What Bitcoin Did

Mark Suman is the co-founder of Maple, a fully private, open-source AI. Mark breaks down how Big Tech and governments are using AI to harvest data, profile behaviour, and build the foundations of a coming surveillance system. We get into closed-source models tracking your thoughts and emotions, AGI hype vs reality and the rise of Chinese open-source AI and why private, verifiable AI is the only path that doesn’t lead to mass influence and behavioural control. We also get into how anonymous AI accounts are only possible with Bitcoin, why Lightning and eCash still matter, how miners are navigating the AI-compute boom, and why open protocols are the only safeguard in a world where AI intermediates your money, identity, and communication. THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY FOLLOW: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/\_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny Mark Suman: https://x.com/marksuman

Lyn Alden is a macroeconomist, investor, and the author of Broken Money, known for her deep analysis of liquidity cycles, fiscal dominance, and long-term market structure. In this episode, Lyn breaks down the major macro shift happening right now, the end of quantitative tightening, the turning point in global liquidity, and what this means for Bitcoin, gold, interest rates, and risk assets. She explains why QT is effectively finished, how repo market stress is signalling a balance-sheet pivot, why fiscal dominance is driving inflation, and why Bitcoin’s stagnation has more to do with liquidity and capital rotation than the halving cycle. We discuss the real reason Bitcoin is flat in 2025, how AI has redirected investment flow away from BTC, why OG-holder distribution still shapes every cycle, and why the four-year Bitcoin cycle is dead. Lyn also breaks down gold’s explosive run, the mechanics of fiscal deficits, the “nothing stops this train” thesis, and how the next phase of global liquidity will impact Bitcoin, gold, equities, and the broader macro environment. THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY FOLLOW: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/\_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny Lyn Alden: https://x.com/LynAldenContact or https://primal.net/lyn

Rob Hamilton is the co-founder and CEO of Anchor Watch, a Bitcoin custody and insurance provider. In this episode, Rob breaks down BIP-444, the proposed soft fork aimed at stopping spam. He explains why it represents the most contentious governance moment since the block-size wars, what the proposal actually changes, how it could trigger chain splits and reorgs, and why he believes the effort has almost no chance of success. We discuss the economics, incentives, and psychology behind the new fork movement, why filters failed, how miners really behave under fee pressure, and why futures markets can ultimately determine whether a fork has any economic weight. THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY FOLLOW: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/\_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny Rob Hamilton: https://x.com/Rob1Ham

SeedSigner is an open-source Bitcoin signing device. In this episode, SeedSigner breaks down why trustless hardware matters and why Bitcoin security is a journey, not a destination. He explains how hardware wallets have become a “cat-and-mouse” game of exploits and firmware trust, why he chooses to trust math over manufacturers, and how SeedSigner gives users a verifiable, DIY alternative to commercial wallets. We discuss the evolution of Bitcoin custody, from paper wallets to multisig, and how SeedSigner empowers users to hold keys without relying on opaque supply chains. SeedSigner also shares lessons from his years in digital forensics, why most people’s threat model is themselves, and how open-source sovereignty could become Bitcoin’s last line of defence against capture. THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY FOLLOW: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/\_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny SeedSigner: https://x.com/SeedSigner

Matthew Mezinskis is a macroeconomic researcher, host of Crypto Voices and creator of Porkopolis Economics. In this episode, Matthew breaks down why Bitcoin doesn’t grow exponentially like traditional finance, it grows on a power curve. He explains why this difference matters for sustainability, how it challenges credit-based systems, and what it means for the long-term coexistence of Bitcoin and fiat money. We discuss how the power law reveals Bitcoin’s proportional and sustainable growth, why exponential systems like debt-driven markets inevitably face booms and busts, and how Bitcoin could eventually pull TradFi into a Bitcoin world rather than be absorbed by it. Matthew also explores Bitcoin’s growing dominance as base money, comparing its scale to global cash and reserves, and why its next major milestone is surpassing U.S. cash in circulation. THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY FOLLOW: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/\_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny Matthew Mezinskis: https://x.com/1basemoney

