The Fuel Pulse Show

Host Erik Bjornstad outlines seven critical recommendations for hurricane season preparation, focusing on emergency backup fuel systems. Key areas include testing fuel quality every 3-6 months, conducting full generator load tests, securing adequate fuel inventory (96 hours for healthcare facilities), hardening infrastructure against storm damage, coordinating vendor deliveries through priority systems like DIRS and TSP for telecom, training staff through tabletop drills, and maintaining comprehensive documentation for compliance. The episode targets healthcare and telecom sectors specifically, emphasizing that preparation must happen now during the calm period before hurricane season intensifies, using real-world examples like Hurricane Maria's impact on Puerto Rico's telecommunications infrastructure. What You'll Learn: Emergency Fuel System Fundamentals - How to establish proper fuel quality testing protocols and understand the critical importance of testing emergency backup diesel fuel every 3-6 months for water contamination, microbial growth, and fuel degradation. Generator Load Testing Best Practices - The difference between simple startup checks and comprehensive full-load testing, including healthcare industry requirements for monthly 30% load tests and annual 4-hour full load tests. Industry-Specific Compliance Requirements - Healthcare facilities' obligations under NFPA 99 and NFPA 110 standards, including the mandatory 96-hour fuel supply requirement and CMS documentation standards for emergency preparedness. Telecom Infrastructure Protection Strategies - How to implement proper testing for battery backup depletion scenarios and ensure seamless switchover from UPS to generator systems without service interruption. Priority Registration Systems for Emergency Response - The critical importance of DIRS and TSP registration for telecom operators and how these systems provide government-backed priority for fuel deliveries and infrastructure repair during disasters. Infrastructure Security and Theft Prevention - Post-storm security considerations and the reality of equipment theft from telecom sites, with over 4,000 reported incidents in just three months of 2024. Effective Emergency Planning Through Tabletop Drills How to design and conduct scenario-based training exercises that expose hidden vulnerabilities in emergency response plans before real disasters strike. Comprehensive Documentation Strategies - Essential record-keeping requirements for both healthcare and telecom sectors, including automated monitoring systems and NOC-level reporting tools for regulatory compliance and operational optimization. Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "You have got time to prepare, but the time to prepare is right now, you do not want to let that get away from you as much as the temptation might be for that to happen." "This kind of thing or these kinds of things like whether your entire power redundancy chain works as opposed to just the generator, that can really only be confirmed under this kind of full load test scenario, and this is the time for you to make it happen. This is the calm before the upcoming storms." "Tabletop drill is a really useful tool that exposes the hidden points, the hidden choke points where a hurricane can take your system offline and then gives you a chance to fix them ahead of time when it still costs nothing but time." Resources Mentioned: NFPA 110: Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems NFPA 99: Health Care Facilities Code (96-hour fuel requirement) Tropical Storm Risk (TSR) - Organization providing hurricane forecasts NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) - Reference for average hurricane season data Bellicide Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: [00:00:00 - 00:05:00] Introduction and Context Setting - Welcome and host introduction - Recap of previous episode's 2025 Atlantic hurricane season predictions - Discussion of ACE Index differences between prediction groups - Transition from "how bad will it be" to "how to prepare" [00:05:00 - 00:08:00] Recommendation #1: Fuel Quality Testing - Emergency backup fuel quality requirements - Testing frequency: every 3-6 months for water, microbial contamination, and degradation - Healthcare sector: NFPA 110 compliance requirements - Telecom sector: Increased testing frequency due to smaller storage tanks [00:08:00 - 00:14:00] Recommendation #2: Full Generator Load Testing - Healthcare requirements: CMS and Joint Commission standards (30 minutes at 30% load monthly, 4-hour annual test) - Telecom testing protocols: Simulating full site failure including battery depletion - Power redundancy layers: Grid → UPS → Diesel generator - Load testing procedures for telecom facilities [00:14:00 - 00:18:00] Recommendation #3: Secure Sufficient Fuel Inventory - Multi-day outage planning - Healthcare sector: NFPA 99 requirement for 96-hour fuel supply - Netflix "Pulse" series example of fuel shortage scenario - Telecom priorities: Keeping tier one hubs online [00:18:00 - 00:21:00] Recommendation #4: Infrastructure Hardening - Protection against flooding, wind, and debris damage - Healthcare: Elevating day tanks and transfer pumps - Telecom security concerns: Post-storm theft prevention - 2024 statistics: Over 4,000 theft reports from telecom sites in three months [00:21:00 - 00:27:00] Recommendation #5: Vendor Coordination and Priority Systems - Multiple fuel vendor contracts - Healthcare coalitions and mutual aid agreements - Telecom registration systems: DIRS (Disaster Information Reporting System) and TSP (Telecommunications Service Priority) - Hurricane Maria 2017 case study: Major vs. smaller carriers' recovery experiences [00:27:00 - 00:35:00] Recommendation #6: Training and Tabletop Drills - Scenario-based training for system failures - Tabletop drill methodology and participants - Step-by-step emergency response planning - Challenging assumptions and documenting findings [00:35:00 - 00:43:00] Recommendation #7: Documentation Requirements - Comprehensive record-keeping for audits and reviews - Healthcare: CMS documentation requirements for fuel testing, generator logs, inventory monitoring - Telecom: NOC (Network Operations Center) level reporting tools - Automated alerts and monitoring systems [00:43:00 - 00:45:00] Episode Conclusion and Summary - Recap of seven key recommendations - Call to action for preparation - Podcast subscription and rating request - Closing remarks  

