Blue Sky

When Eddie Ndopu was two years old, his mother was told he wouldn't likely live past five.  Now in his early thirties, Eddie is an internationally-known and Oxford-educated advocate for the rights of the disabled.  In this interview, he shares how his optimistic single mother instilled in Eddie a love of learning and encouraged him to pursue a "life of the mind."  Today, Eddie is world-renowned and was hand-selected by the UN Secretary General to be one of 17 people selected as an SDG Advocate.  Reflecting on his new memoir, Eddie describes how he wrote his book, typing with his "one good finger on an iPhone," and why he hopes this book will inspire others to be more understanding and supportive of people living with disabilities.    Chapters: 00:00 Introducing Eddie Ndopu  This chapter introduces Eddie Ndopu, author of 'Sipping Dom Perignon Through a Straw.' Diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy at two, doctors predicted he wouldn't live past five, yet he's become an internationally acclaimed humanitarian and UN advocate, defying all odds.  03:29 Aspiration Beyond Accessibility  Eddie explains his book's provocative title, 'Sipping Dom Perignon Through a Straw,' as a metaphor for aspirations often denied to people with disabilities. He shares his incredible journey of surpassing a five-year life expectancy and attributes his resilience to his mother's unwavering support and the gift of education, which opened countless opportunities.  07:49 His Mother's Unyielding Dream  Eddie reflects on his mother's resilience and optimism, particularly during an emotional encounter with President Obama. He recounts her profound understanding that systemic injustice, like apartheid, robs people of their ability to dream, a lesson that fueled her determination for Eddie to have a life of limitless possibility.  13:12 Advocacy for Inclusive Education  Eddie discusses the shocking statistic that 90% of children with disabilities never see the inside of a classroom.   17:38 The African Leadership Academy  Eddie recounts a pivotal moment when he learned about the African Leadership Academy, seeing it as a crucial opportunity despite initial rejection. His defiance and a persuasive letter ultimately secured his admission, highlighting his remarkable drive even at 16.  22:24 The Embodied Oxford Experience Eddie delves into the challenging and deeply personal experience of writing his memoir with one finger, detailing the physical and emotional toll of navigating Oxford as a profoundly disabled student.   29:50 Defying the Post-Fairytale Challenges  Eddie describes Oxford as 'the day after the fairytale,' a period of relentless challenges despite achieving a dream. He explains that his memoir is an 'anti-grit' narrative, highlighting the exhaustion of constant struggle and the unfairness of society expecting individuals to always be strong, rather than institutions meeting them halfway.  35:09 Global Humanitarian Work and Future  Eddie details his post-Oxford career, serving as the youngest board member of the UN Foundation and an SDG advocate for the UN Secretary-General. He describes his work as pushing the boundaries of representation and using storytelling to envision a world where every person lives with dignity, with aspirations to pivot into film and television to further this mission.  40:20 Disability as an Offering to Humanity  Eddie shares his extraordinary goal of becoming the first wheelchair-bound person in outer space, symbolizing possibility for all humanity. He reflects on his quote, 'imperfection is more intrinsic to us all than perfection is,' viewing disability as an offering that teaches new ways of being and ultimately leads to a profound sense of liberation and freedom when embraced. 

We all know that our jobs are a huge part of our lives, and the way we feel about our workplace, our supervisors, and coworkers has a lot to do with our ability to stay positive and mentally healthy and be optimistic about our future. Blue Sky guest Amy Leneker was achieving every success she'd ever imagined in her work, but was still unhappy and eventually became burned out. She's since made it her life's work to get to the bottom of what burns us out at work and what steps we can take to do something about it.    Chapters: 00:00 Introduction: Amy Leneker's Journey  This chapter introduces Amy Leneker, founder and CEO of the Center for Joyful Work, and her mission to help leaders reduce stress and find joy. It highlights her extensive background, including studies at Yale and Harvard, and her book "Cheers to Monday," setting the stage for the discussion on workplace burnout and optimism.  02:26 Optimism, Upbringing, and Career Amy Leneker discusses the roots of her optimism, attributing it to both innate personality and her Midwest upbringing with 'plenty of love and never enough money.'   05:44 Defining and Recognizing Burnout  Amy explains the three components of burnout according to the World Health Organization: exhaustion, cynicism, and lack of self-confidence. She clarifies that burnout isn't just about lack of passion but also the execution and environment of work, tracing its origins to a 1970s physician in healthcare.  09:34 The Overcomplication of Stress  Amy shares how her personal experience with burnout, even after leaving her initial high-stress job, led her to deeply research workplace stress. She discovered that stress is surprisingly common and often overcomplicated, with many attempted solutions actually worsening the problem, prompting her to seek simpler remedies.  12:08 Misguided Solutions and Managerial Curiosity  Amy provides examples of ineffective stress solutions, such as managers offering calendar management advice when the real issues are social or system stress. She emphasizes that leaders should be curious and ask direct reports what truly causes them stress and joy to avoid removing meaningful tasks from their workload.  16:09 The Power of Authentic Questions  Amy highlights the importance of leaders asking simple questions like 'What causes you the most stress and joy?' to genuinely understand their team's needs. She notes a significant disconnect between executives who value joy at work and those who perceive it as frivolous, despite employees largely seeing it as essential for best performance.  19:50 Defining Joy in the Workplace  Amy defines joy at work through three conditions: meaning in daily tasks, mattering to colleagues as a human, and experiencing momentum or making a difference.   23:19 Joy as a Resilience Strategy and Recognition's Role  Amy explains that joy is not something to be postponed until stress is gone, but rather a vital resilience strategy that helps individuals navigate tough times.   31:39 Navigating External Stress and Contagious Joy  Amy addresses the increasing challenge of external stressors like political division and 'eco-anxiety' influencing workplace well-being. She highlights that stress is contagious but joy is even more so, rippling out into home and community life, urging leaders to manage their own stress and foster joy for broader positive impact.  38:01 Cheers to Monday: A Collective Framework  Amy explains that 'Cheers to Monday' means having the ability to handle whatever stress comes, without delaying joy, and taking control of one's approach to work. She stresses that her book is for everyone, not just leaders, as stress and joy are interconnected and a common framework can prevent burnout across the entire organization.  

