Mere Fidelity

Derek Rishmawy and Brad East engage in a conversation about the complexities of atonement, particularly focusing on penal substitution. They explore the historical context, personal experiences, and theological implications surrounding the topic, emphasizing the need for clarity and understanding in discussions about God's justice and mercy. Chapter 00:00 Pumped About Atonement 03:35 The Heat of Atonement Debates 10:49 Teaching Badly 17:32 Who's the Real Problem? 24:45 Experiential Perspectives on Atonement 32:28 History and Retrieval 44:53 New Language for Old Ideas 48:59 Calvinist Lightning Round 01:01:17 Walking the Line

When dealing with delicate, nuanced, disputed, or important issues, should Christians primarily rely on their own judgment or the authority of church leaders in their lives? Derek, Alastair, and Matt bring their own experience to bear, as well as a reliance on Scripture and authority, to answer this listener-submitted question.

In this episode of Mere Fidelity, Derek Rishmawy, Alastair Roberts, James Wood, and Joseph Minich engage in a deep and sobering discussion about the recent assassination of Charlie Kirk, reflecting on the implications of violence in society, the reactions to such events, and the role of social media in shaping narratives. They explore the need for a Christian response to violence, emphasizing the importance of prayer, community engagement, and the teachings of Augustine on justice and retaliation. The conversation highlights the fragility of societal discourse and the necessity of maintaining a Christ-centered perspective amidst chaos.   Chapters 00:00 - Reflections on a Tragic Event 03:57 - Identifying with the Victim 06:35 - Political Assassination 09:06 - Weight of Darkness 14:32 - Shocking Reactions Uncovered 19:44 - Meme Warfare 23:22 - Responsible or Reckless Rhetoric 27:22 - Asymmetrical in Narrative and Victimhood 33:29 - Girard Everywhere 38:09 - Time to Process 42:45 - Do Not Fear or Retaliate 48:47 - The Power of Prayer in Crisis

Derek Rishmawy, Alastair Roberts, and Brad East engage in a discussion about the concept of 'holy ambition' within the context of ministry. They explore the balance between ambition and faithfulness, the impact of social media on pastoral ambitions, and the fears associated with ministry today, including the fear of cancellation. The conversation emphasizes the importance of seeking God's approval over personal recognition and the need for pastors to dream big while remaining grounded in their faith. Chapters 00:00 - Exploring Holy Ambition 06:57 - The Tension of Ambition and Faithfulness 13:04 - The Nature of Ambition in Ministry 19:24 - Social Media and the Amplification of Ambition 25:37 - The Fear of Cancellation and Its Impact 31:42 - Finding Justification in God's Approval

This is a rerelease of a previous episode. In response to a listener question, Derek, Matt, and Alastair go deep on the doctrine of creation. They ask and answer questions about whether creation is real, what counts as worship, what makes a doctrine of creation thick or thin, and whether we need to be thinking about God at all times.  Timestamps: On the Excitement Meter [0:00] Wherein Lies the Deepness? [2:13] Reality and Goodness [10:30] Participatory vs. Intrinsic Value [14:12] A Dim Reflection [15:53] Curiositas [18:57] Not Everything Is Worship [22:39] Children of the Earth [40:44]

In this episode of Mere Fidelity, Derek Rishmawy, Alastair Roberts, Brad East, and James Wood engage in a deep conversation about the complexities of inhabiting and leaving religious traditions. They explore the implications of a recent theological shift by Matthew Barrett from Baptist to Anglican, discussing the personal and theological dimensions of such transitions. The conversation delves into the nature of tradition, the challenges of maintaining ecclesial identity, and the virtues of leaving a tradition with grace and gratitude. The hosts emphasize the importance of honoring those who have shaped their faith journeys while navigating the intricacies of theological retrieval and the fragility of denominational identities in contemporary Christianity.   Chapters   00:00 Ecclesial Location 03:09 The Dynamics of Leaving a Tradition 05:31 Retrieval 10:18 Conscious & Unconscious Choice 17:32 The Nature of Tradition and Confessions 22:03 Engaging Outside One's Tradition 24:13 Different Levels of Accountability 27:07 The Fragilization of Denominational Identities 32:30 Tradition or "Vibes"? 35:00 Stronger Ecumenism 42:49 You Keep Using That Word... 49:35 Leaving a Tradition Gracefully