In Episode 74 of the Fuel Pulse Show podcast, host Erik Bjornstad discusses predictions for the 2025 Atlantic hurricane season. He explains how hurricane seasons are measured using named storms, hurricanes, major hurricanes, and the Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) index, which accounts for both storm intensity and duration.After reviewing forecasts from major institutions, including Colorado State University and the University of Arizona, the consensus indicates a near-normal to slightly above-average season with approximately 15 named storms expected. Differences in predictions largely stem from varying assumptions about sea surface temperatures. Bjornstad compares these predictions to 2024's active season, which ranked in the top 20 historically with an ACE index of 161.6, and previews the next episode, which will focus on hurricane preparation strategies for critical infrastructure industries. What You'll Learn: How hurricane seasons are measured and classified using named storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes The significance of the Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) index and how it's calculated Current predictions for the 2025 Atlantic hurricane season from multiple meteorological organizations How sea surface temperatures influence hurricane activity forecasts Comparison between upcoming predictions and recent hurricane seasons Historical context of significant hurricane seasons and notable storms The importance of hurricane preparation for critical infrastructure industries Why many named storms never make landfall in the United States Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "Hurricane season starts usually on June 1 and runs through November 30th and before June. All through that first part of the year, we start getting predictions about whether we should expect the coming season to be good, bad, or ugly." "The ACE index reflects this or confirms, makes us see that this idea that how bad a storm is isn't just reflected in something like, well, how, you know, what is its maximum wind speed. It really matters for saying how powerful a storm is. It really matters, not just if the winds are strong, but how long they are strong for." "The predictions are, it's not going to be a quiet season. It may not end up being as busy or as, as bad as the seasons were in 2017 or 2024, much less, you know, 2004, 2005, all of which were, shall we say, historically active hurricane seasons." Resources Mentioned: Tropical Storm Risk (TSR) - Organization providing hurricane forecasts NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) - Reference for average hurricane season data Bellicide Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: 00:00:00 - 01:00 - Introduction to the Fuel Pulse Show podcast with host Erik Bjornstad, explaining the show covers all aspects of fuel for professional and personal use. 01:00 - 02:00 - Introduction to the topic: expectations for the upcoming Atlantic hurricane season, mentioning the first predictions from four organizations (Tropical Storm Risk, Colorado State University, University of Arizona, and North Carolina State University). 02:00 - 05:00 - Explanation of what a typical hurricane season looks like, covering the three to four key elements in hurricane season predictions: average number of named storms (14), hurricanes (7), major hurricanes (3), and the ACE (Accumulated Cyclone Energy) index (70-110 units). 05:00 - 08:00 - Detailed explanation of how the ACE index is calculated for individual storms and entire hurricane seasons, using sustained wind speeds expressed in knots. 08:00 - 11:00 - Discussion of historical ACE index records, including the highest recorded in 1933 (258.6), and notable recent years like 2004/2005. Description of Hurricane Ivan (2004) which had the second-highest single-storm ACE index at over 70. 11:00 - 14:00 - Predictions for the 2025 Atlantic hurricane season from different organizations: Tropical Storm Risk (average season), Colorado State (above average), University of Arizona (normal), with varying predictions for named storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes. 14:00 - 16:00 - Analysis of differences in ACE index predictions (ranging from 110 to 155 units) based on assumptions about sea surface temperatures. 16:00 - 18:00 - Comparison with the 2024 hurricane season, which was more active than usual with 18 named storms, 11 hurricanes, 5 major hurricanes, and an ACE index of 161.6, including notable storms like Hurricane Barrel, Milton, and Kirk. 18:00 - 19:00 - Preview of the next episode on how to prepare for hurricane season, particularly for critical industries like healthcare and telecommunications that need reliable emergency backup systems and fuel supplies.

In Episode 73 of the Fuel Pulse Show podcast, host Erik Bjornstad tackles a common misconception in fuel storage management: that quick turn fuel systems are immune to microbial contamination. He explains how microbes can flourish in both slow turn (fuel stored for months or years) and quick turn systems (fuel cycled within days or weeks), as contamination resides not just in the fuel but in biofilms on tank surfaces. The episode outlines practical steps to prevent and address microbial growth including regular sampling, biannual testing, water removal, and proper biocide treatment with EPA-registered products. What You'll Learn: The difference between quick turn (high turn) and slow turn (low turn) fuel storage Why quick turn fuel tanks are not immune to microbial contamination How microbes establish biofilms on tank surfaces regardless of fuel turnover rate The consequences of ignoring microbial contamination (clogged filters, tank corrosion) Practical steps to prevent and address microbial growth in fuel storage systems Why water removal alone is insufficient to eliminate established microbial contamination The importance of using EPA-registered biocides for effective treatment Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "The issue isn't just the fuel, the issue's also with the tank and the storage system itself... The chance of problems developing does not rest simply on the fact that the fuel gets used up and keeps getting changed quickly. It matters more that the tank itself does not change." "Microbial contamination doesn't need the same fuel sitting in there undisturbed for months... All it needs is water and opportunity, and that they're going to get that both in a quick turn and a slow turn situation."  "The reality is that simply removing the water out of a system will not eliminate microbial contamination if microbial contamination is established in your tank. It will not go away simply if you remove the water. That is a myth that has had been held over from multiple decades in the past."  Resources Mentioned: Bell Performance testing kit Bellicide Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: [00:00:00] Introduction to the Fuel Pulse Show podcast and host Erik Bjornstad [00:01:00] Overview of businesses that rely on stored fuel (police, fire, utilities, telecoms, data centers, hospitals, fleets, agriculture) [00:02:00] Seasonal shifts in fuel management concerns from winter to spring/summer [00:03:00] Definition of quick turn (high turn) fuel users - fuel moves quickly through tanks [00:04:00] Introduction to the myth that microbial problems don't affect high turn fuel [00:05:00] Explanation of why quick turn fuel is not immune to microbial contamination [00:07:00] Examples of businesses using stored fuel and importance of fuel quality [00:08:00] Detailed explanation of low turn vs. high turn fuel usage patterns [00:10:00] Discussion of common misconception about quick turn fuel and microbes [00:12:00] Key insight: microbial contamination exists on tank surfaces, not just in fuel [00:14:00] How biofilms form and persist regardless of fuel turnover [00:15:00] How fuel drops can stir up and spread existing microbial contamination [00:17:00] Consequences of ignoring microbial contamination: clogged filters and tank corrosion [00:19:00] How to prevent microbial problems in quick turn tanks [00:21:00] Step 1: Regular fuel sampling with proper equipment (bacon bomb sampler) [00:23:00] Step 2: Biannual microbial testing using TP by filtration method [00:24:00] Step 3: Water removal and biocide treatment if contamination is found [00:26:00] Importance of using EPA-registered biocides for effective treatment [00:28:00] Closing remarks and subscription information