In this very special episode of Blue Sky, Steve D. tells the remarkable story of his struggle against his son's severe addiction to alcohol. (Steve is not using his full name here to protect his son's anonymity.)  While living what he would describe as a near perfect life – great marriage with his high school sweetheart, dream job, five great children – Steve discovers that his youngest child is struggling with an addiction that has driven him to the point of attempting to take his own life.  Almost overnight, Steve's world is turned upside down as he and his wife try to face their new reality and save their son.  With striking honesty, Steve describes his family's heartbreaking and terrifying challenges, and why he left his Wall Street job to study addiction and make helping others in this predicament his life's work.     Chapters: 00:00 Introduction to Steve D's Story  This chapter introduces Steve D, a former Wall Street executive who seemingly had a perfect life until his youngest son, Stevie, developed a severe alcohol addiction.   02:02 Stevie's Near-Death Experience  Steve D recounts the terrifying night his son Stevie, then 16, attempted suicide on a railroad track due to his alcohol addiction and depression. Despite Steve's generally optimistic nature, he initially saw no way out of this devastating situation, but ultimately, Stevie's recovery proved him wrong.  08:01 Finding a Path to Recovery  Steve explains that finding professional treatment was the crucial first step in their family's journey toward recovery. He also realized he needed to change his parenting approach, moving from being his son's friend to setting difficult boundaries and allowing natural consequences to help Stevie recognize his problem.  10:48 The Challenge of Parental Intervention  Steve discusses the immense difficulty parents face in taking a hard line with a child struggling with self-harm and addiction, often leading to manipulation by the child.  14:53 Family and Marriage Impact  Steve explains how Stevie's addiction severely strained his marriage, as he and his wife disagreed on how to handle the situation. Their older children intervened, leading to Steve and his wife finally getting on the same page with a unified approach, which was crucial for Stevie's recovery.  21:29 Addiction as a Disease  Steve discusses the concept of 'raising the bottom' and intervening early in addiction, emphasizing that it's a disease, not a moral failing. He advocates for the slogan 'love the kid, hate the disease' to help parents detach from their child's hurtful behavior and focus on solving the underlying problem.  27:57 A Letter to Addiction  Steve shares a powerful letter he wrote directly to 'Addiction,' expressing his profound hatred for the disease and his determination for his son to overcome it. This exercise helped him direct his anger appropriately, clarifying that the disease was the enemy, not his son.  31:21 Stevie's Recovery and Purpose  Steve provides an update on Stevie's successful recovery, highlighting his son's transformation from a fun-loving child to someone who embraced sobriety and now helps others in recovery. Stevie is celebrating nearly eight years of sobriety, working at a sober living facility, and making a significant difference in the lives of many.  36:17 Steve's New Mission and Resources  Steve explains how his son's journey dramatically changed his own life trajectory, leading him to retire from Wall Street to dedicate himself to addiction recovery advocacy.   48:09 A New Sense of Purpose and Optimism  Steve reflects on how he now measures his success by the hours spent assisting families, embodying a profound sense of optimism and gratitude for his new life's direction.   

The teenage years are always tough, not just for the teens but also for the parents, teachers, and coaches in their lives.  Charlene Engstrom and Johan Fallby have decided to do something about this and their firm, Playwell Minds has developed an app and other teaching tools to develop in young people what they describe as "mental fitness."    Chapters: 00:00 Introduction to Playwell Minds  The episode introduces Playwell Minds, an organization founded by Charlene Engstrom and Johan Fallby, focused on proactive mental fitness training for teens. Their app aims to help young people develop a positive mindset and coping skills.  01:42 Founders' Diverse Backgrounds  Charlene Engstrom, from a corporate background, and Johan Fallby, with experience in sports psychology, share their unique journeys to co-founding Playwell Minds. They discuss how their different expertise contributes to their mission of helping young people.  06:20 Playwell Minds: Proactive Mental Fitness  Playwell Minds provides a seven-step mental fitness methodology and an app for teens, focusing on proactive rather than reactive mental health support. The program draws on cognitive behavioral therapy, sports psychology, and positive psychology to help teens develop self-awareness and coping skills.  12:49 The Role of Phones and Apps  The discussion delves into how Playwell Minds utilizes a phone-based app to reach teens, acknowledging concerns about screen time and social media. The app offers a private space for self-reflection and encourages positive habits through short, focused exercises, contrasting with the negative aspects of social media.  21:04 Teaching Realistic Optimism  Charlene and Johan explain their approach to teaching realistic optimism, which involves self-awareness, enjoying the present, and accepting setbacks, drawing from CBT and positive psychology. They aim to counteract the unrealistic perceptions often fostered by social media by helping teens understand that life has ups and downs.  27:00 Parent and Community Involvement  The founders emphasize the crucial role of parents, teachers, and coaches in supporting teens' mental fitness by fostering a common language and understanding. They also advise parents to encourage solutions and celebrate small achievements, rather than solely focusing on results and adding pressure.  33:02 Impact and Future of Playwell Minds  Playwell Minds is actively pursuing formal research with universities to validate its positive impact, building on strong anecdotal evidence and survey results from over 1,400 students. The program is expanding from Sweden to the U.S. and France, with the goal of equipping teens with lifelong mental fitness skills.  43:10 Conclusion and Resources  The hosts reflect on the challenging yet admirable work of Playwell Minds in helping teenagers navigate modern pressures with realistic optimism. Listeners are encouraged to visit playwellminds.com and their YouTube channel for more information and resources on teen mental fitness.   

Jeff Korzenik, the chief economist at a major US bank, explains how predicting a labor shortage in the US led him to discover the growing movement around "second chance" hiring of people with criminal records.  His passion for this work led him to write "Untapped Talent," a book that explains to companies the benefits of this type of hiring and offers a blueprint of how best to do it.  Jeff describes how second chance hiring can transform lives and communities.    Chapters: 00:00 Introduction to Jeff Korzenik's Work  This chapter introduces Jeff Korzenik, Chief Economist and author of Untapped Talent, highlighting his unique background as a bank executive focused on hiring people with criminal records.   03:14 From Economics to Second Chances  Jeff Korzenik explains how his work on second-chance hiring evolved from his economic research into labor force challenges, initially focusing on the opioid epidemic.   05:51 The Staggering Numbers of Incarceration  Jeff outlines the immense scale of incarceration and criminal records in the United States, emphasizing how the U.S. is an outlier globally.   09:05 Creating Hope in Prison Jeff discusses the inherent unfairness of a system where a prison sentence can become a life sentence due to employment discrimination. He shares how his book, 'Untapped Talent,' is distributed to incarcerated individuals to instill hope and remind them that they are a valuable resource, not a burden, through the generous support of others.  14:15 Employer Barriers and Solutions  Jeff addresses the common objections employers have to hiring individuals with criminal records: safety/liability, employee quality, and reputation risk. He explains that these concerns are valid but manageable through intelligent, business-based decisions, advocating for transparent and supportive hiring practices.  17:55 The Loyalty of Second Chance Hires  Jeff highlights that successful second-chance hiring relies on traditional hiring models, adapted to understand and support candidates with criminal records.   23:23 Virtuous Cycle of Success  Jeff explains the 'snowballing effect' of success in second-chance hiring, where companies known for fair chance employment receive high-quality referrals and build strong community relationships.   26:08 Empathy and Boundaries in Hiring  Jeff advocates for people to visit prisons to humanize the incarcerated and understand their experiences.   33:28 Challenges Post-Release and 'Ban the Box'  Jeff illustrates the immense hurdles individuals face immediately after release from prison, from securing basic necessities to navigating a changed world with minimal support. He explains why state-mandated 'ban the box' policies have often been ineffective, and instead suggests that voluntary removal of the box by truly committed employers sends a powerful, positive signal to job seekers.  39:17 Impact on Fellow Employees and Society  Jeff discusses how to integrate second-chance hires into a company's workforce, emphasizing that transparency and context are key to addressing potential employee concerns.   43:43 Untapped Potential and Future Optimism  Jeff expresses immense optimism about the future of second-chance hiring, despite being in the very early stages of leveraging this vast talent pool.   49:10 Resources and Multi-Generational Impact  Jeff provides resources for companies interested in second-chance hiring, including the Second Chance Business Coalition and SHRM's 'Getting Talent Back to Work' certification. He underscores the profound multi-generational benefits of fair chance employment, emphasizing its role in breaking cycles of incarceration and fostering a virtuous cycle of community safety and economic prosperity. 

