Security Now (Audio)

When even the Department of Defense can't properly vet its software dependencies, what chance do the rest of us have? Steve Gibson reveals how "fast-glob" became a case study in supply chain blindness, explores whether AI can ever truly be controlled after Meta's celebrity chatbot disaster, and celebrates BYTE Magazine's 50th anniversary with a look at how far we've come (and how vulnerable we still are). A look back at issue #1 of BYTE magazine exactly 50 years ago The enforcement of the SHAKEN & STIR Telecom protocols Breaking: Judge rules against forced Google divestitures in monopoly case The inherent danger of consolidating authentication Can AI be controlled? Vivaldi says a big "no" to AI-enhanced web browsers How WhatsApp figured into Apple's recent 0-day attacks Leveraging AI as an attack aid The latest TransUnion data breach Two scummy websites sue the UK over age requirements OpenSSH reminds its users to adopt post-quantum crypto The DOD uses open source maintained by a Russian national Much great feedback from our terrific listeners Sci-Fi news from "The Frontiers Saga" Ryk Brown Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/sn-1041-notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: go.acronis.com/twit threatlocker.com/twit bitwarden.com/twit bigid.com/securitynow joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT

Alarm bells are ringing over a supposed browser zero-day, but is the threat as bad as it sounds? Steve reveals why "clickjacking" might be more whac-a-mole than breaking news, and what that really means for your passwords. • Germany may soon outlaw ad blockers • What's happening in the courts over AI • The U.K. drops its demands of Apple • New Microsoft 365 tenants being throttled • Is Russia preparing to block Google Meet? • Bluesky suspends its service in Mississippi • How to throttle AI • A tricky SSH-busting Go library • Here comes the Linux desktop malware • Apple just patched a doozy of a vulnerability • A trivial Docker escape was found and fixed • Why the recent browser 0-day clickjacking is really just whac-a-mole Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/sn-1040-notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: 1password.com/securitynow zscaler.com/security bigid.com/securitynow uscloud.com

What AI website summaries mean for Internet economics. Time to urgently update Plex Servers (again). Allianz Life stolen data gets leaked. Chrome test Incognito-mode fingerprint script blocking. Chrome 140 additions coming in 2 weeks. Data brokers hide opt-out pages from search engines. Secure messaging changes in Russia. NIST rolls-out lightweight IoT crypto. SyncThing moves to v2.0 and beyond. Alien:Earth -- first take. What can we learn from another critical vulnerability? Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/SN-1039-Notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: threatlocker.com/twit bitwarden.com/twit go.acronis.com/twit joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT vanta.com/SECURITYNOW

CISA's Emergency Directive to ALL Federal agencies re: SharePoint. NVIDIA firmly says "no" to any embedded chip gimmicks. Dashlane is terminating its (totally unusable) free tier. Malicious repository libraries are becoming even more hostile. The best web filter (uBlock Origin) comes to Safari. The very popular SonicWall firewall is being compromised. >100 models of Dell Latitude and Precision laptops are in danger. The significant challenge of patching SharePoint (for example). A quick look at my DNS Benchmark progress. Does InControl prevent an important update. An venerable Sci-Fi franchise may be getting a great new series. What to do about the problem of AI "website sucking" Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/SN-1038-Notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: zscaler.com/security canary.tools/twit - use code: TWIT uscloud.com go.acronis.com/twit

A follow-up to the SharePoint server patch mess. How Russia arranges to spy on other country's local embassies. "Dropbox Passwords" manager app is ending in October. Signal will leave Australia rather than help spy. YouTube deploys viewing history age-estimation heuristics. Chrome adds clever lightweight extension signing to prevent abuse. A domain registrar is coming close to losing its rights. A TP-Link router that doesn't encrypt its configuration. What is "TruAge" and might it be useful for age verification. An update on "Artemis". With U.S.-China tensions on the rise, should Chinese security companies receive weeks of advance notice of forthcoming Microsoft flaw patches? Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/SN-1037-Notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: bitwarden.com/twit bigid.com/securitynow joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT Melissa.com/twit threatlocker.com for Security Now

Brave randomizes its fingerprints. The next Brave will block Microsoft Recall by default. Clorox sues its IT provider for $380 million in damages. 6-month Win10 ESU offers are beginning to appear. Warfare has significantly become cyber. Allianz Life loses control of 125 million customers' data. The CIA's Acquisition Research Center website was hacked. The Pentagon says the SharePoint RCE didn't get them. A look at a DPRK "laptop farm" to impersonate Americans. FIDO's passkey was NOT bypassed by a MITM after all. Is our data safe anywhere? The UK is trying to back-pedal out of the Apple ADP mess. Meanwhile, the EU resumes its push for "Chat Control". Microsoft fumbled the patch of a powerful Pwn2Own exploit Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/SN-1036-Notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: canary.tools/twit - use code: TWIT threatlocker.com for Security Now bitwarden.com/twit uscloud.com

