Jazz Legends

Saxophonist Julian “Cannonball” Adderley (born September 15, 1928) and his cornet-playing brother Nat (born November 25, 1931) co-led a popular jazz combo for many years in the 1960s and 70s. While Nat composed much of the music for the group, Cannonball’s galvanic,  pyrotechnic alto saxophone playing was the big draw. Indeed, from the time he arrived on the New York jazz scene in the 1950s, he set the town on fire with his incredible virtuosity and distinctive tone and attack. He was a key member of the great Miles Davis sextet alongside John Coltrane that recorded the classic album Kind of Blue. Plus, St. Michael’s Jazz Fest returns for a second year of incredible jazz in Carlsbad Village this Saturday, September 27th! Headlining is New Orleans’ own, the legendary Grammy Award-Winning Rebirth Brass Band, joined by Euphoria Brass Band, Gilbert Castellanos Latin Jazz Ensemble, Starsign, Chunky Hustle Brass Band, Sue Palmer Swing Orchestra, and more. Free to the public and held outside on the campus lawn of St. Michael’s by-the-Sea in Carlsbad. Learn more and consider volunteering or donating: https://www.stmichaelsjazzfest.org/

Saxophonist and composer John Coltrane (born September 23, 1926) remains one of the most revered and influential musicians of all time across genres. The spiritual force of his music speaks to people who aren’t even jazz aficionados, but has been an overwhelming influence on all of us who play this music to this day.   And don't forget ... St. Michael’s Jazz Fest returns for a second year of incredible jazz in Carlsbad Village! Headlining is New Orleans’ own, the legendary Grammy Award-Winning Rebirth Brass Band, joined by Euphoria Brass Band, Gilbert Castellanos Latin Jazz Ensemble, Starsign, Chunky Hustle Brass Band, Sue Palmer Swing Orchestra, and more. Free to the public and held outside on the campus lawn of St. Michael’s by-the-Sea in Carlsbad. Learn more and consider volunteering or donating: https://www.stmichaelsjazzfest.org/ Saturday, September 27, 2025

Trumpeter / composer Kenny Dorham (born August 30, 1924) is hardly a household name, but one would be hard pressed to name a musician held in as high regard by other jazz musicians. He played at a consistently high level throughout a career that included stints with Charlie Parker, Max Roach, Art Blakey, Joe Henderson to name just a few, and myriad excellent recordings under his own name. A number of his compositions have become jazz standards as well.   And don't forget ... St. Michael’s Jazz Fest returns for a second year of incredible jazz in Carlsbad Village! Headlining is New Orleans’ own, the legendary Grammy Award-Winning Rebirth Brass Band, joined by Euphoria Brass Band, Gilbert Castellanos Latin Jazz Ensemble, Starsign, Chunky Hustle Brass Band, Sue Palmer Swing Orchestra, and more. Free to the public and held outside on the campus lawn of St. Michael’s by-the-Sea in Carlsbad. Learn more and consider volunteering or donating: https://www.stmichaelsjazzfest.org/ Saturday, September 27, 2025

Saxophonist Sonny Rollins turns 95 this Sunday, and the Jazz Evensong Quintet honors this milestone by programming an afternoon of his compositions. Widely recognized as the greatest improviser of all time, his well of inspiration sometimes seems bottomless, and he refuses to fall back on licks and patterns on the rare occasion when he feels less than inspired. Sadly, health issues forced his retirement from performing for the past several years, but any one of the brilliant recordings he made over his long career would have easily secured his place as one of the all time greatest practitioners of our music.   Plus ... St. Michael’s Jazz Fest returns for a second year of incredible jazz in Carlsbad Village! Headlining is New Orleans’ own, the legendary Grammy Award-Winning Rebirth Brass Band, joined by Euphoria Brass Band, Gilbert Castellanos Latin Jazz Ensemble, Starsign, Chunky Hustle Brass Band, Sue Palmer Swing Orchestra, and more. Free to the public and held outside on the campus lawn of St. Michael’s by-the-Sea in Carlsbad. Learn more and consider volunteering or donating: https://www.stmichaelsjazzfest.org/ Saturday, September 27, 2025

