Did That Really Happen?

This week we're going back to postwar Tokyo with Godzilla Minus One! Join us as we learn about the rebuilding of Ginza, war orphans, sea mine removal, how Godzilla stands upright in the water, and more! Sources: "Ginza," Tokyo Official Website: https://www.ginza.jp/en/history/2#:~:text=As%20early%20as%20April%2C%201946,Ginza%20%2Ddori%20during%20this%20festival.&text=In%20addition%20to%20the%20regular,goods%20to%20the%20US%20troops. "Post-war Ginza," Old Tokyo, available at https://www.oldtokyo.com/post-war-ginza-1945/ "The Lost Metropolis: 1930s Tokyo Street Life in Pictures," The Guardian available at https://www.theguardian.com/cities/gallery/2019/may/17/the-lost-metropolis-1930s-tokyo-street-life-kineo-kuwabara-in-pictures US Naval Institute, "Success Meant Death: An Interview with Kaoru Hasegawa," available at https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/1995/october/success-meant-death-interview-kaoru-hasegawa Richard Lloyd-Parry, "Survivor Shame," The Independent, available at https://www.independent.co.uk/news/survivor-shame-1592965.html Roger B. Jeans, "Victims or Victimizers? Museums, Textbooks, and the War Debate in Contemporary Japan," Journal of Military History 69, 1 (2005) Lili van der Does-Ishikawa, "Contested Memories of the Kamikaze and the Self-Representations of Tokko-Tai Youth in Their Missives Home," Japan Forum 27, 3 (2015) John W. Dower, Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II. WW Norton, 2000. Mariko Asano Tamanoi, "The Origins and Plight of Sensō Koji (War Orphans) In Postwar Japan," APJIF, 18, iss. 13, no.1 (2020). https://apjjf.org/2020/13/tamanoi  Robert Efirt, "Japan's "War Orphans": Identification and State Responsibility," The Journal of Japanese Studies 34, no.2 (2008): 363-88. http://www.jstor.com/stable/27756572  Mariko Asano Tamanoi, "Memory Map 3: Orphans' Memories," Memory Maps: The State and Manchuria in Postwar Japan (University of Hawai'i Press, 2009), 84-114. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt6wqrg5.7  Sheldon Garon, "Operation STARVATION, 1945: A Transnational History of Blockades and the Defeat of Japan," The International History Review 46, no.4 (2024): 535-50.  Michael Sturma, "Mopping Up," in Surface and Destroy: The Submarine Gun War in the Pacific (University Press of Kentucky, 2011). https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt2jcr03.13  John S. Chilstrom, Mines Away! The Significance of U.S. Army Air Forces Minelaying in World War II (Air University Press, 1992).  John S. Chilsstrom, "A Test for Joint Ops: USAAF Bombing Doctrine and the Aerial Minelaying Mission," Air Power History 40, no.1 (1993): 35-43. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26279445  Lieut. Commander Arnold S. Lott, USN, "Japan's Nightmare--Mine Blockade," U.S. Naval Institute, Vol. 85/11/681 (November 1959). https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1959/november/japans-nightmare-mine-blockade https://japannews.yomiuri.co.jp/society/general-news/20231003-140471/  https://www.state.gov/dipnote-u-s-department-of-state-official-blog/investing-in-the-future-of-the-pacific-u-s-assistance-continues-to-address-wwii-era-explosive-hazards/  https://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/15088407  RT: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/godzilla_minus_one  Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_Minus_One  https://variety.com/2024/artisans/news/godzilla-minus-one-visual-effects-water-scene-610-shots-1235891768/  Oscar win: https://youtu.be/h3q7SaXhCPE?si=dSEUEIhlPD9g2xEU 

This week we're traveling back to 1960s Congo with The Siege of Jadotville! Join us as we learn about General Tshombe, Dag Hammarsjkold, UN forces in Jadotville, uranium mining, and more! Sources: Frank Swain, "The forgotten mine that built the atomic bomb," BBC (2020). https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200803-the-forgotten-mine-that-built-the-atomic-bomb  Moore, W. Robert. "White Magic in the Belgian Congo: Tribesmen Mine Uranium, Run Machines, Study Modern Medicine as Booming Trade Opens Up the Vast Colony's Resources." National Geographic Magazine, March 1952, [321]+. National Geographic Virtual Library (accessed August 1, 2024). Susan Williams, "How a rich uranium mine thrust the Congo into the centre of the Cold War," The Conversation (2016). https://theconversation.com/how-a-rich-uranium-mine-thrust-the-congo-into-the-centre-of-the-cold-war-64761  Tom Zoellner, "A (Radioactive) Cut in the Earth That Will Not Stay Closed," Scientific American (2009). https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/a-radioactive-cut-that-will-not-stay-closed/  "Dag Hammarskjold," United Nations, available at https://www.un.org/depts/dhl/dag/time1961.htm Emma Graham-Harrison et al, "RAF Veteran 'Admitted 1961 Killing of Secretary-General," The Guardian, available at https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/12/raf-veteran-admitted-killing-un-secretary-general-dag-hammarskjold-in-1961 "Interview with Secretary General," British Pathe, available at https://youtu.be/5mdY-RE3ZEg?si=7R8VBeQ-KdyYe3XH Mads Brugger, "Cold Case Hammarskjold," Magnolia Pictures, 2019 "Monday 18 September 1961," Aviation Safety Network, available at https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/333493 Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Siege_of_Jadotville_(film) Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_siege_of_jadotville Lar Joye, "What's on Film: The Siege of Jadotville," History Ireland 25, no.1 (2017): 50-51.  John Terence O'Neill, "The Irish Company at Jadotville, Congo, 1961: Soldiers or Symbols?," International Peacekeeping 9, no. 4 (Winter 2002): 127-144. Narayan Swamy, "Gallant Irish Unit Surrenders," The Times of India, Bombay, September 19, 1961.  Frank McNally, "Five Irish soldiers took their own lives after Jadotville siege," The Irish Times (May 15, 2019). https://www.irishtimes.com/news/social-affairs/five-irish-soldiers-took-their-own-lives-after-jadotville-siege-1.3893633   Security Council official records, 16th year : 973rd meeting, 13 November 1961, New York; United Nations Digital Library, https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/631329?ln=en&v=pdf  Report to the Secretary-General from his Special Representative in the Congo regarding Mr. Patrice Lumumba; https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/630673?ln=en&v=pdf  Evening star. (Washington, D.C.), 26 Sept. 1961. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1961-09-26/ed-1/seq-3/  https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/mission/past/onucF.html Isaac Chotiner, "The Real Story Behind Patrice Lumumba’s Assassination," The New Yorker, October 30, 2023. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2023/11/06/the-lumumba-plot-the-secret-history-of-the-cia-and-a-cold-war-assassination-stuart-a-reid-book-review   Jiwon Amy Yoo, "Moise Kapenda Tshombe," Blackpast.org, available at https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/tshombe-moise-kapenda-1919-1969/

