History Distilled

It was meant to be a swift, surgical strike deep in enemy territory. But for the American soldiers raiding Staten Island, the mission quickly devolved into a desperate, bloody fight for survival—not just against the British, but against their own countrymen.This is the story of the Battle of Staten Island, one of the most chaotic and overlooked engagements of the American Revolution. On August 22, 1777, General John Sullivan launched an ambitious amphibious assault that spiraled out of control.#AmericanRevolution #MilitaryHistory #USHistory #BattleofStatenIsland

What happens when an army is ordered to attack in total darkness with only bayonets? In the dead of night on September 20, 1777, British forces under Major General Charles "No-Flint" Grey did just that, launching one of the most brutal surprise attacks of the Revolutionary War.In this video, we uncover the full story of the Battle of Paoli, also known as the Paoli Massacre. We'll explore the controversial tactics that led to a devastating American defeat and how the cry "Remember Paoli!" became a powerful source of vengeance for the Continental Army.#MilitaryHistory #AmericanRevolution #PaoliMassacre

It's one of the great 'what ifs' of the American Revolution. In September 1777, just days after a stinging defeat at the Battle of Brandywine, George Washington's battered Continental Army turned to face the British once more. A second major battle was imminent, and with it, the potential for a decisive blow that could have crushed the rebellion.But the battle that was supposed to happen... never did.Join us as we uncover the forgotten story of the Battle of the Clouds, a bizarre and pivotal moment in the Philadelphia Campaign. We'll explore how two powerful armies, poised for a bloody engagement, were stopped not by cannons or cavalry, but by an enemy neither side could fight: a torrential, storm of biblical proportions.In this episode, you'll discover:The desperate strategic situation facing Washington as he tried to defend Philadelphia.How a sudden, violent nor'easter turned the battlefield into an impassable swamp.The devastating effect of the rain, which ruined thousands of cartridges and rendered muskets useless.How this "non-battle" became Washington's miracle, allowing his army to escape, regroup, and fight another day.Was it divine intervention that saved the Continental Army, or just the dumb luck of the weather? Watch now and decide for yourself.

Witness the chaos, the miscalculations, and the incredible bravery that defined one of the American Revolution's most pivotal battles! Learn how General George Washington's army faced near annihilation at Brandywine, and how a combination of cunning British strategy and crucial American intelligence failures almost led to a crushing defeat.This episode dives deep into the Battle of Brandywine, fought on September 11, 1777. Discover General Howe's controversial decision to target Philadelphia instead of supporting Burgoyne, the arduous sea journey that weakened his forces, and Washington's desperate scramble to defend the capital. We'll explore the fatal flaw in American intelligence that allowed Howe to execute a devastating flanking maneuver, and the heroic rear-guard action by General Nathanael Greene that ultimately saved the Continental Army from complete destruction. Uncover the human cost of the battle, its immediate strategic consequences, and the critical lessons Washington learned that would shape the rest of the war.

Step back to 1777 and witness the dramatic opening moves of the Philadelphia Campaign.Join History Distilled as we explore the often-overlooked Battle of Cooch's Bridge – where a small American force stood against a mighty British army, buying precious time for Washington and shaping the future of the war. Discover General Howe's disastrous sea voyage, the formation of Washington's elite light infantry, and the brutal hit-and-run tactics that defined this critical early engagement. Learn about the clash between European professionalism and American adaptability, and how a seemingly minor battle had major consequences. Don't miss this deep dive into the true cost of British miscalculation!#AmericanRevolution #CoochsBridge #HistoryDistilled #MilitaryHistory #RevolutionaryWar #GeorgeWashington #GeneralHowe #ContinentalArmy #BattleHistory #PhiladelphiaCampaign

Uncover the pivotal moment that reshaped the American Revolutionary War ! This look into the Second Battle of Saratoga, also known as the Battle of Bemis Heights, reveals the desperate gamble of British General Burgoyne and the decisive attack that sealed an American victory.Explore the ill-fated British three-pronged attack to control the Hudson River Valley, the American scorched-earth tactics that hindered Burgoyne's advance, and the crucial role of fortifications designed by Tadeusz Kościuszko. Discover the fierce fighting at Freeman's Farm, the desperate British plight for reinforcements, and the climactic second engagement on October 7th that saw the Americans, despite internal friction, achieve a coordinated offensive. Learn about the mortal wound dealt to General Simon Fraser and Benedict Arnold's controversial but impactful return to the field, leading to the capture of key British redoubts. The story concludes with the devastating British casualties, Burgoyne's eventual surrender at Saratoga, and how this monumental victory became the critical turning point that convinced France to formally ally with the American cause, transforming the colonial rebellion into a global conflict.

1777: A grand British plan to crush the American rebellion is set in motion. What could possibly go wrong? Dive into the brutal realities of the American frontier and discover the untold story of the Battle of Freeman's Farm, the first clash of Saratoga.This episode explores the First Battle of Saratoga, also known as the Battle of Freeman's Farm, a pivotal moment in the American Revolutionary War. We'll examine:The British Strategy: Learn about the audacious plan to sever New England from the other colonies and why it ultimately failed.The American Defense: Discover how General Horatio Gates and his forces, including the renowned Morgan's riflemen, strategically defended Bemis Heights.The Bloody Farm: Witness the intense, all day long struggle for Freeman's Farm.Key Figures: Understand the roles of figures like Lieutenant General John Burgoyne, General Horatio Gates, and Benedict Arnold.The Aftermath: Explore the immediate consequences of the battle, including casualties, strategic shifts, and the simmering tensions within the American command.Join us to uncover the details of this crucial engagement that set the stage for the American victory at Saratoga!

