The Peds NP: Pearls of Pediatric Evidence-Based Practice

Welcome to the Choosing Wisely Campaign series! This is the fifth and final episode of our 5-part series exploring the ABIM Foundation’s Choosing Wisely Lists. This campaign aims to promote conversations between clinicians and patients to avoid unnecessary medical tests, treatments, and procedures. Our last case-based episode focuses on a school-aged male presenting with new-onset enuresis. After a discussion of the differential diagnosis and evidence-based evaluation strategies, we apply recommendations from multiple AAP Choosing Wisely lists to create a care plan that is safe, resource-conscious, and child-centered. Throughout this episode, we’ll highlight how ethical care principles—beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice—guide high-value decision-making and help us avoid unnecessary imaging, laboratory studies, and interventions that add cost without improving outcomes. This familiar case in pediatrics is worthy of a rewind to relisten to a throwback episode that will reinforce your skills and emphasize the clinical diagnosis and management without added diagnostics, referrals, or medications.  This case closes out our series on Choosing Wisely in Pediatrics, but the principles we’ve explored should continue to inform your practice every day. If you missed earlier episodes, rewind to learn more about the campaign’s background and listen to cases on fever and cough, gastroenterology presentations, and more.   Series Learning Objectives: Introduction to the Choosing Wisely Campaign: Understand the origins, historical precedent, and primary goals of the campaign. Case-Based Applications: Explore five common presentations in primary and acute care pediatrics, applying concepts from various Choosing Wisely lists to guide management and resource stewardship. Effective Communication: Learn strategies for engaging in tough conversations with parents and colleagues to create allies and ensure evidence-based practices are followed. Modified rMETRIQ Score: 15/15 What does this mean?   Competencies: AACN Essentials: 1: 1.1 g; 1.2 f; 1.3 d, e 2: 2.1 d, e; 2.2 g; 2.4 f, g; 2.5 h, i, j, k 7: 7.2 g, h, k 9: 9.1i, j; 9.2 i, j; 9.3 i, k NONPF NP Core Competencies: 1: NP 1.1h; NP 1.2 k, m; NP 1.3 f, j, h 2: NP 2.1 j, g; NP 2.2 k, n; NP 2.4 h, i; NP 2.5 k, l, m, n, o 7: NP 7.2 m 9: NP 9.1 m, n; NP 9.2 n; NP 9.3 p References: AAP Section on Emergency Medicine & Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians. (2022). Five things physicians and patients should question. Retrieved from https://downloads.aap.org/AAP/PDF/Choosing%20Wisely/CWEmergencyMedicine.pdf AAP Section on Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. (2023). Five things physicians and patients should question. https://downloads.aap.org/AAP/PDF/Choosing%20Wisely/CWGastroenterology.pdf AAP Section on Urology. (2022). Five things physicians and patients should question. Retrieved from https://downloads.aap.org/AAP/PDF/Choosing%20Wisely/CWUrology.pdf Daniel, M., Szymanik-Grzelak, H., Sierdziński, J., Podsiadły, E., Kowalewska-Młot, M., & Pańczyk-Tomaszewska, M. (2023). Epidemiology and Risk Factors of UTIs in Children-A Single-Center Observation. Journal of personalized medicine, 13(1), 138. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13010138 McMullen, P.C., Zangaro, G., Selzer, C., Williams, H. (2026). Nurse Practitioner Claims and the National Practitioner Data Bank: Trends, Analysis, and Implications for Nurse Practitioner Education and Practice. Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 22(1), p. 105569, https://doi-org.proxy.lib.duke.edu/10.1016/j.nurpra.2025.105569 Tabbers, M. M., DiLorenzo, C., Berger, M. Y., Faure, C., Langendam, M. W., Nurko, S., Staiano, A., Vandenplas, Y., Benninga, M. A., European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, & North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology (2014). Evaluation and treatment of functional constipation in infants and children: evidence-based recommendations from ESPGHAN and NASPGHAN. Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 58(2), 258–274. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000000266 UCSF Benioff Children's Hospitals. (n.d.). Constipation & urologic problems. https://www.ucsfbenioffchildrens.org/conditions/constipation-and-urologic-problems Vaughan, D. (2015). The Challenger Launch Decision: Risky Technology, Deviance, and Culture at NASA. University of Chicago Press. DOI: 10.7208/chicago/9780226346960.001.0001 Wilbanks, Bryan A. PhD, DNP, CRNA. Evaluation of Methods to Measure Production Pressure: A Literature Review. Journal of Nursing Care Quality 35(2):p E14-E19, April/June 2020. | DOI: 10.1097/NCQ.0000000000000411

Welcome to the Choosing Wisely Campaign series! This is the fourth episode of a 5-part series exploring the ABIM Foundation’s Choosing Wisely Lists. This campaign aims to promote conversations between clinicians and patients to avoid unnecessary medical tests, treatments, and procedures. Our third case-based episode presents a child with fever and cough. After a clear discussion of the case and thoughtful consideration of the etiology and treatment strategies, we use the AAP’s Choosing Wisely Hospital Medicine and Infectious Diseases lists to create a resource-conscious care plan that is safe and patient-centered. In the coming episodes, we’ll explore the pediatric lists and apply our knowledge to cases of common presentations seen in primary and acute care pediatrics.    Series Learning Objectives: Introduction to the Choosing Wisely Campaign: Understand the origins, historical precedent, and primary goals of the campaign. Case-Based Applications: Explore five common presentations in primary and acute care pediatrics, applying concepts from various Choosing Wisely lists to guide management and resource stewardship. Effective Communication: Learn strategies for engaging in tough conversations with parents and colleagues to create allies and ensure evidence-based practices are followed. Modified rMETRIQ Score: 14/15   Competencies: AACN Essentials: 1: 1.1 g; 1.2 f; 1.3 d, e 2: 2.1 d, e; 2.2 g; 2.4 f, g; 2.5 h, i, j, k 7: 7.2 g, h, k 9: 9.1i, j; 9.2 i, j; 9.3 i, k   NONPF NP Core Competencies: 1: NP 1.1h; NP 1.2 k, m; NP 1.3 f, j, h 2: NP 2.1 j, g; NP 2.2 k, n; NP 2.4 h, i; NP 2.5 k, l, m, n, o 7: NP 7.2 m 9: NP 9.1 m, n; NP 9.2 n; NP 9.3 p   References ABIM Foundation. (2019). Communicating about overuse with vulnerable populations. Retrieved from https://www.choosingwisely.org/files/Communicating-About-Overuse-to-Vulnerable-Population_Final2.pdf American Academy of Pediatrics [AAP] Committee on Infectious Diseases & Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society. (2018). Five things physicians and patients should question. Retrieved from https://downloads.aap.org/AAP/PDF/Choosing%20Wisely/CWInfectiousDisease.pdf de Benedictis, F. M., Kerem, E., Chang, A. B., Colin, A. A., Zar, H. J., & Bush, A. (2020). Complicated pneumonia in children. Lancet (London, England), 396(10253), 786–798. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31550-6 Kato, H. (2024) Antibiotic therapy for bacterial pneumonia. J Pharm Health Care Sci 10, 45. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40780-024-00367-5 Schlapbach, L. J., Watson, R. S., Sorce, L. R., Argent, A. C., Menon, K., Hall, M. W., Akech, S., Albers, D. J., Alpern, E. R., Balamuth, F., Bembea, M., Biban, P., Carrol, E. D., Chiotos, K., Chisti, M. J., DeWitt, P. E., Evans, I., Flauzino de Oliveira, C., Horvat, C. M., Inwald, D., … Society of Critical Care Medicine Pediatric Sepsis Definition Task Force (2024). International Consensus Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis and Septic Shock. JAMA, 331(8), 665–674. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.0179 Smith, D. K., Kuckel, D. P., & Recidoro, A. M. (2021). Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children: Rapid Evidence Review. American family physician, 104(6), 618–625. Society of Hospital Medicine, AAP, & Academic Pediatric Association. (2021). Five things physicians and patients should question. Retrieved from https://downloads.aap.org/AAP/PDF/Choosing%20Wisely/CWHospitalmedicine.pdf Yun K. W. (2024). Community-acquired pneumonia in children: updated perspectives on its etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Clinical and experimental pediatrics, 67(2), 80–89. https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2022.01452

