Behind the Wings

National Museum of WWII Aviation Curator Gene Pfeffer discusses why winning the air war was pivotal to D-Day's success.In this episode, we’ll dive into the planning and execution of air operations, the aircraft that supported the massive assault, the continued aerial support for troops after Operation Overlord, and its lasting legacy and impact on aviation. June 6, 2024, marked the 80th anniversary of D-Day and gave us the opportunity to learn more about one of the most important battles of WWII. This one is going to be cool!Key Takeaways:Gene takes us through the evolution of aircraft spurred by World War II, from biplanes to jets.Although America hadn't yet entered the war, planning for D-Day began in 1940, outlining what exactly would be required for the invasion.In 1943, it was decided that the Allies could not win the invasion without air superiority. Leading up to D-Day, the Allies focused heavily on eliminating the German Air Force as a factor, and on June 6, the German Air Force had 300 sorties while the Allies had 13,000.The day before Operation Overlord, the Allies painted invasion stripes on their airplanes under the cover of darkness. Due to the massive amount of aircraft, the paint scheme helped mitigate friendly fire.Multiple kinds of aircraft participated in the invasion and each had specific roles. To name a few, the C-47s towed gliders or dropped paratroopers, B-17s, 24s, and 26s dropped bombs, P-47s acted as flying artillery, and P-38s flew cover over the ships.After D-Day, the Allies used their air power to aid troops with strategic bombings like Operation Cobra, targeting German oil and V-2 centers, and providing medical aid.Gene encourages anyone interested in aerospace to visit your local museum and get involved.Resources:The National Museum of WWII Aviation Website Operation Overlord: D-Day (National Museum of the U.S. Air Force) Operation Overlord (Wikipedia) Air War During Operation Overlord (Wikipedia) 

Miss America 2024, Madison Marsh, discusses the crossroads of pageantry and the military.In this episode, Madi takes us through her groundbreaking journey as the first active-duty officer to earn the Miss America title. She shares insights into her pilot training, attending the United States Air Force Academy, cancer research, starting a non-profit, and how a military background has influenced her career. This one is going to be cool!Key Takeaways:Madi has always been fascinated by science and found her love of aerospace while attending space camp at 13 years old.Madi earned her pilot's license at 17, the youngest possible age.While attending the United States Air Force Academy, Madi studied astrophysics and interned at NASA and Harvard.At the Academy, Madi started her pageantry journey, winning Miss Academy and Miss Colorado.In January of 2024, Madi competed in and won Miss America, becoming the first active military officer to earn the title.Madi started the Whitney Marsh Foundation after losing her Mom to pancreatic cancer. This organization helps provide education and funding for pancreatic cancer research.Madi encourages listeners to learn from their failures and to use those lessons to succeed further.Resources:Miss America Website One Lieutenant’s Journey from USAFA to Miss Colorado to Harvard (United States Air Force) Madison Marsh: Beauty Queen, Hard-Core Air Force Officer (Forbes) Whitney Marsh Foundation 

How the world's largest aircraft, Stratolaunch Roc, is paving the way for repeatable hypersonic testing.Welcome to the final part of our bonus podcast miniseries on the making of Behind the Wings PBS Season 6! In this episode, Director Cray Novick and Host Tracy LaTourrette discuss behind-the-scenes stories while filming with Stratolaunch at the Mojave Air and Space Port. Join us as we talk about the history of hypersonics, building the Stratolaunch Roc, the Talon-A test vehicle, the Hadley rocket engine, and flying this twin-fuselage aircraft. This one is going to be cool!Check out the new season on PBS or at our YouTube channel. We can't wait to show you what we've been working on!Our regularly scheduled podcast series will return on 12/2/24 with an interview with Madison Marsh, the first active-duty Air Force Officer to be crowned Ms. America. Thanks for joining us!Full Season Premiere Schedule:PBSEpisode 1 - AI in Military Aviation: November 7, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 2 - Collaborative Combat Aircraft: November 7, 2024, 8:00 p.m. MTEpisode 3 - The Super Guppy: November 14, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 4 - Hypersonic Flight Testing: November 14, 2024, 8:00 p.m. MT Wings' YouTube ChannelEpisode 1 - AI in Military Aviation: November 7, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 2 - Collaborative Combat Aircraft: November 14, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 3 - The Super Guppy: November 21, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 4 - Hypersonic Flight Testing: November 28, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTyou

