COMMERCE

New provision and further bad debts is always deducted from debtors in balancesheet and additional provision((bad debt+further bad debts+new provision)-old provision) to be debited or provided in profit and loss account and if old provision is more than bad debts+further bad debts+ new provision , difference is to be credited to profit and loss account. Ie A) (bad debt+further bad debt+ new provision)>old provision, then difference is debited to Profit and loss account. B) & if (bad debt+further bad debt+ new provision) < old provision, difference is to be credited to profit and loss account

To record pending transactions on accrual basis

Adjustments are required to incorporate pending transactions in the books of aacounts

This session consists of patterns,levels, bases and merits and drawbacks of market segmentation

Profit and loss account

Practical work

Balance sheet is a sheet of balances of assets and liabilities. This podcast consists of meaning, features, objectives/need/purpose and preparation of balancesheet.

Service marketing is emerged as a separate discipline or field of study from 1980s onwards.

Service marketing consists of meaning, definition and elements of service and service marketing it's nature and service marketing mix

Marketing environment includes all forces and factors which affect marketing organisation

Mostly uncontrollable,fast changing, effect on decision making

Some times expenses paid may partly belongs to next accounting period. Such portion should be treated as prepaid expenses

Practical problem

Consists of internal and external environment

Intro

Initial attempt