Welcome to the Choosing Wisely Campaign series! This is the third episode of a 5-part series exploring the ABIM Foundation’s Choosing Wisely Lists. This campaign aims to promote conversations between clinicians and patients to avoid unnecessary medical tests, treatments, and procedures. Our second case-based episode presents an infant with diarrhea and diaper dermatitis. After a clear discussion of the case and thoughtful consideration of the etiology and treatment strategies, we use the AAP’s Choosing Wisely dermatology and gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition lists to create a resource-conscious care plan that is safe and patient-centered. In the coming episodes, we’ll explore the pediatric lists and apply our knowledge to cases of common presentations seen in primary and acute care pediatrics.    Series Learning Objectives: Introduction to the Choosing Wisely Campaign: Understand the origins, historical precedent, and primary goals of the campaign. Case-Based Applications: Explore five common presentations in primary and acute care pediatrics, applying concepts from various Choosing Wisely lists to guide management and resource stewardship. Effective Communication: Learn strategies for engaging in tough conversations with parents and colleagues to create allies and ensure evidence-based practices are followed. Modified rMETRIQ Score: 15/15   Competencies: AACN Essentials: 1: 1.1 g, 1.2f, 1.3de 2: 2.1 de, 2.2g, 2.4fg, 2.5 hijk 7: 7.2 ghk 9: 9.1ij, 9.2ij, 9.3ik NONPF NP Core Competencies: 1: NP1.1h, NP 1.2km, NP 1.3fjh 2: NP2.1jg, NP2.2kn, NP 2.4hi, NP2.5 klmno 7: NP7.2m 9: NP9.1mn, NP9.2n, NP9.3p   References ABIM Foundation. (2019). Communicating about overuse with vulnerable populations. Retrieved from https://www.choosingwisely.org/files/Communicating-About-Overuse-to-Vulnerable-Population_Final2.pdf AAP Section on Dermatology. (2021). Five things physicians and patients should question. https://downloads.aap.org/AAP/PDF/Choosing%20Wisely/CWDermatology.pdf AAP Section on Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. (2023). Five things physicians and patients should question. https://downloads.aap.org/AAP/PDF/Choosing%20Wisely/CWGastroenterology.pdf Harriet Lane Service (Johns Hopkins Hospital), Anderson, C. C., Kapoor, S., & Mark, T. E. (2024). The Harriet Lane handbook: a manual for pediatric house officers (23rd ed.). Elsevier.  Jauregui, J., Nelson, D., Choo, E., Stearns, B., Levine, A. C., Liebmann, O., & Shah, S. P. (2014). External validation and comparison of three pediatric clinical dehydration scales. PloS one, 9(5), e95739. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095739 Johnson, H., & Yu, J. (2022). Current and Emerging Therapies in Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis. Dermatology and therapy, 12(12), 2691–2703. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13555-022-00829-4 Semon, A. K., Keenan, O., & Zackular, J. P. (2021). Clostridioides difficile and the Microbiota Early in Life. Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, 10(Supplement_3), S3–S7. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piab063

Welcome to the Choosing Wisely Campaign series! This is the second episode of a 5-part series exploring the ABIM Foundation’s Choosing Wisely Lists. This campaign aims to promote conversations between clinicians and patients to avoid unnecessary medical tests, treatments, and procedures. The first of our case-based episodes presents a school age child with syncope. After a clear discussion of the case and thoughtful consideration of an acute care differential, we use the AAP’s Choosing Wisely cardiac list to create a resource-conscious care plan that is safe and patient-centered. In the coming episodes, we’ll explore the pediatric lists and apply our knowledge to cases of common presentations seen in primary and acute care pediatrics.    Series Learning Objectives: Introduction to the Choosing Wisely Campaign: Understand the origins, historical precedent, and primary goals of the campaign. Case-Based Applications: Explore five common presentations in primary and acute care pediatrics, applying concepts from various Choosing Wisely lists to guide management and resource stewardship. Effective Communication: Learn strategies for engaging in tough conversations with parents and colleagues to create allies and ensure evidence-based practices are followed. Competencies: AACN Essentials: 1: 1.1 g, 1.2f 2: 2.1 de, 2.2g, 2.5 ij 6: 6.1 i 7: 7.2 ghk 9: 9.1ij, 9.2ij, 9.3ik NONPF NP Core Competencies: 1: NP1.1h, NP 1.2km 2: NP2.1jg, NP2.2kn, NP2.5 lo 6: NP6.1o 7: NP7.2m 9: NP9.1mn, NP9.2n, NP9.3p References: AAP Section on Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery. (2020). Five things physicians and patients should question. https://downloads.aap.org/AAP/PDF/Choosing%20Wisely/CWCardio.pdf Gilpin, K., & Goode, Z. (2024). Syncope. Pediatrics in review, 45(10), 606–608. https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.2023-006053

Welcome to the Choosing Wisely Campaign series! This 5-part series will explore the ABIM Foundation’s Choosing Wisely Campaign, its historical precedent, and its goals. We will discuss how this initiative aims to promote conversations between clinicians and patients to avoid unnecessary medical tests, treatments, and procedures. The introduction episode dives into the historic 2010 editorial in the New England Journal of Medicine that inspired over 80 professional societies to write their “Top 5 Lists” of tests and procedures that could be avoided in evidence-based care. To better understand the problem, we then pick apart the survey that provided insight into why we over order and the harm it causes to vulnerable populations.  In the coming episodes, we’ll explore the pediatric lists and apply our knowledge to cases of common presentations seen in primary and acute care pediatrics.  Author: Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC www.thepedsnp.com Instagram: @thepedsnppodcast Series Learning Objectives: Introduction to the Choosing Wisely Campaign: Understand the origins, historical precedent, and primary goals of the campaign. Case-Based Applications: Explore five common presentations in primary and acute care pediatrics, applying concepts from various Choosing Wisely lists to guide management and resource stewardship. Effective Communication: Learn strategies for engaging in tough conversations with parents and colleagues to create allies and ensure evidence-based practices are followed. Competencies: AACN Essentials: 1: 1.1 g, 1.2f 2: 2.1 de, 2.2g, 2.5 ij 6: 6.1 i 7: 7.2 ghk 9: 9.1ij, 9.2ij, 9.3ik NONPF NP Core Competencies: 1: NP1.1h, NP 1.2km 2: NP2.1jg, NP2.2kn, NP2.5 lo 6: NP6.1o 7: NP7.2m 9: NP9.1mn, NP9.2n, NP9.3p Modified rMETRIQ Score: 15/15 Learn more about our peer review process at www.thepedsnp.com/peerreview   References: ABIM Foundation. (2019). Communicating about overuse with vulnerable populations. Retrieved from https://www.choosingwisely.org/files/Communicating-About-Overuse-to-Vulnerable-Population_Final2.pdf Brody, H. (2010). Medicine's ethical responsibility for health care reform--the Top Five list. The New England journal of medicine, 362(4), 283–285. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp0911423 Lipitz-Snyderman, A., & Bach, P. B. (2013). Overuse of health care services: when less is more … more or less. JAMA internal medicine, 173(14), 1277–1278. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.6181 PerryUndem Research/Communication. (2014). Unnecessary tests and procedures in the health care system. Retrieved from https://www.choosingwisely.org/files/Final-Choosing-Wisely-Survey-Report.pdf Smith-Bindman, R., Chu, P. W., Azman Firdaus, H., Stewart, C., Malekhedayat, M., Alber, S., Bolch, W. E., Mahendra, M., Berrington de González, A., & Miglioretti, D. L. (2025). Projected Lifetime Cancer Risks From Current Computed Tomography Imaging. JAMA internal medicine, e250505. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2025.0505 Wyman, O. (2019). Right Place, Right Time: Health Information & Vulnerable Populations. https://www.oliverwyman.com/RightPlaceRightTime.html  

This is the final episode of The Peds NP Acute Care PNP Faculty series. The series was created and peer-reviewed by national leaders in acute care PNP education in collaboration to meet the needs of our current and future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.    As I come to an end of my time as a faculty member at the Catholic University of America and our Acute Care PNP Faculty series, I remember my graduation from Johns Hopkins. These terminal moments are likened to a graduation, and serve as a wonderful time for reflection. The episode recollects the student speaker commencement address given at my graduation, filled with vehicular metaphors and acknowledgements of failure. A common theme of “Onward” is woven throughout to remind listeners that, at whatever graduation you find yourself celebrating right now, be hopeful and excited at the good that is left to do in the world.    The Peds NP will return in 2025 from Duke University… Author: Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC   Peer Review: This episode was peer reviewed using a modified revised METRIQ (rMETRIQ) Score. Learn more about The Peds NP's formal peer review process at www.thepedsnp.com/peerreview rMETRIQ Score: 12/15 What does this score mean? This episode underwent a formal quality assurance and peer review process. It received a lower score because of the editorial nature of the content that could not achieve the highest score for question 1 and 4 criteria. There is sufficient background to situate the listener, but there are no referrals to other valuable sites. References are sited, but they do not correspond to specific statements. Financial disclosures/conflicts of interest: None Connect with The Peds NP email: thepedsnp@gmail.com Instagram: @thepedsnppodcast   References: Carson, R.A. (2024). Student speaker commencement address [Speech transcript]. Johns Hopkins School of Nursing Commencement. https://alumni.jhu.edu/commencement-2016(Original work published 2016). 