How a seemingly impossible idea helped America win the space race.Welcome to part 3 of our 4-part bonus podcast miniseries on the making of Behind the Wings PBS Season 6! In this episode, Director Cray Novick and Host Tracy LaTourrette discuss behind-the-scenes stories while filming the legendary Super Guppy in El Paso, Texas. Join us as we talk about the space race, building the Super Guppy, the similarities this aircraft has with Frankenstein, and watching the odd airplane fly. This one is going to be cool!Check out the new season on PBS or at our YouTube channel. We can't wait to show you what we've been working on!Full Season Premiere Schedule:PBSEpisode 1 - AI in Military Aviation: November 7, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 2 - Collaborative Combat Aircraft: November 7, 2024, 8:00 p.m. MTEpisode 3 - The Super Guppy: November 14, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 4 - Hypersonic Flight Testing: November 14, 2024, 8:00 p.m. MT Wings' YouTube ChannelEpisode 1 - AI in Military Aviation: November 7, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 2 - Collaborative Combat Aircraft: November 14, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 3 - The Super Guppy: November 21, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 4 - Hypersonic Flight Testing: November 28, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MT

The ethics of deploying AI in Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA), are weighed against the risks of falling behind technologically. Welcome to part 2 of our 4-part bonus podcast miniseries on the making of Behind the Wings PBS Season 6! In this episode, Director Cray Novick and Host Tracy LaTourrette continue their conversation about AI in the military, with a specific focus on AI-piloted aircraft. Join us as we talk about building CCAs, how they could change the air battlefield, the ethics of AI in warfare, and flying alongside "the most loyal wingman". This one is going to be cool!Check out the new season on PBS or at our YouTube channel beginning November 7. We can't wait to show you what we've been working on!Full Season Premiere Schedule:PBSEpisode 1 - AI in Military Aviation: November 7, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 2 - Collaborative Combat Aircraft: November 7, 2024, 8:00 p.m. MTEpisode 3 - The Super Guppy: November 14, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 4 - Hypersonic Flight Testing: November 14, 2024, 8:00 p.m. MT Wings' YouTube ChannelEpisode 1 - AI in Military Aviation: November 7, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 2 - Collaborative Combat Aircraft: November 14, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 3 - The Super Guppy: November 21, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 4 - Hypersonic Flight Testing: November 28, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MT

How testing and simulations advance AI pilot agents from the lab to the field.Welcome to part 1 of our 4-part bonus podcast miniseries on the making of Behind the Wings PBS Season 6! In this episode, Director Cray Novick and Host Tracy LaTourrette discuss behind-the-scenes stories while filming around the U.S. to learn more about AI in military aviation. Join us as we discuss the history of AI, the AI arms race, flying simulators, and being at the crossroads of ethics and speed. This one is going to be cool!Check out the new season on PBS or at our YouTube channel beginning November 7. We can't wait to show you what we've been working on!Full Season Premiere Schedule:PBSEpisode 1 - AI in Military Aviation: November 7, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 2 - Collaborative Combat Aircraft: November 7, 2024, 8:00 p.m. MTEpisode 3 - The Super Guppy: November 14, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 4 - Hypersonic Flight Testing: November 14, 2024, 8:00 p.m. MT Wings' YouTube ChannelEpisode 1 - AI in Military Aviation: November 7, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 2 - Collaborative Combat Aircraft: November 14, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 3 - The Super Guppy: November 21, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MTEpisode 4 - Hypersonic Flight Testing: November 28, 2024, 7:30 p.m. MT

We are excited to announce our special four-part miniseries featuring stories from the making of our newest Behind the Wings PBS season! Director Cray Novick and Host Tracy LaTourrette discuss AI in Military Aviation, Collaborative Combat Aircraft, The Super Guppy, and Hypersonic Flight Testing. Join us to hear inside tales you won't find anywhere else. This is going to be cool!New episodes come out every Thursday, starting October 31. Also, check out the new season on PBS or at our YouTube channel beginning November 7. We can't wait to show you what we've been working on!Our regular podcast episodes will take a mid-season break while these air and return on November 25.

