H2Orthopedics

This summary provides an in-depth exploration of tibial spine avulsion, a knee injury commonly seen in skeletally immature patients. The episode discusses the anatomy of the tibial spine, the causes of avulsion in young athletes, and the potential long-term complications associated with this injury. Treatment options, both surgical and non-operative, are also covered, with a focus on the importance of proper rehabilitation and monitoring for postoperative complications.

Orthobiologics, including PRP and stem cell injections, have gained popularity in orthopedic surgery as potential treatments for a variety of conditions. While these injections hold promise, there is still much debate and uncertainty surrounding their effectiveness and appropriate use. PRP injections involve drawing blood from the patient and separating the plasma and platelets, which are then reinjected into the target tissues. Stem cell injections, on the other hand, utilize bone marrow or adipose tissue-derived cells with the potential to differentiate into different types of tissues. Despite their popularity, the scientific consensus on when and how to use orthobiologics remains unclear, with conflicting research and varying opinions. The FDA has strict regulations regarding their use, including limitations on cell manipulation and requiring the injections to be performed in the same setting. It is important for patients to have informed discussions with their healthcare providers to fully understand the potential benefits and limitations of orthobiologic treatments.

Tibial plateau fractures, a common occurrence in winter sports like skiing, can significantly impact an athlete's performance and overall knee joint health. This podcast episode of h2 Orthopedics explores the mechanism of tibial plateau fractures and the factors that influence the decision between surgical and non-surgical treatment options. The fractures typically occur when the femoral condyle impacts the top of the shin bone with enough force to cause a fracture. The severity and location of the fracture determine the necessary treatment approach, with the Schatzker classification providing a framework for categorizing these fractures. Non-displaced or minimally displaced fractures may be managed conservatively, while fractures with significant displacement or multiple fragments require surgical intervention. Rehabilitation strategies emphasize protecting the healing bone, gradually restoring range of motion, and strengthening the surrounding muscles. By understanding the complexities of tibial plateau fractures, healthcare professionals can effectively guide patients through their recovery journey and optimize outcomes.

ACL revision surgery is a procedure performed when a patient's anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has failed. This transcript delves into the reasons for ACL revision and the considerations to be taken prior to the surgery. The episode discusses various factors that can contribute to the failure of an ACL graft, such as improper tunnel positioning and size, alignment issues, meniscus tears, and ligament instability. It highlights the importance of preoperative planning and the need to assess the patient's unique situation before proceeding with a revision. The episode also explores different graft options, mentioning autografts and allografts, and emphasizes the significance of choosing the most suitable graft for each individual. Additionally, it touches upon the possibility of staging the procedure if bone grafting, osteotomy, or additional ligament reconstruction is necessary. Overall, this transcript provides valuable insights into ACL revision surgery and the importance of tailoring the approach to each patient's specific needs.

Back pain is a common and often debilitating condition that affects a large portion of the population. In this comprehensive guide,  Doctor of Medical Science, Physician Assistant, and Athletic Trainer Mike Begg discusses the different causes of back pain and offers insights into managing and treating the condition. He explains that, in most cases, back pain is muscular in nature, and can be attributed to an imbalance in core muscles. Begg emphasizes the importance of rest, stretching, and physical therapy in treating muscular back pain, along with the judicious use of over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications. However, he cautions against over-reliance on advanced imaging, as back pain is usually not associated with serious underlying issues. Begg also delves into the potential causes of back pain, including arthritis, disc problems, fractures, and nerve compression. He discusses various treatment options, including injections and surgical interventions, highlighting the importance of individualized care and the role of physical therapy in recovery. Finally, he cautions against ignoring back pain with associated weakness as this may be indicative of a more serious issue.

This podcast episode delves into the complex and intriguing process of surgery, providing a comprehensive overview from the decision to undergo a surgical procedure to the post-operative recovery. The host, Mike Begg, shares his extensive experience in sports medicine and orthopedics, shedding light on the many steps involved in getting a patient from point A to point Z. From obtaining surgical authorization to scheduling the procedure, reviewing medications and past surgical history, to the actual operating room experience and post-operative care, Mike highlights the crucial role played by various healthcare professionals in ensuring a successful surgical outcome. This behind-the-scenes look at the intricacies of surgery serves to educate and inform patients, support staff, and the entire treatment team about the collaborative efforts required to navigate this complex process.