This week we're traveling back to 1940s Venice with A Haunting in Venice! Join us as we learn about mad honey, When the Lights Go On Again, the liberation of Bergen-Belsen, Meet Me In St. Louis, and more! Sources: Gunduz, Abdülkadir;Şimşek, Perihan;Ayaz, Faik Ahmet, "Worldwide Distribution and Clinical Characteristics of Mad Honey Poisoning Cases," Central European Journal of Public Health (March 2023) Niko Vorobyov, "What It's Like Tripping on Mad Honey, the Hallucinogen That is (Maybe) an Aphrodisiac," Salon, 2022, available at https://www.salon.com/2022/04/10/what-its-like-tripping-on-mad-honey-the-hallucinogen-that-maybe-is-an-aphrodisiac/ Mad Honey, Atlas Obscura, available at https://www.atlasobscura.com/foods/mad-honey-red-hallucinogen Imperial War Museum, Collection of Accounts: https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/the-liberation-of-bergen-belsen https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/When_the_Lights_Go_On_Again The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.), 10 Nov. 1944. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014085/1944-11-10/ed-1/seq-12/  The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.), 29 May 1943. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045324/1943-05-29/ed-1/seq-12/  https://genius.com/Vera-lynn-when-the-lights-go-on-again-lyrics  "https://catalog.archives.gov/id/24508 MOVIES AT WAR Other title:Film Bulletin, no. 107 (1943)" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meet_Me_in_St._Louis Matt Zoller Seitz, "A Haunting in Venice," https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/a-haunting-in-venice-movie-review-2023  Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Haunting_in_Venice  Justin Chang, "The big twist in 'A Haunting in Venice'? It's actually a great film," NPR, https://www.npr.org/2023/09/22/1201010896/a-haunting-in-venice-review-agatha-christie-hercule-poirot  https://variety.com/2023/film/news/haunting-in-venice-producer-more-poirot-movies-tina-fey-1235726819/ Todd Gilchrist, "'A Haunting in Venice' Review: Kenneth Branagh Brings a Supernatural Dimension to His Hercule Poirot Series," Variety (Sep. 9, 2023). https://variety.com/2023/film/reviews/a-haunting-in-venice-review-kenneth-branagh-1235717211/ 

This week we're going back to 1930s-1950s Spain with The Endless Trench! Join us as we learn about Franco on the radio, attacks on hermitages during the Spanish Civil War, Eisenhower's visits to Spain, and more! Sources: Christy Lemire review, https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/saltburn-movie-review-2023  Julius Ruiz, The 'Red Terror' and the Spanish Civil War: Revolutionary Violence in Madrid (Cambridge University Press, 2014).  Julian Casanova, The Spanish Republic and Civil War (Cambridge University Press, 2012).  Raymond Carr, Spain: A History (Oxford University Press, 2000).  https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/toasts-the-president-and-general-francisco-franco-spain-state-dinner-madrid Exchange of Letters Between the President and the Chief of State, General Franco, of Spain, https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/exchange-letters-between-the-president-and-the-chief-state-general-franco-spain  https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/spain  Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.), 21 Dec. 1959. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1959-12-21/ed-1/seq-6/  Victory Speech Excerpt: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LMN6JhL1yGQ Salvador Gomez Garcia et al, "The Sound Portrait of a Dictator: A Study of Franco's Image in Radio Nacional de Espana," Media History 28, 2 (2022) Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_endless_trench Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Endless_Trench "Gendered Violence," Spanish Civil War Virtual Museum, available at https://www.vscw.ca/en/node/9#:~:text=The%20shaving%20of%20women's%20heads,Guards%20and%20other%20police%20forces . Laura Munoz-Enciar, "Unearthing Gendered Repression: An Analysis of Violence Suffered by Women During the Civil War and Franco's Dictatorship in Southwestern Spain," World Archaeology (2019)

This week we're traveling back to the long-ago days of 2006 with Saltburn! Join us as we reminisce about Juicy tracksuits, Jagerbombs, Livestrong wristbands, and other artifacts of our misspent youth. Sources: Christy Lemire review, https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/saltburn-movie-review-2023  Nicholas Barber, "Saltburn film review: 'Lurid' comedy skewers Britain's super-rich," BBC 5 October 2023, https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20231005-saltburn-film-review-lurid-comedy-skewers-britains-super-rich  David Rooney, "‘Saltburn’ Review: Barry Keoghan and Jacob Elordi in Emerald Fennell’s Fun but Derivative Take on Class Envy," The Hollywood Reporter 31 August 2023, https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/saltburn-review-barry-keoghan-jacob-elordi-emerald-fennell-1235577882/  Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saltburn_(film)  NHS Smoking Prevalence Statistics, 2006: https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/statistics-on-smoking/statistics-on-smoking-england-2008#:~:text=Among%20adults%20aged%2016%20and,39%20per%20cent%20in%201980 "The Heritage Tracksuit," https://juicycouture.co.uk/collections/the-heritage-tracksuit  Sarah Lindig, "The Juicy Couture Tracksuit Is Now a Relic in a Museum," Bazaar, 15 November 2015, https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/designers/a12983/juicy-couture-track-suit-on-exhibit-at-london-museum/  https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O110643/tracksuit-juicy-couture/  Irene Anna Kim and Steve Cameron, "How Juicy Couture went from a million-dollar empire to the sale rack," Business Insider, 19 October 2020. https://www.businessinsider.com/rise-and-fall-of-juicy-couture-tracksuits-2019-11?op=1  Emily McCullar, "Making the Band: An Oral History of the Livestrong Bracelet," Texas Monthly July 2024. https://www.texasmonthly.com/style/livestrong-wristband-oral-history-twentieth-anniversary/     Kevin Kos, "The Jagerbomb: No Longer Just a College Drink!" available at https://www.kevinkos.com/post/elevated-jager-bomb "Jagerbomb" Diffords Guide, available at https://www.diffordsguide.com/en-au/cocktails/recipe/3060/jagerbomb Jagerbomb, Google Ngram: https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=J%C3%A4gerbomb&year_start=1800&year_end=2019&corpus=en-2019&smoothing=3