This episode of Mere Fidelity is about the boundaries and controls on theological and typological biblical interpretation - essentially asking "what are the brakes on theological exegesis?" — This month: The Body God Gives: A Biblical Response to Transgender Theory by Robert Smith - a weighty volume addressing crucial contemporary issues with biblical faithfulness. Get 40% off at lexhampress.com/merefidelity — Derek Rishmawy, Alastair Roberts, and Brad East explore the tension between: The Promise: Rediscovering richer, deeper ways of reading Scripture that go beyond simple historical-grammatical methods - finding typological patterns, narrative connections, and symbolic meanings that link Old and New Testament figures and events (like seeing Jesus as the new David, or Joseph as a type of Christ). The Problem: The legitimate concern that once you start reading Scripture typologically or allegorically, where do you stop? What prevents interpretation from becoming purely subjective, limited only by the interpreter's imagination? Key Discussion Points: Steelmanning the critics - Derek asks Alastair to acknowledge valid concerns about "wax nose" interpretations that can be twisted to support any position Historical precedent - How the apostles themselves read the Old Testament in ways that seem to go beyond original authorial intent Different paradigms for meaning - Brad argues for multiple faithful readings within proper bounds, using his "infinite sets" mathematical analogy, while Derek pushes back with concerns about authorial intention Practical controls they suggest: Alastair emphasizes grounding readings in the text's own literary patterns and connections Reading within the "rule of faith" (basic Christian orthodoxy) Alastair's "tree" metaphor - distinguishing between core interpretations (strong branches) and speculative ones (thin branches you don't put weight on) Reading in community rather than in isolation Alastair's key point - Understanding meaning as something that unfolds through time, not just locked in original context Brad advocates for reading Scripture with multiple paradigms (not just Paul's argumentative style, but also narrative like Song of Songs) The conversation shows Derek wrestling with concerns about going beyond authorial intention, while Brad takes a more "maximalist" approach and Alastair provides detailed textual grounding for typological readings. They ultimately argue that while there are real dangers in uncontrolled typological reading, the solution isn't to abandon these deeper interpretive methods but to practice them more carefully and responsibly. — Chapters 01:21 Grammatical Historical vs. Typological Exegesis 03:40 Steel Man Strikes Again 06:07 If This Were Wrong, How Would We Know? 09:05 Wax Nose 11:07 Gifted Interpreters and Accessibility 13:01 The Gigi Rule 16:48 Infinite Ways to Get It Right 19:08 Stories and Arguments 22:05 It's Alive! 26:19 Choose Your Own Adventure 29:14 More Anachronism Please 30:23 Anachronism and Authorial Intention 34:39 How Meaning Works 40:10 Asking the Text a Question 43:02 Practice Safe Reading 51:32 Resources

In this episode of Mere Fidelity, the hosts engage in a deep discussion about the implications of artificial intelligence on society, the church, and human relationships. They explore the theological and ethical dimensions of AI, emphasizing the importance of human agency and the role of the Word in shaping our understanding of technology. The conversation also addresses the dangers of AI in ministry, the potential for dehumanization, and the need for a critical approach to technology in light of the Christian faith.   Chapters 00:00 Now You're Cooking with AI 02:24 Starting Points & Inevitabilities 05:06 The Real Vehicle of the Word 10:09 AI as an Extension of Human Capacity 14:23 The Dehumanizing Nature of AI 17:14 The Demonic Nature of Technology 24:05 Double Non-Neutrality 26:27 The Point Is the Struggle 33:03 How Reading Works 38:05 Glorified Google Searches and Machine Collaboration 44:35 A Solution to a Problem that Shouldn't Exist 46:52 We Are Living in the Darkest Timeline 50:23 Pornographic Logic 55:36 Relieving the Human Condition 01:02:17 The Illusion of Efficiency

