Settling The Score

The first half of our final background episode comprises an all too brisk survey of some of the most interesting musical contributions of ancient Rome. Find out how the Romans REALLY felt about music and learn why, as Polybius once said, custom is always king. Oh! And we have emperor Nero's ACTUAL singing practice routine! That alone is worth the $0 cost of admission (I mean it's worth more than that, but you're getting it for free anyway because we're such a swell pair of guys). Enjoy! ============================== LINKS Reproduction of an Ancient Roman Tuba or Lituus. Used between 500 BC and AD 100. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X7GmJFK-07s Cornu de Pompeii https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1IlZgj2FAHA Roman Replica Hydraulus at the Roman Baths https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VesLeVMK5aE&t=14s What Did Popular Music In Ancient Rome Sound Like? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aZOsoDes3Es Synaulia - Music from Ancient Rome, Vol. 1: Wind Instruments - Amazon.com Music https://www.amazon.com/Synaulia-Music-Ancient-Rome-Instruments/dp/B00000DMKM Synaulia - Music from Ancient Rome, Vol. 2: String Instruments - Amazon.com Music https://www.amazon.com/-/he/Nicoletta-Gervasi/dp/B000077SX2 Play Festina Lente by Ludi Scaenici on Amazon Music https://www.amazon.com/music/player/albums/B0CQPQ3734 Amazon.com: Musique de l'antiquité grecque : Ensemble Kérylos feat. Annie Bélis: Digital Music https://www.amazon.com/Musique-lantiquit%C3%A9-grecque-Ensemble-K%C3%A9rylos/dp/B083Q49HV5

Western Classical Music: Where did it come from and how did it "get that way?" We think we can answer the first question in two episodes, but the second one... well, you could build an entire show around that! Today, we trace the origins of WCM from the earliest notated fragments in the world to the first named composers in history. Join us as we overturn the claim that "Not a note of music has survived from the ancient world," and find out what deck-sanding and kosher lunch meats have in common (the answer will shock you!) CAVEAT 1: Correction: "Alexanders successors," not "Alexander's descendants" CAVEAT 2: Greek persecution of the Jews was almost exclusively under Antiochus IV, but it was severe. CAVEAT 3: The musical setting for the hymn to Caliope and Zeus stretches credibility. I mean, it does kinda sound like "Hush, Little Baby," doesn't it? The language is ancient though and, like we've said, the ancients are always surprising us. ;-) ==================== EARLY NOTATION LINKS What do we know about the oldest found melody? - Music: Practice & Theory Stack Exchange https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/91048/what-do-we-know-about-the-oldest-found-melody The World's Oldest Surviving Music from circa 1950 BC https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bAPC1tG2BKY&themeRefresh=1 (PDF) A Musical and Mathematical Context for CBS 1766 | leon crickmore - Academia.edu https://www.academia.edu/1618638/A_Musical_and_Mathematical_Context_for_CBS_1766 The Oldest Known Melody (Hurrian Hymn no.6 - c.1400 B.C.) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QpxN2VXPMLc&themeRefresh=1 History's Oldest Song Modernized for 2020 (Samurai Guitarist) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHGB8dS1OsI&themeRefresh=1 =========================== ANCIENT HEBREW MUSIC LINKS The Origins of the Israelites: Episode 3 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_ao1i7LokM&list=PLuFO87ncQ_QQMmujr06QeRwMZC3goRd0n&index=6 The Pagan Origins of Judaism https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZECezMYug8c&list=PLuFO87ncQ_QQMmujr06QeRwMZC3goRd0n&index=4&pp=gAQBiAQB8AUB What Music might Moses have heard as a Child in Egypt? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=At7jUZquUc0 King David's Lyre; Echoes of Ancient Israel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kiA86HI-GLU&list=PLuFO87ncQ_QQMmujr06QeRwMZC3goRd0n&index=12 Jerusalem Shofar at Sunrise https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EKQrBURDtQE The Sound of the Shofar calls us to worship https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qVHQdKLbTXw The original musical notes found in the Old Testament, played right before your eyes! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kh2KwEwaroc&list=PLuFO87ncQ_QQMmujr06QeRwMZC3goRd0n&index=19 The Original 3000 Year Old Melody of the Psalm 19 - Revealed? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M86lEfmVsEY&t=30s Chanticleer - Psalms 23:1-6 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HOZ3SjHIUzw Lost Melodies - Hebrew Chanting - Psalm 95 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEfF8fr5stY Choral singing in ancient Israel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=06rIvIBoNfM Trio Mandili - Psalm 50 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BcbKoY7XpJE Mendelssohn: Variations Concertantes, Op. 17 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PiocuaABrWc ========================== ANCIENT GREEK MUSIC LINKS "Minoan" Lyre - Improvisation by Claudio Quadros https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s0GzWKUQAJU Minoan Theater - The Minoan Experience https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fe_RsPWIOro&t=6s Ancient Minoan Civilization ("Creep" by Radiohead) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jz3d5x-MUT4 Hymn to Zeus https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sc109u7Zw8M&list=PLE619C0863B707DDD&index=4 Ancient Lyre - Kleopas : Hymn to muse Kalliope and Apollo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y8Hpyov3Tt8 Rediscovering Ancient Greek Music: A performance reconstructs the past https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UAmuQBnNty8&list=PLuFO87ncQ_QQMmujr06QeRwMZC3goRd0n&index=29 Cithara of the Golden Age - Michael Levy - Luthieros Music instruments https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8t1itGJ8Zpc Ancient Lyre - Barbiton Lyre of Sappho - Barbiton Lyre https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NWLRqI9iM-E Roman water organ performance https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=US50QmZaeyE Eminem straight up reciting the iliad of homer in ancient greek (video by @GavMac39) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ubSwbyd0uI KANUN https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iy-Xvzi2YAM Musique de la Grèce antique https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a1z0zaGDzlQ The Euripides Orestes Chorus https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_c2Ho9NvWY8