This week we're going back to 1970 with a patron-requested episode on The Holdovers! Join us as we learn about The Newlywed Game, helicopters, Librium, race and class in the Vietnam War, the surprisingly heated controversies over men with long hair, and more! Sources: IMDB trivia page: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt14849194/goofs/ US Centennial Flight Commission, History of Private Helicopters: https://www.centennialofflight.net/essay/Rotary/Private_heli/HE15.htm Civil and Commercial Helicopter Use: https://www.century-of-flight.net/civil-and-commercial-helicopter-use/ Leigh H. Edwards, "Reality TV and the American Family," The Tube Has Spoken: Reality TV and History (2010), 123-44. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt2jcnkz.12  "Fear of a Black Movement: Public Enemy's Chuck D Fights the Power Thirty Years Strong: A Dialogue with Alicia Virani," in Rebel Speak: A Justice Movement Mixtape (2022): 162. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv2ks6vsj.10 Bryan Hardin Thrift, "Turning Off Turn-On: Helms as a TV Executive in the 1960s," Conservative Bias: How Jesse Helps Pioneered the Rise of Right-Wing Media and Realigned the Republican Party (University Press of Florida, 2014), 137-63. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvx1htq1.10  https://interviews.televisionacademy.com/shows/newlywed-game-the  Ingrid Waldron, "Increased Prescribing of Valium, Librium, and Other Drugs--An Example of the Influence of Economic and Social Factors on the Practice of Medicine," International Journal of Health Services 7, no.1 (1977): 37-62. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45129975  "Tranquilizer Librium Best for Alcoholics," The Science News-Letter 87, no. 19 (1965): 303. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3948684  HOFFER, A. “Lack of potentiation by chlordiazepoxide (Librium) of depression or excitation due to alcohol.” Canadian Medical Association journal vol. 87,17 (1962): 920-1. "Racial, Ethnic, and Religious Minorities in the Vietnam War: A Resource Guide," Library of Congress, https://guides.loc.gov/racial-ethnic-and-religious-minorities-in-the-vietnam-war   "Vietnam War U.S. Military Fatal Casualty Statistics," Military Records, National Archives, https://www.archives.gov/research/military/vietnam-war/casualty-statistics  James Burk and Evelyn Espinoza, "Race Relations Within the US Military," Annual Review of Sociology 38 (2012): 401-22. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23254602  Arnold Barnett, Timothy Stanley, and Michael Shore, "America's Vietnam Casualties: Victims of a Class War?" Operations Research 40, no.5 (1992): 856-66. https://www.jstor.org/stable/171812  Seija Rankin, "Making of the Holdovers: Depressing S*** Can Still Feel Cozy," Hollywood Reporter, available at https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-features/making-of-the-holdovers-paul-giamatti-1235788162/ Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Holdovers Andrew Robert Herrick, "A Hairy Predicament: The Problem with Long Hair in the 1960s and 1970s." Masters Thesis, 2006, available at https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1875&context=etd

This week we're going back to 1940s LA with Devil in a Blue Dress! Join us as we learn about Black homeownership in midcentury Los Angeles, Charlotta Bass and The Eagle, postwar jobs, and more! Sources: Kelly Simpson, "The Great Migration: Creating a New Black Identity in Los Angeles," PBS, available at https://www.pbssocal.org/history-society/the-great-migration-creating-a-new-black-identity-in-los-angeles Marques Augusta Vestal, "Black Housing Politics in 1940s South Los Angeles," MA Thesis, 2014, UCLA. Available at https://escholarship.org/content/qt1ns4f6z6/qt1ns4f6z6_noSplash_4f334160f70a9138a0db208ee1b4aa2c.pdf?t=nlk3x9#:~:text=Nearly%2040%20percent%20of%20blacks,than%20ten%20percent%20in%20Chicago.&text=Angeles%20newspaper%20the%20Liberator%2C%20Jefferson,greatest%20state%22%20for%20African%20Americans. Ryan Reft, "Segregation in the City of Angels: A 1939 Map of Housing Inequality in LA," PBS, available at https://www.pbssocal.org/shows/lost-la/segregation-in-the-city-of-angels-a-1939-map-of-housing-inequality-in-l-a Black Los Angeles: 1930-2020. ArcGIS StoryMap. Available at https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/dfd7cd4341a6493fa6cf38633333cece Los Angeles Sentinel, ProQuest Historical newspapers  David L. Clark, "Los Angeles: Improbable Los Angeles," in Sunbelt Cities: Politics and Growth Since World War II, eds. Richard M. Bernard and Bradley R. Rice (University of Texas Press), https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7560/775763.14 Arthur C. Verge, "The Impact of the Second World War on Los Angeles," Pacific Historical Review 63, no.3 (1994): 289-314. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3640968  Regina Freer, "L.A. Race Woman: Charlotta Bass and the Complexities of Black Political Development in Los Angeles," American Quarterly 56, no.3 (2004): 607-32. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40068236  Rodger Streitmatter, "Charlotta A. Bass: Radical Precursor of the Black Power Movement," Raising Her Voice: African-American Women Journalists Who Changed History (University Press of Kentucky, 1994). https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt130jn0r.12  Democracy Now! "Before Kamala Harris, There Was Charlotta Bass: Remembering First Black Woman to Run for VP in 1952," YouTube, https://youtu.be/Hlkw24ifqdk?si=0IlaNF9cVbKqEBEQ   Julian Kimble, "Devil in a Blue Dress: Crossing the Line," The Criterion Collection, July 20, 2022, https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/7873-devil-in-a-blue-dress-crossing-the-line   Dan Kois, "The 1990s Denzel Mystery That Should've Launched a Franchise," Slate, https://slate.com/culture/2022/07/carl-franklin-interview-devil-in-a-blue-dress-and-denzel-washington.html  Will Fancher, "The Untold Truth of Devil In A Blue Dress," Looper, August 6, 2022, https://www.looper.com/955040/the-untold-truth-of-devil-in-a-blue-dress/  https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/devil-in-a-blue-dress-1995 