In this episode of Mere Fidelity, the hosts engage in a deep discussion about covenant theology, exploring its significance in scripture and its role in Reformed theology. They debate the load-bearing nature of covenant language, its historical context, and its relationship to other theological concepts. The conversation highlights the complexity of covenant theology and its evolution over time, emphasizing the importance of understanding scripture through multiple lenses while recognizing the unifying role of covenant in redemptive history. Chapters 00:00 Hermeneutics and Biblical Theology 01:57 Load-Bearing Covenant? 04:53 Counting Verses Versus Verses Counting 10:01 As Widespread as TULIP 14:26 It's Literally in the Name (Blankets vs Structure) 19:20 The Concrete Organizing Principle 23:22 Distinguishing Semantics from Substance 25:43 Self-Conscious History 27:45 Covenants and Meta-Covenant (Background vs Framework) 34:43 What Gets Obscured 39:18 Covenant Overload 42:16 Covenant-pilled Sonship 46:00 Non-Hierarchical Relations of Concepts 50:35 It All Hangs Together!

Andrew Wilson and Alastair Roberts explore the Book of Daniel, moving from familiar stories to complex apocalyptic visions. They discuss interpretive keys including Babel connections, chiastic structure, and Christological fulfillment, helping you understand this unique prophetic book's unity and contemporary relevance. Chapters [00:00 - 03:00] Introduction & topic pivot to Daniel [03:00 - 07:00] How understanding of Daniel evolved over time [07:00 - 12:00] Key #1: Babel connection and empire themes [12:00 - 16:00] Key #2: Chiastic structure of chapters 2-7 [16:00 - 20:00] Key #3: Joseph parallels and typology [20:00 - 28:00] Four empires framework across chapters [28:00 - 34:00] Symbolic interpretation and multiple fulfillments [34:00 - 40:00] Three perspectives on empire; Christological reading [40:00 - 45:00] Daniel 11 and the Herod theory [45:00 - 46:00] Connections to Revelation; conclusion

In this episode, Derek Rishmawy, Alastair Roberts, and Brad East are joined by political theorist Jason Blakely to explore the life, work, and legacy of Alasdair MacIntyre. Best known for After Virtue, MacIntyre diagnosed the deep moral confusion of modernity and called for a return to virtue, tradition, and narrative. The conversation traces his journey from Marxism to Thomism, unpacks his critique of Enlightenment liberalism, and considers how his thought challenges both the postliberal right and progressive deconstruction. Along the way, the hosts reflect on what it means to form moral communities in a world of fragmented ethics. Chapters: 00:00 Beyond Mere Technocratic Pragmatism 02:01 Life, Work, and Legacy of Alisdair MacIntyre 07:00 After Virtue 09:53 Nuking the Enlightenment 14:20 Practice vs. Theory 16:55 In the Aristotelian Weeds 19:47 Objectivity 24:26 Where Is Sin? 28:44 Public Religion 32:51 Narrate Like the Wind! 37:50 The Religious Option 39:25 Competing Narratives 44:45 Post-Liberalism and the Benedict Option 51:03 How to Get Started

Mere Fidelity hosts Derek Rishmawy, Alastair Roberts, and James Wood interview Professor John Bolt about completing Herman Bavinck's Reformed Ethics translation project. Discussion covers Bavinck's methodology combining creation order and union with Christ, his engagement with contemporary scholarship, controversial applications on marriage/sexuality, and why Bavinck appeals across denominational boundaries. Chapters: 00:00 Welcome 01:05 Monumental Translation 04:49 The Bavinck Moment 07:53 Bavinck's Approach to Ethics 11:01 Union With and Imitation Of Christ 15:30 Anthropology 18:33 Topics Strange and Controversial 24:13 Casuistry 27:33 Extrabiblical Science 31:01 Divisions