We are back, and today we're headed east to meet two ancient classical music traditions that survive and thrive down to this day. Join us for an episode packed with music philosophy, microtones, and soooooo many instruments! Plus, find out why it's never a good idea to make deals with tectonic plates! =============================== INDIAN CLASSICAL MUSIC LINKS Indian Classical Music Website https://www.indianclassicalmusic.com/ Ravanhatta https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SuQv70Aeci8 Lute Sarasvatî Vînâ) - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tz-Xmh9mXow Tanpura Demonstration https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rVeFX4O4zT0 Ektar/Gopichand https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UWxajijf_4c Ravi Kiran plays the Chitra Veena https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Sy9omOERyA Sarangi - Instrument of A Hundred Colours | Musical Wonders of India - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=59FpEMSSQiE Rakesh Chaurasia - Classical Flute (Bansuri) - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e9cefe-xD04 King of Shehnai UStad Ameer Khan Meeroo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M99kSqJZgMQ Harmonium/Shruti Box https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2jO_uHv4mH8&list=PLuFO87ncQ_QQD2X-QRTXBQJ1Ir8rx-al1&index=12 Jaltarang - Indian National Anthem https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CQQ6Qp-07TA Amazing Tabla Solo | Rimpa Siva | Farukhabad Gharana https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jJ2WseDHEPI 40 MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS OF INDIA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HwJ5FMx86Qg Ravi Shankar - Monterey Pop 1967 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lk60ObnbIOk India's Beautiful Musical Traditions (Full Documentary) | Perspective - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wcaW9uxk91E ============================== CHINESE CLASSICAL MUSIC LINKS Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng – Sounds of nature from 2,400 years ago https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W6kXCZ_n80I Bianzhong: Performance on Traditional Chinese Bells https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zhcCSeRj2PU Qing - Chinese Stone Chimes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wKWqZLQDuKo Guqin Master Chen Leiji https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=35ZKN-H7at4 Chinese Folk Songs for Dizi https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yVgqCr5D7ps "The Untamed" - Dizi Cover https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ecR6fCv7Ck4 Hu Jianbing sheng improvisation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R5d9nID_9Nw Entrance Hymn for the Emperor https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_bilTiAwk18 Youlan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K8IpKuy8NNU

