Douglas Jacoby Podcast

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For more notes and resources check out Douglas' website. Hebrew words:Qayin (Cain)Hevel (Abel) = vapor, mistNod = wanderingFurther study:Cain -- Hebrews 11:4; 1 John 3:12; Jude 11Abel -- Matthew 23:35; Luke 11:51; Hebrews 11:4; 12:24Other passages referred to: Job 7:16; Psalm 39:5; Genesis 3:16; Matthew 18:22Key verses:4:7 -- Determining to master sin4:9 -- Genuine care for our brother4:24 -- RevengeSome things we learn about God:Sacrifice is part of our relationship with God.God does not accept our excuses for sin.He holds us accountable for sin.God is gracious -- he does not treat us as our sins deserve (Psalm 103:12).For children (simplified lesson):Question 1: How did Cain accept correction?Question 2: How should he have accepted correction?Suggested Bible versions for O.T. Study:Holman Christian Standard VersionNew English TranslationFox Translation (Schocken Bible series)Tanakh (Jewish Publication Society)English Standard VersionInternational Standard VersionThe Septuagint (2007 translation)The Next lesson: Noah (Seth, Enoch....)

For more notes and resources check out Douglas' website.Hebrew words:Noach (Noah) -- restSheth (Seth) -- sounds like Hebrew for set, grantedFurther study:Biblical:Jude 14; Ezekiel 14:14,20; Matthew 24; Luke 17; Hebrews 11:1-7; 1 Peter 3:19ff; 2 Peter 2:5.Verses mentioned in passing: 1 Peter 4:4; Romans 12:1-2; 1 Peter 2:4-10; Hebrews 13:15; Proverbs 22:6.About the extreme longevities of Genesis 5, click here.Extrabiblical:On parenting, see Principle Centered Parenting. The four "impossible" things in Hebrews are found in chapters 6, 10, and 11. Can you find them?For more on Genesis, see my book Origins.Take a look at the apocryphal and pseudepigrahal book of 1 Enoch.In the Sibylline Oracles 175-233 Noah makes an impassioned speech condemning the people and announcing the imminent flood -- such a tradition may be reflected in 2 Peter 2:5. Yet, as Longman and Walton observe in The Lost World of the Flood, p.74, "... textual evidence argues against Noah engaging in evangelistic activity. Noah was instructed precisely who would be brought on the ark, and space was made for eight passengers. No others are anticipated or given opportunity."Some things we learn about God:God hates violence (Malachi 2:16 etc). Violence was the trigger for the great flood. In our worldly society, we have been desensitized to violence, but this is something the Lord takes most seriously.God is patient. He gives the people 120 years before sending the Flood -- more time to repent. (Unless this means the average lifespan is being shortened to 120 years. Or that 120 years is an idealized [not actual] age.)God judges sin. The Flood is like chemotherapy; there is grace even in judgment.Even a God-fearing man may have a child who is not God-fearing. Each is held accountable for his own decisions. (See Ezekiel 18:1-32.)For kids:God keeps his promises.By obeying God, we are saved, and we can save others, too.Key verses:6:9 -- Noah was a "blameless" man, and yet9:21 -- he sinned (like all of us).8:1 -- This verse is the exact center of the flood account, which is written in a chiastic pattern.Next lesson: Abraham

For more notes and resources check out Douglas' website.Hebrew words:Avram (Abram) -- great (exalted) fatherAvraham (Abraham) -- sounds like "father of many" (Ab[ram]-hamon)Avram and Avraham are mentioned 345 times in the Bible:He appears not only in Genesis 11-25, but also in Exodus-Joshua, 1 Kings-2 Chronicles, Nehemiah, Psalms, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Malachi.He also appears in Acts, Romans, 2 Corinthians, Hebrews, James, and 1 Peter.Sarah -- princess. (Note: in Genesis 11:29-17:15, she is Sarai, or "my princess.")Yishma'el (Ishmael) -- "God hears" -- a natural response when at age 86 Abraham finally became a father.Abraham, the man of faith:Faith keeps moving (Genesis 12)!Though the main application is to moving spiritually, still the question remains: Have I ever moved for spiritual reasons? How willing am I to step out of my comfort zone -- even literally stepping out?We go forward, or we go backward! Am I stepping out in faith?Where am I, spiritually?Ur? Spending time with worldly people, in worldly activities? Holding back?Haran? Gone only part-way to the faithful life God has called me to? In a compromise position?Canaan? Gone all the way? Delighting in radical decisions, willing to push myself, open to taking risks?Faith embraces God's promises.The Triple Promise (Genesis 12:1ff):Land -- fulfilled in Joshua 21:43.Nation -- fulfilled in the Exodus. See Exodus 14; 19:6.Spiritual -- fulfilled in Jesus Christ. See Psalm 117, Zechariah 8, Isaiah 49:6, etc.This is a key passage for biblical study.The theme of the whole Pentateuch (Genesis-Deuteronomy) is thepartial fulfillment of these promises.Some N.T. promises:1 Corinthians 10:13; John 15:16; Mark 11:24; Matthew 28:20.And many more!Faith acknowledges a higher order (Genesis 14).Melchizedek was a priest and king entirely outside the visible people of God. He was "above" Abraham in that he received the tithe from him and he himself (the greater) blessed Abraham (the lesser).In this respect Melchizedek was like the Messiah. See Psalm 110 and Hebrews 7.He is also someone "outside the system" who is clearly in a right relationship with God.Faith believes the unbelievable (Genesis 15).His faith is credited as righteousness even before he has been circumcised.Paul bases his argument on justification by faith (Romans 4) on this point.Note: This in no way means that circumcision (old covenant) or baptism (new covenant) was optional.This does not mean a perfect faith.Abraham tried to take short-cuts on more than one occasion (Genesis 15:2; 17:18).Furthermore, on two occasions Abraham told a lie -- or, technically, a half-truth (12:13; 20:2).Do we believe the unbelievable? For example, that we can change (1 Corinthians 6:9-11), or that this world will some day come to an end (2 Peter 3)?Faith is quick to obey (Genesis 17).Psalm 119:60.Don't procrastinate (procrastinare = Latin: pro [for] + cras [tomorrow)!Faith is authentic (18:25).As Sodom and Gomorrah are about to be judged, Abraham cannot conceive of an unfair God. (Also, his relative Lot is there.)For more on models of authentic prayer, study the Psalms.Faith trusts God with what is precious (Genesis 22).Although God never accepted human sacrifice, Abraham was being tested. And he passed the test.There are 10 parallels between the sacrifice of Isaac and the sacrifice of Jesus! (See more at the primary website.)His faith and deeds were working together. See James 2:20-24.In conclusion, to walk in Abraham's footsteps means:To be on the move, and quite possibly lacking financial security.To believe, even when the facts don't paint a pretty picture.To obey, even with only partial understanding.To walk by faith, not fear.To live with a large and low horizon, with expansive hopes for the future.Further study:Biblical:Romans 4:1-22Hebrews 11:8-19James 2:20-24Sons of Abraham / daughters of Sarah: Matthew 3:9; Luke 1:55, 3:8; 19:9; Galatians 3:7; Hebrews 2:16. Notice that Christians are not necessary sons of Jacob (as the Jews were); perhaps "the Israel of God" (Galatians 6:16) refers only to Jewish Christians, and not to all Christians. For more on this, consult Jim McGuiggan's commentary on Romans.Abraham as the "friend of God": 2 Chronicles 20:7; Isaiah 41:8; James 2:23.Extrabiblical:The Qur'an mentions Abraham in 21 chapters. The Muslim scriptures assume the reader knows who Abraham is; in fact, they assume the validity of the O.T. scriptures.By the way, the Qur'an never says Abraham sacrificed Ishmael. Or Isaac. The son is not specified! The tradition that Ishmael was offered came later (after the origins of Islam in the 7th century).Some things we learn about God:The Lord will fulfill his promises, but he is in no rush. We get impatient after minutes. With God, decades fly past in the blink of an eye. (See Psalm 90.)The Lord is a Just Judge, who wishes that all choose the right way. See also 1 Timothy 2:4 and Ezekiel 18.Friendship with God is based on our personal willingness to obey.For kids:Lesson from Genesis 15:5-6 (and, time allowing, 22:1ff). Abraham:Looked up. We get faith when we look up, turning to God, not getting sad about things happening to us down here.Believed God's word. Even though he had no children and was very old, he trusted that God would not let him down.Pleased God. God was very pleased with Abraham when he trusted, and did not give up. Especially since he never saw all the descendants God promised. (Adults: see Hebrews 11:39-40. Children will be addicted to instant gratification unless we train them to wait.)He really believed. He was willing to give back to God what was never really his in the first place (22:1ff).Faith means doing something.Other chapters illustrating this point in Abraham's life: chapter 12 (leaving Haran), 17 (circumcision), 22 (offering Isaac).If your family ever has to make a physical move, use Genesis 12 and compare Abraham's journey of faith with your own relocation. (We have had more than one family devotional sitting on the floor of a vacant house, striving to set our family move in spiritual context!)Click for another children's online Bible study, God Tested Abraham.For parents of step-children or half-siblings:Study the lives of Abraham and his two sons, Ishmael and Isaac (Genesis 16+).What are some of the painful experiences in Ishmael's family background?How do you think Abraham's favoring Ishmael over Isaac affected his family?How does it make you feel to know that many families in Old Testament times were complicated?What perspective does this study yield to make you a better parent?How does it empower you to overcome family dysfunction?Key verses:12:3-- All the earth to be blessed through Abraham's seed.15:6-- Faith is credited as righteousness.18:25-- Men and women of faith have an implicit trust in God's fairness. Accordingly, prayer is genuine!

