PaymentsJournal

After years of discussion about the new messaging protocol, ISO 20022 is now an inevitability. Though there are substantial benefits to adopting the protocol, many financial institutions—especially in the mid-market tier—are still unprepared to meet compliance by the July 14 deadline (delayed from March 10). In a recent Payments Journal podcast, Mihail Duta, Director of Solution Consulting and Transaction Banking at Finastra, and James Wester, Co-Head of Payments at Javelin Strategy & Research, discussed the obstacles to ISO 20022 adoption, the advantages the protocol provides, and the opportunities it uncovers for mid-market financial institutions. Learning A New Language The shift to ISO 20022 will be like learning a new language for many banks and credit unions. Some institutions may attempt to bridge the transition from the FAIM format by building translators, but there are challenges with that solution moving forward. Many translators have limitations that could lead to data truncation, and incomplete or inaccurate data could potentially cause payment processing failures.  Another issue for these banks will be ensuring that all their interfaces and solutions beyond payments processing are ISO 20022 compliant. Across-the-board standardization will be especially critical when sending cross-border payments. U.S. instant payment rails FedNow and RTP were built on the standard, and SWIFT cross-border payments will move to ISO 20022 in November 2025. This means the institutions that aren’t fully leveraging the protocol will be at a competitive disadvantage. “ISO 20022 is no longer a nice-to-have,” Duta said. “It's the only way you're going to be able to process Fedwire transactions come July 14, so you must be compliant.” As Duta pointed out, standardization facilitates seamless communication and interoperability between banks and across borders, with valid message instances to ensure compliance with the standard. The Richness of Data Though the looming deadline may be top of mind for many institutions, supporting the standard goes beyond mere compliance. The new protocol offers substantial benefits that mid-tier financial institutions can leverage to enhance their services and identify new revenue streams. “Given the richness of data that comes with the ISO 20022 format, more fields are available to transactions, compared to what we have today” Duta said. “We're moving from three lines of address to 24 lines of address, to give just one example. “Structured data can be fed into AI capabilities or machine learning, improving the detection of complex anti-money laundering scenarios, but also improving operational efficiency with higher STP rates,” he said. The data from ISO 20022 transactions can also drive significant improvements in fraud management. Enhanced data quality and consistency allow for more sophisticated fraud detection algorithms, potentially reducing fraud losses. The ISO 20022 standard also improves payments processing by minimizing manual interventions and associated costs. Taken together, the protocol’s benefits create a faster, more efficient, robust payments engine, offering a powerful competitive differentiator. “We're still talking about how we meet compliance but lost in that discussion is the idea that this impacts everybody,” Wester said. “That's one of the things about the payment space—we are all interconnected. Mid-market institutions are going to need to maintain or gain integration with the global banks and payment networks. For mid-market financial institutions, this is about new products and services being offered to customers and it's about being competitive and remaining competitive.” The Implications of the Format The adoption of ISO 20022 can mean much more than efficiency gains. Supporting the protocol can be the first step toward creating a fully modernized payments ecosystem. An institution that supports the standard will be prepared to ...

In the fast-changing world of financial services, modernizing payments technology has become essential for businesses looking to reduce costs, enhance customer experiences, and stay competitive. Santander Consumer, a full-spectrum auto lender, stands as a prime example of how bold leadership and strategic decision-making can transform payments infrastructure to deliver long-term value. On a PaymentsJournal podcast, Santander Consumer Chief Technology Officer, Don Smith, spoke with PayNearMe Chief Revenue Officer Mike Kaplan and James Wester, Co-Head of Payments at Javelin Strategy & Research, about Santander Consumer’s approach to modernization and the benefits the company gained from it. Why Payments Modernization Matters Financial institutions operate with a fairly straightforward business model: they lend money and borrowers repay it. "Payments is a really important part of our business," said Smith. “We lend people money to procure vehicles and then we really, really like it when they pay us back!”  Smith noted that modernizing their payments platform was critical to addressing service-level challenges and supporting scalability that existed with their incumbent provider. PayNearMe’s Kaplan highlighted the broader implications of modernizing payment systems. “When payments go right, they are frankly really easy,” said Kaplan. “It's when they go wrong that you need a modern platform and modern systems to address those things and drive the extra costs out of it.” The motivation behind Santander Consumer’s decision to overhaul their payments technology was clear: outdated systems were creating inefficiencies, service disruptions, and unnecessary costs. As Smith explained, “When outages occur with a payment provider, it’s a big problem because customers can’t pay us. Reliability and stability in a payments platform are absolutely critical.” A High-Risk Decision Service-level challenges and stability issues prompted the company to evaluate opportunities to make a change with their payments provider. In addition, as a contract neared its end, Santander Consumer saw an opportunity to reassess its existing provider and consider whether to renegotiate or look at alternatives. Finally, the company asked whether the current platform and strategy could expand, improve efficiency, and better service customers. If not, it was time to consider a change. “All those things coalesced together as I was introduced to PayNearMe,” said Smith. “We started evaluating their capabilities and looking at the stack and the architecture that they provided.” Transitioning to a new payments platform is no small feat, particularly for a large organization like Santander Consumer. "These projects are high-risk,” acknowledged Smith. "Success requires a clear vision, the right partner, and active executive sponsorship. It’s not enough to just approve the project; leaders must stay engaged and work closely with teams to address challenges in real time." Wester praised Santander Consumer’s approach. “Many financial institutions struggle with modernization because they view technology as an ancillary function rather than a driver of business efficiency. Santander Consumer’s focus on aligning technology with business outcomes is a model for success,” said Wester. “You need to be able to step up and drive transformation in your organization, and not fear the hurdles that you have to jump over,” added Smith. Total Cost of Acceptance For forward-thinking organizations like Santander Consumer, considering the total cost of acceptance—not just transaction fees—can transform their approach to payments. As Kaplan explains, the goal should be to address all costs associated with payment acceptance, including system costs, manual interventions, and exceptions from failed or delayed payments. “It's not just reducing the cost of an individual transaction, but really, the whole ecosystem becomes more efficient the more you take...