Beatrice Erkers decided not to pursue a PhD after concluding that she wanted to do work that had more of a positive impact on the world.  She made her way to the Foresight Institute and is now director of their Existential Hope program.  In this episode, she describes her reasons for optimism and the work she's doing to create more hope around the benefits of emerging technologies.    Chapters: 00:00 Introduction to Beatrice Erkers  Bill Burke introduces Beatrice Erkers, Director of the Existential Hope Program at the Foresight Institute. Beatrice's work involves imagining positive futures with technology, and she co-hosts the Existential Hope Podcast.  01:54 From Literature to Foresight Institute  Beatrice discusses her career path from comparative literature and history of science to her current role at the Foresight Institute. She explains how an internship and a desire for impactful work led her to discover 80,000 Hours, a resource for meaningful careers, where she found her current position.  05:21 Optimism and the Younger Generation  Beatrice shares her inherent optimistic bias, fueled by frustration with pessimism and the influence of Hans Rosling's fact-based optimism. She addresses the concern about rising pessimism in younger generations, advocating for meaningful work as a source of purpose.  09:56 Existential Hope Program & Podcast  Beatrice explains the origin of the Existential Hope Program, inspired by a philosophy paper on existential risk and hope. She emphasizes the program's focus on creating a library of hopeful resources and exploring desired futures through technology, with the podcast serving as a flagship for these conversations.  14:53 Hope: Optimism with a Plan Beatrice elaborates on the definition of hope as 'optimism with a plan,' emphasizing awareness of obstacles while believing in a better outcome.   19:03 Eucatastrophe and Penicillin  Beatrice introduces the concept of 'eucatastrophe,' a term coined by Tolkien, as the opposite of a catastrophe, representing events that increase value in the world. She uses the invention of penicillin as a powerful example of a eucatastrophe, underscoring its profound positive impact on human life and the rapid advancements in medical treatments.  23:27 Emerging Technologies: Longevity, Neurotech, and AI  Beatrice discusses exciting emerging technologies, including longevity research becoming mainstream and the revolutionary potential of neurotech for mental health.   29:40 Addressing Climate Change with Hope  Beatrice tackles eco-anxiety by recommending Hannah Ritchie's 'Not the End of the World,' which uses data to show that climate change isn't as dire as often portrayed and that solutions exist. She emphasizes human problem-solving capabilities and the importance of focusing on high-leverage interventions rather than individual, often perceived as pointless, actions.  36:08 World Building for 2035 and 2045 Beatrice explains the Foresight Institute's 'world building' projects for 2035 and 2045, initially focused on AI timelines, which now reflect faster progress.   40:29 Foresight Institute's Future and 40th Anniversary  Beatrice outlines the exciting future for the Foresight Institute, including its 40th-anniversary celebrations with three Vision Weekend events globally and the establishment of physical hubs in San Francisco and Berlin. The Existential Hope program will continue its podcast, explore in-person conversations, and expand into short-form media to disseminate ideas on positive AI futures more broadly.  45:04 Concluding Thoughts  Bill Burke reflects on the inspiring discussion with Beatrice Erkers about envisioning a hopeful future and the importance of staying optimistic to achieve progress.  

LaTosha Brown has been described by many as a "force of nature," and from the first seconds of this Blue Sky episode, you will understand why.  Raised in Selma, Alabama she grew up surrounded by family members who were at the center of the civil rights movement in the United States.  Being close to grandparents who spent much of their adult lives unable to vote led her to appreciate this franchise and their example continues to inspire her "get out the vote" work today. LaTosha describes being raised by strong women and not experiencing overt sexism until she ran for office in Alabama, but instead of letting this get her down, she channeled these experiences into the creation of the Southern Black Girls & Women's Consortium. LaTosha Brown also happens to be a talented singer and performer, and she shares this gift with us here as well.    Chapters: 00:00 Introducing LaTosha Brown  This chapter introduces LaTosha Brown, co-founder of Black Voters Matter and Southern Black Girls and Women's Consortium, highlighting her extensive background as a thought leader and activist. Host Bill Burke also shares his initial encounter with her and praises her infectious sense of hope and optimism.  02:24 Selma's Civil Rights Legacy  LaTosha discusses her upbringing in Selma, Alabama, and the profound impact of the Edmund Pettus Bridge, even before she understood its historical significance. She shares deeply personal stories of her mother's experience integrating high school and her aunt's participation in Bloody Sunday, emphasizing the lasting effects of these civil rights efforts on her family and her own development.  11:17 Grandparents, Voting & Justice  LaTosha recounts her grandparents' deep reverence for voting, stemming from their long struggle to gain the right to vote in Alabama. She also reflects on her lifelong fascination with power and justice, recalling childhood instances where she instinctively stood up against bullying, illustrating her innate desire to challenge the abuse of power.  21:05 Politics and Challenging Sexism  LaTosha discusses her decision not to pursue a political career despite running for office multiple times, explaining that her focus shifted to making a greater impact through organizing and infrastructure building.   30:09 Love, Power & Blackness as a Gift  LaTosha explains that Black Voters Matter is founded on Dr. Martin Luther King's philosophy of love implementing justice and power correcting injustice.   39:07 Southern Black Girls & Women's Consortium  LaTosha shares the inspiration behind the Southern Black Girls and Women's Consortium, an initiative to reverse underinvestment in Black women and girls in the South. She details the consortium's three core pillars: centering joy through activities like the 'Joy is Our Journey' bus tours, building an ecosystem of support organizations, and creating a new philanthropic model led by Black women and girls, including a partnership with Megan Thee Stallion to address mental health.  44:57 Sources of Optimism  LaTosha reveals the three main sources of her unwavering optimism: her faith in a higher power and the miraculous nature of life, the incredible capacity of human beings to create and imagine, and the historical resilience of her ancestors, which allows her to thrive today. She emphasizes that optimism is a choice of focus, deeply rooted in appreciating the wonders of the universe and human existence. 

Julie Roland's background is impressive and remarkably varied.  She's a retired naval aviator, magician, a law school graduate, a political staffer, and founder of the community-building nonprofit Just Tryna Make Friends.  In this Blue Sky episode, Julie spreads her infectious optimism about how the arts can be used to connect people at a time when so many forces are pulling us apart.    Chapters: 00:00 Introduction to Julie Roland  Bill Burke introduces Julie Roland, highlighting her diverse background as a Navy Lieutenant Commander, helicopter pilot, and founder of a community-building nonprofit. Julie shares how 'The West Wing' inspired her patriotism and Harry Potter sparked her interest in flying and magic, leading her to ROTC and a career in the Navy.  05:00 Just Trying to Make Friends  Julie discusses the genesis of her nonprofit, Just Tryna Make Friends, which she co-founded to foster community and promote the arts. She explains how the organization grew from backyard shows into a larger movement, especially after COVID-19 heightened the need for connection and live performances.  11:24 The Power of Art and Connection  Julie elaborates on her broad definition of art and why it effectively brings people together, emphasizing vulnerability and authentic expression. She describes the diverse acts featured at 'Just Tryna Make Friends' shows, from music and comedy to fire sword dancing and crochet, all aimed at creating a welcoming stage for creative expression.  17:04 Restoring Faith in Humanity through Art Julie reflects on how art restores her faith in humanity, highlighting its unique ability to inspire wonder and beauty. She describes the grassroots setup of 'Just Tryna Make Friends' shows, designed to be free, accessible, and foster a childlike sense of community and connection among strangers.  25:57 Creative Outlets in the Navy  Julie shares how she integrated her playful and creative side, including magic and music, into her regimented Navy career, even performing on aircraft carriers. She recounts anecdotes like painting a mural in her squadron and doing magic tricks for admirals, showcasing her consistent pursuit of creative outlets.  35:30 Future Endeavors and Community Engagement  Julie discusses her future plans, including potentially taking the bar exam and her current role as a District Director for a New York State government official, focusing on community engagement.    