For more notes and resources check out Douglas' website.Hebrew names:Sarai (my princess)Sarah (princess)By these two forms of her name, she is mentioned 79x in the BibleHagar -- mentioned 15x, in Genesis 16, 21, 25; Galatians 4Yishma'el (Ishmael) -- God hearsYitskhaq (Isaac) (variant form: Yiskhaq) -- He laughsFurther study:Passages mentioned in this study:1 Peter 3:1-6, 13-151 Samuel 15Galatians 3:7Genesis 30:1-2; 1 Samuel 1:5; Genesis 21:6-7Genesis 13:2Exodus 15:22Genesis 18:9; 3:9; 4:9Psalms 113:9; 126:2Hebrews 11:11Other:Podcast 4 (Abraham) -- contains much background information and related materialGenesis 11, 12, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 49Isaiah 51:2Romans 4:19, 9:9Key verses:Hebrews 11:111 Peter 3:6Some things we learn about God:Sometimes his plans just happen to coincide with our selfish preferences.He showers his grace even on those fickle in their faith, who occasionally take matters into their own hands.A basic lesson (suitable for a discussion with children or a family devotional):Sarah was willing to move (Genesis 12). See also notes on Abraham (Podcast 4). Are we willing to do what God says, even if we don't fully understand?Sarah was willing to wait. She waited all the way from Genesis 12, when God made his promise, to Genesis 21, when it came true, about 25 years later! Do we wait patiently for things, or do we insist on having what we want right now?The next study: Lot.

For more notes and resources check out Douglas' website.For further study:Passages highlighted or mentioned in this podcast:Genesis 11:31; 12:4; 13:1-2,6,10-13; 14:12,14-16; 19:1-37.Hebrews 13:2; Judges 19; Ezekiel 16:48-49; Matthew 16:25 (Mark 8:35; Luke 9:24); Genesis 9:20ff; Leviticus 18:21; 1 Kings 11:4-8; Numbers 25.Luke 17:28-29, 32-33; 2 Peter 2:7.Miscellaneous:Lot is considered a prophet in Islam (Qur'an suras 7 and 11). Here his name is Lut.For more on the short verse Luke 17:32, click here.Key verses:Genesis 13:12 -- Lot makes an unspiritual, suboptimal choice.Genesis 19:26 -- His wife looks back (physically); he had been looking back too (emotionally, mentally).Luke 17:32 -- Jesus underscores this last warning.Some things we learn about God:We may start out with genuine faith, yet gradual compromise gradually erodes conviction. When our lives are "disintegrating," it may be a sign that the Lord wants our attention -- and our hearts!He will bless us as we act out of faith (not fear).He wants us to invest ourselves in his promises, not in the allure of the world.Final judgment and judgment of motives belong to him. Don't be too hasty to analyze Bible characters (1 Corinthians 4:3-5) -- or other people we know.For children (simplified lesson):Be careful about bad people (the men of Sodom).They do not listen to God's word.They make fun of your faith.One day they will answer to God."Bad company corrupts good character" (1 Corinthians 15:33).Be one of the good guys (like Abraham).They make good choices.They care about others and pray for them.They don't look back.Be brave. Don't be afraid to stand up.The Next lesson: Isaac.

