AIG Global Trade Series

The 2024 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the theme of ‘Back to the Future: A New Era of Managed Trade?’This special episode, recorded live at Chatham House on the eve of their 2024 Global Trade Conference, considers the potential repercussions on trade of the upcoming US and UK elections. In the UK, current polling suggests that the Labour Party of Sir Keir Starmer is heading for victory whenever the election is called.  Across the Atlantic, Joe Biden and Donald Trump are set for the first rematch in an American presidential election for 70 years. What do the various potential election outcomes mean for British and American trade policy?   And what might they mean for global trade? Panellists:       Creon Butler, Director, Global Economy and Finance Programme, Chatham HouseJennifer Hillman, Professor, IIEL at Georgetown Law; Co-Director of The Center on Inclusive Trade and Development, Georgetown LawModerator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael InstituteThis podcast episode was recorded on 7 March 2024.___The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the Aspen Institute Germany; CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations; Chatham House (UK); the Clingendael Institute (The Netherlands); Elcano Royal Institute (Spain); ERIA – the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (Indonesia); IIEL - the Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center (US); ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies; the Jacques Delors Institute (France); RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan); and the St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade (Switzerland).The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not reflect the views, policy or position of American International Group Inc, or its subsidiaries or affiliates (AIG). Any content provided by the speakers in this podcase series is their opinion, and is not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or group of individuals or anyone or anything. AIG makes no warranty or representations as to the accuracy, completeness, correctness or validity of any information provided during this podcast series, and AIG will not be liable for any errors, inaccuracies or omissions in the information provided during this podcast series or any damages, losses, liabilities, injuries resulting from or arising from the Podcast including your use of the Podcast. 

Supply, demand and contrasting approaches to security in critical metals.Panellists:        Kathleen Claussen, Professor of Law, Georgetown Law  Simon Evenett, Professor of International Trade and Economic Development, St. Gallen University; Founder of the St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity Through Trade   Moderator:      Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute  This podcast episode was recorded on 27 February 2024.  The 2024 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the theme of ‘Back to the Future: A New Era of Managed Trade?’  Alongside decarbonisation, the digital transition is leading to higher demand for specialty metals and rare earths elements. With the chemical properties of cobalt, lithium and gallium amongst others being crucial to the production of advanced technologies, and the lack of substitutes, these critical metals are imported from abroad from specific locations.  This concentration of resources, and the consequently increased risk of disruption, has led to concerns about these supply chains being weaponised or leveraged as tools of economic coercion by a producing or processing country. Given the strategic importance to them both of these critical metals, how can the EU and the US secure their access?  This episode explores the dynamics of trade flows in critical resources from both European and US perspectives.   Related content from GTS Contributors:  Report – Authors: Simon Evenett and Johannes Fritz | The Scramble for Critical Raw Materials: Time to Take Stock?  Blog – Author: Kathleen Claussen | What is a Free Trade Agreement, Anyway? The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the Aspen Institute Germany; CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations; Chatham House (UK); the Clingendael Institute (The Netherlands); Elcano Royal Institute (Spain); ERIA – the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (Indonesia); IIEL - the Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center (US); ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies; the Jacques Delors Institute (France); RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan); and the St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade (Switzerland).  The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.   