Virtual cards have been a popular option for consumers for years, but they’re just now gaining traction among businesses. With an increasingly globalized economy, corporate entities are seeking efficient ways to move money across borders, and virtual cards are filling that role—maximizing efficiency while reducing costs. Mark Anthony Spiteri, Global Head of Card Business at Nium, sat down with Brian Riley, Co-Head of Payments at Javelin Strategy & Research, during a PaymentsJournal podcast to discuss the growing demand for B2B cross-border payments and the emerging use cases driving their adoption in industries like insurance and travel. The Pandemic Effect B2B payments have been a cornerstone of commerce for decades, but like many other aspects of business, the pandemic brought significant changes. For one, companies had to grapple with the possibility of their suppliers going out of business. This created an urgent need for processes that could move funds quickly between merchants and suppliers, ensuring payments were delivered reliably. Post-pandemic, many companies diversified their supply chains to reduce risk and work with multiple global suppliers The challenge, however, is that the payment rails in some of these countries may have not been tried and tested. Fundamentally, businesses need assurance that they can pay and get paid quickly, cost-effectively, and reliably across borders. Volatility and Regulation Since the pandemic, two additional factors have been changing the fundamental nature of B2B payments. The first is the impact of volatility. ”At the moment there's a lot of volatility across the political landscape,” said Spiteri. “We saw what happened in the U.S. election and how the Asian market reacted, with significant impact to the Chinese Yuan. Suddenly, there was a lot of fluctuation in FX. If that happens, you need to be able to control those payments in a way that you can predict exactly what's going to happen. It needs to be accurate, reliable, and in real-time.” The second is the increasingly complex regulatory landscape. Given the heightened scrutiny from regulators, it has become more difficult for businesses to rely on a single payment method for global transactions. The immediacy of virtual cards has helped alleviate many of these concerns. “Something I've always liked is how quickly you could settle real-time payments across borders,” said Riley. “The Eurozone was a leader in real-time payments, but now it's moving through many different countries, and it's finally in the U.S. These payments settle once they hit the books, and they clear very quickly and safely.” Advantages of Virtual Cards As a self-confessed ‘cards guy’, in Spiteri’s opinion the biggest challenge with real-time cross-border payments is how you connect a fragmented landscape of localized, regional networks around the world. In addition to global real-time payment networks like that offered by Nium, this is where virtual cards come into play. Being able to move money quickly and securely across borders with virtual cards is a powerful way for businesses to improve liquidity and cash flow management. “Before it was like, pay in 30 days, or pay in 60 days, right?” said Spiteri. “Now, you can pay now. And one of the best ways to do that effectively and guarantee when the payment will arrive is with a virtual card.” One key difference between virtual cards and other real-time payment methods is the chargeback protection that cards offer. If a supplier or merchant goes bankrupt, buyers are guaranteed to recover their funds. Virtual cards also offer better controls. When employees use corporate cards, for example, it can be difficult to reconcile transactions and track where payments are going. Overall, they offer more flexibility. They can be configured as single-use or multi-use cards. A virtual card might be restricted to a specific merchant, set for a particular spending limit,

Cyber fraud presents a unique threat to small and mid-sized financial institutions, which often lack the resources or expertise that major banks possess to fend off account takeovers and other cyberattacks. However, they face the same risks from hackers as any larger institution. In a PaymentsJournal podcast, Mike Kosak, Senior Principal Intelligence Analyst at LastPass, spoke with Tracy (Kitten) Goldberg, Director of Fraud and Security at Javelin Strategy & Research about the evolving threat landscape confronting smaller financial organizations. Their discussion covered the emergence of nation-states as threats, the rise of deepfakes, and why information-sharing may be the most effective defense. Where the Threat Lies The biggest threat currently facing FIs is financially motivated cybercriminals. Their attacks typically focus on finding other ways to access legitimate accounts, as well as infiltrating the institutions themselves. Their goal is to either steal money directly or collect data to use as ransomware. These institutions are also facing threats from so-called hacktivists aiming to cause reputational damage. Such actors seek to acquire data that can embarrass either the institutions or their customers. While these infiltrators are often assumed to be rogue operators or members of hacker gangs, there’s also the possibility that they’re sponsored by nation-states, such as Russia, Iran, or China. “One of the things that smaller financial institutions need to keep in mind is that it's not just the data, it's not just the money, and it's not just ransomware gangs,” said Kosak. “It may be their connections to other organizations. A lot of nation-states are increasingly targeting FIs based on their connections to other organizations, to get their foot in the door within that larger sector.” How Criminals Are Leveraging Social Engineering In the fight against cyberattacks, humans are always the weakest link. The same techniques used to socially engineer consumers into falling for scams can also be waged against bank employees or contact center staff. These employees may then be coerced into divulging sensitive information, such as intellectual property or details about customer accounts. One tactic that has grown in popularity in recent years involves performing reconnaissance on LinkedIn or other social media platforms to figure out the right individuals to target. Once a criminal successfully impersonates an employee, they call the IT help desk to try and reset a password, which also gives them access to protected information. “These attacks are getting much more targeted,” Goldberg said. “They could include everything from stealing from consumers to roping them into money mule activity that's being used to launder funds. This could be used to support some kind of terroristic financing. You might assume it would be larger institutions that would be more concerned about that, but it can trickle down to the smaller institutions as well.” One of the most dangerous threats to smaller banks comes from infostealers, a type of malware designed to collect information from targeted computer systems. Over the past five to seven years, industry specialists have seen these attacks grow by more than 200%. Initial access brokers leveraging infostealers are quick, efficient, and they've got plenty of buyers for the data they pilfer. From a supply-and-demand perspective, this creates strong incentives for others to move into this space. Even when law enforcement disrupts the work of a significant infostealer, there are still plenty of opportunities for initial access brokers to fill the resulting void. Collective Insights Help Fight Fraud When institutions share the threats they encounter and their analysis of the situation, everyone gains from the collective insights. However, when banks choose not to share that information, the only ones who benefit are the threat actors themselves. ...

Amid constant speculation about the future of payments technology, the ACH Network had its best year yet. The ACH Network processed more transactions, moved higher dollar values, and established more use cases for businesses and consumers. With new initiatives on the way designed to increase security and foster innovation, the ACH Network’s impressive growth could just be beginning.  In a recent PaymentsJournal podcast, Michael Herd, Executive Vice President of ACH Network Administration at Nacha, and Elisa Tavilla, Director of Debit Payments at Javelin Strategy & Research, discussed the growth areas for the ACH Network, the continued rise of Same Day ACH, and the future of the platform. Milestone Growth The ACH Network is a firmly established payment network that connects to nearly every U.S. bank account, making last year’s growth even more impressive. In 2024, the ACH Network added more than 2 billion payments to its annual volume, reaching a total of 33.6 billion payments. ACH’s 6.7% growth rate significantly outpaced the previous year's 4.8% increase. The scope and scale of the ACH Network are highlighted by its remarkable dollar volume: more than $86 trillion was moved on the ACH Network last year, representing a 7.5% year-over-year increase. Nacha also reported that consumers are increasingly making bill payments and account transfers online. In fact, online ACH payments grew by 8.4% last year to exceed 10.7 billion payments, making it the single largest category of ACH payments. The second-largest growth area for ACH was business-to-business payments, which increased by 11.6% in 2024, reaching a total of 7.4 billion payments. Within this segment are healthcare claim payments, where insurers compensate medical providers, including doctors, dentists and hospitals. This category grew by roughly 5%, surpassing 500 million payments. “The third-highest growth area was Direct Deposit transactions, which have been the bread-and-butter ACH transactions over the years,” Herd said. “That includes payroll, benefit payments, and other types of consumer payments. We continue to see growth in that segment at 8.6 billion payments, which was a 3.7% year-over-year increase. Overall, there was across-the-board growth in anything that begins life electronically and digitally, and a sharp decline in anything that started off based on a paper check.” Renewed Interest The declining usage of checks accelerated during the pandemic, when staffing an office to issue, receive, and deposit high volumes of checks became a challenge. Since then, there hasn’t been a reversion to paper checks, even among small businesses. Security, cost, and convenience concerns have driven the shift to alternative payment methods. “Several retailers stopped accepting paper checks in their stores last year, including Target and Petco,” Tavilla said. “Primarily, this is because there's very low consumer demand to pay with checks anymore. More retailers are offering decoupled debit or their private label debit cards, which the consumer can use to pay with funds from their checking account, and they can also take advantage of rewards and loyalty incentives that are offered by that retailer.” For years, large mobile carriers like Verizon, T-Mobile and AT&T have offered autopay discounts to incentivize their customers to move away from paper payments in favor of ACH. In addition, the ongoing push for eco-friendly, low-cost solutions has spurred interest in one of the original ACH use cases: recurring bill payments. “We've seen interest in recurring ACH for things like donations and subscriptions, where you have a repeat payment scenario between a known payer and payee that looks a lot like a bill payment,” Herd said. “It's not quite literally paying a bill, but the payment characteristics look almost exactly like it. That's a sweet spot for recurring ACH debit in those use cases.” The peer-to-peer space is another area of growth ...