Bypassing all passkey protections. The ransomware attacks just keep on coming. Cloudflare capitulates to the MPA and starts blocking. The need for online age verification is exploding. Microsoft really wants Exchange Servers to subscribe. Russia (further) clamps down on Internet usage. The global trend toward more Internet restrictions. China can inspect locked Android phones. Use a burner. Web shells are the new buffer overflow. An age verification protocol sketch. What Cloudflare did to create an outage of 1.1.1.1 Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/SN-1035-Notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: zscaler.com/security 1password.com/securitynow go.acronis.com/twit

A glorious takedown of quantum factorization. Notepad++ signs its own code signing certificate. Dennis Taylor has Bobiverse Book 6 on his lap. Crypto/ATM machines flat out outlawed. Signal vs WhatsApp: Encryption in flight and at rest. A close look at browser fingerprinting metrics. Rewriting interpreters in memory-safe languages. An introduction to zero-knowledge proofs Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/SN-1034-Notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: bitwarden.com/twit joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT bigid.com/securitynow threatlocker.com for Security Now uscloud.com

Another Israeli spyware vendor surfaces. Win11 to delete restore points more quickly. The EU accelerates its plans to abandon Microsoft Azure. The EU sets timelines for Post-Quantum crypto adoption. Russia to create a massive IMEI database. Canada and the UK create the "Common Good Cyber Fund". U.S. states crack down on Bitcoin ATMs amid growing scams. Congressional staffers cannot use WhatsApp on gov devices. LibXML2 and the problems with commercial use of OSS. A(nother) remote code execution vulnerability in WinRAR. Have-I-Been-Pwned gets a cool data visualization site. How is ransomware getting in? Windows to offer "safe" non-kernel endpoint security? Proactive age verification coming to porn sites. How? Canada (also) says "bye bye" to Hikvision. Germany will be banning DeekSeek. The whole EU may follow. Cloudflare throttled in Russia? What must the U.S. do to compete in global exploit acquisition? Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/SN-1033-Notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: expressvpn.com/securitynow Melissa.com/twit 1password.com/securitynow hoxhunt.com/securitynow canary.tools/twit - use code: TWIT

• Let's Encrypt drops its long-running email notifications. • Microsoft's new "Unexpected Restart Experience". • Microsoft's response to last year's massive CrowdStrike outage. • Windows 10's extended service updates will sort of be free. • Russia-sold iPhones MUST include the RuStore app. • Lyon, in France, says bye-bye to Windows. Hello to Linux. • The US Gov gets more serious about memory-safe languages. • A new unbelievable AI malware scanner evaSion technique. • A new pair of Cisco 9.8 and 10.0 vulnerabilities. • The current state of post-Elon government cybersecurity. • PNGv3, Swift on Android, and the Samsung email purge. • Andy Weir's "Hail Mary" movie trailer. • And a close look at the pervasiveness of web browser tracking fingerprinting. Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/sn-1032-notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: go.acronis.com/twit bitwarden.com/twit threatlocker.com/twit joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT

China's Salt Typhoon claims another victim (or two). State healthcare portals are tracking and leaking. No kidding. Apple adopts FIDO's Passkeys and other credentials transport. Facebook gets Passkey logon. TikTok continues ticking for at least another 90 days. Canadian telco admits they were infiltrated by Salt Typhoon. Microsoft to remove unwanted (and hopefully unneeded) hardware drivers. The Austrian government legislates court-warranted message decryption. I (Steve) finally get full clarity on what today's "AI" means. A deep dive into the Salt Typhoon's operation and how they got in Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/SN-1031-Notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: 1password.com/securitynow hoxhunt.com/securitynow outsystems.com/twit bigid.com/securitynow zscaler.com/security

An exploited iOS iMessage vulnerability Apple denies? The NPM repository is under siege with no end in sight. Were Comcast and Digital Realty compromised? Don't ask them. Matthew Green agrees: XChat does not offer true security. We may know how Russia is convicting Telegram users. Microsoft finally decides to block two insane Outlook file types. 40,000 openly available video camera are online. Who owns them? Running SpinRite on encrypted drives. An LLM describes Steve's (my) evolution on Microsoft security. What do we know about the bots that are scanning the Internet? Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/SN-1030-Notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT bitwarden.com/twit material.security drata.com/securitynow bigid.com/securitynow

In memoriam: Bill Atkinson Meta native apps & JavaScript collude for a localhost local mess. The EU rolls out its own DNS4EU filtered DNS service. Ukraine DDoS's Russia's Railway DNS ... and... so what? The Linux Foundation creates an alternative Wordpress package manager. Court tells OpenAI it must NOT delete ANYONE's chats. Period! :( A CVSS 10.0 in Erlang/OTP's SSH library. Can Russia intercept Telegram? Perhaps. Spain's ISPs mistakenly block Google sites. Reddit sues Anthropic. Twitter's new encrypted DM's are as lame as the old ones. The Login.gov site may not have any backups. Apple explores the question of recent Large Reasoning Models "thinking" Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/SN-1029-Notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: hoxhunt.com/securitynow threatlocker.com for Security Now uscloud.com canary.tools/twit - use code: TWIT