Welcome to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This series was created and peer-reviewed by national leaders in acute care PNP education collaborating with one another to meet the needs of our current and future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.    This episode reviews the features of a patient presentation in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and goes in depth on how learners can incorporate trends, new findings, and summaries into a succinct discussion in family-centered rounds. After an introduction with some general best practices, the guide begins with effective pre-rounding and progresses to the step-by-step components of a PICU patient presentation. The template describes each component’s contents in detail, followed immediately by an example to demonstrate the practical application of each concept… “It might sound something like this:”... This episode is a valuable tool for any pediatric provider seeking to increase their skills in succinct synthesis and patient presentations, regardless of clinical setting.   This episode was peer reviewed by The Peds NP faculty series peer review team. You can read about our novel and scholarly approach to peer review, review our faculty lineup, and learn more about the series, competency mapping, references, and show notes at www.thepedsnp.com. There was no financial support or conflicts of interest to report. Follow me on Instagram @thepedsnppodcast.  Email me at thepedsnp@gmail.com.  Remember that this isn’t just a podcast, you’re listening for the kids.   Authors (alphabetical): Jackie Calhoun, DNP, CRNP, CPNP-AC, CCRN, Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Lena Oliveros, MSN, CPNP-AC, Priscila Reid, DNP, APRN, FNP-C, CPNP-AC Peer Review: This episode was peer reviewed using a modified revised METRIQ (rMETRIQ) Score. Learn more about The Peds NP's formal peer review process at www.thepedsnp.com/peerreview rMETRIQ Score: 15/15 What does this score mean? This episode underwent a quality assurance process using formal peer review and achieved the top scores based on established quality criteria for podcasts. Financial disclosures/conflicts of interest: None Connect with The Peds NP email: thepedsnp@gmail.com Instagram: @thepedsnppodcast   References:  Bolick, B.N., Reuter-Rice, K., Madden, M.A., Severin, P.N. (2020). Pediatric Acute Care: A guide for Interprofessional Practice (2nd ed.). Jones & Barlett Learning. Burlington, MA.    Oubre, R. (2024). Systems versus problem-based notes. Dr. Oubre’s Digest. https://droubredigest.beehiiv.com/p/systems-versus-problems-based-notes   Stanford Medicine. (nd). Coaching best practices– Presenting a patient. https://med.stanford.edu/content/dam/sm/peds/documents/Program%20Information/coaching/Coaching%20Feedback%20Summary_Presenting%20a%20Patient.pdf   UC San Diego School of Medicine. (2018). Overview and general information about oral presentation. Practical Guide to Clinical Medicine. https://meded.ucsd.edu/clinicalmed/oral.html

Welcome to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This series was created and peer-edited by national leaders in acute care PNP education collaborating with one another to meet the needs of our future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.    *This is the second episode in a 2 part series on enteral feeding. Listen to Episode 75: Malnutrition and Feeding Tube Selection first.   This episode walks through the decision-making for which enteral formula to select based on the patient's age, protein needs, and GI function. A list of commercially available examples is listed for each age group and protein type. Fluid and caloric goals are discussed to determine if concentrated formulas are appropriate. Lastly, the process of starting continuous feeds and advancing to bolus feeds while assessing for tolerance is reviewed. Build functional skills by following along with a case study that is continued from the prior episode. It's proof that there's more than just formula that goes into tube feedings.   Authors: Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Jessica D. Murphy, DNP, CPNP-AC, CPHON, CNE, & Marian Malone, DNP, APRN, CPNP-AC/PC Welcome to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This series was created and peer-reviewed by national leaders in acute care PNP education collaborating with one another to meet the needs of our current and future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.    This episode reviews the features of a patient presentation in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and goes in depth on how learners can incorporate trends, new findings, and summaries into a succinct discussion in family-centered rounds. After an introduction with some general best practices, the guide begins with effective pre-rounding and progresses to the step-by-step components of a PICU patient presentation. The template describes each component’s contents in detail, followed immediately by an example to demonstrate the practical application of each concept… “It might sound something like this:”... This episode is a valuable tool for any pediatric provider seeking to increase their skills in succinct synthesis and patient presentations, regardless of clinical setting.   This episode was peer reviewed by The Peds NP faculty series peer review team. You can read about our novel and scholarly approach to peer review, review our faculty lineup, and learn more about the series, competency mapping, references, and show notes at www.thepedsnp.com. There was no financial support or conflicts of interest to report. Follow me on Instagram @thepedsnppodcast.  Email me at thepedsnp@gmail.com.  Remember that this isn’t just a podcast, you’re listening for the kids.   Authors (alphabetical): Jackie Calhoun, DNP, CRNP, CPNP-AC, CCRN, Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Lena Oliveros, MSN, CPNP-AC, Priscila Reid, DNP, APRN, FNP-C, CPNP-AC Peer Review: This episode was peer reviewed using a modified revised METRIQ (rMETRIQ) Score. Learn more about The Peds NP's formal peer review process at www.thepedsnp.com/peerreview rMETRIQ Score: 15/15 What does this score mean? This episode underwent a quality assurance process using formal peer review and achieved the top scores based on established quality criteria for podcasts. Financial disclosures/conflicts of interest: None Connect with The Peds NP email: thepedsnp@gmail.com Instagram: @thepedsnppodcast References: Bechtold, M. L., Brown, P. M., Escuro, A., Grenda, B., Johnston, T., Kozeniecki, M., Limketkai, B. N., Nelson, K. K., Powers, J., Ronan, A., Schober, N., Strang, B. J., Swartz, C., Turner, J., Tweel, L., Walker, R., Epp, L., & Malone, A. (2022). When is enteral nutrition indicated? Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 46(7), 1470–1496. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.2364 Becker, P., Carney, L. N., Corkins, M. R., Monczka, J., Smith, E., Smith, S. E., Spear, B. A., & White, J. V. (2014). Consensus statement of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Nutrition in Clinical Practice, 30(1), 147–161. https://doi.org/10.1177/0884533614557642 Green Corkins, K. (2015). Nutrition‐focused physical examination in pediatric patients. Nutrition in Clinical Practice, 30(2), 203–209. https://doi.org/10.1177/0884533615572654 Hess, L., & Crossen, J. (2008). Pediatric Nutrition Handbook (3rd ed.). Cincinnati Children’s. Mehta, N. M., Skillman, H. E., Irving, S. Y., Coss-Bu, J. A., Vermilyea, S., Farrington, E. A., McKeever, L., Hall, A. M., Goday, P. S., & Braunschweig, C. (2017). Guidelines for the provision and assessment of Nutrition Support Therapy in the pediatric critically ill patient: Society of Critical Care Medicine and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, 18(7), 675–715. https://doi.org/10.1097/pcc.0000000000001134 Panchal, A. K., Manzi, J., Connolly, S., Christensen, M., Wakeham, M., Goday, P. S., & Mikhailov, T. A. (2014). Safety of enteral feedings in critically ill children receiving vasoactive agents. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 40(2), 236–241. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148607114546533 Yi, Dae Young. (2018). Enteral nutrition in pediatric patients. Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, 21(1), 12-19. http://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2018.21.1.12