What are the dynamics shaping Southeast Asian trade policies? Panellists: Lili Yan Ing, Lead Advisor (Southeast Asia Region), ERIA - the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia Cyn-Young Park, Director, Economic Research and Regional Cooperation Department, Asian Development Bank Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute This podcast episode was recorded on 24 May 2023 The 2023 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the extent and impact of regionalisation on the global trade landscape. Growing at a rapid pace, the 10 economies of Southeast Asia now collectively form the fifth largest economy globally - behind the US, China, Germany, and Japan. While intraregional trade is increasing - thanks to the new RCEP regional trade agreement that includes China, extra regional trade beyond Southeast Asia is booming. On RSEP, ASEAN took the lead in making this trade agreement happen, which entered into force on 1 st January 2022 and currently covers over 30% of global trade. The most important trading partners of ASEAN are the United States, the European Union, and China - the largest trading partner by far. However, these three trading blocks aim to increase resilience, diversify supplies and reduce their strategic dependencies, which may translate to decreasing their trade exposure to one another. Is ASEAN being caught in the middle? What is shaping ASEAN 's role in global trade, and how will outside dynamics impact it? As supply chain resilience becomes a major discussion point in Southeast Asia, how is ASEAN itself influenced by the supply shocks in the international trading system? The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the Aspen Institute Germany; Chatham House (UK); CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations; the Clingendael Institute (The Netherlands); Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center (US); ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies; the Jacques Delors Institute (France); RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan) and the St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade (Switzerland).  The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

What are the objectives of the TTC and how can these be met? Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panellists: Elvire Fabry, Senior Research Fellow, Jacques Delors Institute Simon Lester, founder of Worldtradelaw.net Rupert Schlegelmilch, Acting Deputy Director-General, DG Trade, European Commission This podcast episode was recorded on 11 May 2022. The 2022 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the competition and connectedness that characterise the current trade landscape. In this podcast, Rem Korteweg (Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute) is joined by Elvire Fabry (Senior Research Fellow, Jacques Delors Institute); Simon Lester (founder of Worldtradelaw.net); and Rupert Schlegelmilch (Acting Deputy Director-General, DG Trade, European Commission). Listen as they reflect on the role and ambitions of the Transatlantic Trade and Technology Council (TTC). Following the Council’s second meeting in Paris, what results are to be expected, will the TTC resolve transatlantic trade disputes and how has the Council’s focus changed in response to the conflict in Ukraine? The experts also discuss how the TTC fits into broader US and European trade priorities, and how it measures up against other regional trade initiatives. Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

A turning point in global trade relations? Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panellists: Simon Evenett, Professor of international Trade and Economic Development at St. Gallen University and Director of the Global Trade Alert initiative Marianne Schneider-Petsinger, Senior Research Fellow, US and the Americas Programme, Chatham House Antonio Villafranca, Director of Studies at the Italian Institute of Political Studies (ISPI) This podcast episode was recorded on 28 April 2022 The 2022 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the competition and connectedness that characterise the current trade landscape. In this podcast, Rem Korteweg (Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute) is joined by Simon Evenett (Professor of international Trade and Economic Development at St. Gallen University and Director of the Global Trade Alert initiative); Marianne Schneider-Petsinger (Senior Research Fellow, US and the Americas Programme, Chatham House); and Antonio Villafranca (Director of Studies at the Italian Institute of Political Studies (ISPI)). Listen as they discuss the impact of the Ukraine conflict on globalization. Is the conflict a watershed moment for the global trade system leading to its fragmentation into trading blocs?  And what could it mean for the way companies and governments deal with supply chain risks, decoupling and resilience? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Are regional agreements the future for global trade networks? Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panellists: Martin Sandbu, European Economics Commentator, Financial Times James Crabtree, Executive Director, International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), Asia Wendy Cutler, Vice President, Asia Society Policy Institute (ASPI) This podcast episode was recorded on October 12, 2021 The AIG Global Trade Series 2021 examines the ongoing transformation of the world’s multilateral trading system. Regional and plurilateral trade agreements are on the rise and changing in nature. Post pandemic, the search for supply chain resilience could accelerate the trend towards regionalism, and away from globalization. In this podcast, moderator Rem Korteweg of the Clingendael Institute is joined by Martin Sandbu, European Economics Commentator, Financial Times; James Crabtree, Executive Director, International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), Asia; and Wendy Cutler, Vice President, Asia Society Policy Institute (ASPI). Listen as they discuss whether regionalism is the future for global trade networks or a harbinger for deglobalization, fragmentation and fracturing of the global trade system. Do regional agreements complement or undermine the multilateral trading system underpinned by the World Trade Organization? Will trade, geopolitics and national security issues become ever more entangled through regional and bilateral agreements? And can greater regional integration be a positive force in creating a fairer, greener, and more sustainable global trading system? