AgNet News Hour

The AgNet News Hour continued its coverage of the California governor’s race, breaking down key moments from last week’s Fresno State debate where candidates laid out sharply different visions for the future of agriculture, energy, and water policy. With farmers and ag leaders in attendance, the debate made one thing clear, there is little agreement on how to fix rising costs and ongoing challenges facing California agriculture. Energy costs emerged as a major concern, with candidates offering competing solutions. Some pushed for expanded domestic oil and gas production and reducing regulations, while others emphasized continued investment in renewable energy and infrastructure. “We will use California natural gas to generate electricity… to cut your electric bills in half,” Steve Hilton said, pointing to underutilized energy capacity in the state. Others argued for a longer-term transition toward renewable energy, focusing on expanding solar, battery storage, and grid infrastructure. However, the divide highlighted a broader debate over affordability versus long-term sustainability. Food prices were another major topic, with candidates acknowledging that rising input costs, especially energy and regulation, are driving higher grocery bills for consumers. “The regulatory environment in California is choking off our agricultural community,” one candidate said. “It’s not one regulation, it’s layer after layer.” Several candidates pointed to the increasing cost of compliance, with estimates showing regulatory costs for farms rising dramatically over the past two decades. Others emphasized the need to balance regulation with worker safety and environmental protections, while still allowing farms to remain profitable. Water policy also took center stage, with nearly all candidates agreeing that California must improve storage, delivery, and long-term planning. However, how to achieve that goal remains a point of contention. “We have enough water in California—it’s making the best use of it,” one candidate said, emphasizing the need for better infrastructure and management. Others called for more aggressive action, including building new reservoirs, increasing water deliveries, and cutting regulatory barriers that limit water access for agriculture. “We need to give you 100 percent of the water to operate your farms,” another candidate said, stressing the urgency of addressing supply shortages. Beyond policy specifics, the debate underscored a broader frustration within the agricultural community. Many candidates acknowledged that farmers are already innovating and adapting, but continue to face mounting pressure from costs, regulations, and uncertainty. Ultimately, the discussion reflected a pivotal moment for California agriculture as voters prepare to choose leadership that will shape the future of farming, water, and food production in the state.

Today’s AgNet News Hour spotlighted a major moment for California agriculture as industry leaders and political candidates gathered at Fresno State for a gubernatorial debate focused heavily on farming, water, and regulatory challenges facing the state. Fresno County Farm Bureau CEO Ryan Jacobson and California Farm Bureau President Shannon Douglass both emphasized the importance of agriculture being front and center in the conversation as California heads toward a critical election year. Jacobson noted that while candidates came prepared with more detailed responses than expected, the state’s agricultural challenges remain urgent. “I think most of us could probably agree that we’ve been in crisis mode now for potentially a decade or two,” he said. A key theme throughout the discussion was regulation. While acknowledging that some level of oversight is necessary to maintain food safety, Jacobson warned that excessive regulation continues to burden farmers and rural communities. “Regulation makes our food some of the safest in the world,” he said. “But overregulation… has turned into a hodgepodge of a mess that hurts our farmers and communities.” Candidates also addressed water availability, one of the most pressing issues in the Central Valley. Despite some increases in allocation, Jacobson described current levels as insufficient for long-term stability. “Water allocations at 20 percent… are pretty dismal,” he said. “We were hoping for much higher in a year like this.” Douglass echoed those concerns, describing the current environment as one of significant strain for producers across the state. “We’re at a very scary time in California farming,” she said. “Our members are facing tremendous frustration and challenges.” Both leaders stressed that the next governor will play a critical role in shaping the future of agriculture—not only through policy decisions, but through key appointments and leadership direction. “Those appointments have a lot of direction to where the state’s headed,” Jacobson explained. “It doesn’t boil down to one person—it’s the team behind them.” Douglass added that a governor willing to take a closer look at legislation and push back when necessary could make a meaningful difference. “We don’t necessarily need more bills,” she said. “For our industry, most of those bills are typically an attack.” Another major takeaway from the event was the growing recognition among candidates of agriculture’s importance to California’s economy. Douglass noted that it was encouraging to see candidates more informed on key issues like the Delta and regulatory burdens than in past election cycles. “I was really pleased to see more candidates digging into these ag issues,” she said. Looking ahead, both leaders encouraged farmers and industry members to stay engaged and involved, particularly as policy decisions continue to impact day-to-day operations. “This is a changing, dynamic situation,” Jacobson said. “Get involved… because who gets in office makes a big difference.” Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

Today’s AgNet News Hour featured an in-depth conversation with pistachio grower and crop advisor Rich Kreps, highlighting how global events, domestic policy, and on-the-ground growing conditions are shaping the outlook for California’s pistachio industry. Kreps, widely known in the industry as “Mr. Pistachio,” pointed to geopolitical tensions in the Middle East as a key factor influencing the market. With Iran ranking as the world’s second-largest pistachio producer, any disruption in that region could significantly benefit California growers. “Iran is the second-largest producer of pistachios, so it will help the American market—especially California,” Kreps said. “That’s just the reality of global supply.” While last year delivered a record-breaking crop in both volume and quality, early signs suggest another strong year could be ahead. Kreps noted that newer pistachio varieties like Golden Hills are helping stabilize production by reducing the dramatic swings of alternate bearing. “They don’t show as big of an alternate bearing issue,” he explained. “So you can budget better and see more consistent yields year to year.” Still, weather remains the biggest wildcard. Kreps warned that early season conditions could point to an extremely hot summer, which would put additional stress on orchards during critical development periods. “If March is any indication, this could be one of the worst heat years we’ve had,” he said. To combat heat stress, growers are increasingly turning to advanced crop protection tools and nutritional programs designed to help plants regulate stress and maintain productivity. These innovations, combined with strong management practices, could help sustain another solid crop despite challenging conditions. Beyond production, the conversation also turned to ongoing challenges facing California agriculture—particularly water availability. Despite recent increases, allocations remain far below what growers have historically paid for and relied upon. “We’re still getting about 80 percent less water than what we’ve paid for,” Kreps said. “That’s the reality.” He emphasized that improving water storage and delivery systems would have far-reaching benefits—not just for agriculture, but for environmental management, energy production, and long-term sustainability. On the policy front, Kreps stressed the importance of engagement between farmers and policymakers. He recently participated in discussions with state leaders to help bridge the gap between legislative decisions and real-world farming conditions. “We’ve got to sit down and have those conversations,” he said. “Even if we don’t agree, we need common-sense solutions.” Despite ongoing uncertainty, Kreps remains optimistic about both the pistachio crop and the resilience of California agriculture. “Be prepared—it’s going to take a lot of effort to get that food to your table,” he said. “But farmers will get it done.” Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