Welcome back to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This series was created and peer-reviewed by national leaders in acute care PNP education collaborating with one another to meet the needs of our current and future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.    This episode begins with a brief review of malnutrition and pediatric nutritional assessment in acute care settings. Next we begin a choose-your-own-nutrition adventure by asking a series of questions that aid in medical decision-making for which nutrition route is appropriate, and, if enteral feeding is best, then determines the type of tube indicated. A case-based discussion with examples helps you to apply the concepts to a complex scenario. Our next episode will focus on formula selection, the initiation of feeds, and assessment of tolerance.   Authors: Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Jessica D. Murphy, DNP, CPNP-AC, CPHON, CNE, & Marian Malone, DNP, APRN, CPNP-AC/PC Welcome to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This series was created and peer-reviewed by national leaders in acute care PNP education collaborating with one another to meet the needs of our current and future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.    This episode reviews the features of a patient presentation in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and goes in depth on how learners can incorporate trends, new findings, and summaries into a succinct discussion in family-centered rounds. After an introduction with some general best practices, the guide begins with effective pre-rounding and progresses to the step-by-step components of a PICU patient presentation. The template describes each component’s contents in detail, followed immediately by an example to demonstrate the practical application of each concept… “It might sound something like this:”... This episode is a valuable tool for any pediatric provider seeking to increase their skills in succinct synthesis and patient presentations, regardless of clinical setting.   This episode was peer reviewed by The Peds NP faculty series peer review team. You can read about our novel and scholarly approach to peer review, review our faculty lineup, and learn more about the series, competency mapping, references, and show notes at www.thepedsnp.com. There was no financial support or conflicts of interest to report. Follow me on Instagram @thepedsnppodcast.  Email me at thepedsnp@gmail.com.  Remember that this isn’t just a podcast, you’re listening for the kids.   Authors (alphabetical): Jackie Calhoun, DNP, CRNP, CPNP-AC, CCRN, Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Lena Oliveros, MSN, CPNP-AC, Priscila Reid, DNP, APRN, FNP-C, CPNP-AC Peer Review: This episode was peer reviewed using a modified revised METRIQ (rMETRIQ) Score. Learn more about The Peds NP's formal peer review process at www.thepedsnp.com/peerreview rMETRIQ Score: 15/15 What does this score mean? This episode underwent a quality assurance process using formal peer review and achieved the top scores based on established quality criteria for podcasts. Financial disclosures/conflicts of interest: None Connect with The Peds NP email: thepedsnp@gmail.com Instagram: @thepedsnppodcast References: Bechtold, M. L., Brown, P. M., Escuro, A., Grenda, B., Johnston, T., Kozeniecki, M., Limketkai, B. N., Nelson, K. K., Powers, J., Ronan, A., Schober, N., Strang, B. J., Swartz, C., Turner, J., Tweel, L., Walker, R., Epp, L., & Malone, A. (2022). When is enteral nutrition indicated? Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 46(7), 1470–1496. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.2364 Becker, P., Carney, L. N., Corkins, M. R., Monczka, J., Smith, E., Smith, S. E., Spear, B. A., & White, J. V. (2014). Consensus statement of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Nutrition in Clinical Practice, 30(1), 147–161. https://doi.org/10.1177/0884533614557642 Green Corkins, K. (2015). Nutrition‐focused physical examination in pediatric patients. Nutrition in Clinical Practice, 30(2), 203–209. https://doi.org/10.1177/0884533615572654 Hess, L., & Crossen, J. (2008). Pediatric Nutrition Handbook (3rd ed.). Cincinnati Children’s.  Mehta, N. M., Skillman, H. E., Irving, S. Y., Coss-Bu, J. A., Vermilyea, S., Farrington, E. A., McKeever, L., Hall, A. M., Goday, P. S., & Braunschweig, C. (2017). Guidelines for the provision and assessment of Nutrition Support Therapy in the pediatric critically ill patient: Society of Critical Care Medicine and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, 18(7), 675–715. https://doi.org/10.1097/pcc.0000000000001134 Panchal, A. K., Manzi, J., Connolly, S., Christensen, M., Wakeham, M., Goday, P. S., & Mikhailov, T. A. (2014). Safety of enteral feedings in critically ill children receiving vasoactive agents. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 40(2), 236–241. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148607114546533 Yi, Dae Young. (2018). Enteral nutrition in pediatric patients. Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, 21(1), 12-19. http://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2018.21.1.12

Meditation begins at 2:00.  This 5-minute meditation for pediatric providers is designed to help you center your day before your work to boost your wellness, improve resilience, and connect better with yourself, your patients, and your colleagues. First we’ll create a peaceful environment and establish the ground rules of meditation, then get your body into position. The guided meditation takes you through 5 minutes of breath to help you calm your mind and body while making room for empathy and patience. No judgment, but lots of kindness and compassion for your thoughts and feelings. The session ends by bringing body and mind back into your space and showing gratitude for the practice. Use this meditation every day before you go to work with infants, children, adolescents, and young adults to improve your wellness and their outcomes.  Welcome to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This series was created and peer-reviewed by national leaders in acute care PNP education collaborating with one another to meet the needs of our current and future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.    This episode reviews the features of a patient presentation in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and goes in depth on how learners can incorporate trends, new findings, and summaries into a succinct discussion in family-centered rounds. After an introduction with some general best practices, the guide begins with effective pre-rounding and progresses to the step-by-step components of a PICU patient presentation. The template describes each component’s contents in detail, followed immediately by an example to demonstrate the practical application of each concept… “It might sound something like this:”... This episode is a valuable tool for any pediatric provider seeking to increase their skills in succinct synthesis and patient presentations, regardless of clinical setting.   This episode was peer reviewed by The Peds NP faculty series peer review team. You can read about our novel and scholarly approach to peer review, review our faculty lineup, and learn more about the series, competency mapping, references, and show notes at www.thepedsnp.com. There was no financial support or conflicts of interest to report. Follow me on Instagram @thepedsnppodcast.  Email me at thepedsnp@gmail.com.  Remember that this isn’t just a podcast, you’re listening for the kids.   Authors (alphabetical): Jackie Calhoun, DNP, CRNP, CPNP-AC, CCRN, Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Lena Oliveros, MSN, CPNP-AC, Priscila Reid, DNP, APRN, FNP-C, CPNP-AC Peer Review: This episode was peer reviewed using a modified revised METRIQ (rMETRIQ) Score. Learn more about The Peds NP's formal peer review process at www.thepedsnp.com/peerreview rMETRIQ Score: 15/15 What does this score mean? This episode underwent a quality assurance process using formal peer review and achieved the top scores based on established quality criteria for podcasts. Financial disclosures/conflicts of interest: None Connect with The Peds NP email: thepedsnp@gmail.com Instagram: @thepedsnppodcast References: The Meditation Initiative. (nd). 5 minute guided meditation script. https://meditationinitiative.org/5-minute-meditation-script Mindful. (2024). How to start your day with meditation. https://www.mindful.org/how-to-start-your-day-with-meditation/

Welcome back to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This series was created and peer-reviewed by national leaders in acute care PNP education collaborating with one another to meet the needs of our current and future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.  This episode explores wellness for the pediatric nurse practitioner. We first discuss burnout in terms of its physical and mental impact on the provider as well as poorer patient outcomes and healthcare systems burdens. After we identify symptoms of burnout and compassion fatigue, we’ll discuss what wellness looks like in various systems at work from organizational culture of wellness to ease of daily work and finally personal resilience. We end with a discussion on self-compassion and introduce the evidence in support of meditation as a strategy to promote mind-body wellness. For some, this concept is new, so the technical aspects of meditation are unpacked to facilitate your own path to daily wellness. This episode pairs well with the 5-minute meditation for pediatric providers.    Authors: Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Bridget Sullivan Garmisa, MSN, MS, CRNP, RD Welcome to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This series was created and peer-reviewed by national leaders in acute care PNP education collaborating with one another to meet the needs of our current and future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.    This episode reviews the features of a patient presentation in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and goes in depth on how learners can incorporate trends, new findings, and summaries into a succinct discussion in family-centered rounds. After an introduction with some general best practices, the guide begins with effective pre-rounding and progresses to the step-by-step components of a PICU patient presentation. The template describes each component’s contents in detail, followed immediately by an example to demonstrate the practical application of each concept… “It might sound something like this:”... This episode is a valuable tool for any pediatric provider seeking to increase their skills in succinct synthesis and patient presentations, regardless of clinical setting.   This episode was peer reviewed by The Peds NP faculty series peer review team. You can read about our novel and scholarly approach to peer review, review our faculty lineup, and learn more about the series, competency mapping, references, and show notes at www.thepedsnp.com. There was no financial support or conflicts of interest to report. Follow me on Instagram @thepedsnppodcast.  Email me at thepedsnp@gmail.com.  Remember that this isn’t just a podcast, you’re listening for the kids.   Authors (alphabetical): Jackie Calhoun, DNP, CRNP, CPNP-AC, CCRN, Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Lena Oliveros, MSN, CPNP-AC, Priscila Reid, DNP, APRN, FNP-C, CPNP-AC Peer Review: This episode was peer reviewed using a modified revised METRIQ (rMETRIQ) Score. Learn more about The Peds NP's formal peer review process at www.thepedsnp.com/peerreview rMETRIQ Score: 15/15 What does this score mean? This episode underwent a quality assurance process using formal peer review and achieved the top scores based on established quality criteria for podcasts. Financial disclosures/conflicts of interest: None Connect with The Peds NP email: thepedsnp@gmail.com Instagram: @thepedsnppodcast References: Berwick, D. M., Nolan, T. W., & Whittington, J. (2008). The triple aim: care, health, and cost. Health affairs (Project Hope), 27(3), 759–769. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.27.3.759 Chan, G. K., Kuriakose, C., Blacker, A., Harshman, J., Kim, S., Jordan, L., & Shanafelt, T. D. (2021). An organizational initiative to assess and improve well-being in advanced practice providers. Journal of Interprofessional Education & Practice, 25, 100469-. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjep.2021.100469 Green, A. A., & Kinchen, E. V. (2021). The Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Stress and Burnout in Nurses. Journal of holistic nursing : official journal of the American Holistic Nurses' Association, 39(4), 356–368. https://doi.org/10.1177/08980101211015818 Kabat-Zinn, J. (2005). Wherever You Go There You are (10th ed.). Hyperion Kriakous, S. A., Elliott, K. A., Lamers, C., & Owen, R. (2021). The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on the Psychological Functioning of Healthcare Professionals: a Systematic Review. Mindfulness, 12(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01500-9 Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (2004). Areas of worklife: A structured approach to organizational predictors of job burnout. In P. L. Perrewé & D. C. Ganster (Eds.), Emotional and physiological processes and positive intervention strategies (pp. 91–134). Elsevier Science/JAI Press. Lennon, Y. (2023). The quintuple aim: What it is and why does it matter? Chess Health Solutions. https://www.chesshealthsolutions.com/2023/08/01/the-quintuple-aim-what-is-it-and-why-does-it-matter/#:~:text=The%20Quintuple%20Aim%20is%20an,system%20to%20establish%20health%20equity. Makary, M. A., & Daniel, M. (2016). Medical error-the third leading cause of death in the US. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 353, i2139. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i2139 Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual review of psychology, 52, 397–422. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397 National Wellness Institute. (2024). NWI’s six dimensions of wellness. https://nationalwellness.org/resources/six-dimensions-of-wellness/#:~:text=Wellness%20is%20a%20conscious%2C%20self,a%20long%20and%20healthy%20life. Neff, K. D. (2023). Self-Compassion: Theory, Method, Research, and Intervention. Annual Review of Psychology, 74(1), 193–218. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-032420-031047 Panagioti, M., Khan, K., Keers, R. N., Abuzour, A., Phipps, D., Kontopantelis, E., Bower, P., Campbell, S., Haneef, R., Avery, A. J., & Ashcroft, D. M. (2019). Prevalence, severity, and nature of preventable patient harm across medical care settings: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 366, l4185. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l4185 Peters E. (2018). Compassion fatigue in nursing: A concept analysis. Nursing forum, 53(4), 466–480. https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12274 Shanafelt, T. D., & Noseworthy, J. H. (2017). Executive Leadership and Physician Well-being: Nine Organizational Strategies to Promote Engagement and Reduce Burnout. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 92(1), 129–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.10.004 Shanafelt, T. D., Larson, D., Bohman, B., Roberts, R., Trockel, M., Weinlander, E., Springer, J., Wang, H., Stolz, S., & Murphy, D. (2023). Organization-Wide Approaches to Foster Effective Unit-Level Efforts to Improve Clinician Well-Being. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 98(1), 163–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2022.10.031