For more notes and resources check out Douglas' website.Hebrew words:Yitskhaq (Isaac) -- He laughs.Rivqah (Rebekah)'Esaw (Esau)Ya'aqov (Jacob) -- Sounds like "he deceives," or "he grasps the heel."Main thoughts:Isaac tends to value comfort and cuisine over principle. He is willing to compromise in order to avoid conflict.He is led more by his senses than by his mind; by impulses more than the Spirit.Although his father Abraham had conviction about marrying within the people of God, Isaac's conviction in this area (like his son Esau's) is weak.He is surrounded by relational conflict.In the end, he finally acknowledges God's sovereign choice, relinquishing hisright to determine who received the blessing. Hence the favorable verdict in Hebrews 11:20.Further study:Passages used or referred to:Genesis 17, 21, 22; 2 Chronicles 3:1 and 2 Samuel 24:16.Genesis 24; 25:6; 25:20-21, 23, 26; 26:12-13; 27:1ff; 27:46; 28:1ff, 6-9Hebrews 11:20Old Testament:Genesis 17, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 28, 31, 32, 35, 46, 48, 49, 50Exodus 2, 3, 4, 6, 32, 33; Leviticus 26; Numbers 32; Deuteronomy 1, 6, 9, 29, 30, 34; Joshua 24; 1 Kings 18; 2 Kings 13; 1 Chronicles 1, 16, 29; 2 Chronicles 30; Psalm 105; Jeremiah 33; Amos 7.New Testament:Matthew 1, 8, 22; Mark 12; Luke 3, 13, 20; Acts 3, 7; Romans 9; Galatians 4; Hebrews 11; James 2.Some things we learn about God:God's marriage plan is based on spirituality, not Hollywood-style fantasy or romance.God expects us to wait patiently for his blessings -- even if it takes 20 years!God may improve us husbands' judgment through our wives. Sometimes a man will act more spiritually because of his wife!His purposes will prevail! It is not necessary to resort to short-cuts or compromises in order to receive God's promises. Let him work things out; we need not take matters into our own hands.Children's devotional idea:Read the story of Genesis 27.Blindfold "Isaac" (the parent might play this role).One child pretends to be another's sibling, using his/her clothes or other belongings in order to fool "Isaac."Take turns with the role-play.Talk about deception (trying to trick parents, brothers, or sisters). Emphasize that God will take care of us, and we don't need any tricks to receive his blessings.Key verses:24:67 -- A sound marriage is based on inward spiritual principles, not outward appearance.27:4 -- In effect, Isaac attempts to bypass God's plan.27:20 -- He (finally) accepts God's plan.Next lesson: Ishmael

For more notes and resources check out Douglas' website.Hebrew words:Yishma'el (Ishmael) -- God hears.The point: God hears, and cares for, and works in the lives of all human beings -- not just the covenant people.Note: the translations used in this podcast are the CSB and NASB.Further study:Biblical:Genesis 16:9-16: Ishmael is born as a result of human attempts to receive (accelerate) God's promises, after Sarah and Abraham had waited 11 years. In contrast, Isaac, born 14 years later -- 25 years after the promise was given -- was clearly the work of God. His birth was possible only because of the Lord.Genesis 17:20, 23-26; 21:8-21; 25:7-17 (35:29).Galatians 4:21-5:1; Revelation 3:12; 21:2, 10.Ishmael and the Ishmaelites are mentioned in Genesis 16, 17, 25, 28, 36, 37; Judges 8:24; Psalm 83.Study Paul's use of flesh and spirit and law in Galatians and Romans. Flesh is the human tendency to take matters into our own hands, rather than trusting God to work in our lives. In connection with this, read the interesting articles on Human Nature and Driven Men.Extrabiblical:Read about the Qur'anic view of Ishmael, 'Isma'il in Arabic. Seeking legitimacy, the Muslims eventually chose Ishmael as an "ancestor," although in fact many of the Arab peoples have no Ishmaelite blood in their veins at all.If you want to learn more about Islam, Jesus and Islam (2009) has lots of material.Some things we learn about God:God often reverses the natural order of things. In the Bible, and especially in Genesis, the younger supplants the older, receiving the blessing that would otherwise be his.God hears the prayers of sinners (with the exceptions of Psalm 66:18, Isaiah 59:1ff, John 9:31). Otherwise, Matthew 7:7 would not make sense.God cares for those who are outside his covenant people.Genesis 14 -- Melchizedek.Amos 9:7, Jonah 4:11, etc.If God kept his promises to Ishmael, who was not a son of promise or child of the covenant, how much more will he keep his promises to those of his chosen line?For kids:Read portions of Genesis 21. Tell the basic story: Abraham had two sons. One was 13 years older than the other! Abraham loved Ishmael very much.Explain that Sarah, Ishmael's stepmother, was not very nice to him. Even though it was hard for Ishmael and his mother, they did okay.God's plan for Ishmael was not the same as his plan for Isaac. Through Isaac all the world would be blessed -- he would be the ancestor of Jesus. Ishmael went on to become the father of twelve triibes (just like Jacob later on).Like Abraham, God loves all his children. He will accomplish different things through different people. We should not be jealous, or doubt God's love or us, even if we can't understand his plans.Key verses:17:20 and 21:18 -- God cares for Ishmael; he did not write off him and his descendants.25:9 -- Ishmael comes together with his younger brother Isaac to bury their father, Abraham.Galatians 4:29 -- This passage is not referring to the Muslims, but to the religious establishment. In the first century, this was Second Temple Judaism. While many Jews embraced Christ and the gospel, others dismissed Christ; they were no longer the covenant people of God.Next lesson: Rebekah

For more notes and resources check out Douglas' website.Hebrew words:Rivqah (Rebekah). In the OT Greek Bible (the Septuagint [LXX]), her name is rendered Rebekka.Berekhah (blessing) -- a near anagram of Rebekah's name.Further study:Genesis:22:23; 24 (all)25:21-23; 25:20,26; 26:7 (see  Genesis 12 and 20)26:3527:1-28:3; cp. 27:44 and 29:2035:8; 49:31Study the character of Laban, Rebekah's older brother (Genesis 24-25, 27-32).Extrabiblical: Archaeologists have discovered documents from the period (2nd millennium BC) directing that if a girl's father is deceased and another male relative is doing the negotiating, she must give her own consent before being married off. (Yet Bethuel is still alive -- 24:50 -- even though Rebekah's brother Laban seems to be doing the negotiating.)The New Testament:Romans 9:10ff -- God's choice is not made on merit, but by grace.Note: She is not mentioned in Hebrews 11, the "Hall of Fame of Faith."Some things we learn about God:While we ought not to grow lazy (giving up industriousness and responsibility), we do need to leave the outcomes to God. When we hold on to things too tightly, or scramble to reach what the Lord has promised us anyway, we are likely to lose them.As we age, we tend to revert to patterns of thinking and interaction that characterized our families of origin. Rebekah started out vibrant, giving, and faithful; as she got older, though not relinquishing her faith, she did succumb to temptations to take matters into her own hands. To stay close to the Lord, we need to resist the temptation to give in to fear; we must be more like Sarah in this regard (1 Peter 3).He will often bless us even though we are not acting in full faith -- even when we give in to fear.For kids:Read excerpts from the story in Genesis 24 and comment on the character of the girl Rebekah.Was she quiet and selfish, or lively and giving?How could she have "done the minimum" when she met Abraham's servant?How much does a camel drink? (There were 10 camels [v.10], each able to drink up to 100 liters [over 26 US gallons or 21 imperial gallons!)How strong do you think her arms (and back) were in order to water all the animals?Grown-ups do wrong things, too.Later in life, Rebekah deliberately deceived her husband (and one of her sons).Even people of faith do wrong things.The point is to stay close to God, and not to do things because we are afraid we will not be happy.Key verses:24:20 -- Rebekah waters the camels, too. She goes way beyond the call of duty!27:45 -- Fear prompts her to try to control others (children, husband).Next lesson: Esau