Derek Rishmawy, Alastair Roberts, and Joseph Minich explore the Jesus People movement of the 1970s—from hippie communes to Calvary Chapel—and its lasting impact on American evangelicalism. They discuss the tension between Spirit-led revival and institutional church structure, examining how countercultural seekers became conservative evangelicals and what today's church can learn from this transformative era. Key Takeaway: The Jesus People movement reveals how the church's greatest evangelistic strength—meeting spiritual hunger with radical acceptance—can also become its greatest weakness without proper institutional structure and long-term discipleship. Chapters: 00:00 Welcome Joseph Minich 01:27 The Jesus People Movement 04:23 Trippin' on Jesus 06:55 Undiscovered Heritage 08:55 It's Just a Phase? 12:19 Broader Influences 16:07 Spirit vs. Form 21:47 Apocalyptic Flavour 24:35 How to Win Hippies and Influence Institutions 31:34 Vibes 37:29 Political Antagonism Masking Spiritual Hunger 40:16 Transcending the Culture Wars

Derek Rishmawy, Alastair Roberts, and Brad East discuss why so many Christians today feel stuck, anxious, or overwhelmed by the idea of “calling.” They examine how the biblical and Reformation doctrine of vocation has been reshaped by modern expectations of career, identity, and fulfillment—and how to recover a clearer, more grounded view of vocation rooted in community, providence, and everyday faithfulness. A Mere Orthodoxy Podcast Sponsor This episode is brought to you by Lexham Press, featuring The Foremost Problems in Contemporary Dogmatics by Herman Bavinck. These newly translated lectures explore faith in the modern world with Bavinck’s signature depth and clarity. Mere Fidelity listeners receive 40% off at lexhampress.com/merefidelity. Key Idea Vocation isn’t about finding the perfect, fulfilling job. It’s about using your gifts to serve others and glorify God in the ordinary responsibilities of life. Chapters 0:00 Introduction and sponsor 2:00 Why calling feels confusing today 4:30 When vocation becomes careerism 6:30 Community and the biblical view of calling 8:30 The myth of the perfect job 11:00 Deep gladness and daily responsibility 13:00 The idol of work and career fulfillment 16:00 Gifts for the good of others 18:30 The human calling in Genesis 21:00 Male and female in shared vocation 24:00 Why we need a deflated view of calling 26:30 Dignity in ordinary work 29:00 Vocation for all kinds of people Resources Mentioned The Foremost Problems in Contemporary Dogmatics – Herman Bavinck (Lexham Press) Frederick Buechner: “The place God calls you to is the place where your deep gladness and the world’s deep hunger meet.”  

Mere Fidelity is back! Welcome to Mere Fidelity 2.0: A Mere Orthodoxy Podcast. Hosts Derek Rishmawy, Alastair Roberts, Brad East, and James Wood dive into the major news of Pope Francis's passing and Cardinal Robert Prevost's election as Pope Leo XIV. As Protestant theologians, they grapple with what this papal transition means for the broader Christian landscape. They discuss how evangelicals should approach papal authority, explore the potential for greater Christian unity under the new papacy, and examine the ongoing influence of Catholic social teaching. They also reflect on the challenges and opportunities of engaging with Catholic tradition while remaining committed to Protestant principles. — Chapters: 00:00 Mere Fidelity 2.0: A New Era 03:25 Protestant Perspectives on the Papacy 09:21 Toward a Unified Church 12:30 Papal "Authority" 15:25 The Role of the Pope in a Divided Church 18:23 Visions for Unity in the Church 23:53 Pope Not King 25:02 Protestant Perspectives on Tradition 27:55 Calvin in the Middle 32:46 Visible and Invisible 33:48 Encyclical Teaching 41:05 Extra Cautions 46:24 Future Ecumenical Councils 51:20 New Chapter

Derek Rishmawy, Alastair Roberts, and Brad East explore the theological significance of the tabernacle and temple in the Old Testament, discussing their roles as divine dwellings, their relationship to Israel's kingship, and their implications for understanding God's presence among His people. The conversation also looks into the destruction and rebuilding of the temple, the church as the new temple, and the counter-temple polemic in the New Testament, ultimately reflecting on how these themes shape our understanding of God's dwelling with humanity. Chapters 00:00 Theology from the Tabernacle 02:51 Orienting To the Tabernacle 05:49 Tent of Meeting 09:04 The Relationship Between the Tabernacle and the Temple 14:31 Architecture of Kingship 18:07 Nearness and Danger 21:58 The Lord at War 25:45 The Ark of Noah 28:08 Destruction and Rebuilding 36:10 Representation, Punishment, and Vindication 38:21 God's Presence in Exile 41:45 The Church as the New Temple 44:52 Counter-Temple Polemic in the New Testament 48:00 Finding Theology in Everything