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Can globalization deliver for all citizens, developing countries and SMEs? Moderator: Marie Kasperek, Executive Director, Institute of International Economic Law, Georgetown Law Panellists: Cecilia Malmström, Former European Commissioner for Trade (2014 to 2019); Peterson Institute for International Economics Marion Jansen, Director of the Trade and Agriculture Directorate, OECD This podcast episode was recorded on October 11, 2021 The AIG Global Trade Series 2021 examines the ongoing transformation of the world’s multilateral trading system. How can policymakers strive to make trade fairer, greener, and more equitable? Much of the legitimate concerns and pushback against global trade and globalization has stemmed from a belief that the current trading system is not delivering for everyone, in particular for women, developing countries, and SMEs. In this podcast, moderator Marie Kasperek of the Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown Law is joined by Cecilia Malmström, Former European Commissioner for Trade (2014 to 2019) and Marion Jansen, Director of the Trade and Agriculture Directorate, OECD. Listen as they discuss how the global trading system can be made more equitable for all citizens. In practice, what does ‘Building Back Better’ mean for lower-middle income workers? What does the recently agreed global minimum tax agreement reached by the OECD mean for responsible business practices? How do we ensure a level playing field and distribution of trade gains globally, especially in developing counties? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Is the trade war doomed to continue? Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panellists: Alicia García Herrero, Senior Fellow, Bruegel Stephanie Segal, Senior Fellow, Center for Strategic & International Studies This podcast episode was recorded on September 21, 2021 The AIG Global Trade Series 2021 examines the ongoing transformation of the world’s multilateral trading system. The world’s most important trading relationship, that between the United States and China, has entered a new phase. As the geopolitical and economic rivalry between the US and China has intensified, mutual frustration and distrust has grown between the two superpowers. This mistrust has played out clearly in the trade arena through tariffs, bids for self-sufficiency, and the reshoring of global supply chains. Although the mistrust predated COVID19, the pandemic has undoubtedly accelerated an attempt by the two major trading nations to decouple. In this podcast, moderator Rem Korteweg of the Clingendael Institute is joined by Alicia García Herrero, Senior Fellow, Bruegel, and Stephanie Segal, Senior Fellow, Center for Strategic & International Studies. Listen as they discuss the future of US-China trade relations. Is the US-China trade war doomed to continue? Can policymakers in Washington D.C. successfully make a pro-trade argument to a domestic audience? What is the role of the European Union as it watches the two largest trading nations attempt to decouple, and by extension deglobalize? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

What are Latin America’s aspirations for reform of the global trade system, and what role can it play? Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panellists: Shannon K. O'Neil, Vice President, Deputy Director of Studies, and Nelson and David Rockefeller Senior Fellow for Latin America Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations Alvaro Santos, Professor of Law and Faculty Director of the Center for the Advancement of the Rule of Law in the Americas, Georgetown Law Steve Liston, Senior Director, Council of the Americas This podcast episode was recorded on September 10, 2021 The AIG Global Trade Series 2021 examines the ongoing transformation of the world’s multilateral trading system. What is the role of Latin America in the global trade system? Regional and plurilateral trade agreements are transforming trade across the Americas – from CPTPP to USMCA. In tandem, post-covid supply chain ‘nearshoring’ opportunities, and US concerns about national security, could make Latin America a far more attractive investment opportunity for international business. However, LATAM countries increasingly find themselves caught in the midst of a US-China tussle for influence. What will this mean for regional trade and investment? In this podcast, moderator Rem Korteweg of the Clingendael Institute is joined by Shannon K. O'Neil, Vice President, Deputy Director of Studies, and Nelson and David Rockefeller Senior Fellow for Latin America Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations; Alvaro Santos, Professor of Law and Faculty Director of the Center for the Advancement of the Rule of Law in the Americas, Georgetown Law; and Steve Liston, Senior Director, Council of the Americas. Listen as they discuss the trade challenges and opportunities for the Americas in the short, medium, and long term. Will environmental concerns bring down the EU-Mercosur Trade Agreement? What will a changing US industrial policy mean for Latin America? And how can LATAM leaders seek to capitalize on advantages that may come from intensifying competition between China and the US? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Digital services boomed during the pandemic, bringing to the fore questions of global standards, governance, and taxation Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panellists: Chris Southworth, Secretary General, International Chamber of Commerce, UK Kelly Ann Shaw, Partner, Hogan Lovells Erik van der Marel, Senior Economist, European Centre for International Political Economy This podcast episode was recorded on July 20, 2021 The AIG Global Trade Series 2021 examines the ongoing transformation of the world’s multilateral trading system. Digital trade and services have created new trade opportunities and markets. But how do we regulate, tax and set standards for the digital economy? In an environment of increasing geopolitical friction, and under the auspices of national security, is the digital trade arena becoming yet another stage for tensions to play out? In this podcast, moderator Rem Korteweg of the Clingendael Institute is joined by Chris Southworth, Secretary General, International Chamber of Commerce, UK; Kelly Ann Shaw, Partner, Hogan Lovells; and Erik van der Marel, Senior Economist, European Centre for International Political Economy. Listen as they discuss how digital standards and norms are developing across the US, EU and China – three power brokers with differing trade philosophies, values and political systems. What will these competing models mean in practice? There are clear commercial reasons for businesses to seek harmonization. However, the brewing wars in digital censorship and privacy highlight the friction and rift even between likeminded allied blocs. How can digital trade rules be made fit for purpose? And whose rules should apply? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

What would an increase in carbon pricing mean for global emissions and macroeconomics? Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panellists: Christian Bluth, Senior Expert, Bertelsmann Stiftung Emily Lydgate, Senior Lecturer in Environmental Law, University of Sussex This podcast episode was recorded on July 6, 2021 The AIG Global Trade Series 2021 examines the ongoing transformation of the world’s multilateral trading system. In the year of COP26, the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference, ambitious climate policies are needed to address the climate crisis. But what does this mean for trade, when frequently globalization and global trade measures are accused of imperiling the climate agenda. In this podcast, moderator Rem Korteweg of the Clingendael Institute is joined by Christian Bluth, Senior Expert, Bertelsmann Stiftung, and Emily Lydgate, Senior Lecturer in Law, University of Sussex. Listen as they discuss the value of the European Union’s proposed carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM), and the role of carbon clubs in combatting the climate crisis. Is a CBAM the correct tool to deal with the climate challenge? Can a CBAM work for both developed and developing countries; or is there a trade-off between being ambitious and inclusive? How can China, the world’s largest climate emitter, be brought into a carbon club? And what role will the World Trade Organization play in allowing carbon clubs to emerge? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

How can new trade barriers in the post-COVID-19 world be avoided? Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Speakers: Mary E. Lovely, Senior Fellow, The Peterson Institute John W.H. Denton AO, Secretary General of the International Chamber of Commerce This podcast episode was recorded on June 14. The AIG Global Trade Series 2021 examines the ongoing transformation of the world’s multilateral trading system. During the pandemic, trade nationalism emerged as countries pursued self-interested policies to shield themselves from the impact of the virus – from vaccine rollouts to supply chain reshoring and restricting access to critical medical supplies. In this podcast, moderator Rem Korteweg of the Clingendael Institute is joined by Mary E. Lovely, Senior Fellow, The Peterson Institute, and John W.H. Denton AO, Secretary General of the International Chamber of Commerce.   Listen as they discuss how best to ensure a global post-COVID-19 economic recovery which avoids a return to protectionism and is open, fair, and equitable. How can new trade barriers in the post-COVID-19 world be avoided and can trade even be part of the answer to future pandemic preparedness? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Will the future of globalization be decided by events in the Indo-Pacific? Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Speakers: Vasuki Shastry, Associate Fellow, Asia Pacific Programme, Chatham House Deborah Elms, Founder and Executive Director of the Asian Trade Centre Tetsuya Watanabe, Vice President, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry,RIETI This podcast episode was recorded on May 20, 2021 The AIG Global Trade Series 2021 examines the ongoing transformation of the world’s multilateral trading system. RCEP and CPTPP will redefine trade integration across Asia.   Although the pandemic has exposed the strength of protectionist reflexes around the globe, these two major multilateral free trade agreements act as a powerful counterargument to suggestions of a deglobalized ‘new normal’. In this podcast, moderator Rem Korteweg of the Clingendael Institute is joined by Deborah Elms, Founder and Executive Director of the Asian Trade Centre; Vasuki Shastry, Associate Fellow, Asia Pacific Programme, Chatham House; and Tetsuya Watanabe, Vice President, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI). Listen as they discuss whether RCEP and CPTPP compete, complement or overlap. In addition to RCEP and CPTPP, China’s Belt & Road Initiative is transforming trade flows in the region and beyond. With India opting out of RCEP, what does that mean in the regional power struggle between India and China? And as the US figures out how to deal with a rising China in the coming decade, will pulling out of TPP prove to be both a missed economic as well as geostrategic opportunity? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

What are the prospects for reform of the WTO; and how best to ensure that reform is supported by all? Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Speakers: Ignacio Garcia Bercero, Director, Directorate General for Trade of the European Commission Jennifer Hillman, Professor from Practice, Georgetown Law, Institute of International Economic Law; Former Member, WTO Appellate Body Tetsuya Watanabe, Vice President, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI) This podcast episode was recorded on 13th April 2021. The AIG Global Trade Series 2021 examines the ongoing transformation of the world’s multilateral trading system. All eyes are on the WTO’s new leadership to jump-start trade multilateralism. But can global trade rules be updated? And if so, which rules should be fixed first? In this podcast, moderator Rem Korteweg of the Clingendael Institute is joined by Ignacio Garcia Bercero, Director, Directorate General for Trade of the European Commission; Jennifer Hillman, Professor from Practice, Georgetown Law, Institute of International Economic Law; Former Member, WTO Appellate Body; and Tetsuya Watanabe, Vice President, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI). Listen as they discuss the prospects for reform at the WTO, which is now a top global political priority. The pandemic has unlevelled the global playing field due to widespread use of subsidies and state intervention. Can the WTO play a role to address these imbalances, and make rules fit for purpose to respond to modern challenges? How should the WTO ensure that a reform package will be supported by all members to prevent a collapse of the rules-based trading system? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use