For more notes and resources check out Douglas' website.Hebrew words:'Esaw (Esau) -- 98x in the OT (vs. 3x in the N.T.)Se'ar -- hair'Edhom -- Edom, similar to the word for "red" ('adhmoni), "to be red" ('adham), and "to be died red" ('adhammu). The words "Edom" and "Edomites" appear 120 in the O.T.Se'ir -- Seir, a mountain range in EdomFurther study:Old Testament:Genesis 25:24-34. (Scriptures in this podcast are from the [Holman] Christian Standard Bible.)Re: 24:34 -- Proverbs 30:20, Isaiah 22:13, 1 Corinthians 15:32b, Ecclesiastes 8:15. See also 1 John 2:15-17, 1 Peter 1:18, and Hebrews 11:25.Genesis 27:1-4, 29-41.Esau is potential to be a "second Cain" (cp. Genesis 4).Obadiah (about the vengeance of Edom -- the descendants of Esau -- on Judah in 587/586 BC, when God punished Judah through the Babylonians). See also Jeremiah 49.Genesis 33:1-17Genesis 35:29 -- see 25:9.Genesis 36:1-9, 43Esau is also mentioned in Deuteronomy 2, Joshua 24, 1 Chronicles 1, and Malachi 1.The New Testament:Romans 9:13 and Hebrews 11:20 (no commendation)Hebrews 12:16-17Some things we learn about God:When we choose pleasure over principle, the people of the world over the people of God, impulse over rationalist, we forfeit God's blessings.Godlessness separates us from God and his goodness.Sometimes God's people are not as nice as those who are not his people. (Esau seems the more fun, relatable, happy-go-lucky of the two brothers; Jacob was more uptight, driven by fear, and calculating.) This shows us that God's grace isn't based on works, personality, character, or merit.For kids:Read part of Genesis 25. Talk about the differences between the twins. How were Jacob and Esau similar? How were they different -- physically and spiritually?Read the story of Genesis 27. How did Esau react when his brother tricked him out of his father's blessing? How would you have reacted? (Have you ever been bitterly disappointed?)Was what Jacob did fair?  Was Esau right to plan revenge? Have you ever wanted to hurt your brother / sister?What is the difference between making decisions based on pleasure and based on principle?Key verses:25:33 -- sells birthright27:34 -- forfeits blessing27:41 -- contemplates fratricide33:4 -- brothers reunited35:6 -- lives away from the land of promiseHebrews 12:16 -- godlessness / worldliness separates us from God and his goodnessNext lesson: JacobAre you enjoying the podcasts? Please tell your friends about them so they too can listen and learn.

For more check out Douglas's website.Hebrew words:Ya'aqov (Jacob) -- sounds like "he deceives/supplants."Jacob appears 380x in the O.T.Compare this to Isaac (133x) and Abraham (309x).Beth-el (Bethel) -- house of GodYe'abeq (Jabbok) -- he wrestlesYisr'ael (Israel) -- God strivesPeni'el (Peniel) -- face of GodFurther study:His life falls into four periods: Canaan, Aram, Canaan (again), and Egypt. Find the exact chapter numbers for each period.There are also four monuments/pillars/markers: 28:18, 31:45, 35:14, 35:20. What would be the "markers" in your own spiritual pilgrimage?Our study in Genesis: 25:26 (birth); 25 (deception of Esau); 27 (deception of Isaac); 28:10-15 (Bethel -- see John 1:51); 31:42, 53 ("Fear of Isaac"); 29:14-28 (marriage[s] in Aram); 32:22-32 (wrestling match at the Jabbok); but had Jacob profoundly changed? (33--fear of Esau, 33:14--deceit?, 34:1ff--lack of concern for Dinah, 35--lack of concern for Bilhah (cp. 49:2-3); 37 ("death" of Joseph); 46:2, 29-30 (reaffirmation of divine promise and reunion with Joseph); 48-49 (blessing Joseph's sons and his own sons); death (49:33) and burial (50:14).Sexual purity: compare and contrast Genesis 29 (Jacob and Rachel) with Genesis 34 (Shechem and Dinah).In summary, Jacob led a hard life:Not so impressive as his father's and grandfather's lives (47:9).Endured the loss of his beloved (favorite) wife and his special (favorite) son.Ran away from his parents.Still, he kept his eye on the promises, insisting that he be buried in Canaan (49:29-33).Other Old Testament books: Joshua 24:3, 4, 32; Psalm 105:10-23; Hosea 12:2-4, 12; Malachi 1:2ff.New Testament: John 4:5-6, 12; Acts 7:12, 14-16; Romans 9:10-13; Hebrews 11:9, 20ff.Some things we learn about God:Even if God appears to us or works in our life in an intense way, our basic personality type will probably remain unaffected. He will not force us to change. We are all "under construction."God does not spare his chosen ones from tragedy.We can wrestle the Lord for his blessing, but if he has already given his word, this is wholly unnecessary -- exhausting, unproductive, and ultimately faithless.For kids (devotional discussion):Read the story of Jacob at the Jabbok. For younger children, role-play: the angel, Jacob.If you were wrestling your daddy (mommy), who would win?Why do we fight (wrestle) God?Why does Jacob try to make God bless him, when God has already promised to be good to him?Why is Jacob so afraid?Key verses:28:12 -- sees the "stairway to heaven"29:20 -- Jacob's profound (and pure) love for Rachel.32:36 -- He demands God's blessing at the Jabbok.49:26 -- tearful reunion with Joseph, whom he believed to be dead.Next lesson: Rachel and Leah 