EA-6B Pilot Matthew Maher and Electronic Countermeasures Officer Ethan Williams dive deep into the world of electronic warfare with a spotlight on the legendary EA-6B Prowler.In this episode, our guests take us back into the cockpit, explore the complex jamming systems that helped protect air and ground crews, landing on a pitching aircraft carrier, and multi-aircraft missions. We also answer several audience questions about the Prowler. After all, we do this all for you! This one is going to be cool!Key Takeaways:Our guests were inspired to join the Navy at a young age. Matthew grew up watching airshows and Space Shuttle launches and Ethan came from an Air Force family but decided to attend the Naval Academy.Landing on an aircraft carrier is tough, especially in the Prowler. Matthew discusses the challenges of both day and night traps.The Prowler was one of the loudest airplanes on the deck, requiring dual ear protection.Maintainers worked day and night on the Prowlers, even replacing entire engines so the EA-6B could fly missions the next day.Ethan discusses the process it took to detonate IEDs in the Middle East remotely and how the Prowler's role changed over time.Matthew and Ethan tell us about the differences between the Prowler and the Growler and why the Growler is ultimately a better aircraft.Matthew has flown more than 22 aircraft during his career, and even flew the exact Prowler displayed in our museum!Resources:Behind the Wings EA-6B Video with Ethan WilliamsNational Naval Aviation MuseumProwler WikiGrowler Wiki

STScI Education and Outreach Scientist Dr. Chris Britt discusses time traveling to the origins of the universe with The James Webb Space Telescope.In this episode, Chris tells us about processing JWST's data into breathtaking images, groundbreaking discoveries, how stars are formed, black holes, and the telescope's future. This one is going to be cool!This episode will follow up on our previous conversation about building the JWST, so if you missed that, check out episode 14!Key Takeaways:Chris was first inspired to go into aerospace after seeing photos from the Hubble Space Telescope. Now, years later, he is a part of the team operating the Hubble!The Space Telescope Science Institute helps operate the Hubble, James Webb, and eventually the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope.STScI uses colors and filters in order to identify specific parts of JWST's photos like elements, matter, heat, and more.JWST will be able to see back 13.5 billion years, possibly unlocking the secrets of the universe's origins.Webb is researching our galaxy and planets as well as black holes, exoplanets, stars, etc.JWST will not be able to confirm if there is life on other planets, but it will tell us if a planet has the materials to support life.Webb will continue to work with the Hubble and someday the Roman Space Telescope, photographing the universe for years to come.Resources:Space Telescope Science Institute Website James Webb Space Telescope Website Webb Telescope Latest News (NASA) 

Science communicator and influencer The Space Gal, a.k.a. Emily Calandrelli, discusses using art as a tool to encourage STEAM literacy.In this episode, Emily tells us about her aerospace journey, exploding foam and making science fun as a host on educational programs, the opportunity to go to space, and how she uses children’s books and social media to inspire and educate future aerospace generations. This one is going to be cool!Key Takeaways:Emily's space journey began when she attended college to become an engineer. She pursued engineering out of necessity but quickly learned she actually loved it.After college, Emily got the opportunity to host Fox's Xploration Outer Space. This job jumpstarted her science communication career.Emily has appeared on many science TV shows, including Bill Nye Saves the World. She also had her own Netflix show, Emily's Wonder Lab.During the pandemic, Emily took to social media to continue her mission of promoting STEAM literacy and inspiring future aerospace generations.In 2010, Emily got the opportunity to fly onboard the "Vomit Comet." This parabolic flight flies along the line of a parabola up to a maximum of 31 times in a row. This creates weightlessness on board for up to 22 seconds each time, as if in space.Emily is excited to be a future Blue Origin passenger to space. She will be one of the first 100 women to reach sub-orbit.Emily has written several books, with the most popular one appearing on the New York Times Best Sellers list. Stay Curious and Keep Exploring: Next Level has 50 science experiments for little scientists of all ages. Resources:The Space Gal Website Emily Calandrelli Wiki Emily's Ted Talk 

