Diabetes Core Update

In this special edition on Diabetes and Primary Care our host, Dr. Neil Skolnik will engage in an interesting discussion about the challenges, opportunities, and changing face of primary care in the management of diabetes and cardiometabolic disease.  Presented by: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health Osagie Ebekozien, M.D.,MPH, CPHQ,  Chief Quality Officer for the American Diabetes Association (ADA). In this role, he leads ADA efforts to transform diabetes and obesity quality outcomes and improving access to evidence-based practice.   Christopher Jones, M.D., Medical Director, Internal Medicine Intermountain Health, Murray, Utah; Chair of the American Diabetes Association's Primary Care Interest Group Leadership Team.

This issue will review: Real-World Prospective Validation and Economic Evaluation of Deep Learning-Based Diabetic Retinopathy Detection from Fundus Photographs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Diabetes Care 2026;49:510–525; An oral small-molecule GLP-1 receptor agonist for the treatment of obesity in people with type 2 diabetes (ATTAIN-2): a phase 3, double-blind, randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled trial. The Lancet 2025;406:2929-2944; FDA removal of SI for GLP-1s – FDA Announcement Neil Read/John Comment; Effectiveness and Safety of Statins in Type 2 Diabetes According to Baseline Cardiovascular Risk: A Target Trial Emulation Study. Ann Intern Med 2025;172:157-167; and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Optic Nerve or Vision-Threatening Events in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes or Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Diabetes Care 2026;49:526-535. Diabetes Core Update is a monthly podcast that presents and discusses the latest clinically relevant articles from the American Diabetes Association's science and medical journals – Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetes, Obesity, and Cardiometabolic CARE, and beyond. Each episode is approximately 25 minutes long and presents recently published articles from ADA journals and more. Intended for practicing physicians and health care professionals, Diabetes Core Update   discusses how the latest research and information published in journals of the American Diabetes Association are relevant to clinical practice and can be applied in a treatment setting. For more information about each of ADA's science and medical journals, please visit Diabetesjournals.org. Hosts: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health John J. Russell, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Chair-Department of Family Medicine, Abington Jefferson Health

In this special edition on Obesity as a Chronic Disease our host, Dr. Neil Skolnik will discuss the root causes of obesity, the hormonal changes and metabolic adaptation that occurs when a person has obesity, and the implications of understanding obesity as a chronic disease for clinical practice. This special episode is supported by an independent educational grant from Lilly. Presented by: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health Donna Ryan, M.D, Professor Emeritus at the Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Past President of both the Obesity Society and the World Obesity Federation Susan Kuchera, M.D, Associate Clinical Professor of Family and Community Medicine in the Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Program Director of the Jefferson Health Abington Family Medicine Residency Program. Selected references: Changes in Energy Expenditure Resulting from Altered Body Weight. N Engl J Med 1995;332:621-628 Long-Term Persistence of Hormonal Adaptations to Weight Loss. N Engl J Med 2011;365:1597-1604

With the launch of a new journal, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) is also launching a brand new podcast. The Points of CARE, the official podcast of Diabetes, Obesity, and Cardiometabolic CARE, will highlight key research findings, clinical implications, and emerging themes across diabetes, obesity, and cardiometabolic health through interviews with journal authors and subject-matter experts. In this special inaugural episode, host Richard Beaser, MD also discusses the ADA's Obesity Association and the "Standards of Care in Overweight and Obesity." 4:15 Beaser speaks with Alissa Segal, PharmD, RPh, CDCES, CDTC, FCCP. Dr. Segal is editor in chief of Diabetes, Obesity, and Cardiometabolic CARE and professor of pharmacy practice at the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences. Her editorial, "Diabetes, Obesity, and Cardiometabolic CARE: Building New From a Strong Foundation," is available for free at doi.org/10.2337/doci25-0010. 13:00 Samar Hafida, MBCCh, joins the conversation. Dr. Hafida is a board-certified endocrinologist and weight management specialist at Boston Medical Center and assistant professor of medicine (Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition & Weight Management) at the Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine. She is also vice president of the ADA's Obesity Association. Her editorial, "Introducing the Obesity Association and the Launch of Our Official Journal," is available for free at doi.org/10.2337/doci25-0012. 17:55 Dr. Hafida discusses "Pharmacologic Treatment of Obesity in Adults: Standards of Care in Overweight and Obesity." This article is available for free at doi.org/10.2337/doci25-0008. 20:05 Richard and Alissa highlight a few articles from the first issue of Diabetes, Obesity, and Cardiometabolic CARE. Simpkins et al. "Association of Type 2 Diabetes Subgroups With Incident Peripheral Neuropathy" doi.org/10.2337/doc25-0051 Livingston et al. "The Benefits and Costs of Treating Obesity Among Adults in the Medicaid Program" doi.org/10.2337/doci25-0005. Davidson et al. "Effectiveness of Using Patient-Defined Meal Sizes to Determine Bolus Doses of Insulin" doi.org/10.2337/doc25-0018 Ali et al. "Patterns of Prescription Discontinuation, Reinitiation, and Switching of Subcutaneous Semaglutide and Tirzepatide in Adults With Obesity" doi.org/10.2337/doc25-0026 Masiano et al. "Type 2 Diabetes Treatment and Experience With Hospitalization in Older Adults: A Convergent Mixed-Methods Study" doi.org/10.2337/doc25-0009 Young et al. "The Critical Role of Diabetology Pharmacists in Improving Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Care and Outcome" doi.org/10.2337/doc25-0049 To learn more about Diabetes, Obesity, and Cardiometabolic CARE please visit diabetesjournals.org/docm-care. Thank you for listening, and don't forget to subscribe.