In 1777, the British besieged Fort Stanwix as part of a larger plan to control the Hudson River Valley. American forces, led by Colonel Peter Gansevoort, defended the fort. A relief effort led by Brigadier General Nicholas Herkimer was ambushed at the Battle of Oriskany, but a raid by Willett from the fort caused the British allies to abandon their camps.The siege became a stalemate, with British morale declining due to losses, broken promises, and the slow pace of siege warfare. Meanwhile, Lieutenant Colonel Willett successfully left the fort to seek further aid. General Philip Schuyler then dispatched Major General Benedict Arnold to lead a second relief force.Arnold, upon learning of the fort's precarious situation, devised a deception. He used a captured, eccentric Loyalist named Hon Yost Schuyler to spread exaggerated rumors about the size of his approaching army. This tactic, coupled with Hon Yost's strange charisma and corroborating Oneida messengers, caused panic among the already demoralized Indigenous allies, leading to mass desertions from St. Leger's forces.On August 22, 1777, St. Leger was forced to lift the siege and retreat in disarray, abandoning significant equipment and artillery. Arnold arrived at Fort Stanwix the next day, and though his pursuit was unsuccessful, St. Leger's expedition ultimately failed, unable to achieve its objectives in the Saratoga campaign.Works citedThe Siege of Fort Stanwix - Americana Corner, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/fort-stanwixBattle of Oriskany and Siege of Fort Stanwix - Revolutionary War Journal, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/battle-of-oriskany-and-siege-of-fort-stanwix-brutal-civil-war-that-helped-save-a-nation/2>r?H/l3S'73b - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/publications/sara/drr-saratoga-campaign.pdfBritish Begin the Saratoga Campaign - Americana Corner, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/saratogaBattles of Saratoga - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles_of_SaratogaSaratoga Campaign 1777 | American Revolutionary War, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/campaigns/1777-saratoga-campaign/SARATOGA - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/handbooks/historical/4-1950.pdfThe Saratoga Campaign | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/saratoga-campaignSaratoga campaign - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saratoga_campaignThe Battle of Fort Stanwix - ArcGIS StoryMaps, accessed April 22, 2025, https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/61487a224f784512acd60dda17ecfb8fThe Impact of the Saratoga Campaign of 1777 Upon the Communities of Upstate New York During the American Revolution, accessed April 22, 2025, https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1022&context=le_etdsEpisode 151 St. Leger Expedition - American Revolution Podcast, accessed April 22, 2025, http://blog.amrevpodcast.com/2020/05/episode-151-st-leger-expedition.htmlFort Stanwix - American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/fort-stanwixFort Stanwix - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_StanwixFoundation Document Overview - Fort Stanwix National Monument - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://www.npshistory.com/publications/foundation-documents/fost-fd-overview.pdfHistory & Culture - Fort Stanwix National Monument (U.S. National Park Service), accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/fost/learn/historyculture/index.htmFort Stanwix National Monument - The Past, accessed April 22, 2025, https://the-past.com/review/museum/fort-stanwix-national-monument/Cycle the Erie: At Fort Stanwix, Rome, Time Travel Back to America's Colonial, Native American Past | Going Places, Far & Near, accessed April 22, 2025, https://goingplacesfarandnear.com/cycle-the-erie-at-fort-stanwix-rome-time-travel-back-to-americas-colonial-native-american-past/The Story Behind the “Story of the Fort That Never Surrendered ..., accessed April 22, 2025, https://researchingtheamericanrevolution.com/2024/12/27/the-story-behind-the-story-of-the-fort-that-never-surrendered/Siege of Fort Stanwix - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_StanwixThe Battle at Oriskany - Oneida Nation, accessed April 22, 2025, https://oneida-nsn.gov/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/12.1-09.08.10-The-Battle-at-Oriskany.pdfPark Archives: Fort Stanwix National Monument - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, https://npshistory.com/publications/fost/index.htmFORT STANWIX - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/publications/fost/cmh-hfs-hsr.pdfFort Stanwix - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, https://npshistory.com/publications/fost/brochures/1979.pdfPeter Gansevoort (U.S. National Park Service), accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/people/peter-gansevoort.htmSiege of Fort Stanwix - American Revolutionary War, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-fort-stanwix/Peter Gansevoort of the 3rd New York, accessed April 22, 2025, http://www.nyhistory.net/drums/gansevoort.htmPeter Gansevoort Portrait (U.S. National Park Service), accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/peter-gansev...

The Battle of Oriskany, fought on August 6, 1777, was a bloody and pivotal battle of the American Revolutionary War. It occurred in the Mohawk Valley of New York. American militiamen and their Oneida allies were ambushed by British forces, Loyalists, and other Iroquois nations. The battle was characterized by intense, close-quarters fighting and high casualties on both sides. While not a clear tactical victory for either side, it had significant strategic consequences, contributing to the failure of the British campaign in the region and ultimately aiding the American victory at Saratoga. It also tragically marked a significant moment of division within the Iroquois Confederacy.Works citedHistory & Culture - Fort Stanwix National Monument (U.S. National Park Service), accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/fost/learn/historyculture/index.htmBattle of Oriskany | American Revolutionary War, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-of-oriskany/The Battle of Oriskany: "Blood Shed a Stream Running Down" (Teaching with Historic Places) - National Park Service, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/the-battle-of-oriskany-blood-shed-a-stream-running-down-teaching-with-historic-places.htmNicholas Herkimer (HER-kuh-mer) - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Herkimer (HER-kuh-mer)Battle of Oriskany | Revolutionary War, Mohawk Valley, Patriot Victory - Britannica, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-OriskanyBattle of Oriskany and Siege of Fort Stanwix - Revolutionary War Journal, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/battle-of-oriskany-and-siege-of-fort-stanwix-brutal-civil-war-that-helped-save-a-nation/The Battle of Oriskany: A Civil War in New York - TheCollector, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.thecollector.com/battle-oriskany-american-revolution/Battle of Oriskany Creek | EBSCO Research Starters, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/military-history-and-science/battle-oriskany-creekBattles of Saratoga - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles_of_SaratogaSaratoga Campaign 1777 | American Revolutionary War, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/campaigns/1777-saratoga-campaign/Saratoga Campaign - World History Encyclopedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.worldhistory.org/article/2384/saratoga-campaign/Oriskany | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/oriskanyBritish Begin the Saratoga Campaign - Americana Corner, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/saratogaSaratoga campaign - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saratoga_campaign2>r?H/l3S'73b - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/publications/sara/drr-saratoga-campaign.pdfThe Siege of Fort Stanwix - Americana Corner, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/fort-stanwixEpisode 151 St. Leger Expedition - American Revolution Podcast, accessed April 22, 2025, http://blog.amrevpodcast.com/2020/05/episode-151-st-leger-expedition.htmlFort Stanwix | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/fort-stanwixSiege of Fort Stanwix - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_StanwixThe Story Behind the “Story of the Fort That Never Surrendered” - Researching the American Revolution, accessed April 22, 2025, https://researchingtheamericanrevolution.com/2024/12/27/the-story-behind-the-story-of-the-fort-that-never-surrendered/The Oriskany Battle of Oneida Hanyery and Mohawk Joseph Brant, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.oneidaindiannation.com/the-oriskany-battle-of-oneida-hanyery-and-mohawk-joseph-brant/Oriskany Battlefield State Historic Site, accessed April 22, 2025, https://parks.ny.gov/historic-sites/oriskanybattlefield/details.aspxBattle of Oriskany - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_OriskanySiege of Fort Stanwix - American Revolutionary War, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-fort-stanwix/Siege 1777: The British Allied Forces - National Park Service, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/fost/blogs/siege-1777-the-british-allied-forces.htmSiege 1777: The British Allied Forces - Fort Stanwix National ..., accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/fost/blogs/siege-1777-the-british-allied-forces.htm?fbclid=IwAR3ckmxgJMed1YZmF2SfjkjAZGUeYnrrDi5Wp2gRoRCUQGjdysh9ZN-fkRQThe Battle at Oriska - National Park Service, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/the-battle-at-oriska.htmNicholas Herkimer (HER-kuh-mer) | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/nicholas-Herkimer (HER-kuh-mer)The Aftermath of the Battle of Oriskany — Americana Corner, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/battle-of-oriskany-aftermathLieutenant Colonel Willett's Sortie - National Park Service, accessed April 22, 2025,