Former NASA astronaut Tom Jones discusses installing the first laboratory module on the International Space Station. Welcome to Season 5 of the Behind the Wings podcast! In this episode, hear stories about flying the B-52, working as a NASA mission specialist on four Space Shuttle missions, life in space, and what it's like to go on a spacewalk. This one is going to be cool!Key Takeaways:Tom's love of aerospace started when he took a field trip to see two Titan space rockets. Since that moment, he knew he wanted to be an astronaut.Tom enrolled in the Air Force Academy and attended pilot training. There he was assigned as a pilot and commander for the B-52 Stratofortress.After earning his PhD and applying for the NASA astronaut program three times, he was finally accepted in 1990.As a mission specialist, Tom flew on four Space Shuttle missions, STS-59, 68, 80, and 98. He helped with several experiments and controlled the robotic arm.On STS-98, Tom embarked on three EVAs, or spacewalks, to install the Destiny module onto the ISS. This was the first ISS laboratory, enabling the USA to conduct in-depth experiments.Tom's newest book, Space Shuttle Stories, catalogs every Space Shuttle mission with stories from astronauts who flew on said missions.Tom tells listeners that life doesn't always make it easy to achieve your goals, but there are several paths to making it possible.Resources:Tom Jones' Wiki Page Tom Jones' NASA Bio Destiny Module Tom Jones' Website 

Season 5 of the Behind the Wings Podcast is back this September with 10 new episodes! Hear from astronaut Tom Jones, adventures from flying and operating the EA-6B Prowler, and from TV host and author Emily Calandrelli a.k.a. The Space Gal. We've got some incredible stories and guests coming up!New episodes come out every other Monday, starting September 9. Subscribe wherever you listen, because we've got a lot to explore! Trust us, you don't want to miss it.In the meantime, check out our past episodes!  Learn more at WingsMuseum.org/podcast

Former F-18 and Blue Angels pilot, Scott Kartvedt, takes us behind the scenes of flying in Top Gun: Maverick.In this episode hear behind-the-scenes stories of how some of the most realistic flying scenes are made. Scott tells us about his time in the Navy, flying as a Blue Angel and on the Patriots Jet team, and "dogfighting" with a helicopter while filming. This one is going to be cool!Episode 40 marks the end of Season 4 of the Behind the Wings Podcast. We'll be taking a short break and will be back later this year for Season 5.Key Takeaways:Scott's love of aviation started when he saw Blue Angels flying over his family's campsite. The original Top Gun also fueled his ambition to join the Navy.Scott started school as an accountant but later followed his dream of becoming a fighter pilot.In the Navy, Scott flew the F-18 as a fighter pilot and for the Blue Angels.All flying scenes in Maverick were performed and filmed in real time.Scott and his wingman Randy Howell flew as stunt pilots in L-39 jets for the final scene in Maverick. They were later edited over to match the fighters in the movie.While filming, Scott would often fly straight at the helicopter and pull away at the last second.Scott leaves us with encouraging advice to ask the question. If you don't ask, the answer is always no.Resources:Scott Kartvedt's Website 

In 1996, astronaut Tom Henricks became the first Space Shuttle pilot/commander to log 1,000 hours in space. Tom tells us about his time as an F-4 pilot and F-16 test pilot, astronaut training, flying four Space Shuttle missions including two as a commander, and the challenges of flying at Mach 25. This one is going to be cool!Key Takeaways:Tom's love of aviation started when he bought an airplane ride near his family's farm.Tom graduated number one in his weapons and test pilot school. After applying four times, Tom was selected to be a NASA astronaut in 1985.Tom flew to space four times on missions STS-44, 55, 70, and 78. They ran experiments, deployed satellites, and did some early testing that later would help build the International Space Station.The Space Shuttle reenters the atmosphere at Mach 25, making it very complicated to land successfully. Tom landed the Shuttle on his last two missions.At the time, STS-78 was the longest space mission to date at 405 hours. Later that same year, STS-80 broke its record by 19 hours.Tom is excited about the future of Artemis and hopes someday he may even step on the Moon.Resources:Tom Henricks NASA Bio Tom Henricks Wiki Page 