Derek Rishmawy, Alastair Roberts, James Wood, and Joe Minich explore whether modernity deserves our praise or criticism. They examine the goods and challenges of the modern world, from medical advances to technological disruption, asking how Christians should thoughtfully engage rather than simply retreat or embrace uncritically. Chapters 00:00 Introduction and Setup 02:10 Defining Modernity - What Are We Talking About? 07:54 The Goods of Modernity - Why People Embraced Change 17:13 The Revolutionary Character of Modern Life 25:33 Freedom From vs. Freedom For 30:44 The Problem of Collective Agency 39:05 Rising Risks and Diminished Control 46:00 The Church as Ark - Finding a Third Way 55:33 Critical Engagement vs. Simple Acceptance

Alastair, Joseph, Brad, and Derek explore the themes of enchantment and disenchantment in theology and culture. They reflect on Charles Taylor’s analysis of the “disenchanted” modern age, the loss of a sacramental imagination, and the ways Christians might recover a sense of wonder, mystery, and divine presence in creation. The conversation considers both dangers—superstition, romantic nostalgia—and opportunities for faithful re-enchantment through Scripture, liturgy, and daily discipleship. Chapters 00:00 – Introduction: What is enchantment? 04:15 – Charles Taylor and the “disenchanted age” 09:02 – Medieval vs. modern imagination 14:27 – Superstition, magic, and the dangers of false enchantment 19:40 – Re-enchantment and the Christian imagination 26:03 – Sacramentality, symbolism, and divine presence 32:55 – The role of worship in shaping perception 38:21 – Wonder, mystery, and recovering joy in creation 44:10 – Disenchantment as protection against idolatry 49:35 – Faithful ways of living with re-enchanted vision 55:28 – Closing reflections and further resources

A lot can happen in ten years. A lot has happened in ten years. In this, Matt’s final episode as a Mere Fi co-host, the guys reflect on the changes, crises, developments, growth, learning, cursings, and blessings that have occurred since the podcast started. Each of them offers their younger selves what wisdom they can. May you profit from their experience. Full show notes at www.merefidelity.com. Timestamps: The OG Mere Fi Cast & Crew [0:00] Decade Retrospective [2:55] Andrew Now Knows What a Podcast Is [3:30] Alastair Values Committed Conversation Partners [7:06] Derek Still Doesn’t Know [11:25] Focus on What Matters [17:06] The Theology Underneath [23:48] Matt Gives a Warning [29:23] The Stillness Outside the Crisis [39:51] Evangelicalism’s Hour [44:29] Physical Relationships [47:56] Links Mentioned: Lexham Press Book of the Month Merrie Band “Twenty-Five Bloggers in One Sentence Each,” by Andrew Wilson, c. 2014 Credits: To support Mere Fidelity financially, visit our Patreon here. Follow Derek, Andrew, and Alastair for more tweet-sized brilliance. Thanks to Timothy Crouch for keeping us organized. Thanks to Tim Motte for sound editing. And thanks to The Joy Eternal for lending us their music, which everybody should download out of gratitude for their kindness.

Is it literally possible to read the Bible literally? Dr. Kevin Vanhoozer joins Derek, Alastair, and Matt as the penultimate guest of 2024 to talk about frames of reference, transfigural reading, how the New Testament uses the Old Testament, and how to create a culture of reading at your church. You will literally love it! Full show notes at www.merefidelity.com. Timestamps: The Alastair Roberts Endorsement [0:00] Penultimage Delight [1:27] Literally Reading the Bible [2:44] Figural Reading [8:04] Frames of Reference [10:35] Literary Tropes [14:42] Covenant [17:07] Eschatological Meaning [20:48] Lifting the Veil [29:11] The Transfiguration [33:15] The New Testament Model of Reading [38:44] Creating a Reading Culture [44:41]