Today’s AgNet News Hour featured a forward-looking conversation with fifth-generation farmer Jenny Lester Moffitt, now serving as Vice President of Farmland Protection and Strategic Priorities at American Farmland Trust, highlighting the critical need to keep farmers on the land and ensure the future of agriculture. Moffitt, who grew up farming organic walnuts in Northern California, brings both policy and real-world farming experience to her role. Her work now centers on supporting farmers through some of the biggest challenges facing agriculture today, ranging from land access and succession planning to long-term farm viability. “We want to make sure that anyone who is looking to get into farming has the ability to do so,” Moffitt said. “A big part of that is keeping farmers on the land and looking at what that next generation transition looks like.” A major focus of her work is helping farm families navigate the often-complex process of transitioning operations to the next generation. This includes everything from estate planning to business strategy, ensuring farms can remain productive and profitable for decades to come. “We sit down at the kitchen table with farmers and look at the whole system of their operation,” she explained. “Farming is absolutely not in silos.” Moffitt emphasized that agriculture must be viewed as a complete system, where water, labor, markets, land use, and environmental stewardship all play interconnected roles. That holistic approach is key to maintaining both productivity and sustainability. The conversation also highlighted the increasing pressure farmers face in California, including regulatory challenges, rising costs, and competition from lower-cost imports. Moffitt acknowledged the need to better recognize and compensate farmers for the broader value they provide beyond just food production. “How do we bring new revenue streams for farmers so they are compensated for all the benefits they provide?” she said, pointing to areas like soil health, water quality, and environmental stewardship. Another key theme was the importance of education and leadership development in agriculture. Moffitt credited programs like FFA and 4-H with shaping future leaders in the industry, emphasizing their role in building communication skills, responsibility, and real-world experience. “Leadership values, public speaking, and understanding how to navigate different situations—those are all taught through these programs,” she said. Moffitt also stressed the importance of connecting policymakers with agriculture by bringing them directly onto farms. “There is incredible value in walking the field and having those conversations,” she noted. Despite ongoing challenges, Moffitt remains optimistic about the future of agriculture, particularly if farmers, communities, and policymakers work together to strengthen the industry. “Thank you to everyone out there doing the work,” she said. “What you do is so important to all of us.” Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

The AgNet News Hour highlighted growing concerns over California’s ongoing water challenges, as water management expert Lindsay Cederquist outlined the real-world impact of limited allocations, regulatory pressure, and the need for immediate policy changes. Cederquist, Director of Water Resources at Diversified Land Management, works directly with growers across the Central Valley to help them navigate increasingly complex water conditions. Her day-to-day role focuses on evaluating farm water portfolios and developing strategies to help operations survive fluctuating water availability. “We sit down and look at the client’s portfolio and see what we can do to help them in each year,” Cederquist explained. “Each water year is different… and they all have their unique challenges.” Despite recent increases, allocations on the west side remain critically low. While growers recently saw a bump to 20 percent, Cederquist emphasized that it still falls far short of what’s needed to sustain production. “It’s sad that there’s not enough,” she said. “The challenge is real, and the cost of water is real, and this is what farmers are facing every day.” One of the most pressing concerns raised during the interview is the disconnect between water availability and water management decisions. Even in years with strong reservoir levels, growers are still facing restrictions while water is being released. “When you have full reservoirs… and a 20 percent allocation, and they’re talking about doing flood releases, that is an eye opener,” Cederquist said. “There’s a lack of storage in California, and that needs to be fixed.” Cederquist also pointed to the implementation of the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) as a major factor shaping the future of farming in California. While groundwater restrictions are intended to create long-term sustainability, they become significantly more difficult to manage when surface water supplies are limited. “It’s when you don’t have the water reliability and then they take away your groundwater—that’s when you’re stuck,” she explained. Beyond policy, Cederquist stressed the resilience and adaptability of farmers, noting that many operations are already implementing innovative solutions like water recharge, deficit irrigation, and improved efficiency practices to stretch limited supplies. “The farmers… are the ones that are quickly adapting,” she said. “They’re making things happen on the ground every day.” Still, she made it clear that growers cannot solve the problem alone. Increased water storage, updated regulations, and better coordination between state and federal leadership will be essential moving forward. Looking ahead, Cederquist emphasized the importance of leadership in shaping California’s water future, especially with a new gubernatorial election on the horizon. “Having a governor that’s pro-ag… is crucial,” she said. “We need representation.” Despite the challenges, Cederquist remains optimistic that progress is possible. “I truly do have hope that we can… get it back on track,” she said. Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