In 1777, the British planned to isolate New England by controlling New York's Hudson River Valley. This involved a three-pronged attack converging on Albany. Lieutenant Colonel Barry St. Leger was to lead a western expedition through the Mohawk Valley, a crucial area for agriculture, trade, and the Iroquois Confederacy.Fort Stanwix, an abandoned British fort, became strategically vital as it guarded the Oneida Carrying Place, connecting the Mohawk River to Lake Ontario. The Americans, recognizing the threat, sent Colonel Peter Gansevoort to rebuild and garrison the fort with about 550-600 men. They worked to repair the fort's defenses under harassment from enemy parties and pressure from the impending British advance.St. Leger's force, numbering 1600-1900 men, was a diverse group of British regulars, Loyalists, Canadian militia, and Iroquois warriors from the Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, and Onondaga nations. However, the Oneida and Tuscarora nations sided with the Americans, causing a split within the Iroquois Confederacy. This division created weaknesses within St. Leger's coalition.Upon arriving at Fort Stanwix, St. Leger attempted to intimidate the Americans into surrendering, but Colonel Gansevoort refused. St. Leger's bombardment proved ineffective due to inadequate artillery. The initial days of the siege saw minor skirmishes. St. Leger's miscalculation regarding the fort's condition and the garrison's resolve hindered the British efforts.Works citedThe Siege of Fort Stanwix - Americana Corner, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/fort-stanwixBattle of Oriskany and Siege of Fort Stanwix - Revolutionary War Journal, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/battle-of-oriskany-and-siege-of-fort-stanwix-brutal-civil-war-that-helped-save-a-nation/2>r?H/l3S'73b - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/publications/sara/drr-saratoga-campaign.pdfBritish Begin the Saratoga Campaign - Americana Corner, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/saratogaBattles of Saratoga - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles_of_SaratogaSaratoga Campaign 1777 | American Revolutionary War, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/campaigns/1777-saratoga-campaign/SARATOGA - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/handbooks/historical/4-1950.pdfThe Saratoga Campaign | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/saratoga-campaignSaratoga campaign - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saratoga_campaignThe Battle of Fort Stanwix - ArcGIS StoryMaps, accessed April 22, 2025, https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/61487a224f784512acd60dda17ecfb8fThe Impact of the Saratoga Campaign of 1777 Upon the Communities of Upstate New York During the American Revolution, accessed April 22, 2025, https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1022&context=le_etdsEpisode 151 St. Leger Expedition - American Revolution Podcast, accessed April 22, 2025, http://blog.amrevpodcast.com/2020/05/episode-151-st-leger-expedition.htmlFort Stanwix - American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/fort-stanwixFort Stanwix - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_StanwixFoundation Document Overview - Fort Stanwix National Monument - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://www.npshistory.com/publications/foundation-documents/fost-fd-overview.pdfHistory & Culture - Fort Stanwix National Monument (U.S. National Park Service), accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/fost/learn/historyculture/index.htmFort Stanwix National Monument - The Past, accessed April 22, 2025, https://the-past.com/review/museum/fort-stanwix-national-monument/Cycle the Erie: At Fort Stanwix, Rome, Time Travel Back to America's Colonial, Native American Past | Going Places, Far & Near, accessed April 22, 2025, https://goingplacesfarandnear.com/cycle-the-erie-at-fort-stanwix-rome-time-travel-back-to-americas-colonial-native-american-past/The Story Behind the “Story of the Fort That Never Surrendered ..., accessed April 22, 2025, https://researchingtheamericanrevolution.com/2024/12/27/the-story-behind-the-story-of-the-fort-that-never-surrendered/Siege of Fort Stanwix - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_StanwixThe Battle at Oriskany - Oneida Nation, accessed April 22, 2025, https://oneida-nsn.gov/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/12.1-09.08.10-The-Battle-at-Oriskany.pdfPark Archives: Fort Stanwix National Monument - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, https://npshistory.com/publications/fost/index.htmFORT STANWIX - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/publications/fost/cmh-hfs-hsr.pdfFort Stanwix - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, https://npshistory.com/publications/fost/brochures/1979.pdfPeter Gansevoort (U.S. National Park Service), accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/people/peter-gansevoort.htmSiege of Fort Stanwix - American Revolutionary War, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-fort-stanwix/Peter Gansevoort of the 3rd New York, accessed April 22, 2025, http://www.nyhistory.net/drums/gansevoort.htmPeter Gansevoort Portrait (U.S. National Park Service), accessed April 22, 2025,