Erik Bjornstad continues the discussion on diagnosing generator problems, focusing on when and how to test fuel before accepting a technician's diagnosis that "bad fuel" is causing your generator failures. The episode covers proper fuel testing procedures, sampling techniques, visual inspection clues, and how to interpret lab results to save potentially thousands in unnecessary fuel replacement costs. Erik emphasizes the value of proper diagnostics and consulting with true fuel experts when generator technicians (who often lack fuel expertise) blame fuel quality for system issues. What You'll Learn: Why generator service technicians often blame fuel for problems when they can't find mechanical issues The specific properties of diesel fuel that can legitimately cause generator problems (flashpoint, cetane rating, viscosity, lubricity) How to properly sample fuel for testing without contaminating the sample Why pulling samples from the "dead bottom" of tanks provides misleading results How to use a "bacon bomb" fuel sampler to get diagnostically functional samples What visual inspection can (and cannot) tell you about fuel quality Why gasoline contamination in diesel is hazardous Which laboratory tests provide the most valuable diagnostic information How to interpret fuel test results to make informed decisions When to consider consulting with a specialized fuel expert Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "Most of the generator service technicians, they know a lot about generators. They do not know that much about fuel. Most of them that conclude that the condition has to be due to a fuel problem, they don't really know enough to say that for sure, to make that diagnosis for sure." "Before you commit to dumping thousands of dollars worth of stored fuel over a technician's hunch like this, you need to take some diagnostic steps to confirm whether the fuel actually is bad and is causing the problems that they think it is." "If all of the tests come back in spec, then that means your fuel's normal. Your fuel meets the minimum requirements in all of the areas that have been determined by the industry to have to do with supporting the minimum operating functions of your engine and your generator and not contributing to component damage." Resources Mentioned: Bell Performance testing kits ASTM D975 specifications Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: [00:00:00] Introduction and recap of Part 1 [00:02:00] Why generator technicians blame fuel problems [00:04:00] What kinds of problems can out-of-spec fuel cause? [00:05:00] Combustion characteristics and their impact [00:06:00] Fuel lubricity ratings and biodiesel impact [00:07:00] Particulate contaminants and filter problems [00:08:00] Real-world example: municipality generator problems [00:10:00] Debunking filter damage claims from fuel [00:11:00] EPA registration of fuel treatments [00:13:00] Importance of fuel testing [00:14:00] Third-party laboratory testing explained [00:15:00] Which tests to use based on suspected problems [00:17:00] Proper fuel sampling techniques [00:20:00] Using a "bacon bomb" fuel sampler [00:22:00] Visual inspection - clear and bright fuel [00:24:00] Gasoline contamination in diesel fuel [00:26:00] ASTM mission-critical test slate [00:29:00] Understanding fuel test results [00:31:00] When to consult mechanical experts [00:33:00] Closing remarks and contact information

This episode explores common generator problems and challenges the automatic assumption that fuel is always to blame. Erik Bjornstad outlines a systematic approach to diagnosing generator issues, presenting four key diagnostic steps: checking fuel filters, examining fuel lines, inspecting valves, and looking for additional filters. The episode emphasizes the importance of proper diagnosis to avoid unnecessary expensive solutions like fuel disposal or part replacement. Special attention is given to detecting microbial contamination through various signs and testing methods. The host stresses that while fuel can be the culprit, other factors should be investigated before reaching that conclusion. What You'll Learn: The systematic approach to diagnosing generator problems Four key diagnostic steps for troubleshooting generator issues How to identify signs of microbial contamination in fuel systems The true costs associated with fuel disposal and system repairs Why fuel isn't always the culprit in generator failures Methods for testing and confirming microbial contamination The importance of proper diagnosis before expensive solutions Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "The fuel is bad isn't actually the right answer to the problem." "If you have evidence of microbial contamination, it's never a question of if it's going to lead to a future problem. It is always a question of when is that going to happen." "Most of the generator service technicians who conclude that the condition's due to a fuel problem, they actually don't know that much about fuel, but they'll blame the fuel anyway because it's the easiest thing to do." Resources Mentioned: Bell Performance testing kits ASTM D975 specifications Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: [00:00:00] - Show introduction and overview [00:01:00] - Discussion of seasonal fuel challenges [00:02:00] - Introduction to generator problems and fuel blame [00:04:00] - Common scenario of generator service technician diagnosis [00:06:00] - Why technicians often blame fuel problems [00:08:00] - Cost implications of fuel disposal [00:12:00] - Diagnostic Step 1: Checking fuel filters [00:15:00] - Diagnostic Step 2: Checking fuel lines [00:17:00] - Diagnostic Step 3: Examining valves [00:18:00] - Diagnostic Step 4: Third filter inspection [00:20:00] - Discussion of microbial contamination [00:22:00] - Five signs of microbial growth [00:24:00] - Testing methods for contamination [00:26:00] - Preview of part 2 [00:28:00] - Closing remarks and subscription information