Welcome to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This collaborative series was created and peer-reviewed by national experts and leaders in acute care PNP education to meet the needs of our current and future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.    This episode applies the concepts from the prior episode on “Delivering Bad News” (S11 Ep. 71) to a few examples where HIV status was disclosed to a pediatric patient. After reflection and discussion of a few ethical principles important to consent/assent, it’s time to practice delivering bad news in a case study. An unfolding case poses questions to get you thinking about what you might say. Make it interactive by pausing your podcast and answer the question yourself. The case walks you step-by-step through the process of delivering bad news to a child and their family using the SPIKES protocol. There's no perfect answer, but this example helps to prepare you for competency-based learning, so that you’re ready to deliver bad news in practice.   Authors (alphabetical): Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Ann Felauer, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Belinda Large, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, and Robyn Stamm, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC Welcome to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This series was created and peer-reviewed by national leaders in acute care PNP education collaborating with one another to meet the needs of our current and future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.    This episode reviews the features of a patient presentation in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and goes in depth on how learners can incorporate trends, new findings, and summaries into a succinct discussion in family-centered rounds. After an introduction with some general best practices, the guide begins with effective pre-rounding and progresses to the step-by-step components of a PICU patient presentation. The template describes each component’s contents in detail, followed immediately by an example to demonstrate the practical application of each concept… “It might sound something like this:”... This episode is a valuable tool for any pediatric provider seeking to increase their skills in succinct synthesis and patient presentations, regardless of clinical setting.   This episode was peer reviewed by The Peds NP faculty series peer review team. You can read about our novel and scholarly approach to peer review, review our faculty lineup, and learn more about the series, competency mapping, references, and show notes at www.thepedsnp.com. There was no financial support or conflicts of interest to report. Follow me on Instagram @thepedsnppodcast.  Email me at thepedsnp@gmail.com.  Remember that this isn’t just a podcast, you’re listening for the kids.   Authors (alphabetical): Jackie Calhoun, DNP, CRNP, CPNP-AC, CCRN, Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Lena Oliveros, MSN, CPNP-AC, Priscila Reid, DNP, APRN, FNP-C, CPNP-AC Peer Review: This episode was peer reviewed using a modified revised METRIQ (rMETRIQ) Score. Learn more about The Peds NP's formal peer review process at www.thepedsnp.com/peerreview rMETRIQ Score: 15/15 What does this score mean? This episode underwent a quality assurance process using formal peer review and achieved the top scores based on established quality criteria for podcasts. Financial disclosures/conflicts of interest: None Connect with The Peds NP email: thepedsnp@gmail.com Instagram: @thepedsnppodcast References Brouwer, M. A., Maeckelberghe, E. L. M., van der Heide, A., Hein, I. M., & Verhagen, E. A. A. E. (2021). Breaking bad news: what parents would like you to know. Archives of disease in childhood, 106(3), 276–281. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-318398  Cassim, S., Kidd, J., Keenan, R., Middleton, K., Rolleston, A., Hokowhitu, B., Firth, M., Aitken, D., Wong, J., & Lawrenson, R. (2021). Indigenous perspectives on breaking bad news: ethical considerations for healthcare providers. Journal of medical ethics, medethics-2020-106916. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2020-106916 Field, M.J. & Behrman, R.E. (2003). When Children Die: Improving Palliative and End-of-Life Care for Children and Their Families. Chapter 4 communication, goal setting, and care   planning. Committee on Palliative and End-of-Life Care for Children and Their Families. Institute of Medicine (US) Holmes, S. N., & Illing, J. (2021). Breaking bad news: tackling cultural dilemmas. BMJ supportive & palliative care, 11(2), 128–132. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2020-002700 Kaplan, M. (2010). SPIKES: A framework for breaking bad news to patients with cancer. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 14(4), 514-516.                   https://cjon.ons.org/cjon/14/4/spikes-framework-breaking-bad-news-patients-cancer Kumar, V., & Sarkhel, S. (2023). Clinical Practice Guidelines on Breaking Bad News. Indian journal of psychiatry, 65(2), 238–244. https://doi.org/10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_498_22 Labaf, A., Jahanshir, A., Baradaran, H., & Shahvaraninasab, A. (2015). Is it appropriate to use Western guidelines for breaking bad news in non-Western emergency departments? A patients’ perspective. Clinical Ethics, 10(1–2), 13–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477750915581797 Monden, K. R., Gentry, L., & Cox, T. R. (2016). Delivering bad news to patients. Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center), 29(1), 101–102. https://doi.org/10.1080/08998280.2016.11929380 Mostafavian, Z., Shaye, Z. A., & Farajpour, A. (2018). Mothers' preferences toward breaking bad news about their children cancer. Journal of family medicine and primary care, 7(3), 596–600. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_342_17