Jerome Kern (born January 27, 1885) was one of the most beloved and prolific of the Great American Songbook composers. While he wasn’t especially fond of jazz music himself, many of his compositions have been embraced by jazz musicians because of their strong, original harmonic and melodic content.   Plus ... St. Michael’s Jazz Fest returns for a second year of incredible jazz in Carlsbad Village! Headlining is New Orleans’ own, the legendary Grammy Award-Winning Rebirth Brass Band, joined by Euphoria Brass Band, Gilbert Castellanos Latin Jazz Ensemble, Starsign, Chunky Hustle Brass Band, Sue Palmer Swing Orchestra, and more. Free to the public and held outside on the campus lawn of St. Michael’s by-the-Sea in Carlsbad. Learn more and consider volunteering or donating: https://www.stmichaelsjazzfest.org/ Saturday, September 27, 2025

Saxophonist / composer Wayne Shorter (born August 25, 1933) has cast an oversized shadow on jazz since he joined Art Blakey’s Jazz Messengers in 1959. Soon becoming the primary composer for that group, and upon joining Miles Davis’ second great quintet in 1964, he soon filled that role with Miles as well. In 1970, he co-founded the jazz fusion group Weather Report with Joe Zawinul and in the course of his long career he recorded twenty recordings under his own leadership, becoming one of the most original and prolific jazz composers of all time.

Pianist, composer, and producer Duke Pearson (born August 17, 1932) is hardly a household name, but his influence on jazz music is far out of proportion to his personal fame. In addition to his compositions like "Jeanine" being accepted as jazz standards, his behind-the-scenes work as producer and arranger on a plethora of Blue Note records contributed immeasurably to that label’s success in its heyday. His piano playing and compositions were essential to the success of the Donald Byrd / Pepper Adams quintet, and for several years his New York-based big band and 8-10 piece bands featured many of the best jazz musicians in the city, and his fresh innovative original writing.

Occasionally, jazz musicians are asked to play certain requests that don’t really fit into our stylistic framework. Today, we’re going to make an effort to explain why that is. Some tunes not originally intended to be played in a jazz style fit easily into one, and some don’t, and we’ll try to explain why that is.

Trumpeter Freddie Hubbard (born April 7, 1938) was one of the most gifted and technically proficient of any of the jazz trumpet players of his generation. His fiery, athletic, harmonically rich, seemingly effortless style influenced virtually all trumpet players who came after him. Serving his apprenticeship with Art Blakey’s Jazz Messengers, his compositions provided a springboard for that group as well as his own groups, and he was a popular sideman on quintessential recordings by Herbie Hancock, Wayne Shorter and many other jazz greats.

Trumpeter/composer Lee Morgan (born July 10, 1938) first rose to national prominence as a teenager with Dizzy Gillespie’s big band. Becoming one of the most prominent hard bop trumpet soloists, he spent years with Art Blakey’s Jazz Messengers, eschewing forming his own bands even as he issued numerous recordings as a leader in his own right. His recording of his tune "The Sidewinder" became an unexpected hit for Blue Note Records, leading to a scramble of the label to replicate that success for years after, with no success. Morgan was tragically struck down at the age of 33 in 1972, after an altercation with his common-law wife during a gig in NYC, cutting short what was a mercurial career for the influential trumpet player.

Tenor saxophonist/composer Hank Mobley (born July 7, 1930) has been described as one of the most underrated musicians of the bop era. Even though his career included stints with Miles Davis, Max Roach, Horace Silver and recordings with most of the greatest players of his generation, addiction and poor health adversely affected his life, leading to homelessness and an early death at the age of 55. He left behind a legacy of wonderful recordings and compositions, and has influenced myriad players to this day.

Kurt Weill (born March 2, 1900) and Vernon Duke (born Vladimir Dukelsky, October 10, 1903) were both European born composers who composed “serious” concert music before emigrating to the United States and becoming two of the greatest exponents of American popular song. Kurt Weill felt strongly that music should have a political point of view, his "Three Penny Opera" and "Mahagony", both composed in Germany before he emigrated to the United States are biting social commentaries on the drawbacks of capitalism run amuck.   Vernon Duke wrote concert music throughout his career under his birth name. His music was commissioned by Diaghalev for his ballet company that also commissioned Stravinvisky’s groundbreaking work, as well as Koussevitsky for the New York Philharmonic. He had a close personal relationship with Russian composer Prokofiev. His Broadway career was no less stellar, over the course of 30 odd years they produced a number of songs that have become standards in the great American songbook.