This week we become Robert Eggers completists with an episode on The Northman! Join us as we learn about berserkers, slavery in the Viking era, textiles, and more! Sources: Ben Cartwright, "Making the cloth that binds us. The role of textile production in producing Viking-Age identities," in Viking Worlds: Things, Spaces, and Movement eds. Marianne Hem Eriksen, Unn Pedersen, Bernt Rundberget, Irmelin Axelsen, and Heidi Lund Berg (Oxbow Books), https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvh1dgwk.15  Marie Louise Stig Sørensen, "Gender, Material Culture, and Identity in the Viking Diaspora," Viking and Medieval Scandinavia 5 (2009): 253-69. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45019127  Eva B. Andersson, "Tools, Textil Production and Society in Viking Age Birka," in Dressing the Past, eds. Margarita Gleba, Cherine Munkholt, and Marie-Louise Nosch (Oxbow Books). https://www.jstor.org/stbale/j.ctt1cfr7jb.13  Eirnin Jefford Franks, "Gender in the Viking World," in The Norse Sorceress: Mind and Materiality in the Viking World, eds.LESZEK GARDEŁA, SOPHIE BØNDING, PETER PENTZ (Oxbow Books, 2023). https://www.jstor.org/stable/jj.5699282.8  Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_northman Stephen Barker, "10 Behind the Scenes Facts About the Northman" Screen Rant, available at https://screenrant.com/the-northman-behind-the-scenes-facts/ Gabriella Paiella, Interview with Robert Eggers, GQ, available at https://www.gq.com/story/robert-eggers-the-northman-interview Thomas K. Heeboll-Holm, "Piratical Slave Raiding: The Demise of a Viking Practice in High Medieval Denmark," Journal of Scandinavian History 46, 4 (2021) Ben Raffield, "The Slave Markets of the Viking World: Comparative Perspectives on an Invisible Archaeology," Slavery and Abolition 40, 4 (2019) Ruth Mazo Karras, "Concubinage and Slavery in the Viking Age," Scandinavian Studies 62, 2 (1990) H. David Brumble, "Berserks and the Tragedy of Warrior Individualism," Street-Gang and Tribal-Warrior Autobiographies (Anthem Press), https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt2272801.17  Michael P. Speidel, "Berserks: A History of Indo-European "Mad Warriors"," Journal of World History 13, no.2 (2002): 253-90. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20078974  Anatoly Liberman, "Berserks in History and Legend," Russian History 32, no.3/4 (2005): 401-11. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24663272  Owen Rees, "Going berserk," Medieval Warfare 2, no.1 (2012): 23-6. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/48578628 Erika Ruth Sigurdson, "Violence and Historical Authenticity: Rape (and Pillage) in Popular Viking Fiction," Scandinavian Studies 86, no.3 (2014): 249-67. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5406/scanstud.86.3.0249  https://www.nms.ac.uk/explore-our-collections/stories/scottish-history-and-archaeology/lewis-chess-pieces/ 

This week we're going back to the 1980s with Charlie Wilson's War! Join us as we learn about the horrific things people used to do with safety pins, Soviet ambitions in the Persian Gulf, Gust Avrokotos, refugees from the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, and more! Sources: "Advertisement: Maybelline." Seventeen, 07, 1982, 18-19 "Mascara Magic." Seventeen, 05, 1981 "Advertisement: Maybelline." Cosmopolitan, 11, 1978, 117 "Dear Beauty Editor." Seventeen, 02, 1978, 10 The Wilson Center Digital Archive, Sources available at https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/topics/soviet-invasion-afghanistan The Soviet Occupation of Afghanistan, PBS Newshour: https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/asia-july-dec06-soviet_10-10 Francis Fukuyama, "The Soviet Threat to the Persian Gulf" Rand Corporation, 1981, available at https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/papers/2008/P6596.pdf' Jonathon Green, "slang," The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets (Oxford University Press, 2015) "cake eater," Oxford English Dictionary (2020).  Ngram Google Books Tazreena Sajjad, "Analysis: Where do Afghanistan's refugees go?" PBS News Hour (24 August 2021). https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/analysis-where-do-afghanistans-refugees-go  "Afghanistan's refugees: forty years of dispossession," Amnesty International (20 June 2019), https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2019/06/afghanistan-refugees-forty-years/  "Afghan Migration After the Soviet Invasion," NatGeo, https://media.nationalgeographic.org/assets/file/afghan_MIG.pdf  Meindersma, Christa. "Afghanistan." In Encyclopedia of Human Rights (Oxford University Press, 2009). “The MacNeil/Lehrer Report; Interview with Perez de Cuellar,” 1982-02-18, NewsHour Productions, American Archive of Public Broadcasting (GBH and the Library of Congress), Boston, MA and Washington, DC, accessed April 25, 2024, http://americanarchive.org/catalog/cpb-aacip-507-xk84j0c044  Amina Khan, "Protracted Afghan Refugee Situation," Strategic Studies 37, no.1 (2017): 42-65.  Pervaiz Iqbal Cheema, "Impact of the Afghan War on Pakistan," Pakistan Horizon 41, no.1 (1988): 23-45.  Patricia Sullivan, "CIA Agent Gust Avrokotos Dies at 67," Washington Post, available at https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2005/12/25/cia-agent-gust-l-avrakotos-dies-at-age-67/22a47f22-6594-4b9d-a90a-6f7914aa909a/ Roger Ebert, "Evil Empire falls victim to clout," 20 December 2007, https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/charlie-wilsons-war-2007  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlie_Wilson%27s_War_(film) https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/charlie-wilsons-war-2-159301/ 