In this special series on Metabolic-Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) and Metabolic Dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) our host, Dr. Neil Skolnik will discuss diagnosis and treatment of MASH using a case-based approach with two master clinicians, one a hepatologist and the other a primary care physician. This special episode is supported by an independent educational grant from Boehringer Ingelheim. Presented by: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health Alina M. Allen, M.D. Associate Professor of Medicine at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, where she serves as the Director of Hepatology and Director of the MASLD Clinic. Susan Kuchera, M.D. - Program Director of the Jefferson Health Abington Family Medicine Residency Program, Clinical Associate Professor of Family and Community Medicine in the Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University Selected references: Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in People With Diabetes: The Need for Screening and Early Intervention. A Consensus Report of the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care 2025;48(7):1057–1082  

In this special series on Oral GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, Dr. Neil Skolnik will discuss the first of the GLP-1 RAs to receive FDA approval, Semaglutide.  This special episode is sponsored with support from Novo Nordisk. Presented by: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health W. Timothy Garvey, MD.,  Butterworth Professor and University Professor of Medicine in the Department of Nutrition Sciences at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. Selected references: Oral semaglutide 50 mg taken once per day in adults with overweight or obesity (OASIS 1): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Knop, Filip K et al. The Lancet, Volume 402, Issue 10403, 705 – 719 Oral Semaglutide at a Dose of 25 mg in Adults with Overweight or Obesity. Wharton Sean et al. N Engl J Med 2025;393:1077-1087 Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes. Lincoff, A Michael, et al.  N Engl J Med 2023;389:2221-2232  

In this special series on Automated Insulin Delivery our host, Dr. Neil Skolnik will discuss with the benefits of Automated Insulin Delivery for people with Type 2 Diabetes with two master clinicians, one an diabetes specialist, the other a primary care doctor. This special episode is supported by an independent educational grant from Insulet. Presented by: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health Davida Kruger, MSN, APN-BC,BC-ADM,  Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan. Past Chair of the American Diabetes Associations Research Foundation, Past president, Health Care and Education of the American Diabetes Association. Susan Kuchera, M.D. - Program Director of the Jefferson Health Abington Family Medicine Residency Program, Clinical Associate Professor of Family and Community Medicine in the Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University Selected references: Automated Insulin Delivery in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Network Open. 2025;8(2):e2459348. A Randomized Trial of Automated Insulin Delivery in Type 2 Diabetes.  N Engl J Med 2025;392:1801-12 Automated Insulin Pump in Type 2 Diabetes – Editorial - N Engl J Med 2025;392:1862-1863