In Episode 70 of the Fuel Pulse Show, Erik Bjornstad provides a comprehensive analysis of the upcoming winter weather forecast across different U.S. regions. Following last year's unusually warm winter, meteorologists predict varying conditions: the South and Lower Midwest expect above-average temperatures until February, the Northeast and Upper Midwest anticipate alternating cold and mild periods, while the West faces early snow followed by rain. The forecast is influenced by three major factors: La Niña conditions, Polar Vortex patterns, and warmer-than-usual Gulf and Pacific water temperatures. The episode concludes with practical advice for managing diesel fuel in cold weather conditions. What You'll Learn: Detailed regional weather predictions for different parts of the United States How La Niña differs from El Niño and affects winter weather patterns The role of the Polar Vortex in determining winter temperatures Impact of ocean water temperatures on continental weather systems Practical tips for managing diesel fuel in cold weather conditions Understanding cloud point temperature and its importance How to prepare for and prevent fuel gelling problems Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "The winter of 2023 to 2024 ended up being notably warm and mild across much of the United States. In fact, several warmth records were set and you had below-normal snowfall in many regions of the country." "When you have a strong La Niña, that gives you more extreme weather patterns... the U.S. might experience colder and stormier conditions than usual." "It really just illustrates how interconnected our planet's climate system is where anomalies that happen in one part of the ocean... can lead to significant weather changes that affect an entire continent." Resources Mentioned: Winter weather data La Nina weather pattern Polar vortex meteorological data Cloud point temperature guidelines for diesel fuel Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: [00:00:00] - Show introduction and podcast overview [00:01:00] - Introduction to winter weather forecast topic [00:02:00] - Review of Winter 2023-2024 conditions [00:04:00] - Explanation of El Niño and its effects [00:08:00] - Regional forecast overview [00:09:00] - Northeast and Upper Midwest predictions [00:14:00] - Southern and Central Plains forecast [00:18:00] - Mountain West and West Coast outlook [00:21:00] - Three major influencing factors [00:22:00] - La Niña system explanation [00:27:00] - Polar Vortex discussion [00:29:00] - Gulf and Pacific water temperatures [00:33:00] - Regional summary of predictions [00:35:00] - Diesel fuel management tips for winter [00:39:00] - Episode wrap-up and closing

Host Erik Bjornstad discusses solid biocide sticks (also known as bug sticks) and their use in fuel management. While these sticks offer the apparent advantages of easy handling and convenient dosing, they face significant limitations.The episode explores six major problems with solid biocide sticks, including their lack of approval for on-road fuel use, water solubility issues, and potential tank corrosion risks. Bjornstad explains why these limitations make them unsuitable for many non-industrial fuel care scenarios, despite their popularity in specific industrial applications like bulk crude storage and pipelines. What You'll Learn: The history and development of bronopal as a biocide chemistry Why solid biocide sticks require specific conditions to work effectively The six major problems associated with solid biocide stick usage Regulatory limitations on biocide use in on-road fuels How biocide approvals work through the EPA's Division of Pesticides The difference between industrial and non-industrial fuel storage applications Why consistent biocide dosing matters for fuel treatment Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "Nothing is completely good, and nothing is completely bad. Even if you have something that seems to have a lot of problems, there are still always at least some good points that that thing will bring to the table." "Applying biocides - that is the biggest key factor for resolving microbial contamination because in order to eliminate a microbial contamination problem, you have to kill the microbes." "If a biocide is not legally approved for use in a specific situation... then it's not legal to use it in that situation." Resources Mentioned: Belicide (thiosinane chemistry) Kethon (isothiazolone chemistry) ClearKill (MBO chemistry) Compare Bellicide and Clearkill Dow Fuel Saver (nitromorphlin chemistry) EPA's Division of Pesticides Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: [00:00:00] - Introduction and overview of fuel management [00:02:00] - Discussion of biocide importance in fuel treatment [00:04:00] - Introduction of common biocide types [00:05:00] - Introduction to solid biocide sticks [00:12:00] - History and background of bronopal [00:17:00] - Advantages claimed for solid biocide sticks [00:21:00] - Six problems with solid biocide sticks [00:32:00] - Discussion of engine deposits [00:37:00] - Summary and conclusions [00:40:00] - Closing remarks and show information