Ancient Egyptians just loved to Egypt. And you know who else does? YOU! I mean, that's why you're here, right? Join us for the third segment of episode 0c(1) to uncover such timeless truths as: Which scales did the ancient Egyptians use and was there a master scale as per ancient Sumer? Why did ancient Egyptians REALLY start calling their kings Pharaohs? And who were the four female Hemet-Neter who co-wrote the one surviving work of popular music that comes down to us from these times (we think...)? CAVEAT 1: Still audible chop-suey with the edit points, BUT we have finally fixed this as of episode 0d(2.2)! CAVEAT 2: Michael Atherton & Peter Pringle = Independent scholars, NOT amateur ones!!! Sorry, guys. We love you both! CAVEAT 3: There is only one trumpet in the first example. The stereo sample I was working with had some right channel lag, so sounded like overlapping trumpets. Ah, tech shenanigans. Michael Atherton: Truth, Balance, Order https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y9WOSqH1Oig Michael Atherton: Atum - Creator Sun God] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y9WOSqH1Oig Academia.edu - de Vartavan - Egyptian Dictionary https://www.academia.edu/24283355/Vocalised_Dictionary_of_Ancient_Egyptian_PLEASE_DO_NOT_DOWNLOAD_THIS_OLDER_VERSION_OF_THE_DICTIONARY_UNLESS_NECESSARY_DOWNLOAD_THE_NEW_2022_VERSION_SEE_ABOVE_ON_ACADEMIA_EDU_ Neymar - Going Forth By Day https://nemuer.bandcamp.com/album/going-forth-by-day Egyptian Banquet Jam https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0oNs_BrnKNE&list=PLuFO87ncQ_QSgVhJr90aL7nDvEWmoREGr&index=26 Michael Atherton: Triumph of the Deceased https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pdmpOjZzXUQ&list=PLuFO87ncQ_QSgVhJr90aL7nDvEWmoREGr&index=23 Ancient Egyptian Harp https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nBmWXmn11YE&list=PLuFO87ncQ_QSgVhJr90aL7nDvEWmoREGr&index=24 "Hungarian" Scale - Double Harmonic Minor https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-exHbyhwI_0 Egyptian Flute Improv https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NdSIG7ekBlk Ney Flute, Oud, and Frame Drum Jam https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wYQ_ol3L9Ag Douglas Irvine: Nenchefka's Orchestra https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XzTBNfQ7_GA

Our best episode yet! Who would have thought there'd be so much to say about music in ancient Sumer and the Akkadian empire? Join us as we trace the life of an ancient Sumerian classical musician. Along the way we'll uncover such exciting truths as: Why was Inanna the coolest goddess there ever was or ever could be?Why was there a Chief of Lamentations in ancient Akkad and what was his connection to Gibson guitars? What is the best animal to sacrifice to your instrument if you happen to be a shem player? And just who on earth is Peter Pringle? CAVEAT: Nope. None this time! LINKS: The Sumerian Silver Lyre - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JU4QRxsZhjg&list=PLuFO87ncQ_QSgVhJr90aL7nDvEWmoREGr&index=11 Oud Beginners - Maqam Hijaz Scale - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k74TTCa-RT8 What Did Mesopotamian Music Sound Like? - A Beginner's Introduction - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mHCfrNwkwu0 THE EXALTATION OF INANNA in Sumerian - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PSoLHfnr5Gc 'LYRE OF UR' BUILT AND PLAYED BY LUC VANLAERE - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aZOFYT7w4GI&list=PLuFO87ncQ_QSgVhJr90aL7nDvEWmoREGr&index=19 Mesopotamian Music HQ - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ulBjuvmKbtA&list=PLJATefPoSWfkr2b7qK9lV7pdU4KWyvAn_&index=76 The Raising of the Hand to Ishtar - Ancient Akkadian hymn - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2uzPllUL6bE Silver Pipes from Ur (double pipe) - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=adiAQ2BpmiE Silver pipe from Ur and drone by Tibia - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1SKS0jc1m0 The Lyre of Mesopotamia (A song from Persia/ Iranshahr) - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XP7-AphqdYk&list=PLuFO87ncQ_QSgVhJr90aL7nDvEWmoREGr&index=17 The Epic Of Gilgamesh In Sumerian - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QUcTsFe1PVs Music of Mesopotamia - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_of_Mesopotamia Music in Mesopotamia - MUSIC IN HISTORY #1 - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dCOawIA4b0o&list=PLdW0onEGGcNlt5gqyp9_fXL9uFdsNnfHf&index=3 The Flood Narrative (From the Gilgamesh Epic) (Akkadian) - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oelcHhNsMsk&list=OLAK5uy_ngerDjzeM5lA1vPAF4qo4hPMNrl7rZgEY&index=7 The Flood Narrative (From the Gilgamesh Epic) (English) - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ViJu2jgKoiU&list=OLAK5uy_ngerDjzeM5lA1vPAF4qo4hPMNrl7rZgEY&index=6 A Sumerian Drinking Song (Sumerian) - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MABxJfcX7_A&list=OLAK5uy_ngerDjzeM5lA1vPAF4qo4hPMNrl7rZgEY&index=8 A Sumerian Drinking Song (English) - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jdsjzBA1Vlk&list=OLAK5uy_ngerDjzeM5lA1vPAF4qo4hPMNrl7rZgEY&index=8 A song for a son of shulgi - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kwFSuz7QCD8 Music of the Ancient World - Sumerian Music V - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NB5X20yoSNQ&list=PLJATefPoSWfkr2b7qK9lV7pdU4KWyvAn_&index=52