The AgNet News Hour continued its in-depth conversation with Nisei Farmers League President Manuel Cunha, focusing on one of agriculture’s most pressing issues: labor, immigration, and the future of the workforce heading into the 2026 growing season. Cunha highlighted the proposed Dignity Act as a major step toward addressing long-standing labor challenges across agriculture and other industries. The legislation aims to provide legal work authorization for millions of undocumented workers who have been in the U.S. for years, many of whom are already deeply embedded in agricultural operations. “This bill would take care of around 8.7 to 10 million immigrants… hardworking people that have been here 20 to 30 years,” Cunha said. “It’s time to give them the dignity they deserve.” Under the proposal, qualifying workers would receive renewable work authorization, allowing them to continue contributing without fear of deportation. Cunha emphasized that many of these individuals played a critical role during the COVID-19 pandemic, helping maintain the nation’s food supply during uncertain times. The discussion also addressed the broader structure of immigration reform. Cunha outlined what he sees as a three-part approach: removing criminal offenders, providing stability for long-term workers, and developing functional guest worker programs tailored to industry needs. “Any criminal… they need to be gone,” Cunha said. “But the person that is here working, paying taxes, part of the community—those are the ones that deserve work authorization.” He also stressed the importance of modernizing visa programs, noting that current systems like H-2A and H-2B are not sufficient to meet the demands of agriculture and other labor-intensive industries. “We need five or six different visa programs that fit industries,” he explained. Despite ongoing debate, Cunha pointed out that labor conditions in agriculture have improved significantly over the decades. At the same time, growers continue to face mounting challenges, including regulatory pressure, high costs, and water limitations—particularly in California, where reduced water allocations have impacted production and workforce dynamics. Interestingly, Cunha noted that current labor availability appears relatively stable heading into the season, partly due to reduced acreage on the West Side from water restrictions. “Right now, the labor market looks good,” he said, adding that workforce numbers have slightly increased in some areas. Beyond federal policy, Cunha also underscored the importance of state leadership. With California’s upcoming gubernatorial election, he called the moment “extremely important” for agriculture and rural communities, citing concerns over regulatory overreach and rising costs. Ultimately, Cunha urged unity across agriculture, encouraging farmers, communities, and policymakers to work together toward practical solutions. “We all need to work together and protect each other,” he said.

The March 27 edition of the AgNet News Hour featured a powerful and controversial conversation with Manuel Cunha, President of the Nisei Farmers League, addressing recent allegations surrounding Cesar Chavez and the broader implications for labor, agriculture, and policy in California. Cunha shared strong reactions to reports detailing misconduct tied to Chavez, calling the situation deeply disappointing and emphasizing that more of the story still needs to be told. Drawing from decades of experience in agriculture, Cunha described what he believes was a long-standing imbalance in how farm labor history has been portrayed, often overlooking the challenges faced by growers while elevating union leadership without full scrutiny. The conversation also explored the rapid fallout from the allegations, including the removal of statues, reconsideration of school names, and shifting public perception. Cunha noted how quickly public opinion changed following the report, raising questions about how historical figures are evaluated and remembered. Beyond the controversy, the discussion turned to the ongoing issue of labor in California agriculture. Cunha highlighted how working conditions for farm employees have significantly improved over the decades, including better wages, safety standards, and regulations. However, he stressed that major challenges remain, particularly around labor availability, immigration policy, and the need for practical solutions that support both workers and growers. Hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill also discussed the broader policy landscape, including the need for balanced immigration reform. The conversation touched on potential pathways for long-term workers, legal frameworks for future labor, and the importance of removing criminal elements from the system while supporting those contributing to agriculture. Another key takeaway from the episode was the importance of agriculture being treated as a priority issue rather than a political one. As discussed on the show, food production impacts every American, and policies affecting farmers and ranchers have far-reaching consequences across the economy. The episode also previewed continued discussions on labor and immigration, with more insights expected in upcoming segments as the industry prepares for the peak growing season. Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

The March 26 edition of the AgNet News Hour continued an in-depth conversation with Katie Roberti, Director of Communications for the California Cattlemen’s Association, diving deeper into the growing challenges facing ranchers across the state. Building on the previous episode, Roberti expanded on the ongoing impact of wolf predation in Northern California, where ranchers are dealing with increasing livestock losses and limited options for protection. In some cases, attacks have occurred just miles from communities and schools, raising concerns not only for agriculture but also for public safety. One of the key frustrations highlighted in the discussion is the lack of practical solutions available to California ranchers. Unlike other states where producers have tools such as hazing or controlled removal permits, California cattle producers face strict regulations that limit their ability to protect livestock. As Roberti explained, many of the proposed solutions—like fencing vast grazing lands—are simply unrealistic given the terrain and scale of operations. Despite these challenges, Roberti noted that awareness is growing. Increased media coverage and public discussion are helping more Californians understand the realities of ranching and the importance of agriculture in managing land, reducing wildfire risk, and supporting rural communities. Grazing, once criticized, is now being recognized as a valuable tool for maintaining healthy landscapes. The conversation also touched on broader industry conditions. While cattle prices remain strong, providing some optimism for producers, input costs and ongoing environmental challenges continue to create uncertainty. At the same time, issues like invasive pests, border closures affecting cattle movement, and global market pressures are adding complexity to an already demanding business. Roberti emphasized the importance of education and outreach moving forward. With many Californians disconnected from agriculture, efforts to share rancher stories and explain how food is produced will be critical in shaping future policy decisions and public perception. The episode also highlighted something often overlooked—California’s role as a major beef producer. While states like Texas and Nebraska are widely known for cattle, California remains a significant contributor, producing high-quality beef and supporting a large network of ranchers, feeders, and processors. As the industry looks ahead, the message remains consistent: resilience is strong, but long-term success will depend on common-sense policies, better tools for managing predators, and continued support from consumers. Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