The Rational Root is an on-chain analyst and the creator of the Bitcoin Strategy platform. In this episode, Root breaks down whether Bitcoin’s four-year cycle is truly over. He explains why the recent correction “broke the structure” of the bull market, why early Bitcoiners are taking profits at $100K, and how this institutional “IPO moment” could define Bitcoin’s next decade. We discuss what the data says about long-term holder sell pressure, diminishing returns, and the lengthening of business cycles — and why Bitcoin may now be entering a phase of slower, more stable growth led by institutions and nation-states. Root also shares why he believes Bitcoin is still massively undervalued compared to other assets, why the current distribution phase is healthy, and why patience will be rewarded for those thinking in years, not weeks. THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY FOLLOW: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/\_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny Rational Root: https://x.com/theRationalRoot

Ben Perrin is the creator and host of BTC Sessions, one of Bitcoin’s longest-running educational channels. In this episode, Ben breaks down what true Bitcoin self-custody looks like — from beginner-friendly wallets to advanced multi-sig setups — and explains how to protect your family’s Bitcoin if something happens to you. We discuss the trade-offs between wallets like BitKey, Coldcard, Trezor and Ledger, how inheritance planning really works, and why too much complexity can be your biggest risk. We also explore what it means to live entirely on Bitcoin, how Ben helped build a thriving circular economy in Calgary, and why teaching the next generation to value freedom over convenience might be the most important inheritance of all. THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY FOLLOW: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/\_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny BTC Sessions: https://x.com/BTCsessions

Marty Bent is the Founder of TFTC and Managing Partner at Ten31, Erik Cason is the Co-Founder of Vora, and American HODL is… American HODL. In this Bitcoin Whitepaper Day special, marking 17 years since Satoshi published the paper that changed the world, the three reflect on Bitcoin’s wild evolution from a fringe internet experiment to a $2 trillion, geopolitically relevant asset. We discuss how Bitcoin can free society from financial decay, why the future risks sliding into either communism or fascism, and why Bitcoiners must walk the narrow middle path to preserve individual sovereignty. We get into the Trojan horse of institutional adoption, the spiritual war at the heart of money, and what it means to build in an age of surveillance. THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY FOLLOW: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/\_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny American HODL: https://x.com/americanhodl8 or https://primal.net/hodl Erik Cason: https://x.com/Erikcason or https://primal.net/erikcason Marty Bent: https://x.com/MartyBent or https://primal.net/marty

Obi Nwosu is the CEO and co-founder of Fedi. In this episode, Obi explains how Bitcoin can uplift billions by creating new forms of community-based finance, why privacy is the dividing line between freedom and surveillance, and how tools like Fedimint and Fedi are re-engineering what custody means for the world. Obi also warns that if Bitcoin drifts toward convenience at the cost of freedom, it could become the surveillance system it was designed to escape. The only way to protect financial liberty is to build systems that are decentralized and private. THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY FOLLOW: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/\_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny Obi Nwosu: https://x.com/obi or https://primal.net/obi

Alex Gladstein is the Chief Strategy Officer at the Human Rights Foundation and author of Check Your Financial Privilege and Hidden Repression. In this episode, Alex explains why Bitcoin is the most powerful tool for human rights in the 21st century, freedom money that protects people from surveillance, censorship, and financial control. Alex breaks down how money evolved from an instrument of freedom to a weapon of control, how governments now use financial repression as their first tool of censorship, and why Bitcoin is the only technology capable of reversing that trend. He discusses his new essay for The Journal of Democracy, how it reframes Bitcoin as a human rights revolution rather than a financial asset, and why even stablecoins ultimately strengthen state power instead of limiting it. THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY Follow: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny Alex Gladstein: https://x.com/gladstein or https://primal.net/gladstein