This episode of Fuel Pulse Show focuses on interpreting fuel test results, particularly for stored fuel samples. Host Erik Bjornstad guides listeners through various testing methods, including both ASTM D975 standard tests and predictive tests.The episode covers critical measurements like distillation temperatures, API gravity, cloud point, flashpoint, and cetane index, while also addressing water content and microbial testing. Practical solutions for addressing failing test results are provided, making this a comprehensive guide for fuel maintenance professionals. What You'll Learn: How to interpret D975 standard fuel test results Understanding the significance of distillation test parameters The importance of API gravity measurements How to interpret cloud point and cold weather indicators The meaning of flashpoint test results Understanding cetane index and its impact on engine performance The significance of water content testing How to interpret stability and microbial test results Solutions for addressing various types of test failures How to handle multiple failing test scenarios Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "Many of these options are ASTM tests, like those listed in the slate known as D 975. If it passes all the different D 975 tests, there's no reason that the fuel won't work properly if you use it." "Microbial testing is also predictive because if you have elevated microbial counts and you don't do anything, there's a very strong probability that they're going to cause problems in your fuel at some point in the future." "It's also not uncommon to have multiples of these tests coming back failing at the same time because of common factors that affect multiples of them at the same time." Resources Mentioned: ASTM D975 specifications Bell Performance testing services Cold Flow Improver anti-gel solution Supertane cetane improver Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: [00:00:00] - Introduction to episode and Back to School series [00:01:00] - Discussion of different fuel test types and D975 specifications [00:02:00] - Introduction to distillation test requirements [00:03:00] - Explanation of API gravity testing and implications [00:04:00] - Discussion of cloud point and cold filter plug point temperatures [00:05:00] - Coverage of flashpoint specifications [00:06:00] - Explanation of cetane index and its requirements [00:07:00] - Details on total particulate testing [00:08:00] - Introduction to water testing methods [00:09:00] - Coverage of stability testing procedures [00:10:00] - Discussion of microbial testing importance [00:11:00] - Solutions for various test failures [00:12:00] - Addressing multiple failing test scenarios [00:13:00] - Closing remarks and call to action

This episode explores proper fuel sampling techniques and locations for different types of fuel testing. Erik Bjornstad explains how contaminants concentrate at tank bottoms, making sampling location crucial for accurate test results. He details specific sampling heights for different tests, introduces the bacon bomb sampler, and provides guidance on sample handling. The episode covers testing for physical properties, microbial contamination, and water content, emphasizing that bottom samples (3-6 inches from bottom) provide the best diagnostic value for comprehensive testing. The discussion includes proper container selection and sample preservation techniques. What You'll Learn: How sampling location affects test accuracy Proper usage of a bacon bomb sampler Best sampling depths for different fuel tests Sample handling and preservation techniques Container selection for different test types Methods for measuring tank depth Best practices for comprehensive fuel testing Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "Where you sample from in a fuel tank can have a big impact on the test results that you get from that sample." "For stability testing, we prefer a bottom sample for that." "A bacon bomb is a non-sparking metal cylinder... probably the most commonly used thing for taking fuel samples in the industry." Resources Mentioned: Bacon bomb sampler Bell Performance sampling attachments (3-inch, 6-inch, and 12-inch) ASTM visual inspection standards Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: [00:00:00] Introduction to fuel sampling best practices [00:01:45] Discussion of sampling locations for different tests  [00:02:00] Physical properties testing locations  [00:03:00] Microbial contamination sampling  [00:04:00] Water and sediment testing requirements  [00:05:00] Sampling equipment and techniques  [00:05:30] Bacon bomb sampler demonstration  [00:08:00] Sample container recommendations  [00:09:30] Best practices for multiple tests

This episode explores proper fuel sampling techniques as part of effective fuel maintenance. Erik Bjornstad discusses the critical aspects of where and how to take fuel samples to ensure accurate testing results. He explains that sample location significantly impacts test outcomes, with different tank depths containing varying levels of contaminants. The episode covers specific sampling depths, proper port selection, and why dead bottom samples should be avoided. Bjornstad emphasizes that sampling technique directly affects the reliability of test results and their representation of the overall fuel quality in a tank. What You'll Learn: The relationship between sampling technique and test result accuracy Optimal sampling locations within fuel tanks Why choosing the right sampling port matters Proper sampling depths for top, middle, and bottom samples Common pitfalls in fuel sampling How contaminants distribute throughout fuel tanks Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "Test results really are only true of the sample submitted for testing." "The bottom of the fuel tank is where most of the particulate and the microbial contamination... that's where most of those things are concentrated." "Bottom sample does not mean a dead bottom sample right at the very bottom." Resources Mentioned: Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: [0:00] - Introduction and episode overview [1:00] - Importance of proper sampling techniques [2:00] - Sampling locations and their impact on test results [3:00] - Bottom tank contamination considerations [4:00] - Middle and top sampling implications [5:00] - Port selection for sampling [6:00] - Defining sample depths [7:00] - Bottom sampling best practices [7:30] - Closing remarks

In this episode, Erik Bjornstad explains the comprehensive process of fuel polishing. He covers when to polish fuel based on test results, particularly the ASTM water and sediment test. The episode details two main methods: inline and off-site polishing, with a focus on the sweep, treat, and circulate methodology. Bjornstad provides specific guidance on chemical treatments, filtration systems, and the importance of proper timing and sequence. He emphasizes the need for multiple passes through the filtration system and proper documentation before and after samples. What You'll Learn: How to determine when fuel polishing is necessary The difference between inline and off-site polishing The sweep, treat, and circulate methodology Proper chemical treatment timing and sequence Three-stage filtration system components How to calculate the required polishing duration Best practices for sampling and documentation Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "The goal for fuel polishing is to remove contaminants and restore the fuel quality." "Different people do have different ways of doing this. There is no one true best way to do this." "Effective fuel polishing usually requires multiple turnovers of the entire fuel volume to get that thorough cleaning that you're looking for." Resources Mentioned: ASTM D975 (fuel specifications) Tank Treatment SDF DFS Plus Biocide treatments Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: [00:00:00] - Introduction and topic overview [00:01:00] - Discussion of fuel testing methods [00:02:00] - Types of fuel polishing methods [00:03:00] - Best practices for fuel polishing [00:04:00] - The sweep, treat, circulate procedure [00:06:00] - Water scavenging chemicals [00:07:00] - Filtration system components [00:09:00] - Duration and number of passes [00:10:00] - Process recap [00:11:00] - Closing remarks