The March 25 edition of the AgNet News Hour featured a wide-ranging and insightful conversation with Katie Roberti, Director of Communications for the California Cattlemen’s Association, highlighting the growing challenges facing ranchers across the state. From increasing predator pressure to ongoing water concerns and major policy decisions, Roberti made it clear that California’s cattle industry is navigating a complex and evolving landscape. One of the most pressing issues discussed was the rapid expansion of wolf populations in Northern California. While wolves have been present for over a decade, recent activity has intensified, creating serious concerns for ranchers dealing with livestock losses and safety risks. Roberti explained that predators, including wolves and mountain lions, are no longer isolated to remote areas. In some regions, wildlife is moving closer to communities, increasing tensions between conservation efforts and agricultural sustainability. Ranchers are now being forced to adapt quickly while also working with state and federal agencies to find workable solutions. Water availability is another major concern. With dry conditions and inconsistent weather patterns, ranchers are closely watching rainfall and forage conditions as they prepare for the months ahead. Roberti noted that spring weather will play a critical role in determining how the season unfolds, especially as producers rely on natural grass growth to support their herds. Beyond environmental challenges, the conversation also turned to policy and leadership. With a new governor set to take office in the coming years, Roberti emphasized the importance of having leadership that understands agriculture’s role in California’s economy. The cattle industry alone plays a significant part in managing millions of acres of land, contributing not only to food production but also to wildfire prevention and environmental stewardship. Despite the challenges, Roberti highlighted the resilience of ranchers and the importance of staying engaged in policy discussions. Whether it’s advocating for better predator management, improved water infrastructure, or stronger representation in Sacramento, she stressed that collaboration and communication will be key moving forward. The episode offered a clear look at the realities facing California cattle producers today, and the work being done to ensure the industry remains viable for future generations. Listen to the full interview below or on your favorite podcast app.

The March 24 edition of the AgNet News Hour took a deep dive into the current state of the wine industry, as hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill sat down with veteran winemaker and consultant Nicholas Karavidas to discuss one of the most disruptive periods the industry has ever faced. Karavidas, who has more than four decades of experience in wine production and consulting, described the current situation as a “perfect storm” driven by multiple factors converging at once. Declining consumption, shifting health trends, global oversupply, and increased competition from alternative beverages have all contributed to a challenging environment for growers and wineries. One of the biggest shifts has been changing consumer behavior, particularly among younger generations. Health-conscious trends, including reduced alcohol consumption and the rise of weight-loss medications, have played a role in declining demand. At the same time, the growth of non-alcoholic and low-alcohol beverages is reshaping the marketplace, forcing the wine industry to rethink how it connects with consumers. Global competition is another major pressure point. Karavidas explained that while California once maintained a balanced supply and demand, the U.S. market is now flooded with imported wine—making up more than 40 percent of retail shelf space. European subsidies and trade imbalances have made it difficult for domestic producers to compete on price, adding further strain to California growers. The impact on the ground has been significant. In just the past few years, California has seen between 100,000 and 150,000 acres of vineyards removed, a level of contraction not seen in decades. While painful in the short term, Karavidas warned that this could lead to a future supply shortage if demand stabilizes or rebounds. Despite these challenges, there are signs of opportunity. Karavidas pointed to innovation as a key path forward, including single-serve packaging, ready-to-drink wine products, and new marketing strategies aimed at younger consumers. He emphasized that the industry must adapt to a rapidly changing landscape shaped by social media, evolving preferences, and increased competition from other products like beer, spirits, and cannabis. Looking ahead, Karavidas believes the industry could experience a “whiplash effect” within the next two years. With reduced production and vineyard removals, supply may tighten significantly, potentially improving pricing for growers who are able to weather the current downturn. His advice to farmers was straightforward: if possible, keep vineyards in the ground and focus on long-term resilience. As market conditions shift, those who remain positioned in the industry may benefit from a future rebound. For California agriculture, the conversation highlights a broader reality—industries must evolve alongside consumers. The wine sector’s ability to innovate, market effectively, and adapt to new trends will determine its success in the years ahead.

The March 23 edition of the AgNet News Hour spotlighted the future of California agriculture, with a strong focus on innovation, workforce development, and the evolving role of technology in farming. A key highlight of the episode was an in-depth conversation with Priscilla Koepke, CEO of F3 Innovate, who is helping lead efforts to transform the Central Valley into a hub for agricultural technology and innovation. Through partnerships with universities, startups, and growers, F3 Innovate is working to bridge the gap between cutting-edge research and real-world farming applications. Koepke emphasized that the future of agriculture is increasingly tied to technology, describing farms as becoming more like tech-driven operations. From automation and robotics to artificial intelligence and data-driven decision-making, new tools are rapidly reshaping how food is produced. But she made it clear that innovation isn’t about replacing workers—it’s about creating better, safer, and more efficient jobs in agriculture. One of the most exciting developments discussed was the launch of an AI Supercomputing Center in Fresno, designed to bring advanced computing power directly into the heart of California agriculture. This initiative aims to help researchers, students, and ag companies develop solutions to real challenges growers face, accelerating the pace of innovation across the industry. Education and workforce development were also central themes. F3 Innovate is working closely with institutions like UC Merced, Fresno State, and local colleges to prepare the next generation for careers in agriculture. Programs are designed to expose students to both traditional farming and emerging technologies, ensuring they understand not only where food comes from, but also how innovation is shaping the industry’s future. Koepke stressed that agriculture offers opportunities for students across a wide range of disciplines—from engineering and computer science to marketing and business. As farms become more technologically advanced, the demand for skilled workers in these areas continues to grow. Importantly, the conversation also highlighted the need to support small and mid-sized farmers, ensuring that new technologies are accessible and practical for operations of all sizes. Innovation must work not just for large-scale producers, but for the entire agricultural ecosystem. For California agriculture, the message is clear: the future depends on embracing innovation, investing in education, and building strong connections between growers, researchers, and technology leaders. As the industry evolves, those who adapt will be best positioned to thrive in an increasingly complex and competitive landscape.