Criminals are continually looking for ways to circumvent fraud detection systems, and money mules have become a popular vehicle to move illicit funds between accounts. Mules are favored because they are effective—often, they are everyday people, many of whom are already customers of a financial institution who have passed verification checks. Glenn Fratangelo, Head of Fraud Product Marketing at NICE Actimize, and Jennifer Pitt, Senior Fraud and Security Analyst at Javelin Strategy & Research, sat down for a PaymentsJournal podcast to discuss the evolving ways money mules are deployed, their impacts on banks, and the ways financial institutions can protect themselves from this emerging threat. Scam-Fluencing Recruits One of the most disheartening aspects of the money mule phenomenon is that it often isn’t difficult for criminals to recruit help. In many cases, mules are ordinary people that are willingly moving funds for criminals in exchange for a portion of the proceeds. These individuals can be students, retirees, or lower-income individuals who are looking for financial relief. Criminals deliberately target those who seem unexceptional to avoid raising suspicion. In many cases, mules are recruited through social media, where there is often a receptive audience. “On TikTok, Facebook, and YouTube, there is almost a gamification or a scam-fluence, where individuals are diminishing the level of criminality associated with becoming a mule,” Fratangelo said. “When it’s being presented on social media platforms with fast-paced music and an engaging speaker, magically it becomes not illegal to become a money mule. It’s being driven by the idea of easy money.” Though some mules are willing participants, there are also many instances where the mule is being coerced, blackmailed, or tricked into moving the funds. In these cases, the mule is just as much a fraud victim as the institution. “There is a victim/perpetrator paradox here, where these mules are active participants, but many are scam victims themselves,” Fratangelo said. “It makes it even more morally and legally complex, because how do you classify these individuals? Oftentimes, financial institutions find themselves stuck between wanting to stop the criminal activity, but also not wanting to further victimize the mule if they are in the cycle of scam and victim.” A Trojan Horse Regardless of how the mule was recruited, many of them are already in the institution and have already passed control checks. Once they become a mule, they have effectively become a trojan horse within the financial institution that is used for short-term, high-value transactions. The technology available to criminals since the advent of generative AI only adds to the sophistication of money mule operations. Cybercriminals can combine AI agents and automation to create accounts and facilitate mule recruitment on a massive scale. “The ability of generative AI tools to create synthetic identities that look indistinguishable from real people makes it hard to identify fraud,” Fratangelo said. “They operate in a 24/7 environment where thousands of accounts can be created simultaneously, and they're incredibly believable.” In addition to AI, the digital payments revolution has created vulnerabilities that criminals can exploit. Payments are faster, more frictionless, and increasingly global, which allows criminals to move money quickly and in substantial amounts. Perpetual Verification The emerging technologies, coupled with the availability of mules, has created a devastating ripple effect that goes beyond fraud. Money mules enable money laundering, terrorist financing, and a multitude of other nefarious activities. Addressing money mules requires an approach that considers the whole customer lifecycle. From the start, there should be robust identity verification checks, but Know Your Customer (KYC) checks shouldn’t stop there.

The buzz is growing louder. Many merchants are tired of navigating intricate payout processes that drain valuable time and resources. They want to be rid of payment headaches and welcome more seamless efficiency. Merchants demand a cutting-edge payout solution that helps them focus on their business while giving them the peace of mind that the complexities of their payout operations have been managed. A Personalized Payouts Experience Payouts have historically taken a back seat to adding new payment acceptance functionality for consumers and the resulting experience can be fragmented and inefficient. Each market has its own set of payout rails that can be leveraged by domestic merchants but trying to cobble together a unified, global payout experience that allows for personalization has been a substantial challenge for organizations. In a recent PaymentsJournal podcast, John McNaught, Senior Vice President and General Manager of Payouts at Worldpay, and Don Apgar, Director of Merchant Payments at Javelin Strategy & Research, discussed the importance of payouts, the ways merchants can customize the customer experience and the innovative tools that can optimize payouts. No Longer Ignored One of the main reasons there hasn’t been substantial headway in the payouts space is that it hasn’t been a high priority for many organizations. While merchants have fiercely competed over the shopper checkout experience, payouts have often been deprioritized and accomplished using traditional systems. In the insurance industry, the payout experience was often purposefully neglected in the past. For example, an insurance company may have intentionally caused a poor payout experience by delaying the payment for weeks and sending a paper check in the mail. The company might have hoped that the check would get lost or stolen or the beneficiary would forget to take the check to the bank. “That type of thinking has changed in the last few years because there has been an increase in competition,” McNaught said. “Particularly amongst marketplaces and similar platforms, the payout experience can drive overall ecosystem participation and directly generate more content and more goods for sale. It has made the payout experience something that can no longer be ignored and it’s a space where many platforms are now competing.” As these platforms aim for global reach, they have faced significant challenges. Merchants have often relied on local payment rails accessed through traditional banking partners to pay domestic beneficiaries. However, when the beneficiary is located outside the merchant’s country, the payment experience often deteriorates dramatically. “Oftentimes, the wrong currency arrives for the beneficiary and it might take three to five working days for the funds to arrive,” McNaught said. “The merchant might not know exactly how much to expect because correspondent banks will take off a varying amount from the transaction principal. It's a horrible experience for beneficiaries and it’s a barrier to adoption for the service they're being paid.”  Gradual Realization In the past, many merchants held onto their cash as long as possible, a practice that —while giving businesses greater control over the timing and management of payouts —often led to inefficient processes. This manual approach lacked transparency and created a frustrating experience for consumers. “In fairness to merchants, there weren’t many good solutions for payouts up until the last couple of years,” Apgar said. “Now that merchants have new tools available, they are realizing that the benefits of a positive customer experience outweigh what you gain by optimizing payouts to the benefit of the company. It underscores how important the customer experience has become in all facets of interaction.” When payout beneficiaries become aware of mechanisms and rails that allow them to receive payments reliably, in their preferred currency,

