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© Sumbul Beg, MD
Description
This podcast from EZ Endo Prep delivers concise, high yield endocrinology content to help you study smarter and practice with confidence. Each episode breaks down complex topics into manageable pieces, making it ideal for endocrinology fellows and practicing endocrinologists. Whether you're preparing for boards or staying sharp in clinic, Dr. Sumbul Beg, MD brings exam ready pearls and real world relevance straight to your ears.
33 Episodes
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This episode reviews the 2025 ACE consensus on biologically informed lifestyle therapy for obesity and adiposity based chronic disease (ABCD), including personalized nutrition strategies to achieve and sustain an energy deficit, protein and micronutrient requirements to preserve lean mass and metabolic health, physical activity and resistance training targets for weight maintenance, the role of sleep and circadian regulation in energy balance, and the importance of addressing weight bias, stigma, and psychological comorbidities in long term obesity management.
This episode reviews the 2025 ACE consensus on therapeutic weight loss response, threshold based outcomes, early pharmacologic response assessment, and how to align intervention intensity with disease severity in adiposity based chronic disease (ABCD).
This episode reviews the clinical component of the 2025 ACE consensus, shifting from identifying excess adiposity to staging adiposity based chronic disease (ABCD). It explains how clinicians assess obesity related complications, apply disease staging independent of BMI, and account for contributing factors such as medications, endocrine causes, genetics, psychological influences, and social determinants. The episode then connects staging to individualized treatment planning and long term management within a chronic disease framework.
This episode examines the anthropometric component of the 2025 ACE consensus on obesity, emphasizing the role of BMI as a screening tool rather than a diagnostic endpoint. It outlines population specific BMI thresholds, the clinical need for assessing abdominal adiposity, and the importance of standardized waist circumference and waist to height ratio measurements in evaluating cardiometabolic risk. The discussion reinforces why body fat distribution, rather than total body weight, drives disease risk and explains when body composition testing is indicated to clarify clinical ambiguity. The episode situates these measurements within the broader ACE framework for adiposity based chronic disease (ABCD), supporting more accurate risk stratification and individualized management.
This episode introduces the 2025 ACE consensus framework for obesity, reframing the condition as adiposity based chronic disease (ABCD) rather than a numeric weight diagnosis. It reviews the shift toward person centered, complication centric care, emphasizing the role of both anthropometric and clinical assessment in diagnosis and staging. The discussion highlights obesity related complications as the primary driver of disease severity, the limitations of body mass index as an endpoint, and the importance of shared decision making and longitudinal management using lifestyle, pharmacologic, and surgical therapies to improve health outcomes and quality of life.
This episode reviews the management of dyslipidemia in special populations using an individualized, risk based framework. It emphasizes ASCVD risk assessment in older adults, patients receiving gender affirming hormone therapy, individuals living with HIV, those with chronic inflammatory or autoimmune diseases, adult survivors of childhood cancer, and solid organ transplant recipients. The discussion highlights statin selection, drug drug interactions, use of non statin therapies, and the limitations of traditional risk calculators, underscoring the importance of shared decision making and tailored lipid lowering strategies in populations with complex and often underestimated cardiovascular risk.
This episode reviews guideline directed statin therapy and LDL lowering strategies using ASCVD risk based statin benefit groups. It emphasizes selection of statin intensity, LDL C treatment targets, and appropriate escalation to non statin therapies, including ezetimibe, PCSK9 inhibitors, and bempedoic acid. The episode also addresses statin associated muscle symptoms, CK based management thresholds, and evidence based approaches to true statin intolerance with shared decision making for optimal cardiovascular risk reduction.
This episode reviews the management of hypertriglyceridemia in pregnancy using a triglyceride level guided framework. It emphasizes risk stratification for maternal ASCVD versus pancreatitis, identification of secondary and genetic dyslipidemias, and implementation of lifestyle, dietary, and pharmacologic interventions with multidisciplinary oversight throughout gestation and lactation.
This episode reviews the evaluation and management of adult hypertriglyceridemia using a triglyceride level driven framework. Emphasis is placed on risk stratification to distinguish ASCVD risk reduction from pancreatitis prevention, identification and treatment of secondary and genetic contributors, and implementation of evidence based lifestyle and dietary interventions to guide therapy.
This episode breaks down hypertriglyceridemia in adults, covering classification by level, etiology, particle type, and clinical risk orientation.
This episode reviews the evaluation of adults with severe hypertriglyceridemia, according to the 2025 AACE Algorithm.• Severe Hypertriglyceridemia: Understand impaired triglyceride clearance, chylomicron accumulation, and increased pancreatitis risk, including multifactorial causes.• Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome: Recognize this rare, early onset disorder with persistent hypertriglyceridemia despite low fat intake.• Dysbetalipoproteinemia (APOE E2/E2): Learn about equal elevations of TG and cholesterol, tuberous xanthomas, low Apo B, and excellent response to fibrates.