The March 20 edition of the AgNet News Hour delivered a mix of practical field insights and high-level agricultural policy discussion, giving California farmers both immediate takeaways and long-term perspective. The show opened with a timely conversation on fire ant management in almond orchards, a growing concern for producers across the state. John Mays of Central Life Sciences explained that while many growers rely on spot treatments, the most effective control comes from broadcast applications that cover entire orchard floors. This method helps eliminate colonies more thoroughly, protecting both yields and workers from the aggressive pests. Fire ants don’t just damage almonds—they pose serious risks to equipment and field crews. Their ability to nest in machinery and aggressively attack workers makes them a unique challenge compared to other orchard pests. With pressure increasing in many regions, having a proactive management strategy is becoming essential for maintaining productivity and safety. The program also featured a continued in-depth interview with former U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Mike Johanns, who provided insight into the broader forces shaping agriculture today. Johanns emphasized the importance of profitability, innovation, and strong policy support in ensuring the future of farming, particularly in highly regulated states like California. One key topic was the role of research and development tax credits, which Johanns says can provide meaningful financial relief for growers. Farmers may be able to amend prior tax returns to claim credits, potentially bringing much-needed capital back into their operations. These incentives are designed to reward innovation already happening on farms—from equipment upgrades to improved production practices. Johanns also touched on the importance of technology adoption, including automation and precision agriculture tools that are helping farmers operate more efficiently. As labor costs rise and regulatory pressures increase, these technologies are becoming critical to staying competitive. Trade and market access were another major focus. Johanns noted that expanding export opportunities and maintaining strong trade relationships will be essential for U.S. agriculture to remain competitive globally. Without access to international markets, American farmers risk losing ground to countries that are rapidly increasing production and investment. For California growers, the episode highlighted a clear theme: success in today’s environment requires both strong on-farm management and engagement with the policies shaping agriculture’s future. From controlling pests in the orchard to navigating tax policy and global trade, farmers are balancing more variables than ever before.

The March 19 edition of the AgNet News Hour featured a compelling and wide-ranging interview with former U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Mike Johanns, who offered insight into the economic challenges facing farmers and what it will take to sustain agriculture for the next generation. Speaking with hosts Nick Papagni and Josh McGill, Johanns drew on decades of experience as a governor, senator, and ag leader to address issues impacting producers across California and the nation. Johanns made it clear that while some sectors of agriculture are performing well, many farmers are navigating a difficult economic environment. High input costs, uncertain markets, and shifting demand, especially in industries like wine grapes, are putting pressure on producers. In California, growers are facing particularly tough conditions, with some vineyards being removed or left unharvested due to declining demand. A key theme throughout the discussion was profitability. Johanns emphasized that keeping farmers on the land ultimately comes down to whether operations can remain financially viable. Without profitability, he noted, it becomes increasingly difficult for the next generation to continue farming, even for those who are deeply passionate about agriculture. The conversation also explored the role of policy and marketing in supporting struggling sectors. Johanns pointed to opportunities for legislative improvements that could help level the playing field for U.S. producers, particularly when competing with imported products. At the same time, he stressed the importance of better connecting with younger consumers, especially in industries like wine, where demand has shifted in recent years. Beyond market challenges, Johanns highlighted the importance of recognizing the work farmers are already doing to innovate. From improving crop practices to advancing livestock genetics, many of the day-to-day decisions made on farms qualify as research and development. He discussed efforts to help farmers access R&D tax credits, which can provide much-needed financial relief by returning dollars back into farming operations. Johanns also spoke highly of farmers themselves, pushing back against misconceptions about agriculture. He emphasized that producers are committed to conservation, stewardship, and continuous improvement. Across the country—and especially in California—farmers are adapting to new technologies, environmental challenges, and regulatory pressures while continuing to feed a growing population. Looking ahead, Johanns underscored the importance of engaging the next generation through programs like FFA and 4-H, which continue to play a critical role in developing future agricultural leaders. His message was clear: if agriculture is going to thrive, it must remain profitable, innovative, and supported by policies that recognize its value. For California farmers, the interview served as both a reality check and a roadmap—highlighting the challenges ahead while reinforcing the importance of strong leadership, smart policy, and continued innovation in agriculture.

The March 18 edition of the AgNet News Hour continued an in-depth conversation with Stuart Wolf and the Wolf family of Wolf Farming and Processing, highlighting how innovation is helping California growers adapt to ongoing water shortages and shifting agricultural realities. Farming on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley has become increasingly difficult, with growers once again facing limited water allocations—currently around 15 percent. That uncertainty is forcing farmers to rethink how they use their land and what crops can realistically be sustained in the future. For Stuart Wolf, the answer lies in diversification and forward-thinking strategies. One of the most promising developments discussed is the expansion of agave farming in California. The Wolf family has already planted approximately 550 acres, with long-term ambitions that could reach thousands of acres if market demand continues to grow. Unlike traditional row crops, agave requires minimal water, making it an attractive option for regions facing long-term water constraints. The opportunity extends beyond farming. The goal is to build a California-based agave industry, supplying craft distillers and potentially creating a new domestic spirits market similar to tequila or mezcal. However, the industry is still in its early stages. Growers need contracts and demand before expanding acreage, while distillers want a reliable supply before investing in production capacity—creating a classic “chicken-and-egg” scenario. Despite that challenge, interest is growing quickly. The upcoming California Agave Symposium in Santa Barbara on March 23 is expected to bring together growers, distillers, and industry leaders to explore how the crop can scale across the state. The Wolf family is already fielding inquiries from growers and partners looking to get involved. Beyond agave, the conversation also touched on broader industry concerns. Wolf noted that California farmers continue to face pressure from regulations, labor costs, and global competition, particularly from imports produced under less restrictive conditions. While international trade provides year-round availability for consumers, many growers are still seeking a more level playing field. At the same time, technology is becoming a bigger part of agriculture’s future. From automation to artificial intelligence, the next generation of farmers—including Haley and Wiley Wolf—is exploring how data and innovation can improve efficiency, sustainability, and decision-making on the farm. Even with ongoing challenges, the Wolf family remains optimistic. Their approach reflects a broader trend across California agriculture: when faced with limited resources, growers continue to adapt, innovate, and search for new opportunities to keep farming viable for the next generation.