This week we're going back to the 1970s with If Beale Street Could Talk! Join us as we learn about the Rockefeller Drug Laws, New York jails, the term "Holy Roller", and more! Source Brian Mann, "The Drug Laws That Changed How We Punished," NPR, available at https://www.npr.org/2013/02/14/171822608/the-drug-laws-that-changed-how-we-punish Fodei Batty, "How to Understand the Complicated History of 'Go Back to Africa'" Washington Post, available at https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2016/04/26/is-go-back-to-africa-always-an-insult-heres-a-brief-history-of-american-back-to-africa-movements/ African Americans in Ghana, Khan Academy: https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/whp-origins/era-7-the-great-convergence-and-divergence-1880-ce-to-the-future/x23c41635548726c4:other-materials-origins-era-7/a/connecting-decolonization-in-africa-and-the-us-civil-rights-movement#:~:text=The%20desire%20to%20repatriate%E2%80%94to,building%20their%20new%20nation%2Dstate. Heather Ann Thompson, "How a Series of Jail Rebellions Rocked New York--and Woke a City," The Nation, 21 March 2019 https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/new-york-jail-rebellion-1970-tombs-mdc/   Daniel Chasin, "Two Steps Forward, One Step Back: How New York's Bail Reform Saga Tiptoes around Addressing Economic Inequality," Cardozo Law Review 43, no. 1 (October 2021): 273-312 Aleza Van Brunt and Locke E. Bowman, "Toward a Just Model of Pretrial Release: A History of Bail Reform and a Prescription for What's Next," The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 108, no.4 (2018): 701-774. https://www.jstor.org/stable/48572970 https://www.uscourts.gov/services-forms/probation-and-pretrial-services/supervision/pretrial-risk-assessment/pretrial-release  https://www.prisonpolicy.org/research/pretrial_detention/  https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/jails2024_table3.html  https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/incomejails.html Ngram: https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=%22holy+roller%22&year_start=1800&year_end=2019&corpus=en-2019&smoothing=3  Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. “Holy Roller (n.),” March 2024. Gregg Kilday, "Making of 'If Beale Street Could Talk': How 'Moonlight' Oscar Winner Barry Jenkins Brought James Baldwin's 1974 Novel to the Big Screen," Hollywood REporter, available at https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-features/a-look-making-beale-street-could-talk-1160625/' Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/if_beale_street_could_talk/reviews Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/If_Beale_Street_Could_Talk_(film)

This week we're traveling back to the 1930s with Amsterdam! Join us as we learn about Smedley Butler, birding, the Harlem Hellfighters, that story about Mussolini running a kid over with a car, and more! Sources: The Press: Vanderbilt Truth (1931) available at https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,930365,00.html Pete Vack, "A Mussolini Alfa Romeo Mystery," available at https://velocetoday.com/a-mussolini-mystery/ Smedley Butler Mussolini 1931, WWII Editorial Cartoon Project, available at https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/ww2/1931-2/ Jonathan M. Katz, Gangsters of Capitalism: Smedley Butler, the Marines, and the Making and Breaking of America's Empire (New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 2021), 304-334. Dietrich, Christopher R. W., ed. Diplomacy and Capitalism: The Political Economy of U.S. Foreign Relations. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2022. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1sjwpfz. Erick Trickey, "One Hundred Years Ago, the Harlem Hellfighters Bravely Led the U.S. Into WWI," Smithsonian Magazine (14 May 2018), https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/one-hundred-years-ago-harlem-hellfighters-bravely-led-us-wwi-180968977/   "Remembering the Harlem Hellfighters," National Museum of African-American History and Culture Stephen Barker, "Amsterdam: 10 Behind the Scenes Facts About the Star-Studded Movie," Screen Rant, available at https://screenrant.com/amsterdam-behind-the-scenes-facts-star-studded-movie/ Amsterdam, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam_(2022_film) Christy Lemire review, Rogerebert.com: https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/amsterdam-movie-review-2022 Tim Birkhead, "How Bird-Collecting Evolved into Bird-Watching," Smithsonian Magazine, available at https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/how-bird-collecting-evolved-into-bird-watching-180980506/

*NOTE: Due to a technical mishap, we had some problems with Jamie's audio on this one. We apologize for the sound quality issues. Content Warning: This episode features discussion of cannibalism and other disturbing content. This week we're traveling back to 1970s Uruguay with Society of the Snow! Join us as we learn about Numa Turcatti, the photos taken on the mountain, student protests, radios, the Strauch cousins, and more! Sources: Drew Weisholtz, "What Happened to Numa Turcatti, Narrator of Society of the Snow?" Today, available at https://www.today.com/popculture/movies/society-of-the-snow-numa-turcatti-narrator-rcna133613 Amanda Rodriguez and Jeronimo Pineda, "Society of the Snow: The Spirit of Numa Turcatti and the Soccer Team Named After Him," El Pais, available at https://english.elpais.com/sports/2024-01-22/society-of-the-snow-the-spirit-of-numa-turcatti-and-the-soccer-team-named-after-him.html Eduardo Strauch and Mireya Soriano, "Returning to the scene of the crash: A survivor of the Uruguayan rugby team plane crash reflects," Salon, (2019) https://www.salon.com/2019/06/15/returning-to-the-scene-of-the-crash-a-survivor-of-the-uruguayan-rugby-team-plane-crash-reflects/   Matt J. Rossano, Mortal Rituals: What the Story of the Andes Survivors Tells Us About Human Evolution (Columbia University Press, 2013). Blair Braverman and Sarah Marshall, "Flight 571: Survival in the Andes with Blair Braverman," You're Wrong About podcast (31 October 2022).  Charles A. Krause, "After the Andes," The Washington Post (4 November 1978), https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1978/11/05/after-the-andes/962054ad-fde2-4c87-9e6d-c656fee2dc49/  https://www.backpacker.com/trips/alive-again-new-findings-in-the-1972-andes-plane-crash/  https://www.history.com/news/miracle-andes-disaster-survival  https://rarehistoricalphotos.com/1972-andes-plane-crash-story-photos/  https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/dec/04/nando-parrado-andes-plane-crash-1972-rugby-team Emilio Mayorga and John Hopewell, Variety (2022), https://variety.com/2022/film/global/netflix-bayona-society-of-the-snow-1235253671/  Society of the Snow: Who Were We on the Mountain (Netflix, 2024) RT: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/society_of_the_snow  Sheila O'Malley, "Society of the Snow," Roger Ebert (5 January 2024), https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/society-of-the-snow-2024  Peter Bradshaw, "Society of the Snow review- cannibalism in the ice in incredible real-life survival tale," The Guardian (19 December 2023), https://www.theguardian.com/film/2023/dec/19/society-of-the-snow-review-cannibalism-in-the-ice-in-incredible-real-life-survival-tale  The Tupamaros: https://www.latinamericanstudies.org/uruguay/tupamaros-uruguay.htm