In this special series on Weight Bias and Stigma our host, Dr. Neil Skolnik will discuss weight bias and stigma and its importance because weight bias and stigma have an important impact  the experience of living with obesity, leads to measurable adverse outcomes, and when it is present in health care interactions it affects all subsequent care that a patient receives. This special episode is sponsored with support from Lilly. Presented by: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health Sean Wharton, M.D., Medical Director of the Wharton Medical Clinic, Adjunct Professor McMaster University and York University. Patty Nece - Lawyer and Former Counsel for Regulations and Legislation at U.S. Department of Labor; Past Chair of the Obesity Action Coalition (OAC); Member National Academy of Sciences' Roundtable on Obesity Solutions; Member, World Obesity Federation Policy and Prevention Committee; Commissioner on The Lancet Commission on Obesity.  Selected references: Weight stigma and bias: standards of care in overweight and obesity—2025. BMJ Open Diab Res Care 2025;13:e004962. doi:10.1136/ bmjdrc-2025-004962 Canadian Adult Obesity Clinical Practice Guidelines: reducing weight, bias, and obesity management, practice, and policy

This issue will review: 1.     Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes by baseline and changes in adiposity measurements: a prespecified analysis of the SELECT trial 2.     Impact of Oral Semaglutide on Kidney Outcomes in People with Type 2 Diabetes: Results from the SOUL Randomized Trial 3.     The effect of substituting water for artificially sweetened beverages on glycemic and weight measures in people with type 2 diabetes: The Study of Drinks with Artificial Sweeteners (SODAS), a randomized trial 4.     Effects of carbohydrate-restricted diets and macronutrient replacements on cardiovascular health and body composition in adults: a meta-analysis of randomized trials Trial Diabetes Core Update is a monthly podcast that presents and discusses the latest clinically relevant articles from the American Diabetes Association's four science and medical journals – Diabetes, Diabetes Care, Clinical Diabetes, and Diabetes Spectrum. Each episode is approximately 25 minutes long and presents 5-6 recently published articles from ADA journals. Intended for practicing physicians and health care professionals, Diabetes Core Update   discusses how the latest research and information published in journals of the American Diabetes Association are relevant to clinical practice and can be applied in a treatment setting. For more information about each of ADA's science and medical journals, please visit Diabetesjournals.org. Hosts: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health John J. Russell, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Chair-Department of Family Medicine, Abington Jefferson Health

In this special series on Automated Insulin Delivery our host, Dr. Neil Skolnik will discuss the benefits of Automated Insulin Delivery for people with Type 2 Diabetes. This special episode is supported by an independent educational grant from Insulet. Presented by: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health Davida Kruger, MSN, APN-BC,BC-ADM,  Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan. Past Chair of the American Diabetes Associations Research Foundation, Past president, Health Care and Education of the American Diabetes Association. Ashlyn Smith, MMS, PA-C, DFAAPA, LSC, Distinguished Fellow of the American Academy of PAs, Certified Diabetes Prevention Program Lifestyle Coach, Founder of ELM Endocrinology & Lifestyle Medicine, PLLC., Past President of the American Society of Endocrine Physician Assistants, Adjunct faculty at Midwestern University, Selected references: Automated Insulin Delivery in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Network Open. 2025;8(2):e2459348. A Randomized Trial of Automated Insulin Delivery in Type 2 Diabetes.  N Engl J Med 2025;392:1801-12 Automated Insulin Pump in Type 2 Diabetes – Editorial - N Engl J Med 2025;392:1862-1863

This issue will review: 1.     Evolocumab in Patients without a Previous Myocardial Infarction or Stroke 2.     SGLT2 Inhibitors and Kidney Outcomes by Glomerular Filtration Rate and Albuminuria 3.     Continuous SGLT-2, GLIP-1RA and Frailty Progression in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes   4.     Effects of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors by Diabetes Status and Level of Albuminuria 5.     Tirzepatide in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Phase 2 Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial 6.     Listening to Hypoglycemia: Voice as a Biomarker for Detection of a Medical Emergency Using Machine Learning Diabetes Core Update is a monthly podcast that presents and discusses the latest clinically relevant articles from the American Diabetes Association's four science and medical journals – Diabetes, Diabetes Care, Clinical Diabetes, and Diabetes Spectrum. Each episode is approximately 25 minutes long and presents 5-6 recently published articles from ADA journals. Intended for practicing physicians and health care professionals, Diabetes Core Update   discusses how the latest research and information published in journals of the American Diabetes Association are relevant to clinical practice and can be applied in a treatment setting. For more information about each of ADA's science and medical journals, please visit Diabetesjournals.org. Hosts: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health John J. Russell, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Chair-Department of Family Medicine, Abington Jefferson Health