Older Americans are struggling with social isolation more than ever.  This can lead to challenges with mental and physical health as people age, and one nonprofit is having great success trying to do something about it. Life Story Club uses scheduled Zoom and phone calls form members to share stories about their past, present, and plans for their future.  In this Blue Sky conversation, interim director and geriatric specialist Dr. Jennifer Wong describes how this life-changing organization operates.    Chapters: 00:00 Welcome and Jennifer's Background  The episode introduces Blue Sky and its focus on optimism, then introduces guest Dr. Jennifer Wong. Dr. Wong shares her journey into experimental psychology and her passion for supporting older adults and those with disabilities, which stems from personal experiences with family health challenges.  05:00 Life Story Club's Mission  Jennifer explains how she connected with the Life Story Club and describes its simple yet effective model. The club gathers older adults virtually each week to share life stories, aiming to combat social isolation and loneliness in a vulnerable population.  10:25 Story Rx Program and Partnerships  Jennifer details the Story Rx program, a unique initiative where medical professionals can prescribe Life Story Club to patients. This program allows for powerful partnerships with leading healthcare institutions like Cleveland Clinic and Montefiore, leveraging medical data to track the program's effectiveness in improving patient well-being.  15:22 Facilitator's Impact and Wisdom The discussion highlights the profound impact facilitators have and the valuable insights they gain from older adults' stories. Facilitators, who are paid professionals, often share their own vulnerabilities, fostering deep connections and mutual support within the clubs, which also incorporate geographical and linguistic considerations.  22:34 Intergenerational Perspective and Progress  Jennifer and Bill discuss how older adults' stories provide invaluable historical perspective, reminding younger generations of societal progress and the non-linear nature of change. These narratives offer optimism and a reminder that current challenges, while significant, have historical precedents that were overcome.  27:43 Data and Family Connection  Jennifer shares the impressive data collected from Life Story Club participants, showing significant improvements in loneliness, belonging, and mood. The conversation also emphasizes how the club's story recording feature provides a precious gift to families, reconnecting them with their elders' unheard stories and fostering intergenerational connection.  35:20 Growth and Future Outlook  Life Story Club is actively working on expanding its reach beyond New York, developing a working group for communities interested in replicating the model. They welcome partnerships with healthcare organizations and individual donors to meet the growing need for older adult support and enhance life for longer-living populations. 

Lynda Ulrich and her daughter Liesl Ulrich-Verderber are the mother-daughter team behind the Goodness Exchange, a global positive-news platform founded in 2014 to help people cut through today's negative nose with research-backed, solutions-focused storytelling. On this Blue Sky episode, they describe how they came to their optimistic outlooks at different stages of their lives and have managed to work together to create a remarkable platform for hopeful and uplifting stories.    Chapters: 00:00 Are Optimists Born or Made?  Bill Burke introduces the mother-daughter team, Dr. Lynda Ulrich and Liesl Ulrich-Verderber, co-founders of The Goodness Exchange. Lynda shares how a childhood tragedy, coupled with her parents' optimistic worldview, led her to choose to see the good in the world from a young age.  04:22 From Jaded to Optimist  Liesl describes her journey from a 'jaded Harvard student' to an optimist, influenced by working with her mother on The Goodness Exchange's positive content. Lynda discusses how she encouraged her children to 'change their state' and choose their perspective when facing adversity, modeling this through their family's extensive global travels.  08:05 The Power of Travel  Lynda and Liesl reflect on how their extensive world travels, even to uncomfortable places, broadened their perspectives and fueled their optimism. Liesl emphasizes seeing both the vast differences and similarities in how people live globally, fostering connections across cultures and expanding comfort zones.  12:30 The Digital Divide and Disinformation  Lynda explains her transition from dentistry to founding The Goodness Exchange, motivated by patients' increasing fear and negativity towards the future post-2010, linking it to negative news and social media. Liesl attributes this shift to the early, unregulated development of social media by young creators and a general lack of digital literacy, but notes a growing trend among younger generations to disengage from platforms that negatively impact them.  17:42 Battling Digital Overload  Bill and Lynda discuss the unhealthy constant consumption of negative information through smartphones and social media, highlighting how clicks on alarming content inadvertently 'vote' for more of it.   22:30 Unplugging and Community Liesl, specializing in EdTech, advocates for removing phones from classrooms to foster community and better learning, viewing technology as a tool for connection rather than a constant distraction.   30:01 The Goodness Exchange's Evolution  Lynda recounts starting The Goodness Exchange (originally Ever Widening Circles) as a blog to counter the world's negativity she observed in her dental practice, writing daily articles about positive stories. Liesl, upon graduating from Harvard, decided to join, seeing it as a way to transition her mother's passion into a sustainable and impactful publishing and media company focused on rigorously sourced positive content.  33:05 Rats to the Rescue!  The Goodness Exchange primarily publishes positive news articles, a bi-weekly newsletter, and the 'Conspiracy of Goodness' podcast, focusing on engaging content formats as people skim rather than read.   41:02 AI in Education: Educated Bravery  Liesl expresses excitement about AI in education, particularly tools like Khanmigo and Magic School AI, which move beyond cheating fears to empower teachers and students.   48:13 Bridging Generational Gaps  Lynda shares an analogy about intergenerational collaboration, where her long life provides a broad 'back of the Earth' perspective, while Liesl, standing on the 'edge,' sees what's coming in the future.