For more notes and resources check out Douglas' website.Hebrew words:Rakhel (Rachel)Sounds like "ewe."Appears 47x in the Bible (all but once in the O.T.).She bore Jacob two sons, Joseph and Benjamin.Le'ah (Leah)Sounds like "weary." It is less likely it means "dull" or "wild cow."Interpreters often suggest her eyes lacked luster.Appears 34x in the O.T.She bore Jacob six sons and one daughter (Dinah).Yosef (Joseph, pronounced "yo-SAFE") -- may he add / increaseFurther study:Genesis:Excerpts used in the podcast: 29:23-24, 31; 30:1-3, 22-24; 31:14-20; 33:1-2; 35:16-19; 48:7.Broader sections: Genesis 28-31, 33, 35, 4828 and 24 -- going back to the people of God when seeking a spouse.Other passages cited:The Shulammite: Song of Songs 1:8, 6:13.Leviticus 18:18: Mosaic law forbade (simultaneously) marrying sisters.Some things we learn about God:God blesses those who marry within the faith.God's plan is monogamous marriage. Polygamy does not work, and only leads to great dysfunction.Superstitions are vain. God is the one in control. He cannot be controlled by magic.Those the Lord has chosen to bless do not always have the smoothest relationships -- even (especially?) within their own families.The objects of our prayers often have a high price tag. Be careful what you pray for!With the Lord, it isn't just quantity, but quality. Though Leah had seven children, and Rachel only two, these two gave rise to:The first king of Israel and his N.T. namesake, Saul of Tarsus.A man, Joseph, whose sons' descendants would not only constitute a plurality within Israel, but who himself would save his brothers, father, and in fact millions. Moreover, there are numerous parallels between Joseph and Christ.For kids (devotional discussion):Share some selective readings, e.g. from chapters 28, 29, and 30.Talk about the two sisters. What were they like? How were they different? How was their relationship?Explain that they both wanted children, and jealously competed with each other. What do you want? Is there a toy, privilege, or anything else you very much want? How do your siblings compete with you (and vice-versa)?What makes us happier: sharing, or wanting it all for ourselves?Explain that mothers sometimes die in giving birth. Read 35:16-19. Ask how Jacob felt, and then read 48:7.In what ways should we want to be like Rachel? (This is a good question for girls, and even for boys.) Focus on her character.Key verses:29:20 -- Her husband loved her deeply. See also 48:7.30:1 -- "Give me children, or I die!"Next lesson: Joseph, our final character in Genesis.

For more notes and resources check out Douglas' website.Hebrew words:Yosef (Joseph, pronounced "yo-SAFE") -- may He add / increaseKetoneth passim -- special tunic (outer garment), in Genesis 37:3Ha'arets (pronounced hah-AR-ets) -- the earth / land, as in Genesis 41:57.Further study:Passages the podcast covered or referred to:Genesis 11:27ff (Abraham cycle), 25:19ff (Isaac cycle), 37:2ff (Jacob cycle -- which focuses on Joseph)Numbers 12, Acts 2 -- dreams/visions. This has nothing to do with self-fulfillment, as in the "American dream." Hebrews 11 in fact emphasizes the opposite. Faithfulness is the focus, not fulfillment.2 Samuel 13:18 illuminates Genesis 37:3 -- the special robe was probably a long-sleeved garment, suitable for those privileged not to be involved in manual labor.Genesis 48:12 -- Joseph is the one who will bow before his father, not his father before him (as in 37:10). Moreover, his mother, by the time the family came to Egypt, had died. So his dreams are partially accurate. For a NT parallel, see the vision of Agabus concerning Paul's arrest. The vision of Acts 21:11 is only partially accurate. He was bound, but not with his own belt; and he was handed over, but to the Gentiles, not the Jews.Genesis 37:3, 41:57, 42:21-22, 39:6 (see parallel in 29:17), 45:1-15, 50:14-26.The theme of deception and non-recognition is also very common throughout Genesis (ch. 12, 18, 19, 20, 27, 38, etc).Messianic parallels:Both Joseph and Jesus were shepherds -- Joseph literally, and Jesus the "Good Shepherd."Both were rescued from death and taken into Egypt.Both lived the lives of servants.Both began their public ministries at about the age of 30. (And both spend about 20 years in relative obscurity before this time.)Both resisted temptation.Both were filled with the Spirit of God, and were given knowledge of the future.Both quickly gained the confidence of others.Each tested others in order to find out their true character.Each was sold for the price of a slave (30 pieces of silver).Each was falsely accused, and accepted his fate (silent before his accusers) without protest.Each was condemned along with two other prisoners.Each was "dead" to his father.Joseph was held for two years, and freed in the third; Jesus was "held" for two days, and freed (risen) on the third.They both gave bread to those who came to them.Both "arose" to new life.At first, neither was recognized by his brothers.Each saved his people, and in fact the world.Each was returned to his father.Each became "lord."Each was concerned for unity among his brothers.This does not exhaust the parallels. See the excerpt from the excellent piece by Andrew Wilson (scroll all the way down).Advanced: the age of Joseph.110 was the ideal age for a virtuous Egyptian. (Ancient societies often had actual ages and idealized ages.)Abraham lived to 175 = 7 x 52; Isaac lived to 180 = 5 x 62; Jacob lived to 147 = 3 x 72. Joseph lived to 52 + 62 + 72 -- in a sense, "summing up" his predecessors' lives.For more on the symbolism of biblical ages in Genesis, consult the articles linked to the notes provided with OT Podcast 3 (Noah).For more on Genesis as the introduction to the entire word of God, and for special analysis of chapters 1-11, please see my book, Origins, to be published in 2018.Some things we learn about God:Providence often operates through unfair circumstances. We must strive to be open to there being a "bigger picture" and, like Joseph, not give in to bitterness.Often God lets us wait. With the Lord, we may be "inconvenienced" not just for minutes, hours, or days, but for years and even decades! In the meantime, he is working out his will.In the lives of the earlier patriarchs, God intervenes more directly, speaking to them, sending angels, etc. With Joseph we see a more subtle -- yet comprehensive -- view of God's working and providence. God controls but does not force events, permitting things to happen more than causing them to happen. This resonates much more with the experience of the majority in biblical history -- and with you and me!The Word of God -- the Hebrew scriptures -- testify of the Christ to come.For kids (devotional -- best for three or more children):Dramatize the life of Joseph.Read parts of chapter 37. Choose one child to be "Joseph." Be sure to dress him up in a special robe.Act out the capture and sale of Joseph to the Midianites. One child plays Joseph; the others, his jealous brothers. Father and mother can play the parts of the slave traders. Make sure you have a good "pit" in which to hold Joseph as his fate is discussed.Read parts of chapter 39 (age appropriate). Then act out his imprisonment at the hands of Potiphar.Finally, read excerpts from the chapters 42 onward. Have all the brothers bow down to Joseph. Make sure Joseph has forgiven his siblings. Enjoy the drama!For less drama and more discussion, read about the lives of Joseph (Genesis 37+) and Daniel (Daniel 1 and 6). Compare and contrast. Ask which one's life you would rather have, and why.Key verses:37:3 -- Jacob's favoritism towards his son Joseph, compounding the resentment his brothers felt towards him.37:18, 39:17 and 40:23 -- Life is often unfair; however, this does not mean that God is unfair.39:10 -- Joseph's refusal to give in to sexual temptation.50:20 -- God's providence operating even in our hardships (and others' evil plans).Next lesson: Moses

