Learning by William

In the 10,000-12,000 years since humans invented agriculture and settled down, autocracy, theocracy, aristocracy, and fascism have dominated civilizations. From the Greeks to the Romans to the French to the English to the Germans, a line of religious, spiritual, lineal, and political dictatorship occurred for the millennia. Only recently have we begun forcing out of the grips of control in order to achieve global democracy. In the thousands of years we have lived in civilizations, we have only begun to see the light at the end of the tunnel- the light of democracy is finally starting to shine upon us. In the many years of European, Asian, and Middle Eastern dictatorial rule, the greatest rebellions were inspired by the scientists; they were the ones who promoted new ideas and used their new understandings to take down dictators and forever alter religions. The scientists were the ones who risked their own execution while in the human pursuit of truth, who rebelled against the Catholic Church to promote heliocentrism, the correct science of the solar system, and who figured out processes that directly contradicted contemporary theistic belief yet still promoted them as fact. In this episode, we will cover 3 notable scientists whose advancements of science forced them into rebellion against the European Aristocracies and, most notably, the Catholic Church of Europe. If you have any questions, comments, concerns, or corrections, please email me using the address provided: learningbywilliam@gmail.com References: Galileo Galilei - A Biography by Britannica https://www.britannica.com/biography/Galileo-Galilei Galileo Galilei - General Information https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo_Galilei Encyclopedia - Cecco d’Ascoli https://theodora.com/encyclopedia/c/cecco_dascoli.html Very General Information on Cecco d’Ascoli https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecco_d%27Ascoli Acerba - Cecco d’Ascoli https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acerba_(book) Science and the Catholic Church - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_and_the_Catholic_Church Conflict Thesis Between Science and Religion - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflict_thesis Giordano Bruno https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giordano_Bruno Galileo’s Ship https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo%27s_ship Galileo Galilei - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/galileo/

For the last year we have dealt with an oppressive pandemic that has forever altered our way of life. Typical work settings have evolved from offices to living rooms, typical five day school settings have become zoom calls, typical travel to other countries for vacations or jobs has become non-existent, and nearly 2 million people who have brothers, sisters, parents, children; who experienced love and hate, anger and excitement, fear and confidence, discomfort and pleasure, hunger and thirst, dreams and goals, have died from a deadly virus that continues to militate against us. In our struggle and obscurity, we have pursued a vaccine that we believe will save us from the oppression- the death, destruction, economic turmoil, and mental health collapse resulting from this virus could cede with one shot. Unfortunately, when it comes to creating vaccines, evolution does not help us. With rapidly reproducing viruses, mutations can be common, some of which are pointless, others of which are detrimental to the virus itself, and others of which make the viruses more infectious. As unfortunate as it is, a similar thing has happened to the virus we are currently living through, COVID-19. A new strain, officially known as VUI, which stands for “variant under investigation,” dash 202012/01, which stands for the first variant of COVID-19 under investigation in December of 2020, is ravaging Europe. If you have any questions, comments, concerns, or corrections, please email me using the address provided: learningbywilliam@gmail.com References: Information on the New Strain of Coronavirus (COVID-19) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VUI_%E2%80%93_202012/01 SARS-CoV-2 Variant - World Health Organization https://www.who.int/csr/don/21-december-2020-sars-cov2-variant-united-kingdom/en/ How do Viruses Mutate? Yale School of Medicine https://medicine.yale.edu/coved/modules/virus/evolution/ How SARS-CoV-2 Infects Cells https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-are-Spike-Proteins.aspx Viruses and Evolution by Natural Selection https://www.historyofvaccines.org/content/articles/viruses-and-evolution RNA Viruses https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/rna-viruses A Second New COVID-19 Strain! - Fox 2 Detroit https://www.fox2detroit.com/news/uk-health-officials-announce-2nd-new-covid-19-strain New COVID-19 Strain Arriving From South Africa - Aljazeera https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/12/23/uk-to-widen-covid-lockdowns-as-new-strain-from-south-africa-found

The launch window is from 7:20 to 7:52 AM EST on December 25th, 2021! Tune in to see live broadcasts of the launch!!!!