Payment integration is a powerful way to improve the user experience on any software platform by offering benefits that extend far beyond simple transaction processing. However, many business owners may hesitate to hand over such a critical function to an outside party. During a PaymentsJournal podcast, Jessica Tate, manager of customer success at CSG Forte, Nathan Miller, president and founder of Rentec Direct, and Don Apgar, director of merchant payments at Javelin Strategy & Research, discussed the benefits of integrating payments, the remarkable growth it can drive, and the future of payments integration in the software industry. One-Stop Shop One of the central benefits of payment integration is its ability to keep users engaged on the platform. However, users also have high expectations for the payment experience, including access to diverse payment options and secure transactions. Meeting these demands can be a heavy lift, which is why many software companies partner with dedicated payment providers. “It’s a one-stop shop, which improves the user experience,” Tate said. “Merchants can offer multiple payment options like ACH, credit cards or debit cards, which accommodates diverse customer preferences. There are also increased revenue opportunities. Some payment partners offer revenue-sharing models, while others will bill the merchant directly. Or we can bill a partner and the partner will, in turn, bill their merchants.” Integrating payments also opens opportunities for upselling and cross selling by leveraging insights from payment data to identify new products or services to offer. As an added benefit, many payment processors can leverage their connections to a larger framework of financial institutions and processors. Most payment partners offer advanced fraud detection and prevention tools alongside their payment integration solutions. They also offer data encryption and compliance tools to ensure secure handling of sensitive payment data, which helps maintain trust with end users. “For a software company like us, we want to focus on what we do well,” Miller said. “We write software for property managers and landlords, and our job is to streamline their day and make their life and their processes easier. Payment processing is a whole different beast, and we wouldn't want to recreate that when it's already been created by others. It makes a whole lot more sense for us to integrate into an existing solution.” A Growth Driver Better payment processing improves the user experience, and is also a powerful growth driver for organizations. Faster transactions improve cash flow, allowing companies to reinvest in operations more quickly. Reducing payment failures also ensures consistent revenue. “A lot of software companies are realizing that payments are not only integral to the functionality of the software, but a good revenue driver as well,” Apgar said. “Our research found that less than half of merchants now source their payment acceptance or merchant account from their bank versus their technology provider, which really speaks to the fact that payments align better with the technology workflow than with a bank.” Turning to a dedicated payment partner can help software platforms implement a recurring payments model for steady and predictable income streams from subscriptions. Organizations will also be able to streamline their operations because all services and functionalities are available on a single platform. “It reduces the need to switch between different systems or interfaces for the customer, and in tandem with that comes increased time efficiency,” Tate said. “Payments platforms can provide real-time data sharing across departments or teams, which enhances collaboration. Software companies can also leverage integrated data to offer tailored recommendations or services to their customers, which enhances the user experience by customizing it.”

The United States employs multiple real-time payment schemes; however, unlike those in many emerging markets, these methods are not driven by a central government or central bank. In the absence of a centralized entity to organize payment processes, other stakeholders must take the lead in enabling instant, cross-border transactions. In a recent PaymentsJournal podcast, Alex Johnson, Chief Payments Officer at Nium and Albert Bodine, Director of Commercial and Enterprise Payments at Javelin Strategy & Research, discussed the latest efforts aimed at integrating the U.S. into the realm of international real-time payments. The U.S Plays Catch-Up In many ways, the U.S. economic landscape lags behind some emerging economies in payments innovation. This is partly because emerging markets have faced more pressing challenges, driving them to harness technological advancements to help solve specific, regionally unique use cases. “Compared to networks like UPI in India and Pix in Brazil, our level of maturity and sophistication in the United States is not quite there yet,” Bodine said. “As most people know, RTP and FedNow are not even interoperable now.” But, it’s time for the U.S. to catch up. One of the key drivers of payments innovation in the U.S. is the global supply chain. Even small and medium-sized businesses are starting to source goods and services from regions like India. In India, real-time payments are the most widely used payment method for both citizens and businesses. Extending the supply chain to India therefore requires developing systems that can facilitate real-time payments effectively in that market. A significant advantage of real-time payments is their efficiency. They always provide complete visibility into the payment’s status, letting buyers optimize their working capital for a longer period. However, sellers may prefer traditional payment methods, as they often receive their funds slightly earlier. “CFOs don’t want to see money go out of their account in 20 seconds,” said Bodine. “We have to look at the strategic coexistence of all the pay types and not assume that any one is going to be applicable to all situations.” Fraud Concerns With the rise of real-time payments, there has been an increase in account-to-account fraud for those sending payments. But, real-time payments are not inherently riskier than traditional methods. Since the money moves instantly, there is never any question about its status at any point in time. Account verification plays a big role in boosting confidence in the global adoption of real-time payments. For example, if someone is completing a transaction to Nigeria or Thailand, it’s now possible to verify the ownership of the receiving account. “You can put in an account number and name, ping our API, and within seconds you get a response to say, ‘Yep, that matches’ or ‘No, it doesn't,’” said Johnson. “In some jurisdictions, we can also pass back the actual name on the account. You can be absolutely certain that the money's going to exactly who you think it's going to, separate from and prior to a transaction. That's a huge prevention of fraud, giving people more comfort in using real time payments. We've seen a 58% reduction in return transactions just by the use of this tool.” A Partnering Plan The global cross-border payments network is led by Swift, run by a consortium of international banks. What many may not realize is that a Swift transaction is not the payment itself, but rather the messaging service. Swift acts as a tool that creates interoperability between different payment systems. Most financial institutions have already completed the integration with Swift, allowing them to use its functionality to send wires globally. “At Nium, we can now accept transactions via Swift messages from financial institutions,” said Johnson. “They can make Nium an intermediary on those transactions,

The most familiar example of surcharging might be the cash-or-credit pricing at gas stations, but more businesses are following that lead. While it’s becoming common for customers to pay for the right to use a credit card at restaurants and retailers, credit card surcharging hasn’t been a common practice in the healthcare industry.  In a recent PaymentsJournal podcast, Ali Badawy, Director of Enterprise Healthcare Payments Solutions at U.S. Bank, and Don Apgar, Director of Merchant Payments at Javelin Strategy & Research, discussed how healthcare providers can leverage credit card surcharging to cut costs significantly while keeping their customers engaged. Consumer Conditioning Credit card surcharging has been permitted in most states since 2013, and it allows businesses to offset the credit card processing fees charged by card brands like Visa®, Mastercard®, and Discover®. The fees are instead passed to the customer when they use a credit card at the point of sale. The surcharge amount is often a percentage of the overall purchase and can range from 1% - 4% and can be applied in any environment where a cardholder makes a payment—in-store, online, and even in text-to-pay. Surcharges are only allowed for credit card transactions, so consumers can avoid them if they pay by debit card, check, ACH, or cash. “When surcharging was launched, business customers were skeptical, and understandably so,” Badawy said. “However, as it has developed over the years, consumers are more conditioned to it. If a customer’s transaction is in the government space, or with an online retailer or service business, those environments have adopted surcharging to where now consumers expect it.” The Proliferation of Surcharging The normalization of surcharging has expanded its use cases, which now covers industries across the spectrum. As businesses have shifted online, surcharging has evolved to become a factor in e-commerce. The driving force behind the proliferation of surcharging is cost savings. Even though credit card fees of 1% to 4% might seem relatively nominal, the aggregate can quickly become a significant amount. Reducing those costs is what makes surcharging attractive to business owners, especially for enterprise-scale businesses. “For example, a large healthcare franchise in the ambulatory space was exploring options to help their franchisees reduce their overall costs,” Badawy said. “After they researched surcharging, they found out they could save over $1 million each year based on their volume numbers.” A Safe Strategy The main concern about surcharging is that it could alienate customers, but that is rarely the case. Once a business starts a surcharge program, they are highly unlikely to terminate it. “There are often apprehensions when an organization’s average ticket size is large, ranging from $5,000 to $20,000,” Badawy said. “The business owner might be concerned that if they apply a surcharge, they will lose the customer, but that’s usually the farthest thing from the truth. Healthcare providers might still be reluctant to surcharge because it isn’t a common practice in the industry yet, but those concerns are likely unfounded. “Most consumers aren’t shopping for a healthcare provider based on cost,” Apgar said. “They go to a doctor or a dentist because they have a connection with that provider and they’re receiving good care. Especially in industries like healthcare, where there can be substantial inelasticity in pricing, a nominal credit card surcharge isn’t enough to alienate a customer. From a business perspective, it's an increasingly safe strategy to use.” Every Endpoint When researching banks or processors that offer both credit card processing and surcharging, business owners should also look for a processor that specializes in healthcare. In addition, the business owner should understand if the platform allows surcharging at every endpoint where the provider collects pa...