Pianist/composer Chick Corea (born June 12, 1941) is widely considered one of the most important pianists of the post Coltrane era. A prolific composer, a great many of his tunes have become jazz standards as well. His association with Miles Davis in the 1960’s lead to the birth of jazz fusion, and his various groups remained on the cutting edge of the music throughout his career. He was honored with 28 Grammy awards, and was nominated 72 times.

Composer Cole Porter (born June 9, 1891) was something of an anomaly among songwriters of the Tin Pan Alley era. Born to an affluent Indiana family, songwriting was initially just a hobby for him, but he soon parlayed his gift for penning witty urbane lyrics and totally original melodies and harmonies into one of the most important creative voices in American popular songwriter.

Trumpeter, flugelhornist, composer/arranger Tom Harrell (born June 16, 1946) has been critically acclaimed for most of his career. Starting as a sideman with Woody Herman, Horace Silver and Phil Woods, he has gone on to lead his own groups and record wonderful original music on dozens of recordings. His prolific creative output is made even more astounding considering he suffers from schizophrenia and has only one lung. His lyrical, original compositional style is completely original and immediately accessible.

Songwriter Arthur Schwartz(born Nov 25, 1900) was trained as a lawyer, but encouraged by friends George Gershwin and Lorenz Hart, soon abandoned that career and became a successful popular songwriter. His tunes are featured in several Broadway shows, and many of his tunes are favorite vehicles for jazz musicians due to their interesting harmonic structure. His longtime lyricist, Howard Dietz, a collaborator with composer Jerome Kern, initially rebuffed Schwartz’s entreaties to write with him, but by 1927 relented and their partnership produced many songs that are much loved contributions to the Great American Songbook. 

Gerry Mulligan (born April 6, 1927) is possibly the best known baritone saxophonist in jazz, but he has also recorded on soprano and tenor saxophones, clarinet and piano. He is a prolific  composer and arranger, contributing scores to the Miles Davis Birth of the Cool nonet, the Claude Thornhill and Stan Kenton bands, and his own Concert Jazz Band in the early 60s and 80s. His innovative piano-less quartet with trumpeter Chet Baker was the accidental result of the piano having been put into storage at the club where the group made its debut, and the group’s spare, lyrical, contrapuntal style immediately became emblematic of the west coast jazz style.

John Lenwood “Jackie” McClean (born May 17, 1931) grew up in the same neighborhood in Harlem that was home to Sonny Rollins, Bud Powell and Thelonius Monk, and soon fell under the sway of the Bebop Revolution, particularly as espoused by Charlie Parker. Throughout his career, Jackie kept his ears open to new developments in the music, while still remaining grounded in the bebop vocabulary of his youth, he recorded with many more adventuresome players, Ornette Coleman and Woody Shaw to name two. He became a well respected professor at Hart School of Music in Hartford, Connecticut and produced many talented students who have gone on to distinguished careers in jazz.

[Note: Stay tuned at the end to hear the band play Blue Skies!] It has been said that Irving Berlin didn’t write American music ... he was American music. Indeed, the scope and length of his career, and his vast body of work in a variety of musical contexts give credence to this argument. One of the very few songwriters of his generation who wrote his own lyrics as well as the music, it is staggering to realize that English wasn’t even his native language. Many of his witty, urbane lyrics belie the fact that he grew up speaking Yiddish, primarily. Jazz musicians have embraced his strong melodies and interesting harmonic twists for generations. The fact that he really never studied harmony and could only play on the black keys of the piano make his output even more astounding!

[Note: Stay tuned at the end for some music from the band!] Thomas “Fats” Waller (born May 21, 1904) grew up the son of a preacher in the vibrant musical community of Harlem. He played the organ for his dad’s church as a child, with the organ pumped for him by Adam Clayton Powell, Sr. His prodigious keyboard abilities were soon encouraged by many of the lions of stride piano in the neighborhood, who bought him his first pairs of long pants so he could attend their “cutting” sessions and benefit from their experience and tutelage. From an early age, he started performing his original piano compositions, soon adding his idiosyncratic vocals as well. He became a well-loved entertainer, in addition to adding a number of compositions that have become standard repertoire in the great American songbook. He is often credited with composing the first jazz waltz, Jitterbug Waltz.