In the summer of 1777, British General Burgoyne launched a campaign to sever New England from the American colonies. Seeking supplies at Bennington, Vermont, he sent Lieutenant Colonel Baum with a mixed force. However, contrary to Burgoyne's expectations, a large militia led by General Stark was waiting. The Battle of Bennington ensued, resulting in a decisive American victory, where the Americans captured weapons and supplies. This battle significantly weakened Burgoyne's army, impacting his campaign and boosting American morale.Thanks to Google Gemini for helping research the subject matter and generating the illustrations used in this video.Works citedBattle of Oriskany and Siege of Fort Stanwix - Revolutionary War Journal, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/battle-of-oriskany-and-siege-of-fort-stanwix-brutal-civil-war-that-helped-save-a-nation/Saratoga Campaign 1777 | American Revolutionary War, accessed April 22, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/campaigns/1777-saratoga-campaign/2>r?H/l3S'73b - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/publications/sara/drr-saratoga-campaign.pdfBritish Begin the Saratoga Campaign - Americana Corner, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/saratogaBattles of Saratoga - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles_of_SaratogaBennington | Aug 16, 1777 | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/maps/bennington-aug-16-1777Bennington Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/benningtonBattle of Bennington - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_BenningtonBattle of Bennington (1777) | Location, Description, & Casualties ..., accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Bennington-1777Battle of Bennington | George Washington's Mount Vernon, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/battle-of-benningtonBattle of Bennington - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.bobfarley.us/1777freedomsgateway/1777patriottrail/Battle%20of%20Bennington%20-%20Wikipedia.pdfJohn Burgoyne | George Washington's Mount Vernon, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/john-burgoyneAttacks by Patriot irregulars doomed John Burgoyne's invading British army, accessed April 22, 2025, https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/attacks-by-patriot-irregulars-doomed-john-burgoynes-invading-british-army/Battle Timeline | Battles of Saratoga 250 - America's Turning Point, accessed April 22, 2025, https://saratoga250.com/discover/timeline-battles-saratoga/Baum Site 2: To the Bridge - Lakes to Locks Passage, accessed April 22, 2025, https://passageport.org/journey/road-to-the-battle-of-bennington/baum-site-2-to-the-bridge/The Battle of Bennington: An American Victory (Teaching with ..., accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/articles/the-battle-of-bennington-an-american-victory-teaching-with-historic-places.htmEpisode 151 St. Leger Expedition - American Revolution Podcast, accessed April 22, 2025, http://blog.amrevpodcast.com/2020/05/episode-151-st-leger-expedition.htmlSaratoga campaign - Wikipedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saratoga_campaignFort Stanwix - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, https://npshistory.com/publications/fost/brochures/1979.pdfThe Siege of Fort Stanwix - Americana Corner, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/fort-stanwixThe Battle of Fort Stanwix - ArcGIS StoryMaps, accessed April 22, 2025, https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/61487a224f784512acd60dda17ecfb8fSaratoga Campaign - World History Encyclopedia, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.worldhistory.org/article/2384/saratoga-campaign/SARATOGA - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/handbooks/historical/4-1950.pdfJim Dick Saratoga: The Turning Point of the American Revolution - The Saber and Scroll Journal, accessed April 22, 2025, https://saberandscroll.scholasticahq.com/article/28462-saratoga-the-turning-point-of-the-american-revolution/attachment/71814.pdfVisit Bennington Battlefield, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/visit/battlefields/bennington-battlefieldThe Saratoga Campaign | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 22, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/saratoga-campaignFORT STANWIX - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://npshistory.com/publications/fost/cmh-hfs-hsr.pdfThe Story Behind the “Story of the Fort That Never Surrendered ..., accessed April 22, 2025, https://researchingtheamericanrevolution.com/2024/12/27/the-story-behind-the-story-of-the-fort-that-never-surrendered/Foundation Document Overview - Fort Stanwix National Monument - NPS History, accessed April 22, 2025, http://www.npshistory.com/publications/foundation-documents/fost-fd-overview...

This episode details the events surrounding the Battle of Fort Ann during the American Revolutionary War. It describes the British pursuit of American forces after the evacuation of Fort Ticonderoga, leading to a confrontation at Fort Ann. Despite being outnumbered, the British held their ground until a ruse led to the American retreat. While the British technically won the battle, the American actions, including the battle itself and subsequent road obstructions, significantly delayed Burgoyne's army, impacting the overall Saratoga campaign. The episode also discusses the strategic importance of this delay, allowing American forces to regroup and prepare for further engagements.Thanks to Google Gemini for helping research the subject matter and generating the illustrations used in this video.Works citedBritish Begin the Saratoga Campaign - Americana Corner, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/saratogaSaratoga Campaign - World History Encyclopedia, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.worldhistory.org/article/2384/saratoga-campaign/Burgoyne's Campaign: June-October 1777 - National Park Service, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/articles/burgoyne-s-campaign-june-october-1777.htmSiege of Fort Ticonderoga (1777) | Description & Significance | Britannica, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.britannica.com/event/Siege-of-Fort-TiconderogaThe Fall of Fort Ticonderoga in July 1777 - New York Almanack, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.newyorkalmanack.com/2023/07/the-fall-of-fort-ticonderoga-in-july-1777/Battle of Fort Anne | American Revolutionary War, accessed April 8, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-fort-anne/The American Revolution and the Battle of Fort Ann, accessed April 8, 2025, http://www.clankerr.org/the-american-revolution-and-the-battle-of-fort-ann.htmlBattle of Fort Anne - Wikipedia, accessed April 8, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_AnneFort Ann Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/fort-annBattle of Fort Ann | Fort Ann, NY 12827 - ILoveNY.com, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.iloveny.com/listing/battle-of-fort-ann/31287/Fort Anne: Remembering the Continental Army's First Stand Against ..., accessed April 8, 2025, https://allthingsliberty.com/2017/03/fort-anne-remembering-continental-armys-first-stand-burgoyne/Battles of Saratoga - Wikipedia, accessed April 8, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles_of_SaratogaSaratoga Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/saratogaHistoric Saratoga | EBSCO Research Starters, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/history/historic-saratogaJohn Burgoyne: Campaign to Saratoga - Warfare History Network, accessed April 8, 2025, https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/john-burgoyne-campaign-to-saratoga/Battle of Saratoga | George Washington's Mount Vernon, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/battle-of-saratogaSiege of Fort Ticonderoga (1777) - Wikipedia, accessed April 8, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_Ticonderoga_(1777)Staff Ride Handbook for the Saratoga Campaign, 13 June to 8 November 1777 - Army University Press, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.armyupress.army.mil/portals/7/educational-services/staff-rides/staff-ride-handbook-saratoga-campaign.pdfFort Ticonderoga (1777) Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/fort-ticonderoga-1777Episode 145 Retreat from Ticonderoga - American Revolution Podcast, accessed April 8, 2025, http://blog.amrevpodcast.com/2020/04/episode-145-retreat-from-ticonderoga.htmlBattle of Hubbardton | American Revolutionary War, accessed April 8, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-of-hubbardton/Fort Anne and Battle Hill - M.A. Kleen, accessed April 8, 2025, https://michaelkleen.com/2020/06/03/fort-anne-battlefield/www.battlefields.org, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/maps/fort-ann-july-8-1777#:~:text=The%20Battle%20of%20Fort%20Ann,pressure%20on%20the%20British%20flanks.American Battlefield Trust wants to save Fort Ann battlefield acreage, accessed April 8, 2025, https://fortannhistory.org/american-battlefield-trust-wants-to-save-fort-ann-battlefield-acreage/Fort Ann | Jul 8, 1777 - American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 8, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/maps/fort-ann-july-8-1777