Welcome back to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This collaborative series was created and peer-reviewed by national experts and leaders in acute care PNP education. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a learner can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach in a conversational way so that you can learn the nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.  This episode discusses a standardized approach to delivering bad news, founded in the literature. The SPIKES protocol is the most well recognized approach to create an environment, assess patient and family knowledge and preferences, deliver the news compassionately, and empathize prior to a summary. With examples of phrasing you can offer at each step, you’ll gain the skills necessary to deliver bad news.  Authors (alphabetical): Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Ann Felauer, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Belinda Large, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, and Robyn Stamm, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC Welcome to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This series was created and peer-reviewed by national leaders in acute care PNP education collaborating with one another to meet the needs of our current and future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.    This episode reviews the features of a patient presentation in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and goes in depth on how learners can incorporate trends, new findings, and summaries into a succinct discussion in family-centered rounds. After an introduction with some general best practices, the guide begins with effective pre-rounding and progresses to the step-by-step components of a PICU patient presentation. The template describes each component’s contents in detail, followed immediately by an example to demonstrate the practical application of each concept… “It might sound something like this:”... This episode is a valuable tool for any pediatric provider seeking to increase their skills in succinct synthesis and patient presentations, regardless of clinical setting.   This episode was peer reviewed by The Peds NP faculty series peer review team. You can read about our novel and scholarly approach to peer review, review our faculty lineup, and learn more about the series, competency mapping, references, and show notes at www.thepedsnp.com. There was no financial support or conflicts of interest to report. Follow me on Instagram @thepedsnppodcast.  Email me at thepedsnp@gmail.com.  Remember that this isn’t just a podcast, you’re listening for the kids.   Authors (alphabetical): Jackie Calhoun, DNP, CRNP, CPNP-AC, CCRN, Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Lena Oliveros, MSN, CPNP-AC, Priscila Reid, DNP, APRN, FNP-C, CPNP-AC Peer Review: This episode was peer reviewed using a modified revised METRIQ (rMETRIQ) Score. Learn more about The Peds NP's formal peer review process at www.thepedsnp.com/peerreview rMETRIQ Score: 15/15 What does this score mean? This episode underwent a quality assurance process using formal peer review and achieved the top scores based on established quality criteria for podcasts. Financial disclosures/conflicts of interest: None Connect with The Peds NP email: thepedsnp@gmail.com Instagram: @thepedsnppodcast References: Brouwer, M. A., Maeckelberghe, E. L. M., van der Heide, A., Hein, I. M., & Verhagen, E. A. A. E. (2021). Breaking bad news: what parents would like you to know. Archives of disease in childhood, 106(3), 276–281. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-318398 Buckman R. (1984). Breaking bad news: why is it still so difficult?. British medical journal (Clinical research ed.), 288(6430), 1597–1599. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.288.6430.1597 Buckman R. (2001). Communication skills in palliative care: a practical guide. Neurologic clinics, 19(4), 989–1004. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70057-8 Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Palliative and End-of-Life Care for Children and Their Families, Field, M. J., & Behrman, R. E. (Eds.). (2003). When Children Die: Improving Palliative and End-of-Life Care for Children and Their Families. Chapter 4 communication, goal setting, and care planning. National Academies Press (US).  Kaplan M. (2010). SPIKES: a framework for breaking bad news to patients with cancer. Clinical journal of oncology nursing, 14(4), 514–516. https://doi.org/10.1188/10.CJON.514-516  Ptacek, J. T., & Eberhardt, T. L. (1996). Breaking bad news. A review of the literature. JAMA, 276(6), 496–502. Sisk, B., Frankel, R., Kodish, E., & Harry Isaacson, J. (2016). The Truth about Truth-Telling in American Medicine: A Brief History. The Permanente journal, 20(3), 15–219. https://doi.org/10.7812/TPP/15-219 Varkey B. (2021). Principles of Clinical Ethics and Their Application to Practice. Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre, 30(1), 17–28. https://doi.org/10.1159/000509119  

Welcome back to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This series was created and peer-reviewed by national leaders in acute care PNP education collaborating with one another to meet the needs of our current and future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.    For many scholars, the poster and its prerequisite abstract are the first product of dissemination of their work. This episode guides the new scholar through the entire process– from selecting a conference destination, writing the abstract in a concise manner, creation of the poster, and the poster session at the conference. Key pearls and pitfalls of abstract submission, the use of artificial intelligence, and your final poster presentation complete the beginner’s guide to dissemination.    This episode was peer reviewed by The Peds NP faculty series peer review team. You can read about our novel and scholarly approach to peer review, review our faculty lineup, and learn more about the series, competency mapping, references, and show notes at www.thepedsnp.com. There was no financial support or conflicts of interest to report. Follow me on Instagram @thepedsnppodcast.  Email me at thepedsnp@gmail.com.  Remember that this isn’t just a podcast, you’re listening for the kids.   Authors: (alphabetical) Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC and Mike Maymi, DNP, APRN, CPNP-AC, CCRN, CNE Welcome to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This series was created and peer-reviewed by national leaders in acute care PNP education collaborating with one another to meet the needs of our current and future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.    This episode reviews the features of a patient presentation in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and goes in depth on how learners can incorporate trends, new findings, and summaries into a succinct discussion in family-centered rounds. After an introduction with some general best practices, the guide begins with effective pre-rounding and progresses to the step-by-step components of a PICU patient presentation. The template describes each component’s contents in detail, followed immediately by an example to demonstrate the practical application of each concept… “It might sound something like this:”... This episode is a valuable tool for any pediatric provider seeking to increase their skills in succinct synthesis and patient presentations, regardless of clinical setting.   This episode was peer reviewed by The Peds NP faculty series peer review team. You can read about our novel and scholarly approach to peer review, review our faculty lineup, and learn more about the series, competency mapping, references, and show notes at www.thepedsnp.com. There was no financial support or conflicts of interest to report. Follow me on Instagram @thepedsnppodcast.  Email me at thepedsnp@gmail.com.  Remember that this isn’t just a podcast, you’re listening for the kids.   Authors (alphabetical): Jackie Calhoun, DNP, CRNP, CPNP-AC, CCRN, Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Lena Oliveros, MSN, CPNP-AC, Priscila Reid, DNP, APRN, FNP-C, CPNP-AC Peer Review: This episode was peer reviewed using a modified revised METRIQ (rMETRIQ) Score. Learn more about The Peds NP's formal peer review process at www.thepedsnp.com/peerreview rMETRIQ Score: 15/15 What does this score mean? This episode underwent a quality assurance process using formal peer review and achieved the top scores based on established quality criteria for podcasts. Financial disclosures/conflicts of interest: None Connect with The Peds NP email: thepedsnp@gmail.com Instagram: @thepedsnppodcast References: Barker, E., & Phillips, V.. (2021). Creating conference posters: Structure, form and content. Journal of Perioperative Practice, 31(7-8), 296–299. https://doi.org/10.1177/1750458921996254 Dave, T., Athaluri, S. A., & Singh, S. (2023). ChatGPT in medicine: an overview of its applications, advantages, limitations, future prospects, and ethical considerations. Frontiers in artificial intelligence, 6, 1169595. https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2023.1169595 Drury, A., Pape, E., Dowling, M., Miguel, S., Fernández-Ortega, P., Papadopoulou, C., & Kotronoulas, G. (2023). How to Write a Comprehensive and Informative Research Abstract. Seminars in oncology nursing, 39(2), 151395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soncn.2023.151395 Freysteinson, W. M., & Stankus, J. A. (2019). The Language of Scholarship: How to Write an Abstract That Tells a Compelling Story. Journal of continuing education in nursing, 50(3), 107–108. https://doi.org/10.3928/00220124-20190218-04

Welcome back to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This series was created and peer-edited by national leaders in acute care PNP education collaborating with one another to meet the needs of our current and future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.    This episode guides the novice pediatric provider on creations of an acute care differential diagnosis. It starts with a story about a Southerner in a snowstorm and the unfortunate car problem that resulted from an unexpected guest in the engine. A clear parallel ties the mechanic’s diagnosis with a few amateur onomatopoeias (“clunk, clunk, clunk”) with the skills needed to form illness scripts and develop differentials. A brief case study on an adolescent with acidosis introduces the idea of broad differential formation and the importance of a complete evaluation before diagnoses are eliminated. Medical decision-making is difficult, and a systematic approach to differential diagnosis formation is essential. The episode uses simple examples to help listeners apply the concepts and form a differential in real time. The discussion covers the importance of careful accrual of information, initial differential creation using a systematic approach, how to narrow your differential based on key findings of the assessment, and how to approach an open-ended differential honestly with families while avoiding cognitive bias. With the understanding that, “disease exists on a continuum that evolves and we see the patient at a snapshot in time,” the episode offers a step by step guide on how to build a differential. Classic mantras of The Peds NP are finally explained and tied to the development of your acute care differential. Every novice needs to listen to this episode before ever stepping foot in the clinical setting to be prepared for diagnostic reasoning and the process of narrowing your differential.   This episode was peer reviewed by The Peds NP faculty series peer review team. You can read about our novel and scholarly approach to peer review, review our faculty lineup, and learn more about the series, competency mapping, references, and show notes at www.thepedsnp.com. There was no financial support or conflicts of interest to report. Follow me on Instagram @thepedsnppodcast.  Email me at thepedsnp@gmail.com.  Remember that this isn’t just a podcast, you’re listening for the kids.   Authors (alphabetical):  Aimee Bucci DNP, APRN, CPNP-AC, Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, & Dani Sebbens, DNP, CPNP-PC/AC Welcome to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This series was created and peer-reviewed by national leaders in acute care PNP education collaborating with one another to meet the needs of our current and future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.    This episode reviews the features of a patient presentation in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and goes in depth on how learners can incorporate trends, new findings, and summaries into a succinct discussion in family-centered rounds. After an introduction with some general best practices, the guide begins with effective pre-rounding and progresses to the step-by-step components of a PICU patient presentation. The template describes each component’s contents in detail, followed immediately by an example to demonstrate the practical application of each concept… “It might sound something like this:”... This episode is a valuable tool for any pediatric provider seeking to increase their skills in succinct synthesis and patient presentations, regardless of clinical setting.   This episode was peer reviewed by The Peds NP faculty series peer review team. You can read about our novel and scholarly approach to peer review, review our faculty lineup, and learn more about the series, competency mapping, references, and show notes at www.thepedsnp.com. There was no financial support or conflicts of interest to report. Follow me on Instagram @thepedsnppodcast.  Email me at thepedsnp@gmail.com.  Remember that this isn’t just a podcast, you’re listening for the kids.   Authors (alphabetical): Jackie Calhoun, DNP, CRNP, CPNP-AC, CCRN, Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Lena Oliveros, MSN, CPNP-AC, Priscila Reid, DNP, APRN, FNP-C, CPNP-AC Peer Review: This episode was peer reviewed using a modified revised METRIQ (rMETRIQ) Score. Learn more about The Peds NP's formal peer review process at www.thepedsnp.com/peerreview rMETRIQ Score: 15/15 What does this score mean? This episode underwent a quality assurance process using formal peer review and achieved the top scores based on established quality criteria for podcasts. Financial disclosures/conflicts of interest: None Connect with The Peds NP email: thepedsnp@gmail.com Instagram: @thepedsnppodcast References: Balogh, E. P., Miller, B. T., Ball, J. R., Committee on Diagnostic Error in Health Care, Board on Health Care Services, Institute of Medicine, & The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (Eds.). (2015). Improving Diagnosis in Health Care. National Academies Press (US). Brennan, M.M (2020). Teaching strategy 1: cultivating diagnostic decision-making with problem based learning: from most likely to least likely. Innovative Strategies in Teaching Nursing. doi: 10.1891/9780826161215 Carson, R. A., & Lyles, J. L. (2024). Cognitive Bias in an Infant with Constipation. The Journal of pediatrics, 113996. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2024.113996 Hammond, M. E. H., Stehlik, J., Drakos, S. G., & Kfoury, A. G. (2021). Bias in Medicine: Lessons Learned and Mitigation Strategies. JACC. Basic to translational science, 6(1), 78–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.07.012Marshall, T. L., Rinke, M. L., Olson, A. P. J., & Brady, P. W. (2022). Diagnostic Error in Pediatrics: A Narrative Review. Pediatrics, 149(Suppl 3), e2020045948D. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-045948D Marshall, T. L., Rinke, M. L., Olson, A. P. J., & Brady, P. W. (2022). Diagnostic Error in Pediatrics: A Narrative Review. Pediatrics, 149(Suppl 3), e2020045948D. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-045948D Smith, S.K., Benbenek, M.M., Bakker, C.J., & Bockwoldt, D. (2022). Scoping review: diagnostic reasoning as a component of clinical reasoning in the U.S. primary care nurse practitioner education. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 78:3869-3896. doi: 10.1111/jan.15414  