Nik Bhatia is a financial researcher and the author of Layered Money and The Bitcoin Age. In this episode, Nik explains why last week’s repo market spike was a potential warning shot that liquidity in the system is drying up. He breaks down how the Fed’s plumbing actually works, why banks are hoarding reserves instead of lending them, and what it means when the “floor and ceiling” of the system stop holding. Nik argues that quantitative tightening is reaching its limits and that a new era of liquidity is coming, not necessarily from the Fed, but from a massive private credit boom. He lays out why this will supercharge U.S. industrial growth, fuel long-term inflation, and make Bitcoin one of the most valuable forms of collateral in the world. We also discuss the run in the price of gold, what it could signal geopolitically, and why Bitcoin’s volatility compression might mean the end of traditional market cycles. THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY Follow: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny Nik Bhatia: https://x.com/timevalueofbtc

Leopoldo López is a Venezuelan opposition leader, former political prisoner, and founder of the World Liberty Congress, a global alliance of democracy defenders and freedom fighters. In this episode, Leopoldo tells the story of how he went from mayor of Caracas to being hunted, imprisoned, and sentenced for “sending subliminal messages” through his speeches. He reveals what four years in solitary confinement does to the human mind, how he led a prison uprising from inside his cell, and the insane escape that finally got him out of Venezuela. Now living in exile, Leopoldo explains how he’s using Bitcoin to fight back. Funding resistance movements, paying doctors and activists when banks are weaponised by dictators, and building a new freedom network through the World Liberty Congress. THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY Follow: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny Leopoldo Lopez: https://x.com/leopoldolopez or https://primal.net/leo

Andrew Hohns is founder and CEO of Battery Finance and CEO of Newmarket Capital. In this episode, we get into how Bitcoin-backed credit can rebuild trust in the global financial system — and why integrating Bitcoin into institutional finance could change everything from mortgages to sovereign debt. We explore why Bitcoin is the ideal form of collateral and how it can transform credit markets distorted by inflation and fiat mismanagement. We also get into Andrew's idea for BitBonds, and how a Bitcoin-infused U.S. Treasury bonds could revolutionise sovereign debt issuance. THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY Follow: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny Andrew Hohns: https://www.linkedin.com/in/andrew-hohns-6901226

Matt Odell is host of Citadel Dispatch, co-host of Rabbit Hole Recap, managing partner at Ten31 and co-founder of OpenSats & Bitcoin Park. In this episode, we dive into the rise of surveillance capitalism, why freedom tech is the only path forward, and what a truly sovereign digital society could look like. We explore how Nostr and Bitcoin together create an open foundation for speech, identity, and money. A new digital commons built on permissionless code, not corporate control. Odell also gives his take on the wave of Bitcoin treasury companies and why some have drifted from Bitcoin’s core ethics, and why real, profitable businesses saving in Bitcoin will thrive. THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY Follow: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny Matt Odell: https://primal.net/odell

Luke Gromen is the founder of Forest for the Trees. In this episode, we discuss why the U.S. debt cycle is reaching a breaking point, how AI and geopolitics are accelerating structural change, and why we could be witnessing the endgame of the fiat era. We get into why stablecoins may represent the next phase of the petrodollar system, the rise of financial repression, the return of inflation as a political tool, and why gold and Bitcoin are the only real safe havens this decade. He also lays out how AI threatens the debt-based monetary system itself, why autonomous labor could cause mass unemployment, and why meaning, not money, might become society’s scarcest resource. In this episode: - Why the Fed has to cut rates and inflate away debt - The new “petrodollar” built on stablecoins - The coming wave of financial repression THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY Follow: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny Luke Gromen: https://x.com/LukeGromen

Checkmate is a Bitcoin analyst known for his on-chain & macro research. In this episode, we get into the weekend’s deleveraging event across the markets, the structural fragility it exposed, and why Bitcoin’s resilience through it all might mark a new era of maturity for the asset. Checkmate breaks down what caused over $20 billion in liquidations, how cascading leverage turned minor sell-offs into total wipeouts, and why market makers simply “walked away.” He also explains why Bitcoin’s fundamentals, ETF inflows, spot demand, and deep capital pools make it better positioned than ever despite short-term volatility. We discuss how Bitcoin is becoming the world’s 24/7 macro signal, why "crypto" may be entering terminal decline, and what the data says about sentiment, and the critical price levels that will determine whether this was just a reset, or the start of a broader bear market. In this episode: - The $20 billion liquidation and what triggered it - How leverage cascades break the market - Bitcoin’s structural strength - Why Bitcoin is the world’s macro thermometer THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY Follow: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny Checkmate: https://x.com/_Checkmatey_