In 1777, British forces aimed to control key waterways to divide the American colonies. After the Americans abandoned Fort Ticonderoga, a rear guard action unfolded at Hubbardton, Vermont. The battle saw intense fighting between American and British/German troops. Though the Americans suffered losses and ultimately retreated, their delay of the British advance allowed the main Continental Army to escape and regroup, making it a strategic, albeit costly, victory for the American cause.Thanks to Google Gemini for helping research the subject matter and generating the illustrations used in this video.Works citedBurgoyne's Campaign: June-October 1777 (U.S. National Park ..., accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/articles/burgoyne-s-campaign-june-october-1777.htmwww.nps.gov, accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/articles/burgoyne-s-campaign-june-october-1777.htm#:~:text=This%20plan%20became%20known%20to,along%20the%20Hudson%20to%20Albany.John Burgoyne | George Washington's Mount Vernon, accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/john-burgoyneSaratoga campaign - Wikipedia, accessed April 1, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saratoga_campaignThe Saratoga Campaign | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/saratoga-campaignGeneral Howe and General Burgoyne's Two-Pronged Attack in 1777 - Warfare History Network, accessed April 1, 2025, https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/general-howe-and-general-burgoynes-two-pronged-attack-in-1777/1777 Campaign - ArcGIS StoryMaps, accessed April 1, 2025, https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f7c98d3a72334fb89cb0c02285ba1a22Saratoga Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/saratogaRevolutionary War - Timeline, Facts & Battles | HISTORY, accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/american-revolution-historyFort Ticonderoga (1777) Battle Facts and Summary | American ..., accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/fort-ticonderoga-1777Siege of Fort Ticonderoga (1777) | Description & Significance ..., accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.britannica.com/event/Siege-of-Fort-TiconderogaBattle of Hubbardton: A Desperate Affair - Revolutionary War Journal, accessed April 1, 2025, https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/battle-of-hubbardton-july-7-1777/Battle of Hubbardton - Wikipedia, accessed April 1, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_HubbardtonTi's Evacuation and the Battle of Hubbardton - Journal of the ..., accessed April 1, 2025, https://allthingsliberty.com/2014/07/tis-evacuation-and-the-battle-of-hubbardton/Hubbardton Battlefield | State Historic Sites, accessed April 1, 2025, https://historicsites.vermont.gov/hubbardton-battlefieldRevolutionary weekend at Hubbardton battlefield | Vermont Business Magazine, accessed April 1, 2025, https://vermontbiz.com/news/2017/july/04/revolutionary-weekend-hubbardton-battlefieldBattle of Hubbardton: A Turning Point in the American Revolution - mister history, accessed April 1, 2025, https://mister-history.com/index.php/2023/11/26/battle-of-hubbardton-a-turning-point-in-the-american-revolution-2/Battle of Hubbardton | American Revolutionary War, accessed April 1, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-of-hubbardton/Battle of Hubbardton - British Battles, accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.britishbattles.com/war-of-the-revolution-1775-to-1783/battle-of-hubbardton/Battle of Hubbardton Historical Marker, accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=74470Hubbardton Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed April 1, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/hubbardtonrevolutionarywar.us, accessed April 1, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-of-hubbardton/#:~:text=Facts%20about%20the%20Battle%20of%20Hubbardton&text=Baron%20Friedrich%20A.,60%20killed%20and%20138%20wounded.Hubbardton Battlefield Research - Vermont State Historic Sites, accessed April 1, 2025, http://historicsites.vermont.gov/hubbardton-battlefield/researchvermonthistory.org, accessed April 1, 2025, https://vermonthistory.org/journal/misc/BattleOfHubbardton.pdfThe Battle of Hubbardton Vermont: A Crucial Chapter in the ..., accessed April 1, 2025, https://vermontmaturity.com/vermont-history/the-battle-of-hubbardton-vermont-a-crucial-chapter-in-the-revolutionary-war/vermontmaturity.com, accessed April 1, 2025, https://vermontmaturity.com/vermont-history/the-battle-of-hubbardton-vermont-a-crucial-chapter-in-the-revolutionary-war/#:~:text=While%20the%20Battle%20of%20Hubbardton,stronger%20defensive%20line%20further%20south.October 17, 1777 British Surrender at Saratoga: Turning Point of the American Revolutionary War - Constituting America, accessed April 1, 2025,