Ok! We are back after a halfway successful attempt to put ourselves ahead of schedule. Last time we left you in the Stone Age, but DON'T PANIC. This time we're bringing you out of it! Join us as we stumble through shingles and chronic fatigue respectively all for the love of telling you weird stuff that no one else cares about, such as: What happened when the first wave of Proto Indo-Europeans reached Spain? How can you combat modern pseudoscience with ancient tuning standards? Why didn't neolithic peoples just invent writing and music notation and stop throwing away thousands of years of history? Ok, so we didn't actually answer that last one, but we sure did feel the pain of not knowing. And now it's your turn to feel some pain. Speaking of that, welcome back and enjoy! CAVEAT: We recorded this episode WAY back in January, so the schedule update at the end is not correct. Check out our last schedule update to learn more about that. LINKS STONE AGE MUSIC • Shamanic Tones • Sounds of Our Eldest Ancestors - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4oqTdg2Rq1o&t=892s Nomadic herders left a strong genetic mark on Europeans and Asians | Science | AAAS https://www.science.org/content/article/nomadic-herders-left-strong-genetic-mark-europeans-and-asians Sound of 9000 years old flute - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_TqOqgA5_Ik&list=PLuFO87ncQ_QSgVhJr90aL7nDvEWmoREGr Eagle Bone Flute and Jaw Harp - Ancient Trails - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FJzBgReG37I&list=PLuFO87ncQ_QSgVhJr90aL7nDvEWmoREGr&index=3 Time and Mind | Taylor & Francis Online https://www.tandfonline.com/journals/rtam20 Acoustic Archaeology | Sounds of the Ancients | Megalithomania 2010 Lecture | Paul Devereux - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1oKxjm4pVww Adam Neely on A = 432Hz - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EKTZ151yLnk

What we've been up to, when we'll be back, and what's the best thing you can do for another human being in the meantime. P.S. Forget the caveat at the end. I was able to get the lossless version in at the very last moment, so this IS the high quality sample! Enjoy!

Surprise! Schedule updates are just so boring and utilitarian, aren't they? Not when they come with a recording of one of the world's greatest cellists performing one of the world's greatest cello pieces! CAVEAT: The YouTube performance linked below is not the same performance as the recording heard in this episode, but it's the same musicians and conductor in both concerts. Jacqueline du Pre & Daniel Barenboim - Elgar Cello Concerto https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OPhkZW_jwc0 Classical Nerd - The Enigmatic Edward Elgar https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sHxO-LrH-xQ