In this engaging case study, a 56-year-old man presents with shoulder pain following a tennis ball throw but exhibits atypical symptoms. Despite initial suspicions of a rotator cuff tear, further examination reveals potential neck involvement. The patient experiences weakness, limited motion, and radiating pain down the arm. Range of motion tests and strength assessments indicate a combination of shoulder and neck issues. X-rays detect arthritic changes in the cervical spine, narrowing the neural foramina and likely impinging the nerves. The subsequent MRI findings confirm a partial rotator cuff tear and stenosis in the cervical spine. Treatment involves targeted injections to alleviate symptoms and eventually leads to cervical spine decompression surgery. This case underscores the importance of considering differential diagnoses and utilizing appropriate imaging to identify and address the root cause of shoulder pain.

Chondral defects can cause knee pain, swelling, and limited range of motion. In this podcast episode, an orthopedic specialist presents a case study of a 45-year-old patient experiencing knee pain and swelling after an injury. The examination reveals a large effusion and tenderness on the medial side of the knee joint. X-rays show slight narrowing of the medial compartment, indicating potential early osteoarthritic changes. An MRI confirms a full-thickness chondral defect on the medial femoral condyle and a loose body in the knee joint. Treatment options discussed include conservative management with physical therapy, injections, and surgical interventions such as microfracture, osteochondral autograft transfer system (OATS), and matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI). Successful outcomes depend on proper rehabilitation and weight-bearing restrictions. The patient is considering the best option based on the advantages and disadvantages of each procedure.

Biceps tendon injuries can be a point of confusion when it comes to the need for surgery. Depending on the location of the injury, such as the proximity to the shoulder or the elbow, surgical intervention may or may not be necessary. This transcript dives into the anatomy of the biceps and explains the different types of injuries that can occur. If the long head of the biceps tendon near the shoulder is torn, surgery is not always required, and conservative treatment can be sufficient for many patients. However, if the distal biceps tendon near the elbow is torn, surgical intervention is often recommended for optimal recovery. The transcript emphasizes the importance of early intervention for a successful outcome, as well as the potential functional and cosmetic consequences of non-operative treatment. Understanding the specifics of the injury and seeking prompt medical attention is crucial in making the right treatment decision.

Radial head fractures can occur when individuals slip and fall, landing on an outstretched arm. While not the most common fracture, they can cause significant pain and lead to other complications. In this episode of H2Orthopedics, Mike Begg explores the anatomy and mechanics of radial head fractures, as well as the different types and treatments. He emphasizes the importance of not ignoring elbow pain and seeking medical evaluation to ensure that potential additional injuries, such as distal radial ulnar joint instability, are properly addressed. From non-operative management to surgical interventions like radial head arthroplasty, the goal is to restore stability and promote optimal joint function. By understanding radial head fractures and their implications, individuals can effectively manage their injuries and embark on a path to recovery.

Hip arthroplasty, also known as hip replacement, is a surgical procedure that addresses hip pain and limited range of motion caused by arthritis or other conditions. This comprehensive guide explores the anatomy of the hip joint, the causes of hip arthritis, the diagnosing process, and the surgical procedure involved in hip arthroplasty. It delves into the benefits of different approaches, such as the anterior and posterior approaches, and highlights the recovery process and expected outcomes for patients. If you're experiencing hip pain or limited mobility, this guide offers valuable insights to help you understand the potential benefits of hip arthroplasty.

The episode discusses hamstring injuries, focusing on both hamstring strains and hamstring tendon ruptures. Exploring the mechanics of hamstring muscles, which play a vital role in knee flexion and hip extension, the episode explains how injuries occur. Hamstring strains often happen during activities involving sudden acceleration or deceleration, resulting in overstretching of the muscle. On the other hand, hamstring tendon ruptures typically occur when the tendon detaches from the bone. The podcast delves into the diagnostic process for differentiating between the two and emphasizes the importance of imaging studies like MRI for accurate assessment. Treatment options for hamstring injuries range from conservative measures like rest, ice, and compression to surgical interventions for severe cases. The episode also mentions the potential role of biologics like PRP injections in promoting healing. Overall, it provides a valuable understanding of hamstring injuries and the steps involved in their diagnosis, treatment, and recovery.

This episode provides a comprehensive guide to AC separation, a common injury among hockey players, mountain bikers, skier/snowboarders, and active individuals in general. It explains the causes, symptoms, and treatment options to help provide a firm understanding of the injury and options to manage the condition.