Today we're traveling to early 2000s Chile (but also 18th century France, and some other times, too) with vampire-themed political satire El Conde! Join us as we learn about Lucia Hiriart, Augusto Pinochet's shady money dealings, that time he got arrested in London, and more! Sources: John Bartlett, "Widow of Chilean Dictator Augusto Pinochet Dies at 99," The Guardian, available at https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/dec/16/lucia-hiriart-widow-chilean-dictator-augusto-pinchocet-dies-age-99 Eva Vergara, "Lucia Hiriart, Widow of Chilean Dictator Pinochet, Dies at 99." Washington Post, Available at https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2021/12/17/pinochet-widow-hiriart-dead/ Andres Oppenheimer, "Ex-Dictator Had Millions in U.S. Bank," (2004). https://archive-yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/ex-dictator-had-millions-us-bank  Hector Tobar and, Eva Vergara. "The World; New Evidence Shatters Chileans' Image of a Frugal Pinochet: [HOME EDITION]." Los Angeles Times, Aug 02, 2004. O'Brien, Timothy,L. "At Riggs Bank, A Tangled Path Led to Scandal." New York Times (1923-), Jul 19, 2004. TIMOTHY L O'BRIEN and,LARRY ROHTER. "U.S. and Others Gave Millions to Pinochet." New York Times, Dec 07, 2004, Late Edition (East Coast). TIMOTHY L O'BRIEN and,LARRY ROHTER. "The Pinochet Money Trail." New York Times, Dec 12, 2004, Late Edition (East Coast). Minder, Raphael. "Spain Reopens Pinochet Inquiry into Tax Evasion and Laundering: [Foreign Desk]." New York Times, Jul 31, 2021, Late Edition (East Coast). Robinson, Eugene. "Thief of State: [FINAL Edition]." The Washington Post, Dec 12, 2006. https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6606013  RT: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/el_conde Jessica Kiang, "'El Conde' Review: Pablo Larraín’s Bizarro-World Reckoning With Pinochet’s Bloodthirsty Legacy," Variety, https://variety.com/2023/film/reviews/el-conde-review-pablo-larrain-the-count-1235708790/  Drew Gillis, "El Conde review: Dictators suck in Pablo Larraín's vampiric satire," AV Club, https://www.avclub.com/el-conde-review-pablo-larrain-1850832103  Carlos Aguilar, "El Conde," https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/el-conde-movie-review-2023  Variety, "'El Conde' Cinematographer Breaks Down the Flying Vampire Nun Sequence Using a 90-Foot Crane & Wires," https://youtu.be/bUBbN_xWnCE?si=LRZrkhtwn1zCBhcE  Veronica Diaz-Cerda, "General Pinochet's Arrest: 20 Years On, Here's How It Changed Global Justice," The Conversation, available at https://theconversation.com/general-pinochet-arrest-20-years-on-heres-how-it-changed-global-justice-104806 """Pinochet Arrested in London,"" The Guardian, available at https://www.theguardian.com/world/1998/oct/18/pinochet.chile"

This week we're traveling back to the 1920s with Killers of the Flower Moon! Join us as we learn about William "King" Hale, Mollie Burkhardt, FBI Agent Tom White, and more! Sources: David Grann, Killers of the Flower Moon: The Osage Murders and the Birth of the FBI. Doubleday, 2017 https://ualr.edu/sequoyah/thisday/hale-given-life-sentence-february-1-1929/ FBI Vault: https://vault.fbi.gov/Osage%20Indian%20Murders  https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/osage-murders-case https://www.npr.org/2018/04/06/600136534/largely-forgotten-osage-murders-reveal-a-conspiracy-against-wealthy-native-ameri  Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.), 16 Jan. 1957. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1957-01-16/ed-1/seq-28/  "Review: FAILED PROTECTORS: THE INDIAN TRUST AND ""KILLERS OF THE FLOWER MOON"" Reviewed Work: Killers of the Flower Moon: The Osage Murders and the Birth of the FBI by David Grann Review by: Matthew L.M. Fletcher Michigan Law Review, Vol. 117, No. 6, 2019 SURVEY OF BOOKS RELATED TO THE LAW (April 2019), pp. 1253-1269 (17 pages) https://www.jstor.org/stable/45135202 " Donald Fixico, "The Osage Murders and Oil," The Invasion of Indian Country in the Twentieth Century: American Capitalism and Tribal Natural Resources 2nd edition (University Press of Colorado, 2012), 27-54. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46nvt7.7  https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/osage-murders-photos-killers-of-flower-moon https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/white-thomas-bruce  and https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/federal-correctional-institution  https://www.fbi.gov/news/podcasts/inside-the-fbi-the-osage-murders https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/conner-joe-carol/  https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=OS005 https://www.esquire.com/uk/culture/film/a45547775/what-happened-to-everyone-in-killers-of-the-flower-moon-after-the-film-ends/  Kirsten Chuba, "Osage Consultant Admits to Complicated Feelings over Killers of the Flower Moon," Hollywood Reporter, available at https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/killers-of-the-flower-moon-osage-consultant-mixed-feelings-1235620231/ Richard Brody, "Martin Scorsese on Making Killers of the Flower Moon," The New Yorker, available at https://www.newyorker.com/culture/the-front-row/martin-scorsese-on-making-killers-of-the-flower-moon