Financial institutions are exploring new ways to attract younger savers, and their payment habits are evolving in turn. Credit cards have now edged out debit cards as the preferred choice, even among younger generations. Additionally, digital wallets and peer-to-peer methods like Venmo and PayPal are gaining significant traction in this demographic.   Velera’s Eye on Payments study, a comprehensive annual assessment of payment choices among credit union members and other financial institutions, examines how these trends shift over time. Now in its seventh year, the research delves into the factors shaping consumer choices across various payment methods, with a particular focus on how these preferences evolve at different life stages.  In a recent PaymentsJournal podcast, Velera’s Tom Pierce, Chief Marketing & Communications Officer, and Norm Patrick, Vice President of Velera’s Advisors Plus, discussed the findings from this year’s survey with Brian Riley, Co-Head of Payments for Javelin Strategy & Research. They also explored how credit unions can leverage these insights to better serve their members. Credit Over Debit After five years of debit cards dominating payment preferences, Velera’s research reveals a notable shift toward credit. This year, 37% of respondents indicated a preference for using credit at the point of sale, surpassing debit at 35%. Relatedly, 40% of credit union members reported applying for a credit card within the past year. Source: Velera's Eye on Payments 2024 report Among younger demographics, the trend is even more pronounced. Half of both older and younger millennials, as well as Gen Z respondents, stated that they had applied for a credit card in the last 12 months. Velera’s findings show a 40% preference for credit as the primary payment method within these younger age groups. “That generational flip is really important in the credit union industry because of the aging membership,” said Riley. “Being able to react and have the right offerings in place for the younger generations is something that's essential for credit unions.” Other Payment Methods Mobile wallet usage has seen a significant surge in recent years. The percentage of respondents using a mobile wallet at least a couple of times a month jumped from 27% in 2022 to 34% in 2023, and this year, that figure rose to 50%. Overall, about 60% of credit union members plan to implement mobile wallets within the next six months. Not surprisingly, the lion's share of this activity is driven by younger consumers. Source: Velera's Eye on Payments 2024 report This demographic also expresses strong concerns about fraud and identity theft, highlighting the importance of engaging with them to build trust and increase their comfort with the fraud prevention tools issuers offer. Another payment method that has experienced a substantial increase is peer-to-peer (P2P) payments. Just 12% of respondents reported using P2P as a primary payment method in 2023, but that number more than doubled in 2024, rising to 25%. “As we look at the younger generations, there are a lot more people who are using P2P as a primary method,” said Patrick. “It's important that they be educated with the ins and outs of using those different solutions. When you have money sitting in your Venmo account, it is outside of the financial institution. It may not be insured, and it may not be a fraud check for losses. “With the boomer generation, there isn't a ton of interest in P2P,” he said. “In fact, 62% of those surveyed said they do not use P2P type of methods at all. But that means that there is some that do, and there could be some opportunity to encourage them to do more.” Design for Living Card design is also top-of-mind. In fact, more than half of credit union members said that card design influences what type of card they choose to use on a regular basis. “That was up from 39% last year,

Over the past five years, the U.S. has experienced an average of $18 billion annually in natural disaster-related damages. Millions of individuals are impacted by natural disasters each year, facing financial challenges such as damage to homes, the need for temporary shelter, and the replacement of personal belongings and food. With delays in funds distribution due to legacy payout methods and outdated processes, there has been a focus on the benefits of using prepaid cards for payouts. One popular solution to help people recover is prepaid cards. In a recent PaymentsJournal podcast, Marchelle Becher, Business Development Executive with B4B Payments and Jordan Hirschfield, Director of Prepaid at Javelin Strategy & Research, spoke about how these cards have become an essential tool for addressing the needs of disaster victims. Looking for Ways to Help The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has been considering changes in the way it provides financial resources for victims of natural disasters. Given the frequency of disasters, aid programs and funders are becoming more proactive rather than reactive. “We've seen this past year that while we're reacting to Disaster A, Disaster B is hitting,” said Becher. “And when you look at what type of recovery aid is needed, there's a gap between those who need immediate aid for basic necessities versus the need for long-term assistance.” Prepaid fills the critical gap to deliver funds immediately to those without bank accounts and to those who don’t have access to their bank cards due to disasters. FEMA recognizes that prepaid cards are well suited to meet the distribution needs when disaster strikes. Traditional payment methods can be slow and costly, unlike prepaid cards that can be issued immediately, reloaded securely and simplify the reconciliation and reporting process. The flexibility of prepaid cards allows funders to set spend controls (closed-loop) for specific merchant purchases or (open-loop) allowing recipients to make purchases based on their individual family needs. Funders and recipients prefer the convenience and security of reloadable prepaid cards or virtual cards that can be used immediately for online purchases or loaded to a digital wallet. And the process is very streamlined. Unfortunately, survivors of natural disasters are left to navigate complex bureaucratic processes and the painful task of putting their lives back together. Dealing with the loss of property, emotional trauma and potential change in employment is compounded when trying to navigate the complex financial aid paperwork leading to delays in aid disbursement,” said Becher. “It can be months to years before funds are ever in the hands of those that need them. Most recently we've seen it with Maui, where over a year after those fires hit, there are still people who haven't received any funds.” Tracking Information Another benefit of prepaid cards is the ability to track how the funds are being used. These programs receive funds from many different organizations, and often, the funders want to determine how the money should be spent. With a prepaid program, they can restrict those funds to be used solely for food and housing, or make them inaccessible via ATM. At the same time, the ability to track spending gives funders insight into the needs of those affected. They can see how much is being spent in each category, as well as how quickly the funds are being used—whether that’s within the first couple days or over a longer period of time. Features like dynamic spend control and just-in-time funding help organizations improve cash flow and reduce fraud risk. “Accountability by both the recipients of the funds and also those who are in charge of distribution of funds is extremely important,” said Becher. “This information will help in the coming months and years as we continue to deal with natural disasters and build humanitarian aid programs to help.

The payments industry has seen such rapid growth and dramatic technological advancements in recent years that conferences have become a crucial way to stay connected to the pulse of the space. There are few bigger industry events than Nacha’s Smarter Faster Payments 2025, which will kick off in New Orleans next spring. In a recent PaymentsJournal podcast, Peter Tapling, Managing Director of PTap Advisory and a member of the Conference Planning Committee, Ashley Mustico, Director of Education and Accreditation at Nacha, and Brian Riley, Director of Credit and Co-Head of Payments at Javelin Strategy & Research, discussed the topics on tap for next year’s conference, the exhibitor experience, and the multitude of ways that payments professionals can make new connections. The Payments Prom Nacha might be most associated with the ACH network it governs, but the Smarter Faster Payments conference encompasses the entire payments ecosystem. Last year, the conference drew over 2,200 attendees, including professionals from financial institutions, fintechs, and organizations that serve as end users of payments services. “It’s like the prom of the payments industry,” Tapling said. “You'll run into a lot of people who support the ecosystem, everything from consultants and service providers to regulators, not just the staff who write the rules around the ACH.” Smarter Faster Payments also differs from other conferences because the speakers and leaders aren’t whisked away once their talk is complete. Attendees will get the chance to meet and engage with the speakers, exchange business cards, connect on LinkedIn, and carry the conversation forward. “The attendees come because they know that the conference offers unmatched access to first class payments education,” Mustico said. “People know that when they come here, they're going to walk away with fresh ideas, brand new partnerships, the exchange of business cards, and practical, tangible solutions to everyday concerns that they're facing at their organizations.” Covering the Spectrum There will be 10 main topics, or tracks, that the educational sessions will cover. Many of these sessions will provide different solutions to the same central question—how do organizations provide the innovation that their customers deserve and the frictionless experience that they crave, while staying compliant and keeping them safe at the same time? The tracks were selected to cover the full spectrum of the payments industry, highlighting innovations across various payment rails, evolving regulations shaping the industry, and strategies for mitigating fraud and risk. One of the innovations being implemented in every facet of the payments industry is artificial intelligence. Organizations are using AI to detect fraud, enhance security, and drive efficiency, and that is why there is a new track at the Smarter Faster Payments conference that is dedicated to AI. “We're going to see a lot of Rule 1033 content, which came out of the CFPB quite recently,” Tapling said. “The conference planning committee had hundreds of session submissions, and it's always a tough effort to read those, understand those, and make sure we have a great mix of content and speakers and not too much overlap.” In addition to the informational content, there will be recognition for those professionals who have been selected by the 15 under 40 program. The program is for under-40 professionals who have made significant impacts on the payments ecosystem. “I would be remiss if I didn't mention our awesome keynotes this year,” Mustico said. “We have Mike Massimino, who's coming to talk about the importance of cohesive teamwork, which he knows just a little bit about from his time as a NASA astronaut, where he worked on the Hubble Telescope. Then we have Kyle Sheely, who’s an author and an influencer, and he's going to be talking about nurturing ideas that can lead to more innovation.”