This episode looks into various foot and ankle issues, providing insight into their complexity and offering guidance on understanding and managing these problems. With over 30 years of experience in sports medicine and orthopedics, Mike Begg, a certified physician assistant, sheds light on normal foot anatomy, common injuries like ankle sprains, tendon problems, fractures, and more. Begg emphasizes the importance of seeking medical attention for persistent foot and ankle discomfort and explains the significance of proper diagnosis and treatment. Whether it's addressing flat feet, fractures, or ligament injuries, this podcast episode offers valuable information and highlights the importance of not ignoring foot pain.

Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by inflammation and stiffness in the shoulder joint that limits range of motion. There are two types of frozen shoulder: primary, with an unknown cause, and secondary, which is often caused by an injury or underlying condition. In this informative podcast episode, Mike Begg discusses the anatomy of the shoulder, risk factors for developing frozen shoulder, and the importance of early intervention in managing the condition. He explores various treatment options, including physical therapy, oral anti-inflammatories, steroid injections, and surgical procedures. This in-depth discussion provides valuable insights for individuals suffering from frozen shoulder and aims to empower them with knowledge to make informed decisions about their treatment.

Rotator cuff arthropathy is a condition characterized by an irrepairable tear or failed rotator cuff repair, shoulder weakness, and arthritis. This podcast episode delves into the diagnosis, workup, and treatment options for this condition. The host explains the normal anatomy of the shoulder joint and how a torn rotator cuff can lead to abnormal mechanics and arthritis in the shoulder. In cases where the rotator cuff cannot be repaired, a reverse shoulder replacement may be recommended. This surgery involves placing a glenosphere on the socket side and a socket on the ball side to change the center of rotation and improve shoulder function. The host emphasizes the importance of understanding the limitations of non-operative treatment and highlights the benefits of surgical intervention for rotator cuff arthropathy.

This podcast episode by H2Orthopedics delves into the topic of shoulder arthritis and provides insights on diagnosis and treatment options. As a certified physician assistant and athletic trainer, Mike Begg discusses the normal anatomy of the shoulder joint, the effects of arthritis, and its diagnosis through X-rays and CT scans. He also explains the limitations of non-operative treatments and injections for regrowing cartilage. For patients like Mary, who has experienced worsening shoulder pain, difficulty sleeping, and decreased range of motion over the past few months, surgical intervention such as shoulder replacement, also known as arthroplasty, becomes a viable option. Mike describes the process of an anatomic shoulder replacement, including the removal of worn-out cartilage, placement of a metal ball and plastic socket, and reattachment of the rotator cuff. The recovery process, which involves physical therapy to regain range of motion and strength, is highlighted as a crucial step towards pain relief and improved function.

Patella Femoral Dislocation, also known as a kneecap dislocation, is a condition where the kneecap slips out of its groove, causing pain and swelling. This podcast episode discusses the normal anatomy of the patella femoral joint and the injuries that can occur to the soft tissues and cartilage in a dislocation. It also explains the workup process, which involves X-rays and MRIs to assess the extent of the injury. Treatment options range from conservative care with braces and support, to surgical interventions such as ligament reconstruction and cartilage procedures. The recovery process and rehabilitation are crucial for regaining stability in the patella femoral joint and preventing future dislocations. This summary provides a comprehensive overview of patella femoral dislocation and its management.

In this episode of H2Orthopedics, the focus is on the treatment options for ACL injuries, with a particular emphasis on surgical methods. While non-operative treatment is a viable option for some patients, it comes with its own risks, such as increased chances of meniscus tears and arthritis development. Surgical treatment, on the other hand, offers better stability and reduces these risks. The types of surgical options include ACL repair, where the ligament is sewn back onto the bone; ACL reconstruction with autografts from the patient's own tissue; and ACL reconstruction with allografts from a donor. Each option has its own pros and cons, and the choice depends on factors such as the patient's age and activity level. The recovery process involves rehabilitation and physical therapy to regain strength and range of motion, and the timeline for return to full activity varies. Overall, a well-informed discussion with the treating physician is crucial in making the best treatment decision.

ACL injuries are a common and impactful injury that can affect an individual's lifestyle. This transcript discusses the normal anatomy of the ACL, including its attachment points and function in the knee joint. It also explores the mechanism of injury and symptoms associated with an ACL tear, such as a popping sound, swelling, and instability. The evaluation process, which includes a detailed history, physical examination, and imaging, is explained. X-rays and MRI are essential to diagnose an ACL injury and rule out other associated injuries like fractures or meniscus tears. The importance of sharing accurate information regarding the injury event and symptoms is highlighted. Part two of the podcast will cover treatment options, including graft choices, surgical procedures, and considerations for concurrent injuries.