This episode reviews how to evaluate and manage adults with extremely low or extremely high HDL cholesterol according to the 2025 AACE Algorithm.• Identifies secondary causes of abnormal HDL, such as renal disease, low estrogen states, hyperandrogenism, medications (fibrates, TZDs, niacin, anti epileptics), alcohol excess, estrogen therapy, or pesticide exposure.• Explains key genetic disorders linked to HDL extremes, including ABCA1 (Tangier disease), LCAT (fish eye disease), APOA1 deficiency, CETP deficiency, SCARB1 deficiency, LIPC deficiency, LIPG deficiency, and APOC3 variants.• Summarizes diagnostic clues and next steps, such as examination for corneal clouding, orange tonsils, xanthomas, neuropathy, kidney evaluation, fasting lipid profile confirmation, and targeted genetic or family screening.
This episode reviews how to evaluate and manage adults with very low LDL cholesterol (<40 mg/dL) according to the 2025 AACE Algorithm.• Identifies secondary causes such as lipid lowering therapy, malnutrition, malabsorption, and chronic diseases.• Explains key genetic disorders linked to low LDL. Including MTTP, APOB, PCSK9, ANGPTL3, and SAR1B mutations.• Summarizes diagnostic clues and next steps, such as liver ultrasound, vitamin level assessment, and genetic or family screening.
This episode explores the next step in the 2025 AACE Dyslipidemia Management Algorithm, focusing on adults with LDL cholesterol levels of 190 mg/dL or higher.• Discusses how to evaluate for Familial Hypercholesterolemia and rule out secondary causes.• Reviews diagnostic tools such as the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network, Simon Broome, and Welsh criteria.• Outlines a stepwise approach to assessment, genetic testing, and family screening for early prevention
This episode serves as the introduction to the series on the 2025 AACE Dyslipidemia Management Algorithm, focusing on patient centered risk assessment and lifestyle based prevention strategies.• Covers ASCVD and pancreatitis risk evaluation, lifestyle modification, and shared decision making.• Introduces ASCVD risk classification, validated risk calculators, and integrated cardiometabolic management.• Highlights the importance of equity, medication access, and long term adherence.
In this episode, we review recommendations 73 to 84 from the 2025 American Thyroid Association guidelines on managing radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer and survivorship care.Key topics include:• Use of immunotherapy, redifferentiation therapy, and local or systemic treatments for advanced disease.• Pregnancy management, including timing of surgery, imaging considerations, and TSH goals.• Long term follow up focusing on side effect monitoring, financial counseling, and psychosocial support.
In this episode, we review recommendations 57 to 72 from the 2025 American Thyroid Association guidelines on the management of radioiodine avid and radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer.Key topics include:• The role of RAI therapy for iodine avid bone metastases and rising thyroglobulin levels• Criteria and management strategies for RAIR disease• Monitoring and follow up of stable or progressive RAIR metastatic DTC• Indications for molecular testing and tissue based biomarker assessment• Recommended systemic therapies including multikinase inhibitors (lenvatinib, sorafenib, cabozantinib)• Targeted therapies for NTRK, RET, ALK, and BRAFV600E mutations• Dose management, adverse event monitoring, and strategies for treatment sequencing• The importance of tumor biopsy and next-generation sequencing to guide therapy for resistant disease
In this episode, we review recommendations 51 to 56 from the 2025 American Thyroid Association guidelines on long term management of differentiated thyroid cancer. Key topics include:• The role of ongoing (dynamic) risk stratification in individualized patient management• Decision making for reoperative neck surgery and alternative local therapies such as ethanol and RFA• Indications for additional RAI therapy for cervical lymph node metastases• The role of EBRT in unresectable locoregional recurrences• Radioactive iodine dosing strategies and preparation methods, including dosimetry and TSH stimulation• Management of metastatic disease with RAI, including treatment of pulmonary micrometastases and macronodular metastases
In this episode, we review recommendations 45 to 50 from the 2025 American Thyroid Association guidelines on long term management of differentiated thyroid cancer. Key topics include:• Individualization of TSH suppression strategy• Long term considerations for TSH suppression in low and intermediate risk patients• Monitoring serum thyroglobulin and Tg antibodies as markers of disease status• Follow up protocols for low risk differentiated thyroid cancer, including when to discontinue ultrasound and biochemical monitoring• The role of radioiodine whole body scintigraphy in follow up care•Indications for advanced imaging with fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT in high risk patients
In this episode, we break down recommendations 41 to 44 from the 2025 American Thyroid Association guidelines on differentiated thyroid cancer management. Key topics include:• Patient counseling on the small risk of second primary malignancy after RAI• Baseline labs: complete blood count and kidney function before RAI therapy• Reproductive considerations: pregnancy precautions, nursing patient guidance, and fertility counseling• Adjuvant external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for high risk cases, balancing locoregional control with potential toxicity
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