For more notes and resources check out Douglas' website.Hebrew words:Mosheh (mo-SHEH) -- Moses. Although this is an Egyptian name (as in Tutmoses or Tuthmosis), it sounds like the Hebrew mashah, meaning "draw out."Moses appears over 850x in the Bible, 80x in the N.T.Tevah (tay-VAH) -- the word for box or chest, found in Genesis 6:14 (Noah's "ark") and Exodus 2:3 (Moses' basket)Further study:The passages in this podcast:Read aloud:Numbers 12:3Deuteronomy 31:13-19, 34:1-12Hebrews 11:23-29Referred to:Exodus 2:3 and Genesis 6:14Acts 7:22 and Exodus 4:101 Samuel 22:3-4 and Exodus 4:20Exodus 32:21 and Galatians 2:11Exodus 32:32 and Romans 9:3Deuteronomy 9:20Advanced: .If we take 1 Kings 6:1 literally, then the Exodus must have been in 1446 BC. Yet the archaeological evidence is stronger for a 13th century Exodus. The 480 years may well be a symbolic number (12 [as in the tribes of Israel] x 40 [representing a generation]), in which case Moses would have been born not in 1526 BC, but 150-200 years later.Whereas 110 was the ideal age for a virtuous Egyptian, 120 was the ideal age for the virtuous Israelite. For more on the symbolism of biblical ages, consult the articles linked to the notes provided with OT Podcast 3 (Noah).Read the well-known Jewish document called The Assumption of Moses.A not improbable tradition on Moses and Pharaoh is found in Josephus, Antiquities, II, ix, 7.Deuteronomy 18:15-18 -- Moses is a type of Christ. See Acts 3.Muslims apply this prophecy to Muhammad (!). See my refutation in Jesus and Islam.For more on Egypt and Moses' background -- as well as for a bracing challenge to immerse yourself in the Old Testament, click here.For commentaries, check out:The Word Biblical Commentary, Exodus (Durham). Based on the original Hebrew. Excellent, though advanced. A true commentary, considering all angles and copiously supported bibliographically.The Daily Study Bible Series, Exodus (Ellison). Popular level, and more thorough than Barclay's original N.T. series. Shows considerable literary sensitivity.Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries, Exodus (Cole). Easy to read, though does not include the full text of Exodus, Well done, and only half the length of the DSB series. Highly recommended.Some things we learn about God:Though most of us accomplish our life's work in our 40s and 50s, the Lord may be actually preparing us for far greater service in our old age.Even when we disobey, God may still give the blessing. Therefore we must be particularly wary of pragmatism.Even for "big leaders," sin always has consequences. No one is above God's moral law.If you are a leader, don't be a one-man show, or a one-woman show! Trust others to exercise their gifts, too.God wants us to see him. Yet we can no more see God directly, without being destroyed, than we can gaze at the sun without losing our eyesight! Because of our moral limitations (Habakkuk 1:13), we see God only indirectly -- his effects. We behold his glory not only through the Word, but especially through his Son, Jesus Christ (John 1:18, Colossians 2:9).The Word of God -- the Hebrew scriptures -- testify of the Christ to come.We need to learn to do things God's way, not take matters into our own hands (the flesh). Man's anger does not, after all, bring about the righteous life that God desires (James 1:20).Rather than allowing pragmatism to prevail, we need to follow in the footsteps of Moses, who preferred the maltreatment of persecution over the pleasures of privilege. Such are the people the Lord will reward.For kids (devotional -- best for three or more children):Role-play. Dress up. Dramatize three or more of the plagues.Let father (or the oldest male) play Pharaoh.Emphasize:It is useless opposing God.The Lord hears the cries of his people.He is a God who rescues us.He works through people willing to speak up.Have some fun!Key verses:Exodus 3:2 -- the burning bushExodus 32:32 -- Moses' self-sacrificial SpiritNumbers 12:3 -- humilityNumbers 20:11 -- angerHebrews 11:25 -- correct spiritual prioritiesNext lesson: Aaron

For additional notes and resources check out Douglas' website.Hebrew words:'Aharon (pronounced "a-ha-RONE") -- Aaron. Mentioned 353 times in the Bible, only 4x in the NT.'Egel (pronounced "aygul") -- the calf/bull worshipped in Egypt and Canaan. Either translation works.Further study:Passages the podcast covered or referred to:Exodus 7:7 (also Numbers 33:39 and Deuteronomy 34:7) -- three-year age difference between Moses and AaronExodus 32 -- focus of this podcastExodus 4:16, 7:1 -- Aaron as Moses' "prophet"Numbers 12:1ff -- challenge to Moses' authorityDeuteronomy 9:20, Numbers 20:12, Numbers 20:28Advanced:Genesis 34:25, Exodus 32:26, Numbers 25:8 -- zeal (even to the point of violence) among Levi and his descendantsFor more on the golden calf (bull), click here and also here.Some things we learn about God:Sometime a leader can be weak and ineffective, and yet remain in his position for many years. God does not force leaders to change, nor does he forcibly remove them even when they are failing.Our character and sins do affect our children. Two of Aaron's sons took great liberties in their approach to the priesthood. (Was this the partly caused by Aaron's tendency to back away from a challenge?) The other two were more spiritually solid.Although an influential figure, Aaron was more a spokesman (assisting Moses) than the leader of a nation. In accomplishing his will, sometimes the Lord has us rely on others with complementary gifts. He is not looking for a "one-man show."For kids -- a devotional on ExcusesRead parts of Exodus 32 and describe the scene.Highlight Aaron's lame excuse for the bull idol he had made.Talk about other lame excuses.Are they sometimes funny?What does God think?What are some of my own lame excuses for not doing his will?Who am I fooling: others? myself? the Lord?For more material on excuses (time allowing), visit Luke 14 (the Parable of the Great Banquet).Key verses:Exodus 32:24 -- weak leadershipNumbers 12:1ff -- resents Moses' leadershipNumbers 20:28 -- death, excluded from the land of promiseNext lesson: Miriam