In this educational episode, Erik Bjornstad explores the relationship between biodiesel and corrosion in fuel systems. He explains that while pure biodiesel (B100) can have corrosive properties, the common low-percentage blends (B2-B20) used in today's diesel fuel don't pose significant corrosion risks. The episode clarifies that modern fuel systems using materials like stainless steel and aluminum are well-equipped to handle these blends. The real concerns with biodiesel additions center around increased water retention and potential microbe growth, rather than corrosion issues that are more commonly associated with higher-concentration blends. What You'll Learn: The definition and composition of biodiesel blends Why biodiesel is added to conventional diesel fuel The truth about biodiesel's impact on fuel mileage Water retention properties of different biodiesel blends How biodiesel affects modern vs. older fuel systems Real concerns vs. common misconceptions about biodiesel Impact of different biodiesel concentrations on corrosion Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "Virtually all the diesel fuel that you get has some amount of biodiesel in it, usually between two and 5%." "A B5 blend can hold 70 percent more dissolved water than what they call a B0 fuel without any bio in it." "Studies have shown that lower level biodiesel blends like B5 and B20 generally do not exhibit the same level of corrosiveness as a B100 does." Resources Mentioned: ASTM D975 (fuel specifications) Renewable Fuels Standard Legislation Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: [00:00:00] - Introduction and episode overview [00:01:00] - Definition of biodiesel and blending basics [00:02:00] - Reasons for biodiesel addition in fuel [00:03:00] - Addressing common misconceptions about biodiesel [00:04:00] - Water retention properties of biodiesel [00:05:00] - Microbe problems and corrosion concerns [00:06:00] - Chemical properties and metal interactions [00:07:00] - Effects on rubber and plastic components [00:08:00] - Analysis of different biodiesel blend impacts [00:09:00] - Real concerns vs. theoretical problems [00:10:00] - Episode summary and outro

This episode explores the critical role of fuel stabilizers in maintaining stored fuel quality. Host Erik Bjornstad discusses why petroleum fuels naturally degrade over time, the chemistry behind fuel degradation, and how stabilizers work to prevent deterioration. The episode provides practical advice on when and how to use fuel stabilizers effectively, including best practices for application and testing. What You'll Learn: Why fuel naturally degrades over time How chemical reactions affect stored fuel The role of stabilizers in preventing fuel degradation Best practices for applying fuel stabilizers How to determine when to retreat fuel with stabilizers The importance of oxidative stability testing Proper timing for stabilizer application Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "The ugly truth is, petroleum fuels start to degrade from almost the start of their refined life." "The best way to stop a chain reaction is to stop the links in that chain as far up the chain as possible." "Stability is the concept of resisting change. Fuel stability refers to a fuel's ability to resist change in its essential properties." Resources Mentioned: Oxidative stability testing + Water and sediment testing Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: [00:00:00] - Introduction and episode overview [00:01:00] - Explanation of fuel degradation process [00:02:00] - Introduction to fuel stabilizers [00:03:00] - How stabilizers work to prevent fuel degradation [00:04:00] - Chemical composition of stabilizers [00:05:00] - Best practices for stabilizer application [00:06:00] - Frequency of treatment and testing [00:07:00] - Recap of key points [00:08:00] - Closing remarks and subscription information

This episode continues the Back to School series, focusing on identifying and treating microbial contamination in fuel systems. Erik Bjornstad discusses both indirect and direct methods for detecting contamination, emphasizing the importance of proper testing and treatment. The episode provides practical guidance on addressing contamination through water removal and biocide application, while also educating listeners about legitimate biocide products versus questionable alternatives. What You'll Learn: How to identify signs of microbial contamination in fuel systems The difference between direct and indirect testing methods Why removing water alone isn't sufficient to solve contamination How to properly treat microbial contamination How to identify legitimate biocide products The importance of EPA registration for biocides Best practices for applying biocide treatments Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "Biocides are chemicals that kill living microbial organisms, but they can't kill what they can't get to." "Microbes are very adaptive. They don't need very much water to grow." "Step one is, remove as much of the free water as you can. Yes. But you can't stop there." Resources: EPA Registration Numbers (referenced as verification tool) Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: [00:00:00] - Introduction and recap of previous episode [00:01:00] - Indirect signs of microbial contamination [00:02:00] - Additional contamination indicators [00:03:00] - Direct testing methods [00:04:00] - Solutions: What not to do [00:05:00] - Proper contamination treatment [00:06:00] - Discussion of biocides [00:07:00] - How to identify genuine biocides [00:08:00] - EPA registration requirements [00:09:00] - Episode summary and closing

In this episode of the Fuel Pulse Show's Back to School series, host Erik Bjornstad discusses the increasing problem of microbial contamination in modern stored fuels. He explains why today's ultra-low sulfur diesel fuels are more susceptible to microbial growth than older fuels, highlighting the role of water accumulation and fuel composition changes. The episode covers the types of microbes found in fuel systems, where they thrive, and the problems they cause, including fuel degradation, corrosion, and filter plugging. Bjornstad emphasizes the importance of early detection and treatment of microbial contamination to prevent widespread issues in fuel storage and distribution systems. What You'll Learn: Why modern stored fuels are more susceptible to microbial contamination Types of microbes commonly found in fuel systems Factors contributing to microbial growth in fuel storage tanks Problems caused by microbial contamination in fuel systems The importance of water management in preventing microbial growth How microbes contribute to fuel degradation and system corrosion The potential for microbial contamination to spread throughout fuel systems Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "The stored ultra low sulfur diesel fuels of today are markedly different from the fuels of decades past. And nowhere is that more evident than the realization that today's stored fuels are much less resistant to microbial contamination than they used to be." "If you have a storage tank and you find a water phase of almost any size, then if you find that, then if you don't already have microbe contamination already, it's only a matter of time until you do." "Microbes cause problems because unless you kill them, they have the potential to spread just about anywhere the fuel goes." Resources: Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: [00:00:00] Introduction to the Fuel Pulse Show and the Back to School series [00:00:30] Discussion on how modern stored fuels are more susceptible to microbial contamination [00:01:00] Overview of microbes in fuel systems: bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and molds [00:02:00] Reasons for increased microbial problems in today's fuels [00:03:00] Where microbes thrive in fuel storage systems [00:04:00] Problems caused by microbial contamination: fuel quality degradation and corrosion [00:05:00] Issues with biomass/biofilm production and the potential for contamination spread [00:06:00] Teaser for the next episode on detecting microbial contamination [00:06:30] Closing remarks and call to action for subscribers and reviews