In this special series on Weight Bias and Stigma our host, Dr. Neil Skolnik will discuss weight bias and stigma and its importance because weight bias and stigma have an important impact  the experience of living with obesity, leads to measurable adverse outcomes, and when it is present in health care interactions it affects all subsequent care that a patient receives. This special episode is sponsored with support from Lilly. Presented by: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health Rebecca Pearl, PhD., Associate Professor, Director of Research, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida Selected references: Weight stigma and bias: standards of care in overweight and obesity—2025. BMJ Open Diab Res Care 2025;13:e004962. doi:10.1136/ bmjdrc-2025-004962

In this special edition on Adherence to Medications our host, Dr. Neil Skolnik will discuss medication adherence and the role of clinicians, pharmacies and pharmacists in helping with medication adherence. This special episode is supported by an independent educational grant from Amazon. Presented by: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health Susan Kuchera, M.D. - Clinical Assistant Professor of Family and Community Medicine at the Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University and Program Director of the Family Medicine Residency at Jefferson Health Abington. Tess Carey, PharmD, Clinical Advisor for Amazon Pharmacy  Selected references: Better Medications Adherence Lowers Cardiovascular Events, Stroke, and All-Cause Mortality Risk: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease. 2021, 8, 146. Adherence to antihypertensive medications for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease events: a dose-response meta-analysis. Public Health 196 (2021) 179e185 Medication nonadherence - definition, measurement, prevalence, and causes: reflecting on the past 20 years and looking forwards. Frontiers in Pharmacology, March 2025. DOI 10.3389/fphar.2025.1465059  

In this special series on Metabolic-Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) and Metabolic Dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) our host, Dr. Neil Skolnik will discuss Epidemiology, Importance, Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment of MASH. This special episode is supported by an independent educational grant from Boehringer Ingelheim. Presented by: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health Alina M. Allen, M.D. Associate Professor of Medicine at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, where she serves as the Director of Hepatology and Director of the MASLD Clinic. Selected references: Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in People With Diabetes: The Need for Screening and Early Intervention. A Consensus Report of the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care 2025;48(7):1057–1082

In this special series on Automated Insulin Delivery our host, Dr. Neil Skolnik will discuss with Davida Kruger the benefits of Automated Insulin Delivery for people with Type 2 Diabetes. This special episode is supported by an independent educational grant from Insulet. Presented by: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health Davida Kruger, MSN, APN-BC,BC-ADM,  Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan. Past Chair of the American Diabetes Associations Research Foundation, Past president, Health Care and Education of the American Diabetes Association. Selected references: Automated Insulin Delivery in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Network Open 2025;8(2):e2459348. A Randomized Trial of Automated Insulin Delivery in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med 2025;392:1801-12 Automated Insulin Pump in Type 2 Diabetes – Editorial. N Engl J Med 2025;392:1862-1863 Safety and Effectiveness of MiniMedTM 780G Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop Insulin Intensification in Adults with Insulin-Requiring Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Technol Ther 2025;27(5):366-375

This issue will review: 1.     Screening Natriuretic Peptide Levels Predict Heart Failure and Mortality in Individuals with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes without Known Heart Failure 2.     The Risk of Acute Pancreatitis and Biliary Events After Initiation of Incretin-Based Medications In Patients with Type 2 Diabetes 3.     Continuous Glucose Monitoring Frequency and Glycemic Control in People With Type 2 Diabetes – JAMA Network Open  4.     An AI-Powered Lifestyle Intervention vs Human Coaching in the Diabetes Prevention Program A Randomized Clinical Trial 5.     Two-tier screening approach for liver fibrosis stratification in outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A multicenter cross-sectional study 6.     Change in urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes   Diabetes Core Update is a monthly podcast that presents and discusses the latest clinically relevant articles from the American Diabetes Association's four science and medical journals – Diabetes, Diabetes Care, Clinical Diabetes, and Diabetes Spectrum. Each episode is approximately 25 minutes long and presents 5-6 recently published articles from ADA journals. Intended for practicing physicians and health care professionals, Diabetes Core Update   discusses how the latest research and information published in journals of the American Diabetes Association are relevant to clinical practice and can be applied in a treatment setting. For more information about each of ADA's science and medical journals, please visit Diabetesjournals.org. Hosts: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health John J. Russell, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Chair-Department of Family Medicine, Abington Jefferson Health