Money 20/20, one of the largest financial conferences in the world, has become a must-attend for payments, fintech, and banking professionals. This year, hot topics included instant payments, cross-border payments, and the integration of AI into fintech. However, the acceleration of payments innovations has also caused a decided shift in the show’s tone. In a recent PaymentsJournal podcast, Oscar Munoz, Vice President of Sales at Euronet Worldwide, and James Wester, Director of Cryptocurrency and Co-Head of Payments at Javelin Strategy & Research, discussed their experiences at Money 20/20, their insights on the payments industry, and the factors driving payments modernization. The Next Guy Thousands of companies at Money 20/20 showcased innovations spanning everything from cards to account-to-account payments. Alongside these advancements, there was just as much emphasis on fraud prevention and risk management. As payments continue to accelerate, security has become a pressing priority. One of the most talked-about topics discussed at Money 20/20 was the incredible growth of instant payments. The rising adoption of real-time payments has driven a demand for modernized platforms capable of supporting them. At past conferences, financial services firms often adopted a “wait-and-see” approach, observing how innovations might impact the industry before diving in themselves. However, that mindset has shifted. The industry is already embracing next-generation payment solutions, including instant payments, cross-border payments, and stablecoins. “There's no more waiting and seeing, because to take advantage of any of those payment options for your customers, you must have a modernized payment infrastructure,” Wester said. “The assumption is you've used the last decade to modernize your payment infrastructure. If you haven't, you had better get going, because everything that's going to happen from here requires that you have gotten to that point.” McKinsey conducted a recent study about the costs of delaying a payments modernization project, which found that keeping and maintaining legacy systems was draining roughly 70% of organizations’ IT budgets, and it would only become more expensive as time goes by. “Many have thought that modernization projects are something for the next guy to do,” Munoz said. “When you see what is happening today, which is you have 30-year-old code that was great and built for purpose, but then that updates are coming out twice a year, minimum. People are realizing that you have to go through (payments modernization). It's no longer the next guy, you are the next guy.” Orchestrating Options Despite the various alternative payment methods available, cards are expected to maintain their dominance. The card market is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 7.9% from 2023 to 2028, driven by an increasingly digital landscape. In three years, Euronet estimates that 95% of card payments in developed markets will be contactless, while virtual cards continue to gain traction.  While cards remain a staple, instant payments are experiencing impressive growth, especially in markets outside the U.S. For example, instant payments are growing at a CAGR of 30% to 40% in countries like India and Brazil. However, the appeal of instant payments extends beyond speed—they also play a pivotal role in accelerating financial inclusion by reducing costs and expanding access for underbanked populations.  As the array of payment options proliferates, payment orchestration is becoming essential. Recent studies show that 60% of enterprises with revenues exceeding $500 million are considering payments orchestration platforms. These platforms can improve rates by up to 20% while increasing security and scalability. “It's all about that optionality for businesses and consumers,” Wester said. “You have to support all those options, but then you have to be able to support them across...

Organizations seeking more flexibility and sophistication in devising transaction fee and commission structures are increasingly turning to rules-based fees engines.  Billing systems are designed to handle invoicing and collect payments, but they are limited in their ability to help companies create new fees and commissions. Rules-based fees engines allow payment processors to stay competitive and profitable, enabling them to offer new value-added services, develop creative incentive programs, create new revenue streams, and respond quickly to market shifts. In a recent PaymentsJournal podcast, BHMI’s Chief Technology Officer Mike Meeks and Senior Program Director Cheryl Fitzgarrald spoke with James Wester, Co-Head of Payments at Javelin Strategy & Research, about the advantages of rules-based fees engines and who benefits from them. Developing the Solution Rules-based engines allow fees and commissions to be configured from any combination of attributes, such as the payment method used, the amount, the merchant category, and the time of day the transaction occurs. Unlike traditional billing systems, a rules-based fees engine provides the ability to measure and test the financial viability of new fees and commissions before they are implemented. “Back in 2004, we were approached by one of the country's largest debit networks, which was not able to introduce new products or new pricing strategies without long software development cycles,” said Meeks. “All of their rules for how they price things were embedded in code, which made it very slow and costly to roll out new structures and to respond to what their sales teams were asking them to do in a timely manner.” “They needed a solution that was flexible and could meet unforeseen future requirements,” he said. “That's what drove us to the concept of a rules-based engine and the kind of open-ended capabilities it would provide. For more than 20 years now, we've been implementing these solutions for companies all over the world.” This solution gives companies the ability to be creative and innovative, supporting any business opportunity, client relationship, or product offering that marketing and sales bring to the table. It also speeds up time to market, as new fee and commission structures can be quickly configured and implemented. “Research is showing that there is a requirement now in payments for companies to be able to pivot quickly, to be able to bring products to market quickly and to not necessarily be held hostage by those development cycles,” Wester said. A modern rules-based fees engine should have the flexibility to create any type of fee or commission on any type of payment transaction. This includes card-based transactions as well as account-to-account and real-time payments. It should also have no limitations on the types of fees or commissions that can be configured and should allow for additions and modifications without requiring software changes or downtime.  Another important factor is that the system must be able to access payments data in real time, applying the appropriate fees or commissions while the transaction is still in flight. Finally, rules-based fees engines should provide companies with a real-time view of fee revenues, enabling them to analyze the financial impact of those revenues and easily determine if adjustments are needed. Under the Hood A rules-based fees engine integrates data from multiple sources. The most common way to access data from these sources is real-time APIs, but in some cases, automated file-based mechanisms are required, depending on what is supported by the originating data source. “The typical sources that we see are credit and debit card transactions that an authorization system is writing to a transaction log file, a clearing system that creates a clearing file for POS dual message systems, and a card network that creates a settlement reconciliation file,” said Meeks.