We discuss the right to privacy and its basis (Louis Brandeis), the justification for the right, the constitutional basis for abortion in Roe v. Wade, the two arguments regarding abortion (moral and constitutional approaches), along with the doctrines of stare decisis, selective incorporation, the "right to be left alone," substantive due process, equal protection of the laws, and undue burden. References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Right_to_Privacy_(article) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incorporation_of_the_Bill_of_Rights#Selective_versus_total_incorporation https://www.oyez.org/cases/1991/91-744 https://www.oyez.org/cases/1960/60 https://www.oyez.org/cases/1964/496 https://www.oyez.org/cases/2021/19-1392 https://www.oyez.org/cases/1900-1940/268us652 https://www.oyez.org/cases/2019/17-1618

The Omicron variant has caused considerable panic recently. Having many more mutations, a greater ability to reinfect, and potentially far more transmissibility, Omicron presents humanity with unprecedented danger. However, some recent developments may give us reason to be optimistic, not profoundly worried. In this episode, we present a speech discussing these stories and advocating "cautious optimism." References: (n.d.). Retrieved from https://osf.io/f7txy/ Miller, K. (2021, December 09). How Omicron Stacks Up Against the Delta Variant-Including Whether or Not We'll Need a New Vaccine. Retrieved from https://www.prevention.com/health/a38400888/omicron-vs-delta-covid-19-variant-comparison/ Pearson_Epidemics8_Omicron.pdf. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://drive.google.com/file/d/1hA6Mec2Gq3LGqTEOj35RqSeAb_SmXpbI/view Person, & Lapid, N. (2021, December 04). Omicron variant may have picked up a piece of common-cold virus. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/omicron-variant-may-have-picked-up-piece-common-cold-virus-2021-12-03/ Regencia, T., Melimopoulos, E., & Ibrahim, A. (2021, December 03). WHO says Omicron detected in 38 countries, no deaths reported. Retrieved from https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/12/3/new-york-becomes-fourth-us-state-to-confirm-omicron-live Situation Reports Obtained Through: Home - ProMED - ProMED-mail. (2020, December 10). Retrieved from https://promedmail.org/ Update on Omicron. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news/item/28-11-2021-update-on-omicron Image Obtained Through Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=covid-19&title=Special:MediaSearch&go=Go&type=image

My Profile on Astrobin: https://www.astrobin.com/users/WilliamGott/ Starburst Galaxy (Taken by the President of our Astronomical Society) - Astrobin https://www.astrobin.com/gek830/ Astrophotography - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrophotography Milky Way Image (a Shot I Took) - Astrobin https://www.astrobin.com/be7t7j/ Apochromatic Lens - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apochromat Bino-Refractor that is $27,310 - Deep Space Products https://www.deepspaceproducts.com/product/cff-bino-refractor-160mm-oil-spaced-triplet-apochromat?gclid=CjwKCAjw1JeJBhB9EiwAV612y4Uq1I-9Q1J7o6-K9mAJFySwplVHqsM1z1FI7PLxqDb3_YqAuTLUbxoC0I4QAvD_BwE Field Flattener - Night Sky Pix https://nightskypix.com/what-does-a-field-flattener-do/ Petzval Lens - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petzval_lens Newtonian Reflector - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newtonian_telescope Dolphin Nebula (Diffraction Spikes are Present on Stars) - Astrobin https://www.astrobin.com/zihlpc/ Schmidt-Cassegrain Telescope - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmidt%E2%80%93Cassegrain_telescope Telescope Pier - OPT Telescopes https://optcorp.com/collections/telescope-piers Planetarium Software - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetarium_software

For anyone who wants to hear only the information on the third part of the series on the history of literature, please skip to 5:45. The first 5:44 covers a new format this channel will take in the forthcoming months.  References: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1GevT2W-HwTFphiWe_iitjmpteGMTcggQOhuep_Dhcjw/edit?usp=sharing