Navigating the new direction of EU trade policy Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, the Clingendael Institute Speakers: Elvire Fabry, Senior Research Fellow, Trade Policy and Brexit, Jacques Delors Institute Marianne Schneider Petsinger, Senior Research Fellow, US and the Americas Programme, Chatham House This podcast episode was recorded on 31st March 2021. The AIG Global Trade Series 2021 examines the ongoing transformation of the world’s multilateral trading system. The theme of the EU’s new trade policy is ‘open strategic autonomy’. What does this mean in reality? The policy aims to reinforce the EU's position as a global champion of open, rules-based trade that is fair and sustainable, while simultaneously developing new tools to defend its own interests. But how coherent is this approach and how viable? In this podcast, moderator Rem Korteweg of the Clingendael Institute is joined by Elvire Fabry, Senior Research Fellow, Trade Policy and Brexit, Jacques Delors Institute; and Marianne Schneider Petsinger, Senior Research Fellow, US and the Americas Programme, Chatham House. Listen as they discuss the EU’s evolving trade policy. Can the new approach satisfy domestic concerns about globalization without jeopardising the EU’s trade partnerships? How will ‘open strategic autonomy’ reshape the EU’s trade relations with the US, China and others? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Where does globalisation go from here? Changing dynamics of the global trade landscape Panellists:        Cecilia Malmström, former European Commissioner for Trade; Nonresident Senior Fellow, Peterson Institute for International Economics   Jeongmin Seong, Partner, McKinsey Global Institute (MGI)   Deborah Elms, Founder and Executive Director, Asian Trade Centre     Moderator:      Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute   This podcast episode was recorded on 2 November 2023. The 2023 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the extent and impact of regionalisation on the global trade landscape.   A major theme of the year in global trade has been the reshaping of global value chains and the consequent rise in supply chain risk. In response, policy-makers have focused on economic security - reducing unwanted economic dependencies and mitigating the risk of economic coercion.  This has helped fuel industrial policy, given new significance to the use of subsidies, and encouraged diversification and 'friend shoring’. Yet for all this, global trade is continuing. So how much change has actually taken place? Is the world de-globalising? And how have these trends manifested in Asia, Europe and the Americas?   In this podcast, the GTS 2023 season finale, experts discuss how global trade flows are evolving and assess the outlook for the continued regionalisation of trade in 2024. ___________________________________________ The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Aspen Institute Germany⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠; ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Chatham House (UK)⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠; ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Clingendael Institute⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (The Netherlands); ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠(US); ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Jacques Delors Institute⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (France); ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Japan) and the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Switzerland).  The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Regional competition or global harmonisation? Panellists:        Anu Bradford, Professor of Law and International Organization, Columbia University Karen Kornbluh, Distinguished Fellow for Technology and Competitiveness, German Marshall Fund   Moderator:      Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute   This podcast episode was recorded on 26 October 2023.   The 2023 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the extent and impact of regionalisation on the global trade landscape.   The proliferation of Artificial Intelligence and other data driven services will have a transformative impact on world trade.  At the same time, expanding regulation of the digital economy – be it related to AI, concerns around disinformation or cyber security - will also have profound implications for the way trade is conducted.  In this context the issue of who sets the standards for the global digital economy - and how it is regulated - becomes critical, especially as standard setters often have a material advantage in the market.   So how can different approaches to digital regulation be reconciled against a backdrop of geopolitical tension and macroeconomic insecurity? What is the risk of the digital trade space becoming more fragmented? And what does this mean for the future of trade overall? ___________________________________________ The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Aspen Institute Germany⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠; ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Chatham House (UK)⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠; ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Clingendael Institute⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (The Netherlands); ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠(US); ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Jacques Delors Institute⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (France); ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Japan) and the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Switzerland).  