As the world hurtles headlong toward real-time payments, speed and efficiency have often been prioritized over security. However, with faster payments comes faster fraud, and just as organizations deploy technology to streamline their systems, criminals are deploying complex schemes on a global scale. In a recent PaymentsJournal podcast, Dal Sahota, Director of Trusted Payments at LSEG Risk Intelligence, and Brian Riley, Director of Credit and Co-Head of Payments at Javelin Strategy & Research, discussed the prevalence of fraud, the challenges it presents as payments accelerate, and the ways organizations can defend themselves. Sophistication at Scale Criminals seize upon any weakness they can exploit. They might imitate genuine companies or individuals using deepfake IDV profiling and attempt to manipulate organizations, or use authorized push payment scams to defraud vulnerable individuals. “Is there ever a day where I don't hear a new anecdote about fraud, or new evidence of fraudsters’ sophistication?” Sahota said. “The sophistication is at a scale we’ve never seen before, and it’s across the globe. It's not one or two individuals, its highly sophisticated networks that are creating a dramatic impact and financial consequences across the ecosystem.” Traditionally, payment systems had built-in delay payment processing, particularly to provide a buffer for merchants, customers, and institutions. The added time gave all parties an opportunity to ensure that the transaction was legitimate and authorized. As technology has accelerated payment processing, the objective has shifted to delivering funds to recipients in real time. However, this eliminates the longstanding safety net, as instant payments are often irrevocable. “A good example is credit cards, which traditionally took three days to reconcile,” Riley said. “It was practical because the business model was built in the 60s and 70s and that delay was inherent. Now even debit card payments, or a clearance on a check, they happen in a snap. It's important to have controls on the front end of the process rather than on the back-end settlement.” A Perfect Storm Guardrails are even more critical as cross-border payments gain traction. Fraud is more difficult to catch when payments are sent across different jurisdictions, and criminals know that. “It’s a payments perfect storm where on one side you have faster payments, which create a lot of benefits across the marketplace,” Sahota said. “But at the same time, on the right-hand side of that storm, the deep clouds of fraud are exposing vulnerabilities due to the speed at which payments can move today.” Faster cross-border payments face issues on several levels. Some countries have fraud controls built into their financial infrastructure that make it simpler to conduct bank account verification, and to identify and share data on fraudulent accounts and cards. “Banks are typically linked through the central bank, so there's an easier flow in countries like the U.S. or Canada,” Riley said. “Without that link, there's no universal banking rule for fraud mitigation or vetting payments. You have that complexity where it's going faster, it's crossing borders, and countries have different standards for fraud management throughout.” High Exposure Fraud vulnerability is especially pronounced in industries that are less regulated or lag behind in adopting digital payment processing. These organizations are more likely to rely on paper-based or email-based communications, which create exploitable weaknesses for criminals. Authorized push payment fraud, where criminals send phony invoices or pose as vendors, has become a rampant threat. Criminals know it can be difficult for larger organizations that receive invoices from multiple supply chains and multiple vendors to keep tabs on each invoice. “When an update comes through from a vendor that their bank details have been updated,

Prepaid cards are in the midst of a dramatic transformation. With the incorporation of digital wallets, contactless payments, and artificial intelligence, prepaid cards have quickly become one of the most popular payment tools. In a recent PaymentsJournal podcast, Mani Farhang, Vice President of Product at Fiserv Gift Solutions, and Jordan Hirschfield, Director of Prepaid at Javelin Strategy & Research, discussed the key innovations occurring in the prepaid space and the ways merchants can leverage them to drive customer engagement. A Generational Shift The prepaid card market was once dominated by financial giants like Visa and Mastercard, but PayPal and Apple have emerged in the industry. And it’s no coincidence that these two companies also offer two of the leading digital wallets.   “The themes in the industry are the broader shift to digital payments and increasing integration into first-party and third-party wallets,” said Farhang. “Our research indicates that 70% of consumers have downloaded a merchant app to store gift cards and fulfill loyalty rewards. This is driven by a generational shift—millennials and Gen Z are more likely to use digital gifting and take advantage of stored value in loyalty programs.” In the prepaid industry, Starbucks has been the beacon for other brands to follow due to its success with end-to-end loyalty programs. One important aspect of Starbucks’ prepaid program is how it bridges between physical and digital gift cards. For many consumers, a physical gift card is their introduction to a brand. Organizations who follow Starbucks’ lead and offer customers the means to digitize their cards into a stored-value wallet can use the initial interaction to introduce consumers to their loyalty and reward program. “That incentivization makes for a more immersive experience for the consumer, not just in gifting but in self-use,” Hirschfield said. “There is also the opportunity to engage customers beyond the value of the initial card. For merchants, they don't want the initial prepaid card to be the only interaction—they want it to become the start of a cyclical relationship.” Lifetime Value Merchants have an opportunity to expand their prepaid program by upgrading their payments terminals to support contactless payments. Contactless payment through near-field communication (NFC) technology has revolutionized the payments industry, and NFC has begun to gain traction in prepaid. There has also been the emergence of omnichannel, multi-purse wallets, which are first-party wallets that act as stored-value containers for multiple funding types. These wallets give consumers multiple ways to fund their stored-value wallet, whether through gift cards, pay-by-bank, debit cards, or credit. For merchants, it’s another way to engage and reward loyal customers. “Moving forward, there is the opportunity for brands to offer rebates and rewards, and even integrate third-party health and wellness programs into their digital ecosystem,” Farhang said. “The orchestration of disparate payment instruments into one ledger is advancing the integration with contactless payments.” These instruments are frequently contained in digital wallets, which are increasingly becoming the primary option for consumers, even in brick-and-mortar transactions. Businesses should have a strategy to leverage digital wallets so they can reward consumers and pre-load funds into wallets, which is a key opportunity to offer discounts and create exclusivity. Many mid-tier businesses utilize platforms that provide white-labeled apps and digital wallets that can be integrated with a merchant’s existing app, which allows them to merge loyalty points from multiple brands into a single source. Though first-party wallets are a powerful tool, third-party wallets like Apple Pay and Google Wallet should also be incorporated in an end-to-end loyalty program. “The more you engage with a customer the more you remove t...

As fraudsters become more innovative in their schemes, Nacha is rolling out new rules to address emerging fraud risks, particularly scams involving business email compromise, vendor impersonation, and the increasing use of money mules. These key changes, centered around the ACH rules, began rolling out in October and will continue through 2026. In a recent PaymentsJournal podcast, Glenn Fratangelo, Head of Fraud Prevention Product Strategy and Marketing at NICE Actimize, and Suzanne Sando, Senior Analyst of Fraud and Security at Javelin Strategy & Research, discussed what financial institutions need to do to enhance their fraud detection programs to better protect both banks and customers. The Growing Threat There’s no doubt that authorized fraud is on the rise. Fraud threats have increased in both volume and complexity, especially as payment innovations evolve to keep up with advancements in technology, as well as consumer and business needs. “Javelin has noted these increases over the last few years in terms of imposter scams, fraud, and other new activity,” said Sando. “Anecdotally, we're hearing so much about imposter activity, which is becoming more sophisticated and convincing. It relies on that sense of urgency for the unsuspecting customer to act, and it's not going to go away anytime soon. The digital and fast-paced nature of payments has really emphasized the importance of dealing with the problem.” In the past, Receiving Depository Financial Institutions (RDFIs) managing ACH transactions on behalf of their customers could take a more reactive approach, handling each transaction as it came through. The responsibility for detecting fraud primarily rested with the originating institution, or ODFI. However, the new rules now hold RDFIs accountable for catching fraud in real time—or as close to real time as possible. This shift means actively reviewing suspicious activity, flagging transactions that seem off, and taking the initiative in returning funds that do not belong in certain accounts. RDFIs can now return questionable transactions, and ODFIs have more leeway \to request returns when issues arise on their end. Starting in 2026, these monitoring requirements will become even more stringent. Increasing the Burden In terms of operational burden, RDFIs will now bear greater responsibility for real-time fraud detection and case management to effectively identify and prevent fraud. “Traditionally, that fell under the purview of the ODFI, but with the shift RDFIs will have to dedicate resources to monitor suspicious transactions and potentially fraudulent activity that is incoming, something they previously did not have to do,” said Fratangelo. “That's going to create increased workloads for an already stretched operations team, which will now be required to flag and investigate suspicious incoming transactions in real-time.” Larger financial institutions will need to implement new machine learning models, which will require additional governance time and introduce another layer of complexity to their existing fraud detection systems. “Larger institutions may have the capacity and ability to scale their teams, but we all know quality investigators are hard to find,” Fratangelo said. That’s why there's a ramp up period to train analysts and investigators and get them up to speed.” Smaller institutions will face even more difficulty, as they often lack effective automation. As their transaction volumes grow and new alerts are added, scaling up their workforce can be cost-prohibitive. These costs are sometimes passed on to customers in the form of lower interest rates or higher fees. Maintaining Business As Usual Generative AI and deep fakes are making this situation even worse, exposing corporations to business email comprise and account takeovers. Previously, the RDFI took a passive approach to matching account numbers, but now it's not just the account number that needs t...