The March 17 edition of the AgNet News Hour highlighted the innovative work happening on California’s west side as Stuart Wolf of Wolf Farming and Processing joined the program alongside his children Haley Wolf and Wiley Wolf to discuss new crop opportunities, water challenges, and the future of farming in the Central Valley. Wolf Farming and Processing traces its roots back to 1974, when Stuart Wolf’s father first started the operation. Today, the company farms a wide range of crops including almonds, pistachios, tomatoes, grains, basil, garlic, onions, cotton, and more. As a second-generation grower now working with the third generation, Wolf says innovation has always been key to surviving the challenges of west side farming. Water availability remains the biggest issue. With federal water allocations recently announced at 15 percent, growers across the region are once again facing uncertainty about how much land they can farm this season. Wolf explained that early allocation decisions are critical because farmers must plan crops, financing, and planting schedules months in advance. One potential solution gaining attention is agave, a desert crop traditionally grown in Mexico that requires very little water. Wolf Farming has been experimenting with agave production in California, planting different varieties and researching how the crop performs under Central Valley conditions. According to the Wolf family, the plant requires only a small amount of water, sometimes just a few inches throughout the growing season, making it a promising option for water-limited areas. Haley Wolf is helping lead the communication and outreach efforts for the project, working with growers, distillers, and industry partners interested in the crop. Interest in California-grown agave is growing quickly, and the upcoming California Agave Council symposium in Santa Barbara will bring together growers and distillers to explore the industry’s potential. The crop could eventually support a new California spirits industry similar to tequila or mezcal production in Mexico. However, the industry is still in its early stages. Growers want distilling capacity before planting large acreages, while distillers want to see enough crop volume before investing in facilities. For now, the Wolf family is working to bridge that gap by building nursery stock and expanding plantings. Meanwhile, Wiley Wolf focuses on sustainability projects across the operation, including water management, soil health, solar development, and pollinator habitats. The next generation of the family says modern farming requires constant adaptation as growers balance environmental regulations, labor challenges, and evolving markets. Despite the challenges, Stuart Wolf remains optimistic about the future. For west side growers facing limited water supplies, innovation and diversification could help keep farmland productive for generations to come.

California agriculture sits at the center of an ongoing debate over water policy, infrastructure, and the future of farming in the state. In a recent episode of the AgNet News Hour, host Nick “The Ag Meter” Papagni welcomed Geoffrey Vanden Heuvel of the Milk Producers Council for a passionate and insightful conversation about California’s water challenges and what must change moving forward. The interview, part two of a continuing water series, explored the growing concerns among farmers about water allocations, environmental regulations, and the long-term sustainability of agriculture in the Golden State. Papagni opened the discussion by pointing to what many growers see as a major disconnect between California’s growing population and its water policies. With nearly 40 million residents, the state is far larger than when much of its water infrastructure and policy framework was developed. Yet many farmers say water management has not evolved to meet those increasing demands. Vanden Heuvel brought decades of firsthand experience to the conversation. A former Southern California dairy producer who spent nearly 40 years in the dairy industry, he has also been deeply involved in water policy at the local and statewide level. After selling his dairy in 2018, he relocated to Tulare and now works with the Milk Producers Council focusing on water supply issues and the impacts of the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA). During the interview, Vanden Heuvel explained how SGMA and groundwater sustainability plans are reshaping agriculture across the San Joaquin Valley. Dairy operations and farms from Bakersfield to Stockton now face new groundwater regulations designed to prevent long-term overdraft. While the law aims to stabilize water supplies, it also presents major challenges for farming communities. One of the most alarming findings discussed in the podcast comes from an economic impact study tied to the San Joaquin Valley Water Blueprint, a coalition of agricultural stakeholders working to develop long-term water solutions. The research suggests that if groundwater restrictions force widespread land fallowing, the region could see $7–8 billion in lost economic activity and tens of thousands of lost jobs. Despite those challenges, Vanden Heuvel believes progress is possible. Efforts are underway to develop a Unified Valley Water Plan, designed to coordinate dozens of water supply and infrastructure projects across the region. At the same time, California lawmakers recently directed the Department of Water Resources to develop nine million acre-feet of additional water supply, a move that could help address future shortages. The discussion also tackled misconceptions about agriculture, including the common “big ag” narrative often used in mainstream media coverage. According to Vanden Heuvel, California farming is still overwhelmingly made up of family operations, many of which are deeply committed to environmental stewardship and sustainable land management. Both Papagni and Vanden Heuvel emphasized that education will play a major role in shaping agriculture’s future. Many urban residents, they say, simply lack exposure to farming and do not fully understand how water policy affects food production. Their message to farmers and agricultural supporters: tell the story of agriculture, engage with communities, and stay involved in the policy conversations shaping California’s future. The conversation also highlighted how upcoming political decisions—including California’s next gubernatorial leadership—could play a major role in determining how the state addresses its water challenges. This wide-ranging discussion offers valuable insight into one of the most important issues facing California agriculture today. 🎧 Listen to the full AgNet News Hour podcast to hear the complete conversation and deeper insights from Geoffrey Vanden Heuvel.