In this episode, Erik Bjornstad interviews Matt Leuck from Neste about renewable diesel. They discuss the properties, production process, and potential benefits of renewable diesel compared to conventional diesel and biodiesel. Matt explains that renewable diesel is a drop-in replacement for fossil diesel, with superior performance in areas like cetane rating, cold flow properties, and emissions. They also explore the market outlook, policy considerations, and future developments in renewable fuels. What You'll Learn: The chemical differences between renewable diesel and biodiesel How renewable diesel performs in terms of cetane, cold flow, stability, and lubricity The production process and feedstocks used for renewable diesel Environmental benefits and emissions reductions from using renewable diesel Challenges and opportunities for widespread adoption of renewable diesel Future developments in renewable fuel technology Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: Matt Leuck: "Renewable diesel with the right additives and chemistry, it's not going to be the issue. It's not going to be the cause of any problems for customers. And in fact, you probably get some better protection because of that extra dosing." Matt Leuck: "We can reduce that life cycle carbon emissions by up to 75% compared to like at the fossil diesel baseline." Erik Bjornstad: "Petro, petroleum fuel usage is not going to just magically go away after 2030. There's going to have to be phased in solutions to get us to the place where everybody wants to be are going to have to be phased in." Resources: Neste website California Low Carbon Fuel Standard Federal Renewable Fuel Standard ASTM D975 diesel fuel specification Blender Tax Credit (BTC) Clean Fuel Production Credit (45Z program) Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: [00:00:00] Introduction and guest background [00:04:00] Explanation of renewable diesel vs biodiesel [00:11:00] Properties of renewable diesel (cetane, cold flow, stability) [00:22:00] Lubricity and additives in renewable diesel [00:26:00] Production process and feedstocks [00:31:00] Policy and legislation discussion [00:35:00] Emissions and environmental benefits [00:39:00] Market outlook for renewable diesel [00:44:00] Future of renewable fuels and closing thoughts

In this episode of the Fuel Pulse Show, host Erik Bjornstad continues the "back to school" series, focusing on preventing winter gelling problems in ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel. He discusses two main solutions: anti-gel chemical packages and kerosene dilution. Bjornstad explains how cold flow improvers work by keeping wax crystals dispersed and suspended in the fuel. He compares the costs and effectiveness of both methods, providing guidance on when and how often to treat stored fuel based on temperature forecasts. The episode emphasizes the importance of proactive treatment to avoid operational shutdowns due to fuel gelling, especially given increasingly unpredictable weather patterns. What You'll Learn: The basics of winter gelling problems in ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel Two main solutions for preventing gelling: anti-gel chemical packages and kerosene dilution How cold flow improvers work to keep wax crystals dispersed in fuel Cost considerations for both anti-gel treatments and kerosene dilution When and how often to treat stored fuel based on temperature forecasts The importance of monitoring temperature trends for effective fuel treatment Considerations for retreating fuel during the winter season The potential consequences of not treating fuel and the value of proactive measures Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "Now, we wouldn't be talking about all these problems if there weren't solutions to help with them. The common options to prevent gelling problems from happening that we see out there in the world, The real world, so to speak." "Treating your fuel to protect against gelling is relatively inexpensive to do compared to the financial cost of having a gelling problem that shuts down operations of whatever kind of engine you're in charge with." "We've all seen that the weather is more and more unpredictable in recent years, and you don't want to get caught unprepared." Resources: Cold flow improver Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: 00:00:00 - Introduction to the Fuel Pulse Show and topic overview 00:00:40 - Recap of previous discussions on winter gelling problems in diesel fuel 00:01:13 - Introduction to two main solutions: anti-gel chemical packages and kerosene dilution 00:01:40 - Explanation of cold flow treatment and how it works 00:03:00 - Discussion on keeping wax crystals suspended in fuel 00:04:00 - Introduction to kerosene dilution method 00:05:00 - Cost considerations for anti-gel treatments and kerosene dilution 00:07:00 - Comparison of costs between anti-gel and kerosene methods 00:08:00 - Guidance on when to treat stored fuel 00:09:00 - Importance of temperature forecasts and trends 00:10:00 - Considerations for retreating fuel during the season 00:11:00 - Conclusion and recommendations for protecting stored diesel fuel