The holiday season is here, bringing with it a host of celebrations. From office parties to family gatherings, shoppers are navigating an evolving landscape of gift-giving traditions. In our latest podcast episode, we dive into how consumer trends, new technologies, and the timeless appeal of gift cards are shaping the way people are gifting this season. In a recent PaymentsJournal podcast, Sarah Kositzke, Director of Research, and Jonathan Soffin, VP of Global Brand & Product Marketing at Blackhawk Network (BHN), chatted with Jordan Hirschfield, Director of Prepaid at Javelin Strategy & Research. They discussed the results of BHN’s Holiday 2024 Shopper and Gift Card Insights, the trends driving holiday gift card purchasing, and the accelerating momentum of the prepaid industry. Moments of Celebration One of the most notable trends in recent years is that consumers are no longer buying gifts for just a single occasion. Instead, they’re shopping for multiple events throughout the holiday season, including school occasions, office parties, and get-togethers with friends and extended family. “There are all these great moments of celebration throughout the holiday season that often require gifts,” Kositzke said. “One of the things that we've been tracking is how consumers determine what the right gift is for different people across different events. How are they going to figure out what's the right thing to bring for grandma, their daughter, or a co-worker?” According to BHN’s research, roughly half of consumers will directly ask recipients what they want, while others will source ideas from family and friends. Some shoppers even check social media to see the products or services the recipient has liked on Instagram or Pinterest. An emerging tool for holiday shopping this year is artificial intelligence, with about half of younger consumers planning to use it for their gift shopping. The ways they’re leveraging AI range from finding deals to generating unique gift ideas.  “I have twin teenage boys, and when it comes to Christmas presents, they want to make sure one doesn't get a better gift than the other,” Soffin said. “I asked ChatGPT which gift I should get them, and it came back with fashion tech gadget [recommendations] like wireless earbuds, gaming accessories, and sports gear. At the top of the list was a gift card to a gaming platform or a streaming service. If I'm not sure what specific brand of tech or fashion they want, a gift card to their favorite store is a great option.” Shopping Motivations Holiday shoppers are starting earlier than ever to find the perfect gifts for everyone on their list. Budgets are now spread across a longer period, beginning even before September and extending through December. However, only about a quarter of consumers’ holiday budgets are spent at the start of this period, with the remainder concentrated from Black Friday through the end of the season. Younger consumers, in particular, are motivated by promotions and sales events. The BHN report found that Gen Z encounters more seasonal sales events than older generations, which drives many to wait for Black Friday and Cyber Monday promotions. What’s more, many Gen Z consumers have tighter budgets, as they may be recently out of school or in their first jobs. “For all ages, what gets people out of bed are the sales and deals and promotions,” Kositzke said. “There are still concerns about the economy and inflation, coupled with the sheer number of people that consumers want to buy gifts for. Sales and deals have become an important factor in holiday budgets.” Another consideration is there are five fewer days in the holiday season this year. The condensed holiday season is driving many retailers to push early holiday promotions to bolster sales. “The shorter timeline could also impact the transition to digital formats,” Hirschfield said. “Many last-minute shoppers might not have time to...

Artificial intelligence is fueling a major transformation in the financial fraud landscape. AI has democratized criminal sophistication and fraud at a very low cost of conducting business, generating more malignant actors that financial institutions have to fight against. What can these institutions do to mitigate increasingly sophisticated frauds and scams? In a recent PaymentsJournal podcast, Kannan Srinivasan, Vice President for Risk Management, Digital Payment Solutions at Fiserv, and Don Apgar, Director of the Merchant Payments Practice at Javelin Strategy and Research, discussed how fraudsters are using generative AI to hone social engineering and bypass authentication, and how we can fight back. The Deep-Fake Threat Driven by AI, deep fakes represent a new frontier in fraud. There has been a 3000% increase in deep fake fraud over the last year and 1200% increase in phishing emails since ChatGPT was launched. Synthetic voices have been around for decades. They used to sound like a hollow robot, but recent advances in technology have allowed voices to be cloned from just a few seconds of audio. They are so realistic that fraudsters were able to use a deep-fake voice of a company executive to fool a bank manager into transferring $35 million to them. “In banking, especially at the wire desk, talking to the customer is always considered the gold standard of verification,” said Apgar. “So if somebody sends an e-mail and says I want to initiate a wire, they'll actually have to talk to a banker. But now, if the voice can be cloned, how do bankers know if it's real or not?” In business applications, single-channel communication should not be accepted, said Srinivasan. “If you get a voice call from somebody to do a certain thing, don't just act on that,” he said. “Send an email or a text to confirm that you heard it from that person. Or hang up the phone and confirm through another channel that this is exactly what they wanted. “We hear stories about a phone call coming in and saying your son has met with an accident and they're in a hospital, you need to send $8000 for an emergency procedure. They prey on human emotions. We have to make sure that we step back, think about what's happening, then call your family or friend to make sure that the news is accurate.” A Range of Use Cases Imposter scams have also exploded recently across other use cases. Large language models can take a phishing email, customize the content and iterate it until the scamster gets a successful response from the victim. Sophisticated criminals are creating packages for less-sophisticated criminals to buy. For $100 a month, a would-be hacker can purchase a bot-as-a-service turnkey application. To conduct a fraud operation, they just need to upload the victim's information, such as their phone number and the impersonating business name and phone. The bot will automatically call the victim and impersonate the business, often requesting that they read out the one-time password. Once the criminal gets the OTP, they can do whatever they want with it, including logging into the institution under attack, authenticating transactions, and changing passwords. The entry barrier to committing fraud has come down significantly. “There's almost a multiplier effect on the attack vectors end,” said Apgar, “because AI is not only making it easier to crank out more and more phishing emails more efficiently, but it also makes them more realistic.” How Are We Stopping Fraud? Machine learning models have allowed us to identify pockets of fraud and scam so that we can detect and stop them. Auto machine-learning tools have allowed Fiserv to perform this function at scale. Srinivasan said that Fiserv is also deploying self-learning models, which will generate models at a more automated pace. Since the models can be generated much more frequently, they can more effectively detect any change in fraud patterns.