From aggressor training to the F-15, the United States military addressed several shortcomings after the Vietnam War.Today, we are excited to speak with a retired F-4 and F-15 fighter pilot, Colonel Dick Anderegg. In this episode, Dick tells us about his time in Vietnam, the mistakes the US air military made during the war, the lessons learned along the way, and the changes that sprung from them. There is a lot to learn in this episode!Key Takeaways:Dick joined the Air Force to train to be a commercial airline pilot. He quickly caught the fighter bug and chose to fly the F-4 Phantom instead.Dick's book Sierra Hotel: Flying Air Force Fighters in the Decade After Vietnam talks about the major changes the United States military made after the Vietnam War.During the Vietnam War, the United States changed the F-4 training program in an effort to acquire more pilots.Dick tells about his first interaction with laser-guided bombs and how it changed air warfare.The Vietnam era is often attributed with inadequate pilot training. Trainings would leave out several exercises due to aircraft loss concerns. Veterans from the Vietnam War later changed some of the training shortfalls by creating exercises like the Red Flag program.The F-15 was a vast improvement from the F-4. Dick wrote in his book that "As soon as an F-4 pilot sat in the cockpit, he noticed its efficient design." Regardless of artificial intelligence and autonomous vehicles, Dick thinks there is a future for human fighter pilots.Resources:Dick Anderegg Air Force Bio Sierra Hotel: Flying Air Force Fighters in the Decade After Vietnam 

For Mental Health Awareness Month, we explore the critical challenges pilots face while suffering from mental health issues and discuss possible individual and organizational solutions.Our guests are United Airlines Pilot, Troy Merritt, and Neurologist and Aircrew Brain Health Researcher, Dr. William "Billy" Hoffman. Troy discusses his personal experience of grounding himself due to mental health issues and explains the pilot mental health paradox. Dr. Hoffman draws on his research and medical experience with mental health in aviation to help us understand the efforts being made by researchers and the broader aviation community to bridge the gap for pilots and the industry as a whole. There is a lot to learn in this episode!Key Takeaways:Pilots have two options; disclose their mental health issues to the FAA and become grounded or keep them secret and continue flying while untreated. Many pilots will face this paradox at some point in their flying career.Troy suffered from anxiety and depression and chose to ground himself in 2022. He found a doctor who prescribed SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) and is already on the application pathway to fly again.Special Issuances are given to pilots who are approved to fly, despite their current health problems.Troy encourages all who are suffering from mental illness to seek treatment. Even talking to a therapist as a "life coach" is a great first step that doesn't alert the FAA.Billy continues to research with pilots and participate in conversations on how to better approach mental health problems in aviation.This paradox isn't limited to mental health. Many pilots also keep physical ailments to themselves or seek treatment without alerting the FAA.The FAA has set up a mental health rules committee to research and possibly change some regulations.Resources:Pilots say they're afraid to seek mental health care. The FAA says it's listening - NPR The Pilot’s Pandemic Podcast Pilots hide mental health issues so they don’t ‘lose their wings’ - Washington Post 

Explore the evolution of cabin safety and learn how it could save your life. Today, we are excited to talk with retired Cabin Safety Specialist, and Wings Over the Rockies Volunteer, Denisekaren "DK" Deaderick. DK has been in this field for over 40 years and was the first Black woman to hold the position of FAA Cabin Safety Inspector. In this episode, we learn what exactly cabin safety is, how it has changed alongside advancements in technology, and how new regulations and rules are shaping the industry today. This one is going to be cool!Key Takeaways:DK got her start in aviation as a flight attendant for North Central Airlines.Throughout her career, she has written a flight attendant manual, had multiple programs approved by the FAA, and even has her own rule enforced by the FAA that allows passengers to bring portable oxygen concentrators onboard.Cabin safety personnel support the operation of the aircraft by monitoring cabin hazards and risks.DK encourages all passengers to read every safety card as each airplane model has different emergency procedures.Despite the technical errors that Boeing aircraft have been facing, DK believes that they are working hard to fix the problems. In general, commercial airplanes are still the safest form of travel.Commercial space travel is right around the corner, and with it, a whole new set of cabin safety rules and regulations. DK hopes there is a future for flight attendants onboard space flights.Cabin safety jobs will always be relevant and necessary, and DK encourages listeners to pursue a career in this field.Resources:DK’s Website FAA Cabin Safety Website IATA Cabin Safety Website 