In 1777, British General Burgoyne led an army south from Canada aiming to capture Fort Ticonderoga, a strategically vital location. Despite its reputation as the "Gibraltar of the North," the fort had fallen into disrepair and the American defenses were inadequate. The British discovered Sugar Loaf Hill, a commanding height overlooking the fort, which the Americans had failed to defend. By placing artillery on this hill, the British made the fort indefensible. American General St. Clair, recognizing the futility of resistance, ordered a retreat, and the British captured Fort Ticonderoga without a major battle.Works citedFort Ticonderoga (1777) Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/fort-ticonderoga-1777Fort Ticonderoga, The Last Campaigns - Lender - Westholme Publishing, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.westholmepublishing.com/book/fort-ticonderoga-the-last-campaigns-lender/Fort Ticonderoga (1775) Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/fort-ticonderoga-17757 Revolutionary War Site Facts - Fort Ticonderoga, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.fortticonderoga.org/travelerstips/fort-ticonderoga-7-revolutionary-war-site-facts/Fort Ticonderoga - Wikipedia, accessed March 25, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_TiconderogaBattle of Fort Ticonderoga, 1775 | EBSCO Research Starters, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/military-history-and-science/battle-fort-ticonderoga-1775Fort Ticonderoga | American Battlefield Trust, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/fort-ticonderogaSaratoga Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/saratogaBritish Begin the Saratoga Campaign - Americana Corner, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/saratogaSaratoga Campaign 1777 | American Revolutionary War, accessed March 25, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/campaigns/1777-saratoga-campaign/Saratoga campaign - Wikipedia, accessed March 25, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saratoga_campaignBattle of Saratoga, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.saratoga.org/battle-of-saratoga/Siege of Fort Ticonderoga (1777) - Wikipedia, accessed March 25, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_Ticonderoga_(1777)Siege of Fort Ticonderoga (1777) | Description & Significance - Britannica, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.britannica.com/event/Siege-of-Fort-TiconderogaThe Siege of Fort Ticonderoga (1777) - American Battlefield Trust, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/siege-fort-ticonderoga-1777John Burgoyne | George Washington's Mount Vernon, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/john-burgoyneNational Affairs: CAMPAIGN OF 1777 | TIME, accessed March 25, 2025, https://time.com/archive/6824857/national-affairs-campaign-of-1777/en.wikipedia.org, accessed March 25, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_St._Clair#:~:text=In%20April%201777%2C%20St.,siege%20on%20July%205%2C%201777.Arthur St. Clair - Wikipedia, accessed March 25, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_St._ClairArthur St. Clair | American Battlefield Trust, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/arthur-st-clairWhy St. Clair?, accessed March 25, 2025, https://discoverstclair.com/traveling-the-backroads/why-st-clair/Battle of Fort Ticonderoga 1777, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.britishbattles.com/war-of-the-revolution-1775-to-1783/battle-of-ticonderoga-1777/Battle of Fort Ticonderago (Second) - American Revolutionary War, accessed March 25, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-fort-ticonderago-second/Fort Ticonderoga Falls to British - Americana Corner, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.americanacorner.com/blog/british-capture-fort-ticonderogaArthur St. Clair's Decision to Abandon Fort Ticonderoga and Mount Independence, accessed March 25, 2025, https://allthingsliberty.com/2016/05/arthur-st-clairs-decision-to-abandon-fort-ticonderoga-and-mount-independence/The Fall of Fort Ticonderoga in July 1777 - New York Almanack, accessed March 25, 2025, https://www.newyorkalmanack.com/2023/07/the-fall-of-fort-ticonderoga-in-july-1777/Fort Ticonderoga: Americans Abandoned The Gibraltar of the North Without a Fight, accessed March 25, 2025, https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/fort-ticonderoga-americans-abandoned-the-gibraltar-of-the-north-without-a-fight/Battle Timeline | Battles of Saratoga 250 - America's Turning Point, accessed March 25, 2025, https://saratoga250.com/discover/timeline-battles-saratoga/en.wikipedia.org, accessed March 25, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_Ticonderoga_(1777)#:~:text=The%20uncontested%20surrender%20of%20Ticonderoga,Schuyler%2C%20were%...

The Battle of Short Hills occurred near the end of June during the American Revolutionary War in 1777. The episode details how General Howe attempted to lure General Washington into a decisive battle, Washington's strategic defense, and Lord Stirling's stand against a larger British force, which allowed Washington's army to retreat safely. The battle resulted in a strategic victory for the Americans, halting the British offensive in New Jersey.Thanks to Google Gemini for helping research the subject matter and generating the illustrations used in this video.Works citedBattle of Short Hills - Wikipedia, accessed March 21, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Short_HillsScotch Plains Historic Sites - Revolutionary War New Jersey, accessed March 21, 2025, https://www.revolutionarywarnewjersey.com/new_jersey_revolutionary_war_sites/towns/scotch_plains_nj_revolutionary_war_sites.htmBattle of Short Hills Monument | Journey Through Jersey, accessed March 21, 2025, https://www.journeythroughjersey.com/sites/battle-short-hills-monument/Battle of Short Hills and Oak Tree Pond – Edison and Scotch Plains ..., accessed March 21, 2025, https://revolutionarynj.org/storyline_photo2/battle-of-short-hills-and-oak-tree-pond-edison-and-scotch-plains-nj/Battle of Short Hills | American Revolutionary War, accessed March 21, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-short-hills/gardenstatelegacy.com, accessed March 21, 2025, https://gardenstatelegacy.com/files/The_Battle_of_the_Short_Hills_Mayers_GSL13.pdfAmerican Revolution: Battle of Short Hills - ThoughtCo, accessed March 21, 2025, https://www.thoughtco.com/battle-of-short-hills-3963410revolutionarynj.org, accessed March 21, 2025, https://revolutionarynj.org/storyline_photo2/battle-of-short-hills-and-oak-tree-pond-edison-and-scotch-plains-nj/#:~:text=the%20American%20Revolution-,Battle%20of%20Short%20Hills%20and%20Oak%20Tree%20Pond%20%E2%80%93%20Edison%20and,positions%20in%20the%20Watchung%20Mountains.Preservation Victory at Short Hills Battlefield – Emerging ..., accessed March 21, 2025, https://emergingrevolutionarywar.org/2020/09/02/preservation-victory-at-short-hills-battlefield/Battle of The Short Hills - The Historical Marker Database, accessed March 21, 2025, https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=21858The Short Hills Battlefield Study - Metuchen-Edison Historical Society, accessed March 21, 2025, http://www.metuchen-edisonhistsoc.org/resources/The+Short+Hills+Battlefield+Study+12-2011+FINAL.pdfFreeholders Announce Battle of Short Hills Re-Enactment at Oak Ridge Park - UCNJ.org, accessed March 21, 2025, https://ucnj.org/press-releases/public-info/2017/05/08/freeholders-announce-battle-of-short-hills-re-enactment-at-oak-ridge-park/revolutionarywar.us, accessed March 21, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-short-hills/#:~:text=Facts%20about%20the%20Battle%20of%20Short%20Hills&text=British%20Forces%20was%20commanded%20by,approximately%2070%20killed%20or%20wounded.www.thoughtco.com, accessed March 21, 2025, https://www.thoughtco.com/battle-of-short-hills-3963410#:~:text=Battle%20of%20Short%20Hills%20%2D%20Aftermath,well%20as%20around%2070%20captured.Losses in The New Jersey Brigade at The Battles Of: Short Hills (June 26, 1777) Brandywine (September 11, 1777) Germantown (October 4, 1777) . | PDF - Scribd, accessed March 21, 2025, https://ro.scribd.com/document/130997982/Losses-in-the-New-Jersey-Brigade-at-the-Battles-of-Short-Hills-June-26-1777-Brandywine-September-11-1777-Germantown-October-4-1777www.thoughtco.com, accessed March 21, 2025, https://www.thoughtco.com/battle-of-short-hills-3963410#:~:text=Battle%20of%20Short%20Hills%20%2D%20Aftermath%3A&text=Though%20a%20tactical%20defeat%20for,to%20the%20protection%20of%20Middlebrook.ucnj.org, accessed March 21, 2025, https://ucnj.org/press-releases/public-info/2017/05/08/freeholders-announce-battle-of-short-hills-re-enactment-at-oak-ridge-park/#:~:text=This%20strategic%20victory%20prevented%20almost,all%20the%20way%20to%20Westfield.Once-in-a-Lifetime Chance to Witness History as Battle of Short Hills Unfolds at Oak Ridge Park in Clark - UCNJ.org, accessed March 21, 2025, https://ucnj.org/press-releases/public-info/2017/06/19/once-in-a-lifetime-chance-to-witness-history-as-battle-of-short-hills-unfolds-at-oak-ridge-park-in-clark/Battle of the Short Hills Historic Trail – County of Union - UCNJ.org, accessed March 21, 2025, https://ucnj.org/parks-recreation/paths-trails-greenways/battle-of-short-hills/