Before Stan Andrisse was sentenced to ten years in prison for a Class A drug felony, the prosecutor had asked for a life sentence, suggesting that the defendant was irredeemable.  In the years since, Stan, now "Dr. Andrisse" has proved this attorney and many others wrong.  While in prison, he discovered an interest in science and endocrinology and today is a tenured professor at the Howard University College of Medicine.  To create similar opportunities and career paths for others who are or have been incarcerated, he founded the nonprofit From Prison Cells to PhD.    Chapters:   00:00 Introduction to Dr. Stan Andrisse  This chapter introduces Dr. Stan Andrisse a tenured faculty member at Howard University and the founder of "From Prison Cells to PhD."   02:40 Early Life and Incarceration  Dr. Andrisse discusses his childhood in Ferguson, Missouri, and how he became involved in illegal activities from a young age. He describes his progression from minor trouble to serious drug dealing, leading to multiple felony convictions and facing a potential life sentence under the three-strikes law.  07:58 The Incarceration of the Mind  Stan reflects on the profound psychological impact of being labeled a career criminal and facing a lengthy prison sentence. He emphasizes that the 'incarceration of the mind' is more damaging than physical imprisonment and describes how a mentor helped him begin to overcome this despair.  12:58 Mentor and Path to Education  Stan details the pivotal role of Dr. Barry Bodie, who supported him during his sentencing and continued to mentor him in prison. He explains how reading scientific articles, prompted by his father's death from diabetes, liberated his mind and ignited his passion for science, leading to his acceptance into St. Louis University despite multiple rejections.  22:33 Talent, Opportunity, and Innovation  Stan discusses his philosophy that talent is evenly distributed, but opportunity is not, using his own journey as an example. He highlights the untapped brilliance within incarcerated individuals, arguing that with resources and opportunities, their innovative problem-solving skills could benefit society greatly.  28:40 From Prison Cells to PhD: The Organization  Stan explains how his personal transformation inspired the creation of "From Prison Cells to PhD," a nonprofit scaling the mentorship and resource provision he received. He shares the organization's three core tenets: peer mentorship, community building, and connecting people to resources, detailing its significant success in helping formerly incarcerated individuals pursue higher education and careers.  34:07 Impact and Pen Pal Program Stan discusses the remarkable matriculation and GPA rates of participants in his "From Prison Cells to PhD" program. He explains how the organization reaches incarcerated individuals through partnerships with correctional facilities and its impactful pen pal program, which provides a vital connection to the outside world and instills hope, preventing recidivism.  41:35 The Drive to Succeed and Give Back  Stan highlights the unique motivation and grit of formerly incarcerated individuals, driven by a desire to prove their worth and contribute positively to society. He notes that their experiences with hardship often translate into loyalty, hard work, and a commitment to making communities better and safer.  45:29 Breaking Chains, Building Futures, and Final Thoughts  Stan discusses his new book, "Breaking Chains, Building Futures," which features diverse stories of individuals helped by his organization.  He encourages listeners to support "From Prison Cells to PhD" through their website and social media, emphasizing the continued inspiration he draws from his father's motto: "It's Never Too Late to Do Good." 

Kevin Lowe has come a long way since he was seventeen years old and lost his eyesight during a medical procedure gone wrong. In this Blue Sky conversation, Kevin describes how he's rallied from this devastating event to live a life full of resilience, purpose, and optimism.  This episode concludes with a surprise musical feature, courtesy of Kevin himself.    00:00 Kevin Lowe's Childhood & Early Life  Kevin Lowe shares insights into his childhood in East Central Florida, highlighting a carefree upbringing centered around outdoor activities with his cousin Josh. He also opens up about his parents' divorce in second grade and the significant role his grandmother played in his life.  04:46 Loss of Sight and Other Complications  Kevin recounts the discovery of a plum-sized brain tumor at 17, which, though non-cancerous, posed a life-threatening risk. He describes the traumatic surgery that led to complete blindness, loss of smell, short-term memory loss, and a permanently damaged pituitary gland.  11:02 Journey Through Grief and Despair  Kevin candidly discusses the profound sadness and despair he experienced after losing his sight, describing it as being 'trapped in hell.' He reveals his nightly prayers for his sight to return and even for the courage to end his life, ultimately finding strength in his faith and family.  15:04 Perseverance and New Beginnings  Kevin shares his journey of rebuilding his life, including his determination to graduate with his high school class despite his blindness. He discusses his internships in travel and radio, which eventually led him to start his own travel agency, Better Days Travel, and his pivotal realization from an audiobook to embrace life despite his challenges.  23:12 The Podcast: Grit, Grace, and Inspiration  Kevin talks about how the 2020 pandemic and his sister's suggestion led him to start podcasting, a medium he quickly realized he was 'designed for.' He details his podcast, Grit, Grace, & Inspiration, which focuses on sharing stories of overcoming adversity and inspiring others, encapsulated by his tagline 'turning setbacks into stages.'  31:54 Technological Advancements and Echolocation  Kevin highlights how technology, particularly the iPhone with its voiceover feature and apps like Apple's 'Be My Eyes,' has significantly improved his life. He also fascinatingly explains how he learned echolocation, a skill that allows him to perceive his surroundings through sound, giving his world shape again.  42:20 Advice and Gratitude  Kevin expresses gratitude for his seventeen years of sight, which aids his interpretation of the world, despite being a 'picky blind person' about colors. He offers heartfelt advice to those facing setbacks: 'give yourself grace' and remember that 'it's going to get easier, it's going to get better.'  45:20 Blue Sky Above - A Musical Surprise  The host discusses the inspiring technological advancements and echolocation techniques Kevin shared. As a special surprise, Kevin produced an original song, 'Blue Sky Above,' which is played to close the episode. 

Chris Anderson was inspired by the growth of TED once they expanded from being simply a conference company to adding the concept of offering their talks free to the world over the internet.   He's now calling on us all to "reclaim the internet" and use it as a force for spreading less hate and division and more kindness and generosity.  His new book, Infectious Generosity, lays out clearly the reasons why generosity is good for the world — as well as for us as individuals — then details a plan by which this movement can spread virally.  Chris's views on these subjects are aligned perfectly with the work of The Optimism institute and he shares them with great enthusiasm in this uplifting and inspiring episode of Blue Sky.    Chapters:  00:00 Welcome Chris Anderson to Blue Sky  Bill Burke welcomes Chris Anderson, head of TED, to the Blue Sky Podcast. Chris discusses his new book, "Infectious Generosity," and his mission to use the internet as a force for good, combating online division.  02:14 TED's Impact and TEDx's Success  Chris shares how TED made its videos freely available online, which surprisingly enhanced the conference rather than hurting it. He explains the success of TEDx, a free licensing model that enabled 65,000 volunteers to create events globally, generating billions of views.  06:00 The Internet's Downfall and Human Nature  Chris discusses how the internet, especially social media, went astray, preying on our 'lizard brains' and promoting outrage.   11:47 Generosity and Happiness  Chris explains the deep connection between generosity and happiness, citing a Chinese proverb that highlights helping others as a path to lifelong joy. He emphasizes that while the internet can be negative, it also offers a powerful tool for spreading positive change.  15:57 Reclaiming the Internet: Tactics  Chris discusses tactics for reclaiming the internet, focusing on making 'good stuff' go viral by evoking authentic human emotion. He uses the example of 'The Kindness Pandemic' Facebook group and highlights the need for creativity and courage to break through online negativity.  21:09 Our Role in Shaping Social Media  Chris emphasizes that users are not helpless in shaping their social media experience, stressing the importance of conscious choices in who to follow and what content to engage with.   27:47 The Uniqueness of Our Time and Generosity Strategy  Chris highlights the unique historical moment that allows for widespread generosity due to frictionless digital sharing and its reputation-building power.   33:06 Embracing Imperfect Generosity and Gratitude Chris encourages letting go of the idea of 'perfect generosity,' urging celebration of all motivations behind giving, even those with mixed intentions.   39:25 Podcast Recommendation and Host Reflections  Bill Burke recommends 'Two Lives,' a character-driven narrative podcast about overcoming darkness, which has received several awards.  42:21 Neuroplasticity, Optimism, and AI for Good  Chris discusses neuroplasticity and how our narratives shape us, emphasizing that kindness, like a muscle, grows with exercise. He introduces the Infectious Generosity Guru (TIG), an AI tool designed to help individuals brainstorm ways to spread generosity online.  49:15 A Vision for a Better Future  Chris outlines his continued work with TED, focusing on the Audacious Project to collaboratively fund large-scale change initiatives. He emphasizes that optimism is a stance—a determined effort to find and illuminate pathways to a better future, urging collective action to reclaim the internet and inspire change. 