In this special series on The Cardiovascular Outcome Trials our host, Dr. Neil Skolnik will discuss the history and importance of the Cardiovascular Outcome Trials for diabetes medications. In Part 1 we discussed an historical perspective with Dr. Steven Nissen. Today we discuss with Dr. Darren McGuire the incredible evolution of the CVOTs since that time, and the most recent CVOT using new methodology, the SURPASS CVOT. This special episode is sponsored with support from Lilly. Presented by: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health Darren McGuire, M.D,  Distinguished Teaching Professor, Jere H. Mitchell, M.D. Distinguished Chair in Cardiovascular Science, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Parkland Health System

In this special episode on a Beta Cell Update Dr. Neil Skolnik discusses this emerging area with Dr. Melena Bellin. This special episode is supported by an independent educational grant from Sanofi. Presented by: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health Melena Bellin.  Professor, Pediatric Endocrinology, and Surgery, Co-Director, Total Pancreatectomy and Islet Autotransplant Program and the Albert D. and Eva J. Corniea Chair, University of Minnesota/ Masonic Children's Hospital      Selected References: Consensus guidance for monitoring individuals with islet autoantibody-positive pre-stage 3 type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2024;47(8):1276–1298 An Anti-CD3 Antibody, Teplizumab, in Relatives at Risk for Type 1 Diabetes. N Engl J Med 2019;381:603-613 Management of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: A Consensus Statement . Diabetes 2020;69(10):2037–2047 Resources for Auto-antibody Testing: Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Centers of Excellence Locations Type 1 Risk test         Trialnet  

This issue will review: 1.     Effects of Semaglutide With or Without Concomitant Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist Use in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease: A FLOW Trial Prespecified Secondary Analysis  - Diabetes Care 2.     Orforglipron, an Oral Small-Molecule GLP-1Receptor Agonist, in Early Type 2 Diabetes – NEJM 3.     Orforglipron, an Oral Small-Molecule GLP-1 Receptor Agonist for Obesity Treatment – NEJM 4.     Dementia Risk in People With Type 1 Diabetes and Associated Risk Factors – Diabetes Care 5.     Impact of baseline GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Use on Albuminuria Reduction and Safety With Simultaneous Initiation of Finerenone and Empagliflozin in Type 2 Diabetes and CKD – Diabetes Care 6.     Oral Semaglutide at a Dose of 25 mg in Adults with Overweight or Obesity -  NEJM    Diabetes Core Update is a monthly podcast that presents and discusses the latest clinically relevant articles from the American Diabetes Association's four science and medical journals – Diabetes, Diabetes Care, Clinical Diabetes, and Diabetes Spectrum. Each episode is approximately 25 minutes long and presents 5-6 recently published articles from ADA journals. Intended for practicing physicians and health care professionals, Diabetes Core Update   discusses how the latest research and information published in journals of the American Diabetes Association are relevant to clinical practice and can be applied in a treatment setting. For more information about each of ADA's science and medical journals, please visit Diabetesjournals.org. Hosts: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health John J. Russell, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Chair-Department of Family Medicine, Abington Jefferson Health

In this special series on The Cardiovascular Outcome Trials our host, Dr. Neil Skolnik will discuss the history and importance of the Cardiovascular Outcome Trials for diabetes medications . In Part 1 we discuss an historical perspective with Dr. Steven Nissen and how this has lead to the CVOTs that change the way we practice from EMPA-REG in 2015 to SURPASS-CVOT in 2025. This special episode is sponsored with support from Lilly. Presented by: Neil Skolnik, M.D., Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health Steven Nissen, M.D., Chief Academic Officer of the Heart and Vascular Institute at the Cleveland Clinic and Professor of Medicine at the Clevland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine. Selected references: Nissen SE, Wolski K, Topol EJ. Effect of Muraglitazar on Death and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. JAMA. 2005;294:2581-2586 Kahn SE, Haffner SM, Heise MA, et al. Glycemic Durability of Rosiglitazone, Metformin, or Glyburide Monotherapy (ADOPT). N Engl J Med 2006;355:2427­43. DREAM trial investigators. Effect of rosiglitazone on the frequency of diabetes in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2006;368:1096 Nissen SE, Wolski K. Effect of Rosiglitazone on the Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Death from Cardiovascular Causes. N Engl J Med 2007;356:2457-2471.