In April 1777, British forces under Lord Cornwallis launched a surprise attack on the Continental Army outpost at Bound Brook, New Jersey. This strategic location on the Raritan River was vital for controlling troop and supply movements. The outnumbered American forces were caught off guard, leading to a swift British victory. While the British captured supplies and routed the Americans, they quickly withdrew, allowing the Continental Army to regroup. This battle highlighted the vulnerability of detached outposts and led General Washington to consolidate his forces and strengthen defenses.Thanks to Google Gemini for helping research the subject matter and generating the illustrations used in this video.Works cited1. by Bob Mayers - Garden State Legacy, accessed March 11, 2025, https://gardenstatelegacy.com/files/Bloody_Bound_Brook_and_Lost_Hessian_Diary_Mayer_GSL21.pdf2. Battle of Bound Brook | American Revolutionary War, accessed March 11, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-bound-brook/3. American Revolution Battle of Bound Brook - NJ Skylands, accessed March 11, 2025, https://www.njskylands.com/history-bound-brook4. Battle of Bound Brook - Wikipedia, accessed March 11, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Bound_Brook5. Battle of Bound Brook - Clio, accessed March 11, 2025, https://theclio.com/entry/218736. Battle of Bound Brook - Abraham Staats House, accessed March 11, 2025, https://www.staatshouse.org/events/battle-of-bound-brook/7. History – Bound Brook, NJ, accessed March 11, 2025, https://boundbrook-nj.org/history/8. South Bound Brook Historic Sites - Revolutionary War New Jersey, accessed March 11, 2025, https://www.revolutionarywarnewjersey.com/new_jersey_revolutionary_war_sites/towns/south_bound_brook_nj_revolutionary_war_sites.htm

In 1777, the British aimed to crush the American rebellion with a two-pronged strategy: isolate New England by capturing Albany, New York, via a three-pronged attack led by Burgoyne, St. Leger, and expected support from Howe. Howe on the other hand wanted to capture Philadelphia to demoralize the Americans. It was the British commanders' lack of coordination and conflicting plans, especially Howe's decision to pursue Philadelphia instead of supporting Burgoyne, ultimately set the stage for crucial events in the Revolutionary War.Thanks to Google Gemini for helping research the subject matter and generating the illustrations used in this video.Works cited1. Revolutionary War Campaigns - U.S. Army Center of Military History, accessed March 7, 2025, https://history.army.mil/Research/Reference-Topics/Army-Campaigns/Brief-Summaries/Revolutionary-War-Campaigns/2. Saratoga campaign - Wikipedia, accessed March 7, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saratoga_campaign3. Revolutionary War Strategy | American Battlefield Trust, accessed March 7, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/revolutionary-war-strategy4. The Northern Campaign of 1777 - Fort Stanwix National Monument (U.S. National Park Service) - The American Revolutionary Episodic, or The Fort Stanwix Blog, accessed March 7, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/fost/blogs/the-northern-campaign-of-1777.htm5. en.wikipedia.org, accessed March 7, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saratoga_campaign#:~:text=The%20Saratoga%20campaign%20in%201777,during%20the%20American%20Revolutionary%20War.6. Saratoga Campaign - World History Encyclopedia, accessed March 7, 2025, https://www.worldhistory.org/article/2384/saratoga-campaign/7. The Saratoga Campaign | American Battlefield Trust, accessed March 7, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/saratoga-campaign8. 11g. The Battle of Saratoga - USHistory.org, accessed March 7, 2025, https://www.ushistory.org/us/11g.asp9. Siege 1777: The British Allied Forces - National Park Service, accessed March 7, 2025, https://www.nps.gov/fost/blogs/siege-1777-the-british-allied-forces.htm10. Philadelphia Campaign - World History Encyclopedia, accessed March 7, 2025, https://www.worldhistory.org/article/2399/philadelphia-campaign/11. Battles of Saratoga - Wikipedia, accessed March 7, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles_of_Saratoga12. Philadelphia campaign - Wikipedia, accessed March 7, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philadelphia_campaign13. Lesson Plans for the American Revolution - The Philadelphia Campaign, accessed March 7, 2025, https://www.historicalconquest.com/single-post/lesson-plans-for-the-american-revolution-the-philadelphia-campaign14. The Philadelphia Campaign of 1777: Background - USHistory.org, accessed March 7, 2025, https://www.ushistory.org/march/15. A superb map of the 1777 Philadelphia campaign - Rare & Antique Maps, accessed March 7, 2025, https://bostonraremaps.com/inventory/superb-map-1777-philadelphia-campaign/16. Saratoga A Military History of the Decisive Campaign of the American Revolution, accessed March 7, 2025, https://www.bobfarley.us/1777freedomsgateway/1777printbooks/Saratoga%20A%20Military%20History.pdf17. American Revolution - 1777 Saratoga Analysis - Army University Press, accessed March 7, 2025, https://www.armyupress.army.mil/Portals/7/educational-services/military-history/csi-battle-map-american-revolution-1777-saratoga-analysis.docx18. Philadelphia Campaign - Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia, accessed March 7, 2025, https://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/essays/philadelphia-campaign/19. Campaign analysis for 1776 - Army University Press, accessed March 7, 2025, https://www.armyupress.army.mil/Portals/7/educational-services/military-history/csi-battle-map-american-revolution-1776-analysis.docx