Matt Ridley's seminal book, The Rational Optimist, has inspired many since its publication in 2010 and greatly influenced the creation of The Optimism Institute.  In this far-ranging discussion, Matt will describe an early education that he said was steeped in pessimism but how later in life he found that much of what he'd been taught was simply not true.  This led him to set on a nearly evangelical quest to spread the word that interaction and trade between people and nations, including the free exchange of ideas, will continue to set us on an inexorable path towards increasing prosperity.    Chapters:  00:00 Introducing Matt Ridley Bill Burke introduces Matt Ridley, acclaimed author of "The Rational Optimist" and other influential books. He highlights Ridley's extensive background, including his service in the House of Lords and his work on various scientific committees.  02:39 From Pessimism to Rational Optimism  Matt Ridley shares his personal journey from a pessimistic upbringing in the 1970s to becoming a 'rational optimist' based on evidence. He recounts how his research for 'The Rational Optimist' revealed that many assumed negative trends, like decreasing happiness with wealth, were actually false.  06:01 The Genesis of "The Rational Optimist"  Ridley explains his evangelical motivation for writing 'The Rational Optimist,' aiming to counter pervasive doom and gloom, especially among young people. He also sought to explore the evolutionary roots of human prosperity and growth, driven by an innate curiosity about why the world was improving.  07:28 Ideas Have Sex: Cooperation and Trade  Matt Ridley delves into his concept of "ideas having sex," explaining how human cooperation, trade, and the exchange of specialized skills drive prosperity. He posits that this fundamental human tendency to swap goods and ideas is as crucial to cultural evolution as sex is to natural evolution.  13:50 Social Media's Impact: Polarization and Progress  Ridley reflects on social media's impact on his 'ideas having sex' theory, acknowledging its initial promise for communication but also its role in political polarization.   19:29 Panglossian vs. Rational Optimism  Ridley distinguishes his rational optimism from Panglossian optimism, emphasizing that he believes the world can and should be improved, not that it's already perfect. He counters common pessimistic arguments by pointing to long-term improvements in living standards and the gradual nature of good news compared to sudden bad news.  23:56 Trust and the Pencil's Lesson Matt Ridley discusses the importance of interpersonal trust for societal prosperity, contrasting it with institutional trust. He also elaborates on the 'I, Pencil' essay, illustrating how millions of specialized individuals unknowingly collaborate to produce even a simple item like a pencil.  33:15 Gratitude, Specialization, and Daily Miracles  Ridley encourages gratitude for the vast network of people who contribute to our daily lives, using the example of a simple meal.   36:50 Climate Change: A Problem to Be Solved Matt Ridley shares his nuanced perspective on climate change, acknowledging it as a real threat but cautioning against panic and exaggeration. He suggests viewing it as a problem solvable through human ingenuity, while also highlighting the overlooked environmental benefits of CO2 and the harm caused by some climate prevention measures.  42:51 The Future of Innovation: Worries and Hopes  Ridley discusses the limitless nature of knowledge and innovation, emphasizing communication over population size for progress.  

Amy King watched the devastating aftermath of Hurricane Katrina and seeing people sheltered in a leaking football stadium inspired her to work with her husband on shelter solutions.  The result was Pallet, a company that makes safe, secure, and easily assembled temporary shelters.  In this episode she shares her inspiring story and details about her remarkable company.    Chapters: 00:00 Introduction to Amy King and Pallet  This chapter introduces Amy King, founder and CEO of Pallet, a public benefit corporation addressing homelessness.  02:07 From Child Psychology to Social Enterprise  Amy King shares her journey from studying child psychology, where she observed the impact of troubled homes, to founding Pallet. Her interest in people and the influence of early experiences shaped her path toward addressing societal challenges like homelessness.  04:37 The Genesis of Pallet: From Katrina to Construction  Amy discusses how her husband's construction company accidentally led them to employ individuals from the justice system, many of whom had experienced homelessness.   07:19 Public Benefit Corporation Model  Amy explains why Pallet operates as a public benefit corporation rather than a nonprofit, emphasizing its dual mission of workforce development and providing shelter.   11:13 Pallet Shelters and Deployment Strategy  Amy describes the innovative design of Pallet shelters—lightweight, panelized, and quick to assemble, with features like heat, AC, and easy cleaning. She details Pallet's partnership with cities and Zillow to identify and utilize vacant public land for shelter villages, which are temporary and designed for easy relocation.  15:35 The Transformative Impact of Pallet Shelters  Amy elaborates on how Pallet shelters provide more than just a roof, offering a managed care environment with wraparound services for mental health, substance use, and housing placement. This stability allows individuals to engage with services and break the cycle of homelessness, as exemplified by a tenant named Matthew.  20:29 Hope for Ending Homelessness & Political Challenges  Amy discusses Pallet's broad reach across the US and Canada and her controversial but hopeful view on ending homelessness. She addresses the political complexities and the need for sufficient services and innovation to address root causes, moving towards 'functional zero' homelessness.  25:57 Disaster Relief and Versatile Solutions  Amy highlights Pallet's role in disaster relief, noting the political challenges of working with organizations like FEMA and the need for non-congregate shelter solutions. She explains the versatility of Pallet's product, which can be repurposed for both disaster response and homelessness, providing flexibility for communities.  31:10 Economic Viability and Community Recovery  Amy discusses the economic benefits of using Pallet shelters for disaster relief, contrasting them with expensive hotel stays and emphasizing the importance of keeping residents near their communities for recovery. This approach helps maintain local economic bases and encourages volunteer participation by providing convenient housing for relief workers.  34:19 Transformative Impact on Individuals and Families  Amy shares her favorite part of the work: witnessing the profound transformation of individuals who gain employment and stability through Pallet. She emphasizes how this not only changes the lives of the employees, many of whom were formerly incarcerated or homeless, but also reunites and positively impacts their families, especially their children.  38:46 Getting Involved with Pallet  Amy encourages listeners to get involved with Pallet by reaching out through their website or email to support their mission. She emphasizes the value of local constituent engagement in driving political conversations and understanding community stakeholders to expand their impact. 