In this Fuel Pulse Show podcast episode, host Erik Bjornstad delves deeper into the complexities of diesel fuel gelling. Building on previous discussions about cloud point and cold filter plug point temperatures, Bjornstad explains how temperature patterns, not just absolute temperatures, affect fuel gelling. He presents four common temperature scenarios and their impacts on diesel fuel, highlighting the importance of sustained cold periods and sudden temperature drops. The episode emphasizes that while typical cloud points for diesel fuels are around 16-17°F, individual fuel compositions and temperature change rates play crucial roles in gelling behavior. Bjornstad concludes by previewing the next episode on prevention strategies. What You'll Learn: How temperature patterns affect diesel fuel gelling The impact of sustained cold periods on wax formation in diesel fuel The difference between gradual and sudden temperature drops on fuel gelling Why individual fuel compositions matter in predicting gelling behavior The importance of understanding cloud point and cold filter plug point temperatures How uncertainty in exact fuel properties affects preparation strategies Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "Diesel fuel clouding and gelling doesn't just have to do with how cold it's getting, it's affected a lot by how the temperature goes up and down." "Steep and quick temperature drops actually make paraffin waxes come out of the fuel to a greater extent than a gradual or steady decline, even if you're talking about going down to the same temperature in both scenarios." "You do not know that short of having it tested. And this margin of uncertainty is going to impact the recommendations for how and when you should prepare for these problems." Resources: Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: [00:00:00] Introduction and recap of previous episode on diesel fuel jelling [00:01:00] Explanation of how temperature patterns affect fuel jelling [00:02:00] Introduction to various temperature scenarios [00:03:00] Scenario 1: Temperature drops and rises above cloud point [00:04:00] Scenario 2: Temperature stays close to cloud point for days [00:05:00] Scenario 3: Temperature drops steadily below cloud point [00:06:00] Scenario 4: Sharp temperature drops and their effects [00:07:00] Review of key points and preview of next episode [00:08:00] Closing remarks and call to subscribe

In this episode of the Fuel Pulse Show podcast, host Erik Bjornstad explores diesel fuel's behavior in cold temperatures. He explains the fuel's composition, focusing on paraffin wax molecules and their role in cold weather problems. The episode covers key concepts such as cloud point and cold filter plug point, detailing how paraffin wax crystallization occurs and affects fuel performance. Bjornstad provides typical temperature ranges for these phenomena and discusses factors influencing fuel gelling. The episode concludes with a preview of future content on temperature patterns and prevention strategies for cold weather fuel issues. What You'll Learn: The composition of diesel fuel and the role of paraffin wax molecules How temperature affects the solubility of paraffin wax in diesel fuel The concept of cloud point and its typical temperature range The process of wax crystallization and its impact on fuel performance The definition and importance of cold filter plug point Factors influencing the difference between cloud point and cold filter plug point Why gasoline and kerosene don't have the same gelling problems as diesel fuel Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "Diesel fuel is actually a mixture or a blend of a bunch of different petroleum hydrocarbon molecules of varying sizes and shapes." "The temperature at which enough of these crystals have come out of solution that you can see them in the fuel, that is called the cloud point of the fuel." "Cold filter plug point temperature, when you're looking at that, it's not just the fuel, you've also got the factor of the filter that's involved." Resources: Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: [00:00:00] Introduction to the episode's topic: What happens to diesel fuel in cold temperatures [00:01:00] Explanation of diesel fuel composition and paraffin wax [00:02:00] Discussion of how paraffin wax becomes insoluble as fuel cools [00:03:00] Introduction to the concept of cloud point [00:04:00] Typical cloud point temperature for ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel [00:05:00] Explanation of wax crystallization process as temperature drops [00:06:00] Discussion of what happens when temperature stays cold or drops further [00:07:00] Explanation of how wax buildup affects fuel filters and engine operation [00:08:00] Introduction to cold filter plug point temperature [00:09:00] Comparison of cloud point and cold filter plug point temperatures [00:10:00] Recap of key points learned about diesel fuel in cold temperatures [00:11:00] Preview of next episode's content [00:12:00] Closing remarks and call to action for listeners

In this episode of the Fuel Pulse Show, host Erik Bjornstad delves into the basics of long-term diesel fuel storage. He explains that diesel fuel begins to degrade almost immediately after refining due to unstable molecules and environmental factors like heat, oxygen, water, and microbial contamination. Bjornstad discusses various tests to assess fuel health, including water and sediment, oxidative stability, and microbial testing. He recommends removing water and biomass, eliminating microbial contamination, and using fuel stabilizers to slow degradation. The episode emphasizes the importance of early intervention and regular maintenance to extend the life of stored diesel fuel, providing valuable insights for fuel storage management. What You'll Learn: The chemical processes that occur in stored diesel fuel Factors that accelerate fuel degradation during storage How to assess the health and stability of stored fuel Key tests for evaluating fuel condition, including water and sediment, oxidative stability, and microbial tests Methods to slow down fuel degradation and extend storage life The importance of removing water and biomass from stored fuel Why addressing microbial contamination is crucial for fuel stability The role of fuel stabilizers in preserving fuel quality Best practices for maintaining stored diesel fuel over long periods The significance of early intervention in fuel storage management Ideas Worth Sharing: Here are three notable quotes from the podcast episode: "Heat speeds up all of those chemical reactions linked to degrading the fuel. This kind of process always happens faster in hot weather than cold weather." "Using a fuel stabilizer is an essential step to stopping the oxidative and other chemical reactions that, if left unchecked, will result in stored fuel degradation." "Even if you could avoid every single one of these, you would still have reactive precursor molecules already in the fuel that would start to attack healthy fuel molecules virtually from day one." Resources: ASTM 975 (referenced in relation to the water and sediment test) Erik Bjornstad: LinkedIn Show Notes: 00:00 - Introduction and episode topic 00:59 - What happens when fuel is stored 01:59 - Factors that speed up fuel degradation 03:59 - Ways to assess fuel health and stability 05:59 - Key tests for evaluating stored fuel condition 07:59 - Methods to slow down fuel degradation 09:59 - Conclusion and recap