Extension Out Loud

There's a fruit native to New York that many have never tasted, yet it holds a lot of promise for market growth. In this episode of 'Extension Out Loud,' host Paul Treadwell sits down with Anya Stansell, Cornell Cooperative Extension's (CCE) western New York small fruits extension specialist, to explore the pawpaw: a tree fruit with an unusual flavor and a history much older and more layered than most people realize. Stansell says pawpaws don't taste quite like anything else grown in our region. "They have absolutely no acid, and they're super sweet," she says, describing a flavor profile that's often compared to a cross between mango and banana. The flesh can range from white to yellow, with subtle differences in bitterness and aroma depending on genetics, growing conditions, and sun exposure. That distinctiveness extends beyond flavor. Pawpaw trees produce broad, dramatic leaves that turn a buttery yellow in autumn, and they serve as a host plant for zebra swallowtail caterpillars, making them valuable not just for eating, but for supporting local ecosystems. Perhaps most striking is the history behind why pawpaws grow in New York at all. Many of the pawpaw groves found today trace back to Indigenous peoples, who carried pawpaw seeds along trade routes and cultivated them deliberately. If pawpaws are so remarkable, why haven't most of us tried one? The answer lies in the fruit's fragility. "They're kind of like peaches," Stansell explains, "in that they're very delicate when they're ripe." Unlike peaches, though, eating unripe pawpaws can cause real illness, meaning they must be sold at exactly the right moment of ripeness, a narrow window that makes large-scale distribution nearly impossible. More than just a culinary curiosity, the pawpaw offers a window into New York's ecological history, Indigenous knowledge, and the limits of industrial food systems. It's a fruit that asks for patience and rewards those willing to seek it out.

Planning to spend time on the water this summer? Before you launch, tune in to this episode of 'Extension Out Loud' featuring Megan Cochran, Great Lakes Outreach Coordinator with New York Sea Grant. In this episode, we discuss key steps to take before you head out, including completing a boating safety course (required in New York for all motorized vessel operators starting January 2025), wearing a life jacket, monitoring the weather and filing a float plan. The conversation also explores one of the leading factors in fatal boating accidents—alcohol use—and offers guidance on choosing and wearing today's more comfortable life jackets, including inflatable options. For kayakers, canoeists, and paddleboarders, Cochran highlights added safety considerations such as visibility, carrying a whistle as a sound-signaling device and using navigation lights in low-light conditions. Links: NY Sea Grant Safe Boating NYS Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation boating safety  US Coast Guard Boating Safety 

As seed catalogs arrive and garden planning season begins, tomato enthusiasts face an exciting, and potentially overwhelming array of choices. In this episode of 'Extension Out Loud,' Greg Vogel, Assistant Professor at Cornell's School of Integrative Plant Science, guides listeners through the complex world of tomato variety selection, drawing from his cutting-edge research and extensive field experience. During this episode Vogel discusses: ·      the differences between determinate and indeterminate tomato varieties, ·      how local climate affects variety performance, and proper pruning techniques for maximum yield, ·      breeding methods comparing traditional backyard techniques with modern laboratory approaches. Whether you're a novice gardener overwhelmed by catalog choices or an experienced grower seeking to optimize your tomato selection, this episode provides the scientific foundation and practical wisdom needed to make informed decisions for a successful growing season. Listen now to transform your tomato growing experience with insights from one of Cornell's leading vegetable breeding researchers. For more resources to help you select varieties for your garden visit the Cornell Garden Based Learning web site.  For questions related to planning, and growing your garden, contact your local Cornell Cooperative Extension office.

In this episode of Extension Out Loud, Cornell Cooperative Extension specialist Crystal Stewart Courtens shares her journey from Extension newcomer to regional garlic specialist. Crystal discusses her farmer-centered approach to agricultural science, the challenges of researching a crop that rarely produces viable seeds, and how mentors taught her that excellent Extension work requires both scientific rigor and authentic human connection.