Mimi Nicklin left a successful career as a marketing executive to take on the task of educating the world on the value and power of empathy.  In this episode, Mimi describes the alarming "empathy deficit," its root causes, and practical strategies like self-empathy and "ALUR" (Authenticity, Listening, Understanding, Recognition) that she espouses to reconnect our workplaces and world.    Chapters: 00:00 Mimi Nicklin's Global Journey  Mimi Nicklin, a British native, has spent nearly two decades living and working across Asia Pacific and the Middle East, finding her passion and purpose in this part of the world. Her extensive international travel and diverse cultural experiences have significantly shaped her perspective on human connection and understanding, laying the groundwork for her specialization in empathy.  04:19 The Empathy Lightbulb Moment  Mimi's journey into empathy began when a business coach questioned if her leadership style was intuition or empathy, sparking a personal revelation. This led her to discover the 'empathy deficit,' a significant societal issue that no one seemed to be addressing in 2019, prompting her to dedicate her work to this crucial topic.  08:56 Causes of Empathy Deficit  Empathy has declined by 48% in the last 30 years, a critical issue for human survival, not just thriving. Mimi identifies urbanization, digitization, and overwhelming stress and anxiety as the primary root causes of this global empathy deficit, which impacts our ability to access empathetic parts of the brain.  12:32 Connectivity Paradox and Fear  Despite increased physical proximity in cities and the promise of social media, people feel more disconnected and lonely than ever, a paradox Mimi attributes to a fundamental lack of understanding. This disconnection is largely driven by subconscious fear, exacerbated by the constant influx of overwhelming information from 24/7 news, leading people to retreat into their 'tribes' for safety.  17:13 The Power of Self-Empathy  Mimi introduces 'self-empathy' as a crucial, yet untrending, skill for understanding oneself and managing overwhelming external information. She shares a personal example of choosing not to watch the news to protect her mental well-being, emphasizing that this ability to understand personal limits is vital in a world largely beyond individual control.  22:10 Balancing Humanism and Capitalism  Mimi argues that balancing humanism and capitalism is not difficult but underutilized, emphasizing that growth and profit can and should go hand-in-hand with human well-being. She highlights that organizations with engaged and empathetic cultures achieve higher profits, engagement, and innovation, underscoring that humanism is a driver of business success, not an impediment.  25:37 The Art of Listening-Led Leadership  Mimi stresses the critical importance of active, intentional listening in leadership, noting that many leaders are unaware of their own listening deficiencies. True listening, she explains, involves decoding information to understand, rather than merely hearing or preparing a reply, and is fundamental for empathy, innovation, and collaboration within teams.  32:06 Patience, Presence, and Pace  Mimi highlights patience and presence as essential pillars for authentic listening and achieving long-term goals, contrasting them with the modern rush for instant gratification.   34:48 ALUR: Authenticity, Listening, Understanding, Recognition  Mimi introduces her ALUR framework for leadership: Authenticity, Listening, Understanding, and Recognition, emphasizing that authenticity, rooted in patience and presence, is paramount for genuine connection. \  41:39 The Empathy Empire's Impact  Mimi emphasizes the significant financial and human costs of not listening and disengagement, noting that many employees resign due to poor relationships with their bosses. She describes her 'Empathy Empire' through keynote speaking, writing books like 'The Connection Prescription,' masterclasses, and media work, all aimed at fostering global empathy and balancing humanism with technology. 

Paul Leonardi is an expert in technology management and has developed a deep understanding for why today's digital tools—even those that are helpful—can contribute to our growing sense of exhaustion.  Pulling from research he's written about in his book Digital Exhaustion, he explains why this happens and as importantly, what we can do about it.    Chapters: 02:00 Why Digital Exhaustion?  Paul Leonardi discusses his 20-year career helping companies implement new technologies and his observation of the increasing dread people feel towards new tools. He highlights how the solutions to digital overload are not working, leading to widespread exhaustion.  04:36 The Types of Digital Switching  Paul explains three kinds of digital switching: between modalities (apps), domains of work, and arenas (work/home). He emphasizes that these switches, though seemingly innocuous, cause significant cognitive strain and mental exhaustion due to the brain's reorientation time.  07:20 Cumulative Exhaustion and Control  Paul explains that digital exhaustion is a cumulative problem, building slowly over time from seemingly small attention switches.   11:29 Expectations and Response Patterns Paul discusses how people tend to overestimate the urgency of messages and fall into a 'hero symptom' of quick responses, leading to a vicious cycle. He explains how this creates an exhausting game of chase, where individuals try to outdo each other in fast replies.  14:35 Strategies for Managing Expectations  Paul suggests asking for clarity on urgency and adopting a philosophy of 'waiting' (one hour, one day, one week) to reset response patterns. He also highlights the effectiveness of out-of-office messages and direct communication in setting realistic expectations and reducing perceived urgency.  20:59 Measuring Digital Exhaustion  Paul describes his 'Digital Exhaustion' rating, inspired by the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which measures how much digital tools wear people out. He reveals a precipitous rise in digital exhaustion rates from 2002 to 2022, with major spikes in 2010 (smartphones/social media) and 2021 (pandemic).  26:10 Unforced Errors and Self-Views Paul discusses 'unforced errors' like sleeping with phones in bed and constantly viewing oneself during video calls, which contribute to exhaustion. He explains how the 'self-view' on video platforms is a metaphor for the constant self-curation and inference-making we do across all online platforms, leading to mental fatigue.  31:08 The Exhaustion of Upward Comparison  Paul references a 1950s Stanford study on upward comparison and how social media amplifies this, leading to exhaustion from comparing oneself to others' curated ideal lives. He discusses how AI will further exacerbate this issue by creating unrealistic avatars for comparison.  36:07 Antidotes and Small Wins Paul suggests taking online content at face value without extrapolating deeper meanings to combat upward comparison and the stories we create.   42:45 Resonance and Pushback Paul shares that the most pleasing feedback on his book is the distinction between a sustainable approach to digital exhaustion versus unsustainable digital detoxes. The main pushback he receives is about the 'waiting' strategy, with people fearing it will make them seem impolite or ghosting. 

Guy Kawasaki has had an amazing life and career.  After growing up in Hawaii, he went to California for college and later went on to what was then known as Apple Computer where he was a self-described "brand evangelist" during some of their highest growth and most entrepreneurial years.  He describes Steve Jobs as being optimistic almost to the point of being delusional, and working for him has inspired Guy to be interested in mold-breaking people ever since, hence the name of his popular podcast, Remarkable People. He has also written 17 books on a variety of subjects, his latest being Wiser Guy, which was released earlier this year.    Chapters: 00:00 Welcome to Blue Sky  Bill Burke introduces Guy Kawasaki as a remarkable guest on Blue Sky, highlighting Guy's background as chief evangelist at Apple and Canva, and his extensive writing. Guy shares his preference for being a podcast guest due to less prep work, contrasting with the host's five-hour preparation time.  03:10 From Hawaii to Stanford  Guy recounts his childhood in Kalihi Valley, a lower-middle-income part of Hawaii, and how a public school teacher's advice led him to a private school, then Stanford. He describes feeling immediately at home at Stanford in 1972, despite it being pre-tech, and the campus's amazing atmosphere.  06:17 Apple, Steve Jobs & the 1984 Ad  Guy discusses his two stints at Apple, particularly his time in the Macintosh division under Steve Jobs from 1983 to 1987. He reveals the Macintosh team's mission to preserve democracy and freedom through computing and shares the behind-the-scenes story of the iconic 1984 Super Bowl ad, which the board initially wanted to pull.  11:49 Evangelizing Apple & Sales Skills  Guy details how Apple evangelized its new operating system in the 1980s through fervor rather than just money, contrasting with the corporate image of IBM. He also shares his 'checkered past' of dropping out of medical, dental, and law school, leading him to an MBA and invaluable sales experience in the jewelry business, which he considers essential.  17:02 Steve Jobs: Visionary & Demanding  Guy describes working for Steve Jobs as the most formative experience of his career, calling Jobs a visionary and passionate, albeit demanding and intimidating, leader. He emphasizes that Jobs was a 'mission-driven egoist' who cared only about making the best computer, disregarding personal biases like race or gender.  23:01 Remarkable People Podcast Origins  Guy explains his decision to start the 'Remarkable People' podcast, initially inspired by the lucrative ad model of another podcaster, and his realization that his access to remarkable individuals and business experience uniquely positioned him. He highlights the strategic advantage of having prominent guests like Jane Goodall to attract others.  30:08 Jane Goodall: A Source of Hope  Guy recounts his personal connection to Jane Goodall, stemming from a TEDx interview, and how she became his first podcast guest. He describes her as the most remarkable person he's interviewed, embodying hope and tireless dedication to her cause, even declining a rest offer at 90 due to 'too much to do.'  36:30 Optimism as a Strategic Advantage  Guy discusses optimism as a strategic advantage, asserting that it's crucial for achieving anything significant, combining realism with the belief that challenges can be overcome. He shares his experiences of taking up ice hockey at 44 and surfing at 60, attributing it to a 'growth mindset' and the belief that one is never too old to learn new things. 