For additional notes and resources check out Douglas' website.Hebrew words:Miryam (Mir-yam), Miriam, appears 13x in the Bible.The name was very popular, and several women in the NT are named after the Miriam of the OT. The form of the name usually appears as Maria, though also occasionally as Mariam. In particular, Luke calls the mother of Jesus Mariam.Further study:Passages the podcast covered or referred to:Exodus 15:1-21Numbers 12:1-16Numbers 20:1, Deuteronomy 24:8f, Micah 6:4Further study: Compare the three lepers of Numbers 12, 2 Kings 5, and 2 Chronicles 26.AdvancedAs various Bibles mention in foot notes, "leprosy" may not necessarily be leprosy (Hansen's Disease). "Snow" may refer to the color of the skin, or perhaps to the texture -- the scaliness of various dermatological conditions. For more on this, click here.The Qur'an is hopelessly confused about Miriam. In surah (chapter) 19 of the Muslim scriptures, Maryam is confused with Mary (the mother of Jesus). And yet they lived at least 1300 years apart!Listen to the podcast The Leprosy of Miriam in the CLEAN series.Some things we learn about God:God encourages us to rejoice in spiritual victories. Miriam led the women of Israel in song. Such expressiveness is not only natural, but healthy. That's because we relate to God not only intellectually, but on the emotional level.Back in the days of inspiration, the Lord spoke through men and women alike. (Miriam isn't the only prophetess in the OT or NT.) Anyone can speak for God (even if we are not inspired, or miraculous guided).God does not exempt leaders from the rules. There's one standard for everybody! In fact, in the Bible the standard for leaders is higher, if anything. Even under the old system (clergy/laity), all were expected to be holy, to be righteous.When a leader sins publicly, and repents publicly, all the people of God know about it. Before this process has been completed, the people of God cannot "move on."For kids (devotional -- best for three or more children):Talk about the talents/gifts the three children of Amram had. Moses was a great leader; Aaron was a great speaker, as well as a priest; Miriam was talented musically, in addition to being a prophetess. Also, she is probably the one who helped Pharaoh's daughter to locate Moses' mother.Talk about the various personal gifts in your own family (among your children, perhaps including mother and father, and even your own families of origin if this seems appropriate or interesting).Aaron and Miriam were jealous of Moses (Numbers 12).Have a talk about family jealousy.Does jealousy ever bring us closer to one another?Have you ever been jealous? When? Why?(For older children) explain the difference between jealousy (which is fiercely possessive and unwilling to share) and envy (which wants what the other guy has).God punished Miriam. If we are jealous, God will oppose us -- just as he opposes the proud (James 4:6 etc).Key verses:Exodus 15:21 -- Miriam's musical celebration after the ExodusNumbers 12:1ff -- her criticism of MosesNumbers 20:1 -- Miriam's deathNext lesson: Balaam

For additional notes and resources check out Douglas' website.Hebrew words:Bil'am (Balaam in the Greek version) appears 63x in the Bible. The Hebrew Bil'am means "devourer."'Athon (female donkey, as in this account). Chamor is a male donkey, while pere'means wild donkey.Further study:Passages the podcast covered or referred to:Numbers 22-24 (many verses); 31:1-8, 16Other O.T. books: Deuteronomy 23:4-5; Joshua 13:22, 24:9-10; Nehemiah 13:2; Micah 6:5Divination: Leviticus 19:26; Deuteronomy 18:10,14; 1 Samuel 15:23; Galatians 5:20Parallel passages: Joshua 5 (opposed by the angel of the Lord), 1 Kings 18 (the altars and sacrifices)In the N.T.: 2 Peter 2:15, Jude 11, Revelation 2:14AdvancedBalaam is the prototype of Judas Iscariot. Explore this notion!Two eminent and ancient Jewish writers also comment on Balaam: Josephus and Philo.Archaeological inscription discovered (1967): At Deir Alla, Jordan, an Aramaic prophecy by Balaam was found, dated to c.800 BC. For more, click here.Helpful commentaries on Numbers:Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries (for the average reader): volume by Gordon Wenham.Word Biblical Commentary (advanced): volume by Philip J. BuddSome things we learn about God:God knows the hearts of all men!God sometimes will oppose our path when it is reckless.If our hearts are wrong, he may or may not expose us before the end of our lives (or even the end of time).For kids:Read selections from the Balaam cycle (Numbers 22-24) and introduce and assign the main characters:Balaam: "I must say only the right thing... you can trust me." (Repeat this, like a mantra.)Balak: "Curse your church..." (He bad-mouths the local church, just as Balaam was asked to curse the Israelites.)The donkey: Bray like a donkey.The angel of the Lord: "Stop, prophet! These are bad people!" -- or something to this effect.Act out the story, in a manner age-appropriate for your own family.Paraphrase the N.T. verdict (2 Peter 2).Do you have any family pets? Ask, "How is ____ better than we are? Does he/she ever show better sense than we do? How?" (E.g. doesn't complain, quickly forgives, learns from his/her mistakes.)

For additional notes and resources check out Douglas' website.Hebrew words:Phinechas – "mouth of brass" or possibly "negro" (in old Egyptian). Appears first in Exodus 6:25, and also in 17 other OT location. Not to be confused with a later Phinehas (son of Eli, 1 Samuel 1:3) and yet another Phinehas in Ezra 8:33. Although his name was imitable, apparently his character was less imitable!Tsamad – join, yoke (Numbers 25:3); tsemed = couple, pairQubbah – large vaulted tent. There exists a similar word in Arabic meaning "camp sanctuary." Appears only here in Bible.Qin’ah – ardor, zeal, jealousy (Hebrew). From qana’ = be jealous.Zelos – jealousy, zeal (Greek NT and LXX). Whereas in English the Greek root evolved into two adjectives (zealous and jealous), it did not evolve to two nouns (zeal and "jeal"). But it could have!Further study:Passages the podcast covered or referred to:Number 25Exodus 32; Leviticus 10; 2 Samuel 6James 4:7-10Romans 12:11 (see also Revelation 3:16); Colossians 1:28-2:1; 3:1ff; 3:16; 4:2-6.Matthew 5:30; 1 Corinthians 5:5,7,13; 6:17; 2 Thessalonians 3:6-15; Hebrews 13:4; Revelation 21:8.In the NT: 2 Peter 2:15, Jude 11, Revelation 2:14Psalm 106:28-31(2 Cor 11:2 -- here Paul is jealous [zēlô] with a zeal [zēlō].)AdvancedPhinehas was chief of the Korahite Levites (1 Chronicles 9:20). Learn more about him in Joshua 22:13ff, 30-32 and Judges 20:28ff.He is lauded in the Apocrypha in 1 Maccabees 2:26, 54 and Sirach (Ecclesiasticus) 45:23-24.He's even mentioned three times in the Dead Sea Scrolls.Some things we learn about God:God's jealousy, which is sinless, is white-hot, holy, and cannot be compromised.He punishes sin.God detests illicit yoking (with unbelievers).He commends those who stand up for his righteousness.For kids:Due to the mature subject matter and shocking nature of the principal text, Numbers 25, this lesson is more appropriate for children who are exposed to significant sexual temptation. (In the United States, this is normally from age of 12.) Be sensitive.For more mature kids, read Numbers 25 and have a discussion. Begin by asking, What character strengths Phinehas has:Strong conviction.Does not follow the flow; understands that there are absolutes.Is unapologetic.Takes the initiative.Demonstrates leadership in a time of moral crisis.His anger is not for his own sake, but because he understands and believes deeply in God's law.True zeal...Ask, in what sorts of situations should a godly person take a stand (e.g. in school, in sports, at church)?In regard to leaving home /going to university, ask, What are you going to do/say when you see people engaged in gross sin?Ask, How does the world oppose and even ridicule such a man?Conclude by reading Joshua 24:15 (begin in v.14 and read as far as you need in order to paint the picture).Key verses:Numbers 25:11Psalm 106:31 