We're back with 2024's first episode on Rustin! Join us as we learn about the speeches delivered at the March on Washington, Strom Thurmond's attacks on Bayard Rustin, Dr. Anna Hedgeman, the Bonus Army, and more! Sources: Emma Rothberg, "Anna Arnold Hedgeman," National Women's History Museum, available at https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/anna-arnold-hedgeman GPO, Congressional Record, 1963, Part 11, Page 14836. Full text available at https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CRECB-1963-pt11/pdf/GPO-CRECB-1963-pt11-7-2.pdf March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom Organizing Manual No. 2  (1963), https://www.jstor.org/stable/community.31888236  John Lewis: https://voicesofdemocracy.umd.edu/lewis-speech-at-the-march-on-washington-speech-text/  A. Philip Randolph: https://theblackfreedommovement.voices.wooster.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/131/2018/02/A.-Philip-Randolphs-1963-March-on-Washington-speech.pdf  "March on Washington History by NMAAHC," https://youtu.be/ZA9TJCV-tks?si=3aiw9BgzmLDRsXsk including B. Rustin speaking "The March of the Bonus Army," American Experience, PBS, https://youtu.be/mSC1lbfXfRQ?si=g9weuwd7x1_yuH0j  Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/rustin_2023 Autostraddle review: https://www.autostraddle.com/rustin-review/

For our final episode of the year, we're changing things up with Escape from New York! Join us as we explore how well this 1981 film predicted the year 1997, with discussions of island prisons, crime rates, Telex technology, and more! Sources: Tim Wadsworth, "Is Immigration Responsible for the Crime Drop? An Assessment on the Influence of Immigration on Changes in Violent Crime Between 1990 and 2000," Social Science Quarterly 91, 2 (2010) Dara Lind and German Lopez, "16 Theories for Why Crime Plummeted in the US," Vox, available at https://www.vox.com/2015/2/13/8032231/crime-drop John Gramlich, "Voters Perceptions of Crime Continue to Conflict with Reality," Pew, available at https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2016/11/16/voters-perceptions-of-crime-continue-to-conflict-with-reality/ John Gramlich, "What We Know About the Increase in Murder in 2020," Pew, available at https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2021/10/27/what-we-know-about-the-increase-in-u-s-murders-in-2020/ Dennis Thompson, U.S. Violent Crime Rate Drops Significantly Since 1980s; Reduction may be due to programs that try to break cycle of violence, experts say. Available at Gale OneFile.  German Lopez, "Mass incarceration in America, explained in 22 maps and charts," Vox 11 October 2016, https://www.vox.com/2015/7/13/8913297/mass-incarceration-maps-charts   Associated Press, "In 90's, Prison Building by States and U.S. Government Surged," The New York Times 8 August 1997. https://www.nytimes.com/1997/08/08/us/in-90-s-prison-building-by-states-and-us-government-surged.html   NY Demographics https://www.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/planning-level/nyc-population/historical-population/nyc_total_pop_1900-2010.pdf  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisiana_State_Penitentiary  Rosie Blunt, "Rikers Island: Tales from inside New York's notorious jail," BBC News 20 October 2019. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-50114468  Caroline Delbert, "Forced Exile: The World's Dubious History of Prison Islands," Popular Mechanics 15 February 2023, https://www.popularmechanics.com/culture/a42665100/history-of-prison-islands/   Jake Malooley, "John Carpenter is Scared," Esquire, available at https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/movies/a34518538/john-carpenter-2020-interview-coronavirus-trump-they-live-the-thing/ Rotten Tomatoes, Escape from New York: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1006717-escape_from_new_york WIkipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escape_from_New_York Siskel and Ebert Review, available at https://youtu.be/xW-JL58fQQk?si=jadAn9OME4P604ks Britannica: https://www.britannica.com/technology/telex 

This week we're going back to the 1790s with Love and Friendship! Join us as we learn about marriage practices, loyalists in Britain, "bad air", influenza, and more! Sources: RB Outhwaite, "Age at Marriage in England From the Late Seventeenth to the Nineteenth Century," Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 1972. Maya Jasanoff, Liberty's Exiles: American Loyalists in the Revolutionary World. Excerpt available at https://www.amrevmuseum.org/read-the-revolution/liberty-s-exiles Benjamin H. Irvin, "Tar and Feathers in Revolutionary America." Available at https://revolution.h-net.msu.edu/essays/irvin.feathers.html#10 Nathaniel Philbrick, "The Worst Parade Ever to the Hit the Streets of Boston," Smithsonian Magazine, available at https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-worst-parade-to-ever-hit-the-streets-of-boston-12934258/ Margaret DeLacy, "The Conceptualization of Influenza in Eighteenth-Century Britain: Specificity and Contagion," Bulletin of the History of Medicine 67, no.1 (1993): 74-118. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44444169  Mary J. Dobson, "Contours of death: disease, mortality, and the environment in early modern England," Health Transition Review 2 (1992): 77-95. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40651902  Ken Hiltner, "Representing Air Pollution in Early Modern London," in What Else is Pastoral? Renaissance Literature and the Environment (Cornell University Press). https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7591/j.ctt7v88q.9  Bill Luckin, "' The Heart and Home of Horror': The Great London Fogs of the Late Nineteenth Century," Social History 28, no.1 (2003): 31-48. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4286944  "Great Fgg in and about London.," National Intelligencer 4 May 1814, Gale Primary Sources: Nineteenth Century U.S. Newspapers.  https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/love_and_friendship  https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/love-and-friendship-2016 