The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Recorded live from the WTO Public Forum 2023 Panellists:  Angela Ellard, WTO Deputy Director-General   Jennifer Hillman, Professor, IIEL at Georgetown Law; Co-Director of The Center on Inclusive Trade and Development, Georgetown Law   Stormy-Annika Mildner, Executive Director, Aspen Institute Germany   Moderator:      Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute   This podcast episode was recorded on 13 September 2023. The 2023 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the extent and impact of regionalisation on the global trade landscape. This special episode of the GTS was recorded at the headquarters of global trade – the WTO in Geneva - during its annual Public Forum in September. With the theme ‘It's Time For Action’, the 2023 WTO Public Forum brought delegates and trade experts together to assess the state of trade multilateralism. Many of these discussions focused on how trade can contribute to tackling climate change and promoting sustainability. A new sense of urgency was palpable this year. The 2023 WTO Global Trade Report, launched during the Public Forum, also raised concerns about the regionalisation or even fragmentation of the trade landscape. Protectionist tendencies remain strong and proliferating subsidies are posing a challenge to multilateral rulemaking. At the same time, in a context of rising geopolitical tensions, trade policy is increasingly seen through a national security lens. Where does this gloomy outlook leave the WTO? What role can it play in reducing the risks of trade fragmentation and restoring the credibility and relevance of a rules-based system? ___________________________________________ The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the ⁠⁠⁠⁠Aspen Institute Germany⁠⁠⁠⁠; ⁠⁠⁠⁠Chatham House (UK)⁠⁠⁠⁠; ⁠⁠⁠⁠CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations⁠⁠⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠⁠⁠Clingendael Institute⁠⁠⁠⁠ (The Netherlands); ⁠⁠⁠⁠Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center ⁠⁠⁠⁠(US); ⁠⁠⁠⁠ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies⁠⁠⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠⁠⁠Jacques Delors Institute⁠⁠⁠⁠ (France); ⁠⁠⁠⁠RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Japan) and the ⁠⁠⁠⁠St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Switzerland).  The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Panellists: Nicholas Mulder, Assistant Professor of History, Cornell University Emily Benson, Director, Project on Trade and Technology and Senior Fellow, Scholl Chair in International Business, CSIS Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute This podcast episode was recorded on 8 August 2023. The 2023 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the extent and impact of regionalisation on the global trade landscape. As the high tide of globalisation recedes, trade and economic interdependence are increasingly seen by governments through the lens of national security. The result is a greater readiness to use economic and trade instruments to protect national security and bolster national resilience. Trade policy is more and more influenced by the need to reduce critical supply chain dependencies and to resist economic coercion by antagonistic states. What implications does this growing defensiveness have for international trade flows and how will it impact the global trade landscape for the future? _______ The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the ⁠⁠⁠Aspen Institute Germany⁠⁠⁠; ⁠⁠⁠Chatham House (UK)⁠⁠⁠; ⁠⁠⁠CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations⁠⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠⁠Clingendael Institute⁠⁠⁠ (The Netherlands); ⁠⁠⁠Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center ⁠⁠⁠(US); ⁠⁠⁠ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies⁠⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠⁠Jacques Delors Institute⁠⁠⁠ (France); ⁠⁠⁠RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry⁠⁠⁠ (Japan) and the ⁠⁠⁠St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade⁠⁠⁠ (Switzerland).  The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Semiconductors, Trade and High-tech Cooperation: Economic, political and supply chain pressures Panellists: Martijn Rasser, Managing Director, Datenna Yasuhiko Ota, Columnist and TV news commentator, Nikkei Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute This podcast episode was recorded on 10 July 2023. The 2023 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the extent and impact of regionalisationon the global trade landscape. As critical enablers of economic growth, technological development and national security, semiconductors have become an area of intense competition between states.  But the insecurity of semiconductor supply chains exposed during the Covid 19 pandemic, and highlighted since by growing geopolitical tension, is also driving new forms of international cooperation around semiconductor production and supply.  What is the balance between these two trends and how is it reflected in global trade relations? This episode discusses the geopolitics of semiconductor production – including export controls, state subsidies, friend shoring and new multilateral initiatives – and how they are reflected in trade and trade policy.  The focus is on two key players in the field: Japan and the USA. _______ The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the ⁠⁠Aspen Institute Germany⁠⁠; ⁠⁠Chatham House (UK)⁠⁠; ⁠⁠CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠Clingendael Institute⁠⁠ (The Netherlands); ⁠⁠Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center ⁠⁠(US); ⁠⁠ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠Jacques Delors Institute⁠⁠ (France); ⁠⁠RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry⁠⁠ (Japan) and the ⁠⁠St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade⁠⁠ (Switzerland).  The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.