California agriculture sits at the center of some of the state’s most important policy debates—water supply, infrastructure, energy, and the future of farming. Those issues took center stage on the latest AgNet News Hour, where host Nick “The AgMeter” Papagni spoke with several key voices shaping the conversation. From a potential shake-up in California’s natural resources leadership to a deep dive into the history of the state’s water system, the program explored both the challenges and potential solutions facing farmers today. Steve Hilton Names John Duarte for Natural Resources Role One of the biggest stories discussed during the show was a press conference announcing that gubernatorial candidate Steve Hilton plans to appoint John Duarte of Duarte Nursery as California’s Secretary of Natural Resources if elected. Papagni attended the announcement near Millerton Lake and asked Hilton about the state’s energy challenges, particularly the impact of regulations on California’s oil and gas industry. Hilton argued that current policies have forced the state to import a large percentage of its oil and natural gas and said leadership changes could help restore domestic energy production. Following the announcement, Papagni spoke with Duarte about his vision for California’s water future. Duarte emphasized what he calls a return to “water abundance”—ensuring that farms, cities, and households all have reliable water supplies. His approach includes better reservoir management, expanded infrastructure, and the use of long-range weather forecasting tools that could allow water managers to predict rainfall totals months earlier. He also highlighted ideas such as dredging the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta to improve water flow, strengthen levees, and help maintain colder water for fish while still improving water delivery reliability. According to Duarte, improving water infrastructure and planning could allow California to support both environmental needs and agricultural production. Fire Ant Control for Orchard Growers The episode also included a CLS Fire Ant Friday segment with Josh McGill speaking to John Mays of Central Life Sciences. They discussed Extinguish® Professional Fire Ant Bait, a product that uses an insect growth regulator to disrupt the fire ant colony by targeting the queen’s ability to reproduce. Mays explained that ants carry the bait back to the colony, where it gradually collapses the population. For almond growers, the optimal application window typically falls between May and July when ants are actively foraging. Understanding the History of California Water The second half of the show featured a detailed conversation with Jeffrey Vanden Heuvel of the Milk Producers Council, who walked listeners through the history of California’s water system. Vanden Heuvel explained how early agricultural development in the 1800s eventually led to massive infrastructure projects like the Central Valley Project and State Water Project, which created reservoirs, canals, and pumping systems that allowed agriculture to flourish across the Central Valley. These projects helped create more than seven million acres of irrigated farmland producing hundreds of different crops. However, environmental regulations beginning in the 1970s and increased reliance on groundwater have significantly reshaped the state’s water system. Vanden Heuvel also discussed the impact of the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) and how groundwater regulation could change farming across the San Joaquin Valley. More to Come in Part Two Papagni noted that the discussion with Vanden Heuvel is only the beginning. A second installment of the interview will explore potential solutions for California’s water challenges and what they could mean for the future of agriculture. To hear the full interviews, deeper analysis, and the complete discussion, listen to the entire episode of the AgNet News Hour.

The latest AgNet News Hour Podcast delivers another packed episode with Nick “The Ag Meter” Papagni and “Sir” Josh McGill, bringing listeners a wide-ranging discussion on agriculture, business, education, water policy, and crop protection. From inspiring entrepreneurship stories to the future of ag education and emerging orchard threats, this episode highlights the voices shaping agriculture across California. If you want to stay informed about the issues affecting farmers, ranchers, and the broader ag industry, this episode is one you won’t want to miss. Entrepreneurship Lessons from Pappy’s Seasoning The show begins with the final segment of a fascinating interview with Eddie Papulias, owner of Pappy’s Choice Seasoning and Pappy Fine Foods. Papulias shares his journey from building a small family operation into a nationally recognized seasoning brand found in kitchens across the country. During the conversation with the Ag Meter, Papulias offers practical advice for entrepreneurs looking to launch their own food products. He explains that while starting a business is still possible today, the process has become much more complex due to regulations, insurance requirements, and rising operational costs. Papulias encourages new entrepreneurs to consider working with co-packers, manufacturers who produce products for emerging brands. This approach allows startups to bring family recipes or unique products to market without the heavy investment required to build their own manufacturing facility. His story highlights the perseverance required to build a successful business—and why maintaining strong family values and faith helped guide his company through decades of growth. Ag in the Classroom: Educating the Next Generation The episode also features an important conversation with Amanda Fletcher, Executive Director of the California Foundation for Agriculture in the Classroom. Fletcher discusses the organization’s mission to connect students with agriculture and help them understand where their food comes from. Through curriculum resources and educational programs, the foundation now reaches approximately 1.3 million students across California each year. One of the organization’s biggest upcoming initiatives is Virtual Farm Day on March 18, a live online learning event that takes students on a virtual journey through the farm-to-school process. The program will highlight produce operations, beef production, and school food service programs to show how food travels from the field to students’ lunch trays. Fletcher also explains how agriculture offers a wide range of career opportunities—from technology and communications to engineering and mechanics—many of which students may not realize exist within the industry. Water History and the Central Valley Project The Ag Meter also previews an upcoming discussion with GeoffreyVanden Heuvel, who dives into the history of California water infrastructure and the development of the Central Valley Project. This massive project, launched in the early 1900s, included the construction of major dams, pumping stations, and hundreds of miles of canals designed to deliver water to California’s Central Valley farms. The upcoming conversation promises a deeper look at how California’s water system began and how water policy continues to impact agriculture today. Almond Growers Monitor Red Leaf Blotch The episode wraps up with Todd Burkdoll of Valent USA, who joins the “Growing Edge” segment to discuss the spread of almond red leaf blotch across the Central Valley. This fungal disease infects almond leaves during spring, causing orange-colored spots and potentially leading to significant defoliation if left untreated. Burkdoll explains that early monitoring, winter sanitation practices, and timely fungicide applications are critical for protecting orchard health. For growers across the valley, staying ahead of this disease is essential for maintaining long-term productivity. Listen to the Full AgNet News Hour Podcast From business success stories to ag education initiatives and critical crop protection updates, this episode of the AgNet News Hour brings together important conversations from across the agricultural industry. Be sure to listen to the full podcast to hear every interview with The Ag Meter and “Sir” Josh McGill, and stay informed about the issues impacting agriculture today.