References: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1GevT2W-HwTFphiWe_iitjmpteGMTcggQOhuep_Dhcjw/edit?usp=sharing

References: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1GevT2W-HwTFphiWe_iitjmpteGMTcggQOhuep_Dhcjw/edit?usp=sharing

References:  https://docs.google.com/document/d/149eB9PG1d3rLXETpWCBK_YBFQMMVNyXLWXR4h_jLW6U/edit?usp=sharing

References: https://docs.google.com/document/d/149eB9PG1d3rLXETpWCBK_YBFQMMVNyXLWXR4h_jLW6U/edit?usp=sharing

Reference Doc (use to see paintings as I mention them): https://docs.google.com/document/d/188UiFP_rpZmKeU0Mq-D_OxroE-BB9KtSJPYZbCn0_iY/edit?usp=sharing I will be taking my first ACT when this episode releases. Wish me luck!

Reference Doc (use to see paintings as I mention them): https://docs.google.com/document/d/188UiFP_rpZmKeU0Mq-D_OxroE-BB9KtSJPYZbCn0_iY/edit?usp=sharing

References: Telescope - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telescope Refracting (Refractor) Telescope - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refracting_telescope Reflecting (Reflector) Telescope - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflecting_telescope Catadioptric Telescope - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catadioptric_system Schmidt-Cassegrain Telescope (extra telescopes that give examples of catadioptric telescopes) - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmidt%E2%80%93Cassegrain_telescope Dobsonian Telescope (type of Newtonian telescope) - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dobsonian_telescope Telescope Focal Length - starlust https://starlust.org/telescope-focal-length/ Achromatic Lens - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achromatic_lens Apochromatic Lens - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apochromat Gregorian Telescope - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorian_telescope Newtonian Telescope - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newtonian_telescope Petzval Field Curvature - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petzval_field_curvature Comatic Aberration - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coma_(optics) Distortion - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distortion_(optics) Schmidt Corrector Plate - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmidt_corrector_plate Ritchey-Chrétien Telescope - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritchey%E2%80%93Chr%C3%A9tien_telescope Telecompressor (Focal Reducer) - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecompressor Barlow Lens - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barlow_lens

Reference Document: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1_ukksVRRyYCZpgDqK2myH8ZnGWwgyNeFsWLPpI6Z8mM/edit?usp=sharing

Reference Document: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1_ukksVRRyYCZpgDqK2myH8ZnGWwgyNeFsWLPpI6Z8mM/edit?usp=sharing

References:  General Relativity - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_relativity Field Equations - Warwick Department of Physics https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/physics/intranet/pendulum/generalrelativity/ Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncertainty_principle Stress-Energy Tensor - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress%E2%80%93energy_tensor Einstein’s Field Equations - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein_field_equations Einstein Tensor - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein_tensor Pseudo-Riemannian Manifold - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudo-Riemannian_manifold Metric Tensor - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric_tensor Ricci Curvature - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricci_curvature Metric Tensor in General Relativity - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric_tensor_(general_relativity) Schwarzschild Metric - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzschild_metric Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity - SPACE.com https://www.space.com/17661-theory-general-relativity.html Gravitational Lensing - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_lens Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LIGO Equivalence Principle - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalence_principle Gravitational Time Dilation - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_time_dilation

As this episode is being published on 9/11, let's all take a moment to appreciate our dauntless first responders, many of whom lost their lives fighting terrorism on that wretched day. Let the pulchritudinous unity following the attacks be a symbol for our nation and our world's unending struggle toward unity. Long list of references that may be used while listening to the podcast: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1_jfIyFZ0nEzQM8AgSKo4ph66bBt6LmSjoGp-6JTMrt4/edit?usp=sharing

Long list of references that may be used while listening to the podcast: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1_jfIyFZ0nEzQM8AgSKo4ph66bBt6LmSjoGp-6JTMrt4/edit?usp=sharing

Long list of references that may be used while listening to the podcast: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1_jfIyFZ0nEzQM8AgSKo4ph66bBt6LmSjoGp-6JTMrt4/edit?usp=sharing