Today, in celebration of National Volunteer Month, we are excited to speak with Wings Over the Rockies volunteer, Phil Mentesana. Phil shares personal stories about his time as an Electronic Warfare Officer on the B-52, flying the F-4 in Vietnam, and his time as a captain for United Airlines. He has many firsts in his career including being a part of the first B-52 missions to engage in combat during Operation Arc Light in Vietnam, leading Operation Linebacker I in the F-4, and so much more. This one is going to be cool! Key Takeaways:Phil wanted to be a pilot but elected to go to Navigation training first, earning a spot as an Electronic Warfare Officer onboard the B-52 Stratofortress.While stationed on the B-52, he was a part of the first B-52 combat missions in Vietnam, flying in Operation Arc Light. On the first mission, two B-52s collided in the middle of a storm when trying to refuel.Phil finally got his chance to fly when he was reaching the age limit for pilot training. After training, his fighter pick was the F-4 Phantom.Phil went back to combat in Vietnam, this time flying the F-4. While there, he led the F-4 squadrons in Operation Linebacker I and had 14 SAMs shot at him in less than 15 minutes.After he retired from the Air Force, he went on to pilot for United Airlines. He flew every plane model they had at the time.Phil came to volunteer at Wings Over the Rockies to give back to the aviation career that treated him so well.Resources:Operation Linebacker Operation Arc Light 

A first-of-its-kind virtual reality spacewalk experience.  Space Explorers: THE INFINITE is a captivating immersive journey inspired by NASA missions aboard the International Space Station. Join us as we hear from creator Félix Lajeunesse who tells us how THE INFINITE project got started, how they filmed and created this experience, working with astronauts, and the unique challenges they faced making virtual reality content on the International Space Station. This one is going to be cool!Key Takeaways:THE INFINITE experience gives audiences breathtaking 360-degree views of Earth, displays scenes from life aboard the ISS, and allows guests to perform their very own spacewalk, all through virtual reality technology.This project is the first virtual reality experience filmed in space onboard the ISS.THE INFINITE faced many challenges while filming, needing to consider camera temperatures, radiation, and so much more.In this experience, you can interact with astronauts who helped film such as spacewalking, experimenting, and even having dinner.The Overview Effect is a common experience among astronauts when traveling to space. The term, first coined by author Frank White, describes a cognitive shift commonly experienced when someone sees the Earth from space for the first time. People often describe feeling a sense of one-ness, that the Earth is precious, and sheer awe in the Earth’s beauty, all of which can be experienced in THE INFINITE.Félix Lajeunesse aims to continue filming with NASA to document and create more experiences on the Moon and beyond.You can visit Space Explorers: THE INFINITE in Denver until May 5th, 2024!Resources:Félix Lajeunesse: What it’s like to film VR on the ISS ‘The Infinite’ Virtual Reality Exhibit Offers a Taste of Life in Outer Space THE INFINITE Experience Denver 

In celebration of Women's History Month, dive into the story of the first female Air Force pilots and their roles during World War II. Today's episode tells us about the lives and history of The Women Airforce Service Pilots, or WASP. The WASP helped the United States domestic war effort by ferrying aircraft, towing targets for live anti-aircraft gun practice, simulating strafing missions, transporting cargo, and so much more. Plus, hear a special story about the first two women to fly the B-29 Superfortress. This one is going to be cool! Key Takeaways:Pilot Jacqueline "Jackie" Cochran and test-pilot Nancy Harkness Love wanted to help the war effort in the United States and worked with the military to start the Women's Flying Training Detachment (WFTD) and the Women's Auxiliary Ferrying Squadron (WAFS). Eventually, both programs were merged to form the WASP.Even with strict requirements to enter the WASP, more than 25,000 women applied, 1,830 were accepted, and 1,074 graduated.The WASP trained in Sweetwater, TX at Avenger Field where they stayed on base in the barracks and trained most days.Two WASP, Dorthea Johnson and Dora Dougherty, were chosen by General Hap Arnold to fly the newly arrived B-29 Superfortress in a demonstration for future male pilots. The male pilots didn't want to fly this airplane due to engine concerns, and the WASP was meant to show that "if a woman can do it, so can a man." They flew the B-29 successfully several times.In 1944, the WASP were shut down to make room for men returning from war who needed the jobs.Years later, in the 1970s, the Women Airforce Service Pilots were finally given military and veteran status, officially cementing their history.Resources:Women Fly the B-29: PBS Women Airforce Service Pilots Wiki Deanie Parish WASP SpeechThe WASP of World War 2: Radio DiariesV. Scott Gough Collection: Library of Congress Margaret Ray Ringenberg Collection: Library of CongressNell S. Bright Collection: Library of Congress