The AgNet News Hour recently featured a fascinating conversation with Fresno entrepreneur Eddie Papulias, the man behind Pappy’s Choice Seasoning and Pappy’s Fine Foods. In an interview with host Nick Papagni, “the Ag Meter”, Papulias shared the remarkable story of how a family legacy rooted in agriculture and meat processing evolved into a nationally recognized seasoning brand. What began as a small family effort in the Central Valley has grown into a business whose products now appear in grocery stores across California and much of the United States. Yet the story behind Pappy’s success is about far more than spices and sauces—it’s about perseverance, family, and navigating the increasingly complex world of food production and small business in California. A Family Legacy That Started More Than a Century Ago Papulias’ story begins long before the seasoning business existed. His grandfather immigrated from Greece in 1896 and eventually settled in Fresno, where he raised sheep, lamb, and cattle in the foothills near Friant. Decades later, Papulias’ father—known affectionately as “Pappy”—launched Pappy Meat Company in 1958, building a reputation for high-quality aged beef supplied to markets from San Francisco to Los Angeles. After his father passed away while Papulias was still in high school, the future of the family business became uncertain. But in the mid-1980s, Papulias decided to take a leap of faith and build something new from a seasoning recipe his father had created for meat customers. With just $30,000 in startup capital, Pappy’s Fine Foods was born. Four Years of Hard Work Before Profit The early years were anything but easy. Papulias worked tirelessly while attending college, often packaging seasoning bottles late into the night with help from friends and family. Even with the support of longtime family friends who offered free rent for a year, the company took four years before turning a profit. But Papulias stayed focused on one goal: rebuilding his father’s legacy. For 25 straight years, he says he never took a vacation while building the brand. Today, more than four decades later, Pappy’s products are sold across the country—and Papulias still wakes up at 4:30 a.m. every day to go to work. From Seasonings to Sauces and Meat Partnerships Over time, the company expanded beyond seasoning blends to include a variety of sauces and marinades. Some of the most popular products include: Sweet and Tangy Barbecue Sauce Patty’s Sweet and Spicy Buffalo Sauce Peppercorn sauce used in marinated tri-tip products A range of seasoning blends used for grilling and home cooking Papulias also partnered with Harris Ranch Beef Company, helping develop marinated meats, pot roast, stuffed bell peppers, and other prepared products sold through retail channels. One product—peppercorn tri-tip—became especially popular during a Southern California grocery strike, when Harris Ranch reportedly sold $87 million worth of the product through Smart & Final stores. Rising Costs and Challenges for Small Businesses While the brand has grown significantly, Papulias says operating a food business in California has become increasingly difficult. He pointed to several challenges affecting producers today: Rising ingredient costs, including black pepper prices increasing dramatically Packaging costs tied to oil prices Rising freight and transportation expenses Expanding regulatory requirements for food production Increased competition from private equity-owned companies Papulias also expressed concern about the regulatory burden placed on small manufacturers. In some cases, he says, companies are leaving California altogether to operate in states with fewer regulatory hurdles. Despite the challenges, Papulias remains deeply committed to the Central Valley and the agricultural community that helped build his business. A Passion for Food, Agriculture, and Family Throughout the interview, Papulias emphasized the importance of agriculture to California’s economy. The San Joaquin Valley, he noted, remains one of the most productive farming regions in the world. He also highlighted the importance of maintaining strong food safety standards. Pappy’s products are produced under rigorous global safety guidelines, including BRC (British Retail Consortium) certification, which involves extensive inspections and audits. For Papulias, maintaining those standards is critical—not just for the business, but for consumers who trust the brand. Listen to the Full AgNet News Hour Interview The conversation with Eddie Papulias is packed with stories, lessons, and insights for anyone interested in: Agriculture and food production Entrepreneurship and family businesses The challenges of operating in California’s business environment The history behind one of the Central Valley’s most recognizable food brands Papagni will continue the conversation in the next episode, where Papulias shares recipes, cooking tips, and advice for entrepreneurs considering launching their own food businesses. 👉 Listen to the full interview on the AgNet News Hour podcast to hear the entire story behind Pappy’s Seasoning and its journey from Fresno startup to national brand.

The AgNet News Hour recently featured an in-depth conversation with dairy leader Melvin Medeiros, chairman of the Western Council for Dairy Farmers of America (DFA). In a wide-ranging interview with host Nick Papagni, the two discussed everything from the future of California dairy to new consumer trends and the importance of educating the public about agriculture. Medeiros, a second-generation dairy farmer from Laton, California, has spent decades in the dairy business while also helping guide policy and strategy at the national level. Through his role with DFA—the largest dairy cooperative in the world—he works with producers and industry leaders across the country to address some of the biggest challenges facing modern agriculture. During the conversation, Medeiros explained that while the national dairy industry remains strong, California producers face unique hurdles. Regulations, water uncertainty, and rising costs have made the state one of the most expensive places in the country to farm. At the same time, investment in dairy processing has increasingly shifted to other states where companies see more predictable operating conditions. Even with those challenges, Medeiros remains optimistic about the industry’s future. Demand for dairy protein continues to grow, and consumers are rediscovering the nutritional benefits of products like yogurt, cottage cheese, and milk. In fact, he noted that cottage cheese has experienced a major resurgence as consumers seek high-protein foods. Innovation is also playing a major role. Dairy Farmers of America continues to invest heavily in research and development, working to bring new dairy products with improved texture, flavor, and nutritional value to grocery store shelves. These innovations, along with improved marketing, are helping connect dairy products with younger consumers and families. The conversation also touched on sustainability. Medeiros pointed out that over the past 50 years, the California dairy industry has dramatically improved efficiency—reducing emissions, water use, and land requirements per gallon of milk produced. For farmers, sustainability isn’t a buzzword; it’s a necessity tied directly to their goal of passing farms on to the next generation. Beyond policy and markets, the interview also revealed Medeiros’ personal side—his deep ties to family, community, and sports, including a long history of basketball success within his family. To hear the full conversation and learn more about the future of California dairy, be sure to listen to the complete interview on the AgNet News Hour Podcast, available now through AgNet West.