For additional notes and resources check out Douglas' website.Hebrew words:Yehoshua -- "God has saved", Joshua's new name after:Hoshea -- "He has saved" (Numbers 13:16). Moses was the one who changed his name.Joshua appears 223x in the Bible, 27x before the book of Joshua.Iesous (pronounced yay-SOOSS) -- The word in biblical Greek for both Joshua and Jesus.Further study:Mentioned in this podcastPeriod of preparationBorn in Egypt (during Israelite slavery)Exodus 17 -- appears in the Battle of RephidimExodus 24:13, 32:17, 33:11 -- serves as Moses' assistantNumbers 11:28 -- uncomfortable with God's making an exception to his normal way of working.Numbers 14:6-10 -- He exhibits a great faith as he rejects the negative counsel of the spies.Numbers 14:30 -- God will allow him to enter the Promised Land (even though neither Moses nor Aaron is permitted -- Numbers 20).Numbers 27:18ff, Deuteronomy 34:9 -- Moses commissions him, and is told to encourage Joshua (Deuteronomy 1:38).Platform for spiritual success laid out (Joshua 1). Key concept: Success and confidence flow from obedience to God's word.Lifetime accomplishmentsAssumes leadership of the nation (Joshua 1Takes the landSouthern campaign (Joshua 2-10). Some miraclesNorthern campaign (Joshua 11). No miracles.Divides the land, allocating it to the 12 tribes (Joshua 13+)Calls the people to commitment (Joshua 23-24)N.T. passages: Acts 7:45 and Hebrews 4:8AdvancedSee the book by Francis Schaeffer, Joshua and the Flow of Biblical History. Click here.For more on the background of Joshua, see the excellent piece by James Greig. Click here.About innkeepers and espionage, the Law of Hammurabi §109: “If scoundrels plot together in an innkeeper’s house, and she does not seize them and bring them to the palace, that innkeeper shall be put to death.”Did Joshua marry Rahab? Click here.Some things we learn about God:He gives us victory when we follow his word. God works through others to train us. Therefore we need to have a heart that is willing to "follow the leader," not acting in arrogance or a false "spontaneity."We must follow his instructions.Then we can call others also to follow.We learn more about God by carefully comparing both testaments. There are amazing parallels between Joshua and Jesus.Joshua + Jesus (in Greek). Jesus is our salvation; God (in the flesh) is acting to save us.Both are commanders, leading the people of God.Both lead the people into the Promised Land.Both rescue God's people from their enemies.Both bring the people "rest."Both call us to decision!We must discern what God is doing. Four events in Joshua's life are key to grasping this principle, and show how the great leader of God's people did not always see how the Lord was moving.Numbers 11:28 (jealousy or possessiveness vis-a-vis how and in whom God words)Joshua 5:13-15 (commander of army of the Lord). Different to the Jabbok (Genesis 32:22-32) and the Burning Bush (Exodus 3:1-4:17).Joshua 7:1-26 (Ai) -- Leaders must have a godly concern for the purity of the camp (the people of God).Joshua 9:3-27 (the Gibeonites) -- They failed to consult the Lord, thus misinterpreting his will.For kids:Explain who Joshua is. Read portions of Joshua 1, and perhaps also the account of the fall of Jericho. (For an action devotional!)Ask questions:"Be strong": Is God talking about our muscles, or something else?"Obey": Whom do we need to obey? (Teachers, parents, policemen, God...) Who's the most important one to obey?"Be brave": How can we be braver when we don't feel brave?"Meditate on the Law": How can this make us stronger and braver?Key verses:Deuteronomy 34:9 -- Moses lays hands on JoshuaJoshua 1:8 -- Focus on God's WordJoshua 5:13-15 -- Encounter with commander of army of the LordJoshua 24:15 -- Don't follow the crowd (even among the people of God)! Have your own convictions; lead your family.Next lesson: Caleb

For additional notes and resources check out Douglas' website.Hebrew words:Khelev (Caleb) -- dogAppears 35x in the OT (compared to 223x for Joshua), in Numbers, Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, 1 Samuel, and 1 ChroniclesFurther study:Passages covered in this podcastNumbers 13-14Joshua 14-151 Corinthians 6:19-20; Proverbs 13:12; Hebrews 11:13,39.Quotable quotes“I am long on ideas, but short on time. I expect to live to be only about a hundred.” – Edison"To hold the same views at forty as we held at twenty is to have been stupefied for a score of years, and take rank, not as a prophet, but as an unteachable brat, well birched and none the wiser." – a famous educator"And in the end, it's not the years in your life that count. It's the life in your years." – LincolnSome passages on old ageLeviticus 19:32Psalm 71:8; 91:12-15Isaiah 46:3-4Luke 2 (Simeon and [H]anna), Philemon 9 (Paul), etc.Some things we learn about God:As he did for Caleb, God will give us too a different spirit -- the Holy Spirit!God will work in our lives till the very end, if we keep our faith.Even when we are old, God still has work for us to accomplish! (Ephesians 2:10 always applies.)For kids:Read the Caleb story.Ask the kids to act out how a very old person walks / talks / moves around.Then ask them to move and speak the way they imagine Caleb did.Ask, What is the difference? Is it only that his body was different than theirs? (No -- his spirit was different!)Read some of the extra verses on old age (above).Pray together:That we and our friends will respect the aged.That we will learn from their wisdom.That the older members of the church will be active in the work of the Lord.That the older members of the church will be and feel valued.That the children in the church will respect parents, grandparents, and all their elders, as the word of God instructs.That we will keep our spiritual fervor as we age.Key verses:Numbers 13:30 -- Caleb a dissenting voice among the tribal spies.Numbers 14:24 -- Caleb has "a different spirit."Joshua 14:10 -- Still vigorous in old age.Joshua 14:12 -- "Give me this hill country!"Next lesson: Deborah