We all know that huge sums of money are invested in creating new, more effective weapons of war.  Brian Abrams sees an opportunity to invest instead in what he calls "peace tech," emerging businesses using technologies and creative methods designed to prevent war from happening in the first place. He's created a new firm, B Ventures, and in this Blue Sky episode he describes with infectious optimism his exciting vision for the future.    Chapters: 00:00 Introduction to Brian Abrams  Bill Burke introduces Brian Abrams, founder of B Ventures Group, an investment fund focused on global peacebuilding and conflict resolution through "peace tech." Brian's extensive background in managing over $1 billion in assets and his human-centric investment philosophy are highlighted.  02:09 From Founder to Venture Capitalist  Brian shares his career journey, starting as an entrepreneur in India where he experienced failure, which led him to realize his strength in spotting opportunities rather than operationalizing them. He then transitioned to venture capital in Israel, building a fund from $2 million to over $1.2 billion, emphasizing the role of luck and a pivotal moment in fostering peace initiatives.  08:28 The Genesis of Peace Tech  Brian reflects on his past experiences, including a startup's condition to include Palestinian teammates during an acquisition, which planted the seed for his current work. He explains his philosophy of using money to serve people and approaching problems from a bottom-up perspective, leading him to focus on peace tech as an alternative to military tech.  10:17 The Rationale for Peace Tech  Drawing inspiration from Thich Nhat Hanh's philosophy of 'interbeing,' Brian articulates why war is illogical and a form of collective self-harm. He emphasizes the enormous economic cost of violent conflict, totaling $19 trillion annually, and how venture capital's bottom-up, experimental approach can offer innovative solutions for peacebuilding.  15:28 AI in Crisis Simulation  Brian describes an investment in a startup founded by a Harvard researcher who developed an AI-powered crisis simulation platform. This technology aims to anticipate and prevent future conflicts, like potential World War III over Taiwan, by running thousands of scenarios daily, far exceeding traditional war games.  21:32 Business Model for Peace Tech  Brian explains the twofold business model for peace tech startups: selling to friendly governments and to companies for competitive landscape analysis. He emphasizes that a for-profit model ensures scalability and continuous funding, unlike grants, allowing for exponential growth and a virtuous cycle to prevent major conflicts.  29:23 Peace Tech: Agile and Ethical  Brian highlights the agility of venture-backed peace tech companies compared to traditional government or academic initiatives, citing an example of a startup rapidly forming after the dismantling of the US Institute of Peace. He defines peace tech as anything that preempts, mitigates, or resolves violent conflict, adhering to a 'first do no harm' principle.  34:26 Peace Tech Investments and Ecosystem  Brian discusses additional investments, including a company creating digital twins of societies to understand and model civil conflicts like those between Armenia and Azerbaijan. He describes the growing Peace Tech ecosystem, drawing parallels to the private space industry's exponential growth, and aims to build a global community of founders and investors.  41:12 Conclusion and Call to Action  Bill Burke reflects on how technology's ability to show the grim reality of war might increase the fervent desire for peace. Brian encourages listeners to connect via LinkedIn and join the Peace Tech community, expressing his strong optimism for the future impact of this movement.   

Blue Sky host Bill Burke first met Scott Nash nearly 30 years ago, when both were working in the cable television business.  In the years since, Scott has gone on to a successful career in publishing, both as an illustrator and an author, and with his wife Nancy co-founded Illustration Institute on a small island in Maine.  In this episode, Scott describes his outgoing, experimental, and optimistic nature and how these traits have led to his remarkable success in publishing, art direction, and non-profit entrepreneurship.     Chapters:   00:00 Introduction & Early Childhood  Scott shares that he moved nine times before second grade, which taught him to make new friends and thrive on connection, fueling his optimism and artistic development.  03:47 Education and Early Career  Scott Nash discusses his education at the Swain School of Design and Cranbrook, an experimental school that shaped his playful approach to design.   09:05 Early Days of Cable TV  Scott highlights how their 'handmade' approach to branding for networks like Nickelodeon, which included assigning the color orange and constantly changing logos, stood out in an industry that traditional executives weren't taking seriously.  14:20 The Flat Stanley Phenomenon  Scott Nash discusses his work illustrating Flat Stanley, a book that became a widespread educational phenomenon due to teachers encouraging kids to create and mail their own Flat Stanley figures.   19:16 Illustrating vs. Writing Own Books  Scott Nash reflects on the differences and joys of illustrating books for other authors, like Flat Stanley, versus writing and illustrating his own works, such as The High Skies Adventures of Blue Jay the Pirate.   23:05 Defining Illustration & Illustration Institute's Founding  Scott Nash defines illustration as 'visual art that enhances a specific narrative,' encompassing comics, graphic novels, and even narrative pottery. He explains how his passion for academia and 'rogue schools' led him to establish the illustration department at Maine College of Art and, later, co-found the Illustration Institute.  31:19 Highlighting Illustrators & Their Impact  Scott Nash shares his love for classic children's book illustrators like Garth Williams, known for Stuart Little and Homer Price, and Robert McCloskey, famous for Make Way for Ducklings. He recounts the emotional and intellectual impact of Illustration Institute's exhibitions, which showcase original works and highlight the often-uncredited illustrators behind beloved stories.  34:27 AI's Impact on Creativity and Authenticity  Scott Nash discusses the cyclical nature of creative trends, noting a shift from highly creative, handmade works in the early days of cable to a more corporate, homogenized phase. He expresses critical optimism about AI, hoping it will spur a countertrend towards more authentic, handmade creations.  39:59 Ethical Concerns and Public Voice in AI  Scott Nash expresses concern about the business-driven rush to implement AI without a clear ethical framework, fearing it could lead to low-quality content and potential harm if not properly regulated.   42:45 Future of Illustration Institute & Closing  Scott Nash details the Illustration Institute's future plans, including developing traveling exhibitions for libraries across the country, such as 'The Great State of Illustration in Maine' and the ambitious 'Illustrious Saurus,' which explores dinosaur depictions from paleontology to fantasy. He emphasizes the institute's mission to highlight illustration's critical rigor and broad appeal, connecting Maine's artistic reach with global themes and sharing his childlike enthusiasm for storytelling.