Welcome to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This collaborative series was created and peer-reviewed by national experts and leaders in acute care PNP education to meet the needs of our current and future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a conversational approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.  This episode welcomes the acute care PNP student to clinical, where you’ll learn important bedside lessons that apply your knowledge to practical situations. Our faculty offered advice on preparation, clinical rotation best practices, and how to finish the rotation successfully. There are key pearls and pitfalls to guide the student toward gaining competency in their newfound skills. We acknowledge those pesky doubts that cause imposter syndrome, and encourage the role of the learner. Through it all, your clinical is what you make of it, and you can be confident that you have the skills to competently enter a new role. This episode was peer reviewed by The Peds NP faculty series peer review team. You can read about our novel and scholarly approach to peer review, review our faculty lineup, and learn more about the series, competency mapping, references, and show notes at www.thepedsnp.com. There was no financial support or conflicts of interest to report. Follow me on Instagram @thepedsnppodcast.  Email me at thepedsnp@gmail.com.  Remember that this isn’t just a podcast, you’re listening for the kids.   Authors (alphabetical): Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Brittany Christiansen, PhD, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, FNP-C, AE-C, CNE, Julie Kuzin, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Priscila Reid, DNP, FNP-C, CPNP-AC, Dani Sebbens, DNP, CPNP-AC/PC Welcome to The Peds NP Acute Care Faculty series! This series was created and peer-reviewed by national leaders in acute care PNP education collaborating with one another to meet the needs of our current and future colleagues. In the push for competency-based education where faculty verify the skills of what a student can do, rather than their knowledge, our series focuses on the application of didactic content with a practical approach so that you can learn nuances of clinical skills before you reach the bedside.    This episode reviews the features of a patient presentation in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and goes in depth on how learners can incorporate trends, new findings, and summaries into a succinct discussion in family-centered rounds. After an introduction with some general best practices, the guide begins with effective pre-rounding and progresses to the step-by-step components of a PICU patient presentation. The template describes each component’s contents in detail, followed immediately by an example to demonstrate the practical application of each concept… “It might sound something like this:”... This episode is a valuable tool for any pediatric provider seeking to increase their skills in succinct synthesis and patient presentations, regardless of clinical setting.   This episode was peer reviewed by The Peds NP faculty series peer review team. You can read about our novel and scholarly approach to peer review, review our faculty lineup, and learn more about the series, competency mapping, references, and show notes at www.thepedsnp.com. There was no financial support or conflicts of interest to report. Follow me on Instagram @thepedsnppodcast.  Email me at thepedsnp@gmail.com.  Remember that this isn’t just a podcast, you’re listening for the kids.   Authors (alphabetical): Jackie Calhoun, DNP, CRNP, CPNP-AC, CCRN, Becky Carson, DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC/AC, Lena Oliveros, MSN, CPNP-AC, Priscila Reid, DNP, APRN, FNP-C, CPNP-AC Peer Review: This episode was peer reviewed using a modified revised METRIQ (rMETRIQ) Score. Learn more about The Peds NP's formal peer review process at www.thepedsnp.com/peerreview rMETRIQ Score: 15/15 What does this score mean? This episode underwent a quality assurance process using formal peer review and achieved the top scores based on established quality criteria for podcasts. Financial disclosures/conflicts of interest: None Connect with The Peds NP email: thepedsnp@gmail.com Instagram: @thepedsnppodcast References: Carley, A., & Garrett, L. (2022). Supporting Role Knowledge and Role Transition in Neonatal APRN Students. Neonatal network : NN, 41(3), 168–171. https://doi.org/10.1891/11-T-752 Clance, P. R., & Imes, S. A. (1978). The imposter phenomenon in high achieving women: Dynamics and therapeutic intervention. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice, 15(3), 241–247. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0086006 Edwards-Maddox S. Burnout and impostor phenomenon in nursing and newly licensed registered nurses: A scoping review. J Clin Nurs. 2023 Mar;32(5-6):653-665. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16475. Epub 2022 Aug 2. PMID: 35918887. Lee, T., Lee, S. J., Yoon, Y. S., Ji, H., Yoon, S., Lee, S., & Ji, Y. (2023). Personal Factors and Clinical Learning Environment as Predictors of Nursing Students' Readiness for Practice: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis. Asian nursing research, 17(1), 44–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2023.01.003 Scanlan JM, Laurencelle F, Plohman J. Understanding the impostor phenomenon in graduate nursing students. Int J Nurs Educ Scholarsh. 2023 Dec 7;20(1). doi: 10.1515/ijnes-2022-0058. PMID: 38053510. White, A., & Rivera, L. (2023). Increasing Student Confidence Prior to an Obstetric Clinical Practicum. Nurse educator, 48(6), E195. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNE.0000000000001381

At the peak of respiratory virus season, bronchiolitis is one of the most common presentations in infants and young toddlers. The characteristic wheeze and prolonged duration of illness can be distressing for parents, who may lack the practical knowledge of how to effectively implement supportive care. When the mainstay of treatment is supportive care without any single curative intervention, you need to be able to discuss the etiology, management, and anticipatory guidance on a level that the parents can understand. This episode introduces the idea of capacity-building family-centered care and takes a granular, detailed approach to improving family understanding and home care education so that you can facilitate better evidence-based care in the unrestricted environment of the home. By arming parents with the knowledge and skills needed to care for their infant at home and the clear, objective return criteria, you’re providing family-centered care and reducing unnecessary visits.    Instagram: @thepedsnppodcast Show notes and references thepedsnp.com Disclaimer   References Justice NA, Le JK. Bronchiolitis. [Updated 2023 Jun 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441959/ Rha, B., Curns, A. T., Lively, J. Y., Campbell, A. P., Englund, J. A., Boom, J. A., Azimi, P. H., Weinberg, G. A., Staat, M. A., Selvarangan, R., Halasa, N. B., McNeal, M. M., Klein, E. J., Harrison, C. J., Williams, J. V., Szilagyi, P. G., Singer, M. N., Sahni, L. C., Figueroa-Downing, D., McDaniel, D., … Gerber, S. I. (2020). Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalizations Among Young Children: 2015-2016. Pediatrics, 146(1), e20193611. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2019-3611 Suh, M., Movva, N., Jiang, X., Bylsma, L. C., Reichert, H., Fryzek, J. P., & Nelson, C. B. (2022). Respiratory Syncytial Virus Is the Leading Cause of United States Infant Hospitalizations, 2009-2019: A Study of the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample. The Journal of infectious diseases, 226(Suppl 2), S154–S163. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac120