Ok! After three weeks of tech setbacks and editing catastrophes, victory is finally at hand! By victory, we of course mean this episode. Welcome to our mammoth second half of the first background episode. We think it beats the stones off of last week’s episode because this one has 18 examples of tribal music and prehistoric instruments. I mean, even your favorite podcast can’t say that. And they’re definitely way better than us. CAVEAT 1: Yes, editing points are still obvious and there’s a tiny bit of non-offensive clipping in Ronnie’s vox around the middle of the episode. The original audio was lost so you’re stuck with this version. CAVEAT 2: I've since found much better examples of some of the instruments we've covered so far. You can hear some of them on the following playlist. Prehistoric Music Playlist - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oKfoitRvQeE&list=PLOi7pxxD014__19vJx2PQQQL8jdjUb7m3 Ok, enough prefacing. Dig this behemoth out! Diacoustics https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cOw8RrK4eUU&list=PLaoYKn5vw7_M6u3lqRBDm6453ybET-sKg San - Bushmen - Kalahari, South Africa... https://www.krugerpark.co.za/africa_bushmen.html Harmony Under the Kalahari Moon: San Bushman Cultural Dance - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTL_TdONVBs Original Maori Haka Dance - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BI851yJUQQw Australian Aborigine Kangaroo Dance - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_b-vI3Nf50g&t=39s Vulture Bone Whistle/Flute https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ZlB9KWpbJ0 Ljuben Dimkaroski Plays the Divje Babe Bone Flute https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AZCWFcyxUhQ Sound Experiment Hohle Fels https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DC8Iv2AamrE Grotte des Trois-Frères https://www.donsmaps.com/troisfreres.html Berimbe Solo - EBANDO Mougongo Bwiti Music Video !Mambwiti! - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vbkl4Y9nDH8 kalumbu Berimbe Song, by Chris Haambwiila - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wk5c-VsKn1E Wooden Cricket Block/Rasp - Percussion for Children - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b55PezgXIAk Archaeologist Dr. Jean-Loup Ringot Rocks The Lithopone https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PZ4hEubvWE4&list=PLOi7pxxD014__19vJx2PQQQL8jdjUb7m3&index=10 Jan Marmenout @ Litophone Improvisation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lhHhOwmgMA0&list=PLOi7pxxD014__19vJx2PQQQL8jdjUb7m3&index=19 Tito Bustillo Lithophone https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KdaRXu-PhZI The Great Stalacpipe Organ - Moonlight Sonata - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HsKUUn29tSs Cave Music Explores Ancient Acoustics https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oKfoitRvQeE&list=PLOi7pxxD014__19vJx2PQQQL8jdjUb7m3 M33 La Pasiega Cave https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p93ZV0C8m3w&list=PLOi7pxxD014__19vJx2PQQQL8jdjUb7m3&index=28

Hello, and welcome to our first real episode! Still not ranking anyone, but that doesn't mean we can't have fun talking shop! In this episode, we explore the most fundamental question of all: What is Music? Join us as we trace the evolutionary roots of human musicality from its origins in the animal kingdom through to its emergence with the dawn of self-aware upright bipeds. Finally, we'll resolve such time-honored questions as which came first; music or language, does that tree falling in the forest really make a sound, and which fast food joint is the best place to copyright your song! DIG IT! MASSIVE CAVEAT: This episode could not have existed without the tremendous research of the YouTuber Diacoustics. This episode borrows heavily from him, including several block quotations that are entirely his own. I make no claim to them, as it is his brilliant presentation that is at the heart of this episode, serving as its framework and intertwining with our own presentation. MODERATE CAVEAT: Yeah, we know. The audio’s a bit rough. Please pardon the occasional echo/overlap and obvious edit points. We’re new, so please don’t count us a disgrace to classical music podcasting just yet. And don’t blame our mastering guy. This is all Ronnie’s fault. :) MINOR CAVEAT: Yes, I know we use the term “melody” in a rather cavalier fashion. Here we use the term in its widest possible context as a series of pitches occurring in succession to one another. We will define the term more properly when we arrive at Gregorian chant in episode 0d. MORE CAVEAR THAN CAVEAT: This episode is neither intended as an authoritative resource for either the mating behavior of Cambrian roundworms, nor as tax advice when dealing with Paleozoic apex predators. We waive all liability with respect to you messing with Anomalocaris. That's on you, bruh.

Welcome to our pilot episode, where we discuss the uncredibly serious business of ranking classical composers!

Introducing... Settling The Score!