The New York/New Jersey Campaign of 1776-1777 was a crucial period in the American Revolutionary War. It involved key battles like Long Island, Trenton, and Princeton, showcasing the strategic maneuvers of both General George Washington and General William Howe. The campaign significantly impacted morale, with early British victories followed by American resurgences. It also resulted in substantial casualties and had profound strategic implications for the war's overall direction. Thanks to Google Gemini for helping research this episodeWorks cited1. Campaign analysis for 1776 - Army University Press, accessed February 27, 2025, https://www.armyupress.army.mil/Portals/7/educational-services/military-history/csi-battle-map-american-revolution-1776-analysis.docx2. The New York Campaign (July to November 1776) - The American Revolution, accessed February 27, 2025, https://www.ouramericanrevolution.org/index.cfm/page/view/p02173. Battle of Long Island | George Washington's Mount Vernon, accessed February 27, 2025, https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/battle-of-long-island4. New York and New Jersey Campaign - World History Encyclopedia, accessed February 27, 2025, https://www.worldhistory.org/article/2364/new-york-and-new-jersey-campaign/5. New York and New Jersey Campaign 1776-77 - American Revolutionary War, accessed February 27, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/campaigns/1776-1777-newyork-newjersey/6. New York Campaign | George Washington's Mount Vernon, accessed February 27, 2025, https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/new-york-campaign7. Fort Washington Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed February 27, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/fort-washington8. New York and New Jersey Campaigns, 1776 | Hamilton Education Program, accessed February 27, 2025, https://hamilton.gilderlehrman.org/event/new-york-and-new-jersey-campaigns-17769. New Jersey in the American Revolution - Wikipedia, accessed February 27, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Jersey_in_the_American_Revolution10. Lesson Plans for the American Revolution - The Early Campaigns in New York and New Jersey (1776) - Historical Conquest, accessed February 27, 2025, https://www.historicalconquest.com/single-post/lesson-plans-for-the-american-revolution-the-early-campaigns-in-new-york-and-new-jersey-177611. New York and New Jersey campaign - Wikipedia, accessed February 27, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_and_New_Jersey_campaign12. The American Revolution: A Historical Guidebook, accessed February 27, 2025, https://www.amrevmuseum.org/read-the-revolution/the-american-revolution-a-historical-guidebook13. New York and New Jersey campaign - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, accessed February 27, 2025, https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_and_New_Jersey_campaign14. Princeton Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed February 27, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/princeton15. Brooklyn Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed February 27, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/brooklyn16. New Jersey and the Revolution, accessed February 27, 2025, https://revolutionarynj.org/resources/new-jersey-and-the-revolution/17. Campaigns in New York and New Jersey - Florida Center for Instructional Technology - University of South Florida, accessed February 27, 2025, https://etc.usf.edu/maps/pages/7700/7705/7705.htm

The Forage War was a series of skirmishes and raids that took place in New Jersey during the winter of 1777, amidst the American Revolutionary War. It was a direct consequence of the Battles of Trenton and Princeton. The Continental Army, led by General Washington, aimed to disrupt the British supply lines and weaken their forces by systematically removing provisions and livestock from areas accessible to the British. The British, in turn, were forced to send out foraging parties to find food and supplies, leading to clashes with the American militia and Continental Army regulars.The Forage War was characterized by its guerilla-like nature, with small groups of American militia and regulars ambushing British foraging parties and disrupting their supply lines. Notable skirmishes occurred near Elizabethtown and at the Battle of Millstone. The constant harassment and attacks took a toll on the British forces, causing heavy casualties, loss of valuable supplies, and a decline in morale. The Forage War demonstrated the effectiveness of the American militia and significantly weakened the British army.Works Cited1. www.mountvernon.org, accessed February 12, 2025, https://www.mountvernon.org/george-washington/the-revolutionary-war/washingtons-revolutionary-war-battles#:~:text=Known%20as%20the%20Forage%20War,casualties%20could%20still%20be%20high.2. Episode 127 The Forage War - American Revolution Podcast, accessed February 12, 2025, http://blog.amrevpodcast.com/2019/12/episode-127-forage-war.html3. Revolutionary War Battles | George Washington's Mount Vernon, accessed February 12, 2025, https://www.mountvernon.org/george-washington/the-revolutionary-war/washingtons-revolutionary-war-battles4. Forage War - Wikipedia, accessed February 12, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forage_War5. Battle of Millstone / Van Nest's Mills - American Revolutionary War, accessed February 12, 2025, https://revolutionarywar.us/year-1777/battle-millstone-van-nests-mills/6. Foraging: Feeding Soldiers in the Revolution | American Battlefield Trust, accessed February 12, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/videos/untold/foraging-feeding-soldiers-revolution7. Forage Wars - Crossroads of the American Revolution, accessed February 12, 2025, https://revolutionarynj.org/stories/forage-wars/

In this episode we detail the Battle of Princeton during the American Revolutionary War.  Describing Washington's strategic maneuvering to escape Cornwallis's forces, his attack on the British garrison at Princeton, and the ensuing battle. Highlighting key figures like Mercer and Mawhood, and the tactical decisions made by both sides. It also provides information on the casualties and the significance of the battle's outcome. In essence, the Battle of Princeton was a crucial victory for the Americans, boosting their morale and forcing the British to withdraw. Thanks to Google Gemini for helping craft this story.Works cited1. The Battle of Princeton, accessed February 6, 2025, https://paw.princeton.edu/article/battle-princeton2. Battles of Trenton and Princeton | Facts, History, & Significance | Britannica, accessed February 6, 2025, https://www.britannica.com/event/Battles-of-Trenton-and-Princeton3. Battle of Princeton - World History Encyclopedia, accessed February 6, 2025, https://www.worldhistory.org/article/2367/battle-of-princeton/4. Battle of Princeton - American Revolutionary War - British Battles, accessed February 6, 2025, https://www.britishbattles.com/war-of-the-revolution-1775-to-1783/battle-of-princeton/5. 10 Facts about the Battle of Princeton | George Washington's Mount Vernon, accessed February 6, 2025, https://www.mountvernon.org/george-washington/the-revolutionary-war/washingtons-revolutionary-war-battles/the-trenton-princeton-campaign/10-facts-about-the-battle-of-princeton6. www.mountvernon.org, accessed February 6, 2025, https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/battle-of-princeton#:~:text=Upon%20discovering%20on%202%20Jan,at%20Trenton%20on%2026%20Dec.7. Princeton Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust, accessed February 6, 2025, https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/princeton8. Battle of Princeton - Wikipedia, accessed February 6, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Princeton9. Battles of Trenton and Princeton ‑ Facts, Location & Importance | HISTORY, accessed February 6, 2025, https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/battles-of-trenton-and-princeton10. The Battle - Princeton Battlefield Society, accessed February 6, 2025, https://pbs1777.org/the-battle-2/11. www.mountvernon.org, accessed February 6, 2025, https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/battle-of-princeton#:~:text=With%20the%20main%20Continental%20Army,New%20Jersey%20from%20British%20occupation.12. Imagining the Battle of Princeton - The American Revolution Institute, accessed February 6, 2025, https://www.americanrevolutioninstitute.org/lesson-plans/imagining-the-revolution/imagining-the-battle-of-princeton/