Pwn2Own 2025, Berlin results. PayPal seeks a "newly registered domains" patent. An expert iOS jailbreak developer gives up. The rising abuse of SVG images, via JavaScript. Interesting feedback from our listeners. Four classic science fiction movies not to miss. How OpenAI's o3 model discovered a 0-day in the Linux kernel Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/SN-1028-Notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: material.security outsystems.com/twit bigid.com/securitynow bitwarden.com/twit joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT

What the status of Encrypted Client Hello (ECH)? What radio technology would be best for remote inverter shutdown? Some DNS providers already block newly listed domains. Knowing when not to click a link can take true understanding. Why can losing a small portion of a power grid bring the rest down? Where are we in the "AI Hype Cycle" and is this the first? Speaking of hype: An AI system resorted to blackmail? Why are we so quick to imbue AI with awareness? ChatGPT's latest o3 model ignored the order to shutdown. Copilot may not be making Windows core code any better. Venice.AI is an unfiltered and unrestrained LLM Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/SN-1027-Notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: outsystems.com/twit threatlocker.com for Security Now canary.tools/twit - use code: TWIT hoxhunt.com/securitynow 1password.com/securitynow

Chrome to actively refuse admin privileges. Android Messenger is getting manual key verification. Pwn2Own to add AI "pwning" as in-scope attack targets. AI has already been found to be replicating. Microsoft not killing off Office on Win10 after October. 23andMe's asset purchaser revealed. Many fun talking points thanks to our listeners. Steve's review of "Andor", season 2. What's been discovered inside the U.S. power grid Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/SN-1026-Notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: bigid.com/securitynow material.security joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT bitwarden.com/twit drata.com/securitynow

The state of Virginia passes an age-restriction law that has no chance. New Zealand also tries something similar, citing Australia's lead. A nasty Python package for Discord survived 3 years and 11K downloads. The FBI says it's a good idea to discard end-of-life consumer routers. What's in WhatsApp? Finding out was neither easy nor certain. The UK's Cyber Centre says AI promises to make things much worse. A bunch of great feedback from our great listeners, then: Is true end-to-end encryption possible when records must be retained? Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/SN-1025-Notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: threatlocker.com for Security Now uscloud.com hoxhunt.com/securitynow canary.tools/twit - use code: TWIT

Microsoft to officially abandon passwords and support their deletion. Meta's RayBan smart glasses weaken their privacy terms. 30% of Microsoft code is now being written by AI. Google says prying Chrome from it will damage its security. Nearly 1,000 six-year-old eCommerce backdoors spring to life. eM Client moves to version 10.3 A bunch of terrific listener feedback creates talking points. A little-known, insecure message archiving service comes to light. Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/sn-1024-notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: bitwarden.com/twit joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT drata.com/securitynow material.security threatlocker.com/twit

Why did a mysterious empty "inetpub" directory appear after April's Patch Tuesday? And what new Windows Update crashing hack did this also create? North Korea is now creating fake US companies to lure would-be employees. The "Inception" attack subverts all GPT conversational AIs. New information about data loss in unpowered SSD mass storage. Lots of terrific feedback from our listeners. How malware has taken to hiding inside the Windows Sandbox and what you can do to stop it Show Notes - https://www.grc.com/sn/SN-1023-Notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: legatosecurity.com threatlocker.com for Security Now outsystems.com/twit hoxhunt.com/securitynow

Enabling Firefox's Tab Grouping. Recalled Recall Re-Rolls out. The crucial CVE program nearly died. It's been given new life. China confesses to hacking the US (blames our stance on Taiwan). CISA says what Oracle still refuses to. Brute force attacks on the (rapid) rise. An AI/ML Python package rates a 9.8 (again!) The CA/Browser forum passed short-life certs. :( A wonderful crosswalk hack hits Silicon Valley. Android to add force restarting ahead of schedule. Maybe. The EFF is never happy. But especially now, about Florida. Interesting research into ransomware payouts. Windows Sandbox: The amazing gem hidden inside all Windows 10 & 11! Show Notesb - https://www.grc.com/sn/SN-1022-Notes.pdf Hosts: Steve Gibson and Leo Laporte Download or subscribe to Security Now at https://twit.tv/shows/security-now. You can submit a question to Security Now at the GRC Feedback Page. For 16kbps versions, transcripts, and notes (including fixes), visit Steve's site: grc.com, also the home of the best disk maintenance and recovery utility ever written Spinrite 6. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT drata.com/securitynow bigid.com/securitynow 1password.com/securitynow material.security