This week we're traveling to turn-of-the-century Mexico with the Dance of the 41! Join us as we learn about opinion polling, Amada Diaz, euphemisms for homosexuality, and more! Sources: Tom W. Smith, "The First Straw? A Study of the Origins of Election Polls," Public Opinion Quarterly 54 (1990) Campbell Rhodes, "A Brief History of Opinion Polls," Available at https://www.moadoph.gov.au/explore/stories/history/a-brief-history-of-opinion-polls Manuel Bettancourt Review, Dance of the 41, Variety. Available at https://variety.com/2021/film/news/dance-of-the-forty-one-review-el-baile-de-los-41-1234983809/ Rotten Tomatoes, available at https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/dance_of_the_41 Lucas E. Espinoza and Rosalva Resendiz, "Los Secretos de la Redada de los 41: A Sociohistorical Analysis of a Gay Signifier," NACCS Annual Conference Proceedings, 6 (2018). https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1197&context=naccs  Thaddeus Morgan, "41 Has a Secret Meaning in Mexico, Thanks to a Queer Underground Ball," History, https://www.history.com/news/dance-of-41-mexico-gay-history  Carlos Monsiváis, "De las variedades de la experincia homoerotica," Debate Feminista 35, (2007): 163-92. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42624981  Carlos Monsiváis, Renato Leduc, "Los iguales, los semejantes, los (hasta hace un minuto) perfectos desconocidos (A cien años de la Redada de los 41)," Debate Feminista 24 (2001): 301-27. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42625415   Milada Bazant, "Cronica de un Baile Clandestino," in Tradiciones y conflictos: historias de la vido cotidiana en Mexico e Hispanoamerica eds. Pilar Gonzalbo Aizpuro and Milada Bazant (El Colegio de Mexico). https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv47wbxj.14  Google Ngram, "Amor Socratico": https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=amor+socr%C3%A1tico&year_start=1800&year_end=2019&case_insensitive=on&corpus=es-2019&smoothing=3 Edward Carpenter, "Homogenic Love and its Place in a Free Society," 1894, full text available at https://archive.org/details/homogenic-love-and-its-place-in-a-free-s/page/n3/mode/2up Jeffrey Weeks, Sex, Politics, and Society: The Regulation of Sexuality Since 1800, Third Edition. Pearson, 2012  

This week we're going back to 1960s Europe with The Man From UNCLE! Join us as we learn about black market weapons, kidnapped scientists, amphibious cars, CIA recruitment, and more! Sources: "Nazis and Axis Collaborators Were Used to Further US Anti-Communist Objectives in Europe; Some Immigrated to the United States," Report by the Comptroller of the United States, 1985. Available at https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP87M01152R000300410001-8.pdf CIA Tried to Get Mafia to Kill Castro: Documents. Reuters, available at https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cia-secrets-idUSN2636255220070626 Kidnapping of Dr. Walter Linse: https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/openness-russia-and-eastern-europe-intelligence/2022-05-11/secret-war-germany-cias  ""Kidnapped" scientist is back at Soviet Embassy," The Times of India (19 September 1967): 7.  "West German Rocket Act Kidnapped," The Arizona Post (Tucson, AZ), 5 October 1962, 3. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82000867/1962-10-05/ed-1/seq-3/  "Israeli Held by Swiss; Claim Bid To 'Coerce' German Scientists," The Jerusalem Post (17 March 1963): 1.  Barry Rubin and Wolfgang G. Schwanitz, Nazis, Islamists, and the Making of the Modern Middle East (Yale University Press, 2014). https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt5vkz54.15 TV Tropes: "Kidnapped Scientist," https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/KidnappedScientist  "Remarks By President Barack Obama In Prague As Delivered," 5 April 2009, (Prague, Czech Republic), https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/remarks-president-barack-obama-prague-delivered  Sue Branford, "Nuclear secret is out," The Observer (28 June 1981): 11.  Siegfried Buschschluter, "Bonn denial on S. Africa arms," The Guardian (15 August 1977): 6.  Anthony Tucker, "Terrorist nuclear bombs 'feasible'," The Guardian (24 December 1973): 4.  "The Amphibious Car that Lyndon Johnson Used to Prank People," available at https://rarehistoricalphotos.com/amphicar-president-johnson-1960s/ "8 Amphibious Cars You Never Knew Existed," available at https://www.wilsonvilletoyota.com/blog/social/fun/8-amphibious-cars-you-never-knew-existed/ IMDB https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1638355/?ref_=ttfc_fc_tt  Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Man_from_U.N.C.L.E._(film)  Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_man_from_uncle  Glenn Kenny, "The Man from U.N.C.L.E." Roger Ebert . com (11 August 2015), https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/the-man-from-uncle-2015  Peter Bradshaw, "The Man from UNCLE review: Style paired with deathly boring substance," The Guardian (11 August 2015). https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/aug/11/the-man-from-uncle-review-style-paired-with-deathly-boring-substance  Julie Miller, "The Fall of Armie Hammer: A Family Saga of Sex, Money, Drugs, and Betrayal," Vanity Fair (11 March 2021). https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2021/03/the-fall-of-armie-hammer-a-family-saga-of-sex-money-drugs-and-betrayal  

*Note: We decided to delay our planned episode for this week, so instead we are releasing one of the bonus episodes from our Patreon feed. Sources: Pamela D Arcineaux, "The Storyville Madam Who Challenged Jim Crow, and Won," The Historic New Orleans Collection, available at https://www.hnoc.org/publications/first-draft/storyville-madam-who-challenged-jim-crow-and-won Storyville Guidebooks to Sin, Images Available at https://www.hnoc.org/virtual/storyville/guidebooks-sin "The Sex Workers of Storyville," The Historic New Orleans Collection, available at https://www.hnoc.org/virtual/storyville/sex-workers-storyville Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/tv/interview_with_the_vampire/s01 Caroline Framke, https://variety.com/2022/tv/reviews/interview-with-the-vampire-review-amc-anne-rice-1235388669/  Gilbert King, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-portrait-of-sensitivity-a-photographer-in-storyville-new-orleans-forgotten-burlesque-quarter-166324443/ "Brothels & Music"  The Historic New Orleans Collection, https://www.hnoc.org/virtual/storyville/music-and-musicians Jelly Roll Morton to Earle Cornwall, 27 April 1938, http://hnoc.minisisinc.com/thnoc/catalog/3/1214  Light Townsend Cummins, Judith Kelleher Schafer, Edward F. Haas, and Michael L. Kurtz, Louisiana: A History (Malden, MA:Wiley Blackwell, 2014, 6th edition) 313-15.