In the eighth and final episode of the Health Equity in Pediatrics podcast series, the epilogue begins with my inspiration for the series, shares some parting sentiments, and discusses the results and conclusions of the cross-sectional study published in the special DEIB edition of Journal of Pediatric Health Care (March/April 2024). I’ll rewind to my childhood and walk you down the cobblestone brick paths of my hometown, the book that changed my perspective, and the words that helped a podcast create allies. I’ll share the results of the international series and post-survey cross-sectional study. The conclusions will fuel your soul about the series’ impact on listeners and implications for DEI education standardization. Now that you’ve listened, you can be confident that you can make a difference in the equitable care experienced by your patients. After touring the country talking about podcasting and health equity in pediatrics, I’m headed for one last stop in Denver. You’re invited to join me on March 13 at the NAPNAP national conference session 117 for “Scholarly Podcasting 101” where you can learn about quality standards and technology in podcasting, help decide the future of The Peds NP, and envision your own podcast. Disclaimer: This series was supported by the North Carolina Chapter of the National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners (NAPNAP) Dr. Rasheeda Monroe Health Equity grant whose mission is to support research and quality improvement aimed at improving health equity among infants, children, and adolescents. The content of this episode reflects my views and does not necessarily represent, nor is an endorsement of, NC NAPNAP or the Dr. Rasheeda Monroe Health Equity grant.  For more information, please community.napnap.org/northcarolinachapter References Carson, R.A., Sobolewski, B., & Bowen, F. (2024). Evaluating a health equity podcast for provider practice change: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, in press. Kapur, G. (2021). To drink from the well: The struggle for equality at the nation’s oldest public university. Blair/Carolina Wren Press.

Nirsevimab is the new FDA-approved monoclonal antibody RSV vaccine for the prevention of severe lower respiratory illness in infants. In this episode, we discuss the current recommendations on who gets the vaccine and when, how to use a lens of health equity to approach the current vaccine shortages, and how to discuss safety and efficacy with vaccine hesitant parents. Now that nirsevimab is on the routine infant immunization schedule, it’s extremely important and pediatric providers understand the recommendations and science behind the monoclonal antibody to help vaccine acceptance that will undoubtedly reduce bronchiolitis hospitalization. Instagram: @thepedsnppodcast Show notes and references thepedsnp.com Disclaimer   References: CDC Health Alert Network. (2023). Limited availability of nirsevimab in the United States—Interim CDC recommendations to protect infants from Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) during the 2023–2024 respiratory virus season. Emergency Preparedness and Response. https://emergency.cdc.gov/han/2023/han00499.asp?c Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). Frequently asked questions about RSV immunization with monoclonal antibody for children 19 months and younger. Vaccines and Preventable Diseases. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/rsv/hcp/child-faqs.html Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Vaccines for Children Program. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/programs/vfc/index.html Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). General best practice guidelines for immunization. Vaccine Recommendations and the Guidelines of the ACIP. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/general-recs/index.html Jones, J. M., Fleming-Dutra, K. E., Prill, M. M., Roper, L. E., Brooks, O., Sánchez, P. J., Kotton, C. N., Mahon, B. E., Meyer, S., Long, S. S., & McMorrow, M. L. (2023). Use of Nirsevimab for the Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease Among Infants and Young Children: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2023. MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 72(34), 920–925. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7234a4 Hill, D., & Parga-Belinkie, J. (Host). (2023, August 29). Immunizations special: RSV, Covid, pneumococcal disease, influenza (No. 170) [Audio podcast episode]. In Pediatrics on call. American Academy of Pediatrics. www.aap.org/podcast Rha, B., Curns, A. T., Lively, J. Y., Campbell, A. P., Englund, J. A., Boom, J. A., Azimi, P. H., Weinberg, G. A., Staat, M. A., Selvarangan, R., Halasa, N. B., McNeal, M. M., Klein, E. J., Harrison, C. J., Williams, J. V., Szilagyi, P. G., Singer, M. N., Sahni, L. C., Figueroa-Downing, D., McDaniel, D., … Gerber, S. I. (2020). Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalizations Among Young Children: 2015-2016. Pediatrics, 146(1), e20193611. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2019-3611 Suh, M., Movva, N., Jiang, X., Bylsma, L. C., Reichert, H., Fryzek, J. P., & Nelson, C. B. (2022). Respiratory Syncytial Virus Is the Leading Cause of United States Infant Hospitalizations, 2009-2019: A Study of the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample. The Journal of infectious diseases, 226(Suppl 2), S154–S163. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac120

Mental health is one of the greatest health risks encountered by children and adolescents in today’s world.  Stigma can be one of the biggest barriers to children being evaluated and treated for mental health problems, particularly in communities that are marginalized.  In the final episode of the miniseries on Health Equity in Children, we bring mental health into your everyday conversations to diminish stigma and give mental health the time it deserves to help your patients grow up happy and healthy. Want to make a bigger difference in health equity? Complete an anonymous survey here after you listen to the episode or visit www.thepedsnp.com and click the “Complete a Survey” button at the top of the page. The responses will provide greater insight into how podcasts impact education and behavior through microlearning of health equity concepts. After you complete a survey, you’ll receive a separate link to enter your email to a raffle for a $15 Amazon gift card.  Winners will be chosen at random and notified by email one week after the original publication date. This raffle was made possible by grant funding from the sources below.  Disclaimer: This series was supported by the North Carolina Chapter of the National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners (NAPNAP) Dr. Rasheeda Monroe Health Equity grant whose mission is to support research and quality improvement aimed at improving health equity among infants, children, and adolescents. The content of this episode reflects my views and does not necessarily represent, nor is an endorsement of, NC NAPNAP or the Dr. Rasheeda Monroe Health Equity grant.  For more information, please community.napnap.org/northcarolinachapter. References Bureau of Health Workforce, Health Resources and Services Administration, U. S. Department of Health & Human Services. (2019). Designated health professional shortage areas statistics. Retrieved from https://bhw.hrsa.gov/shortage-designa tion/hpsa-criteria Cotton, N. K., & Shim, R. S. (2022). Social Determinants of Health, Structural Racism, and the Impact on Child and Adolescent Mental Health. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 61(11), 1385–1389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2022.04.020 Cross, T. L. (1989). Towards a culturally competent system of care: A monograph on effective services for minority children who are severely emotionally disturbed. Harris, T. B., Udoetuk, S. C., Webb, S., Tatem, A., Nutile, L. M., & Al-Mateen, C. S. (2020). Achieving Mental Health Equity: Children and Adolescents. The Psychiatric clinics of North America, 43(3), 471–485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2020.06.001 Nápoles-Springer, A. M., Santoyo, J., Houston, K., Pérez-Stable, E. J., & Stewart, A. L. (2005). Patients' perceptions of cultural factors affecting the quality of their medical encounters. Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy, 8(1), 4–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1369-7625.2004.00298.x National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners, Developmental and Behavioral Health Special Interest Group, Frye, L., Van Cleve, S., Heighway, S., & Johnson-Smith, A. (2020). NAPNAP position statement on the integration of mental health care in pediatric primary care settings. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 34(5), p. 514-517, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedhc.2020.04.013 Pumariega, A. J., Rothe, E., Mian, A., Carlisle, L., Toppelberg, C., Harris, T., Gogineni, R. R., Webb, S., Smith, J., & American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP) Committee on Quality Issues (CQI) (2013). Practice parameter for cultural competence in child and adolescent psychiatric practice. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 52(10), 1101–1115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2013.06.019 Song, J., Mailick, M. R., & Greenberg, J. S. (2018). Health of parents of individuals with developmental disorders or mental health problems: Impacts of stigma. Social science & medicine (1982), 217, 152–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.09.044 Telesia, L., Kaushik, A., & Kyriakopoulos, M. (2020). The role of stigma in children and adolescents with mental health difficulties. Current opinion in psychiatry, 33(6), 571–576. https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000644 Waid, J., & Kelly, M. (2020). Supporting family engagement with child and adolescent mental health services: A scoping review. Health & social care in the community, 28(5), 1333–1342. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12947 Walter, H. J., Vernacchio, L., Trudell, E. K., Bromberg, J., Goodman, E., Barton, J., Young, G. J., DeMaso, D. R., & Focht, G. (2019). Five-Year Outcomes of Behavioral Health Integration in Pediatric Primary Care. Pediatrics, 144(1), e20183243. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2018-3243