Dr. Roman Yampolskiy is a computer scientist and AI safety researcher whose work explores the existential risks of artificial intelligence and the limits of human control. In this episode, we dive deep into whether superintelligence can be contained, why AI may already be on an unstoppable trajectory, and what that means for humanity’s future. Roman explains the difference between narrow AI, AGI, and superintelligence, and why building systems smarter than us may be a form of mutually assured destruction. We cover the ethics of open-source models, whether AI could ever be conscious, and how Bitcoin fits into a world dominated by intelligent machines. In this episode: - Why superintelligence may be impossible to control - The existential risk of AI - Whether consciousness can exist in machines - How AI will replace all human labor - Why AI might eventually use Bitcoin as its native money THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY Follow: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny Dr. Roman Yampolskiy: https://x.com/romanyam

Antoine Poinsot is a Bitcoin Core contributor and researcher at Chaincode Labs. In this episode, we dive deep into the growing divide between Bitcoin Core and Knots, why mistrust in Core development has reached new levels, and what the v30 policy changes really mean for the future of Bitcoin. Antoine explains the history behind the OP_RETURN controversy, how “spam” and arbitrary data affect the UTXO set, and why multiple implementations like Knots may be both a strength and a serious risk to the network. We also cover Core’s security-disclosure process, how decisions are actually made inside the project, and whether Bitcoin should ossify or continue to evolve. In this episode: - The Core vs Knots debate - Spam, inscriptions, and the limits of filtering policy - UTXO bloat, miner incentives, and decentralisation risks - Why unreviewed Knots code could become a systemic threat - How Core handles policy vs consensus changes THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY Follow: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny Antoine Poinsot: https://x.com/darosior

Peter Dunworth is the Director of a multi-family office and is the co-founder of The Bitcoin Adviser. In this episode, we dive into why Bitcoin is the ultimate vehicle for generational wealth, how to actually protect it across jurisdictions, and why collateral, not debt, is the real story of global finance. We get into why Bitcoin could underpin the collateral markets, how hyperbitcoinisation might play out both personally and globally, and why coexistence with fiat may last much longer than many expect. Peter explains how capital protected Bitcoin bonds could revolutionise sovereign debt, why the financialization of Bitcoin by Wall Street may actually be a net positive. In this episode: - Why 1 BTC could soon be generational wealth - The challenges of preserving wealth - Bitcoin as the foundation of collateral markets - The case for Bitcoin bonds - How Wall Street will financialize Bitcoin - Coexistence of Bitcoin and fiat THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY Follow: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny Peter Dunworth: https://x.com/PeterBTCAdviser

Checkmate is an on-chain analyst and founder of Checkonchain, Joe Carlasare is a Commercial Litigator and macro commentator & Matthew Pines is the Executive Director at the Bitcoin Policy Institute. They explain why the four-year cycle may finally be dead, how ETFs and institutional flows are reshaping Bitcoin’s volatility, and why 95K has become a critical “Hodler’s Wall.” We get into gold’s resurgence and how central bank accumulation signals a structural shift in global finance, and how fiscal dominance is eroding the Fed’s independence. The roundtable also dives into the politics of debt, the prospect of yield curve control, and the AI-driven capex boom that could both fuel growth and deepen inequality. In this episode: - The end of the four-year cycle - ETFs, flows, and the new volatility profile of Bitcoin - The Federal Reserve & fiscal dominance - AI & the future of productivity THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS: IREN RIVER ANCHORWATCH BLOCKWARE LEDN BITKEY Follow: Danny Knowles: https://x.com/_DannyKnowles or https://primal.net/danny Checkmate: https://x.com/_Checkmatey_ Joe Carlasare: https://x.com/JoeCarlasare Matthew Pines: https://x.com/matthew_pines