Space Strategy

In this episode Peter Garretson talks with Dr. Kurt "Spuds" Vogel, NASA Director of Space Architectures, about NASA's Moon to Mars Objectives and NASA's just-released Blueprint for Sustained Human Presence and exploration throughout the Solar System. They discuss the NASA organization, the difference between an objective vs capabilities based approach, what it means to 'architect from the right and execute from the left, the significance of the objectives, and the collaborative process to get there. They outline how the plan seeks to be robust across administrations and alternate budget futures. They close by focusing on the significance of objectives for science, applied science, science enabling, and infrastructure objectives, and in particular the step-change of including a 'robust Cislunar economy' and an explicit NASA goal to enable 'Commerce and Space Development' by deliberately fostering 'the expansion of the economic sphere beyond Earth orbit to support U.S. industry and innovation.'

In this episode Peter Garretson meets with Dr. Ezinne Uzo-Okoro of the White House's Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP). They discuss the White House space policies in the context of the Administration Priorities, including climate, economy and jobs, restoring US global leadership, COVID and infrastructure, and the intention to lead by example. They delve into the broad context of the White House Space Priorities Framework and its emphasis on sustainability, norms and behaviors, earth observation for climate change. They examine the plethora of policy documents and the 'nuts and bolts' of what is involved in originating and coordinating such documents, including aligning with presidential intent, 'reading the room,' bringing together and educating stakeholders, and soliciting feedback including from industry and academia, making a case for guidance, always with the intent to maintain US preeminence at least 10-20 years down the road. They address how such documents are used by federal agencies, allies, and industry, and the relationship of OSTP to the National Space Council (NSpC), National Security Council (NSC), and Office of Management and Budget (OMB), and sometimes the National Economic Council (NEC) and Climate office...as well as the need for patience and grace throughout the 6-12 month coordination process. They explore the historic nature of the National Cislunar Science and Technology Strategy and the deliberate choice of the language of 'settlement' in the new National Low Earth Orbit Research and Development Strategy, and the consistent industry-friendly themes across documents of new products and scalable infrastructure, and economic growth. They touch on In-Space Servicing, Assembly, and Manufacturing National Strategy and National In-Space Servicing Assembly, and Manufacturing Implementation Plan, as well as the National Strategy for Advanced Manufacturing and Interagency Roadmap to Support Space-Related STEM Education and Workforce. They also cover the James Webb Telescope and exciting DART mission, the recently updated National Preparedness Strategy & Action Plan for Near-Earth Object Hazards and Planetary Defense—"what's cooler than planetary defense." Along the way they discuss Space-Based Solar Power, Exoplanets, Settlement, Space Weather, regulating novel space activities. They review Ezinne's own career and journey, and her reasons for optimism and philosophy of hard work. They conclude talking about how easy it is to become involved in space, because it is a small community where anyone can play, and secrets of success such as: if you want to go far, go together; that success comes from putting one foot in front of the other; the utility of patience and grace, and that there is plenty of work, so grab an oar!    

In this episode Peter Garretson talks with science fiction author Daniel Suarez about his latest novel Critical Mass, which depicts humanity’s transition from a climate-imperiled, Earthbound civilization to one that utilizes the resources and energy from deep space to secure a promising, sustainable future. They discuss what it means to be a spacefaring civilization, what is the value proposition for developing Cislunar, the new Space Race, what will be the determinants of spacepower both soft & hard, and what ought to be our national priorities. Daniel is clear that, “They [China] have basically declared that they want to have a space race with us. I say we take them up on it” and that “We need to get busy, and we really need to be focused on outcomes,” that “We Need an Apollo Level of Urgency,” and “And if that space race can inspire us to get busy and get moving well, then good. Then it and it's going to have a good catalyzing effect.” They analyze what the Space Force should assume about Cislunar, space resources, humans in space, and requirements for guardians in space. They delve into what the new capabilities mean for competitive endurance and a theory of success, and the opportunities afforded by space mobility and logistics. They explore the concept of space infrastructure, and the criticality of on-orbit mass for spacepower advantage. They assess how the scenario in his latest book ought to give the USSF pause, “And if this scenario gives them [USSF] nightmares…then, hopefully, that will urge some action.”  They touch on cryptocurrency in space, decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs), and the space commodities exchange. They cover Asteroid Mining, Solar Power Satellites to Mass Drivers, to Lunar Cyclers, Spin-Gravity Space Stations—and enabling U.S. policy. They discuss the utility of Science Fiction as ‘cost-effective prototyping the future’, the utility of narrative, and the constraint that ‘you can’t build something until you can imagine it.’ They close by examining the future roles and missions for the Space Force in a developing Cislunar economy in the context of the technology in his novels DeltaV and Critical Mass.

In this episode, Peter Garretson hosts Dr. Avi Loeb, Director of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics’ Institute for Theory and Computation, head of the Galileo Project, and Chair of the Breakthrough Starshot Initiative Advisory Committee. They discuss recent discoveries of extraterrestrial objects (Oumuamua, Comet Borisov, and 2 meteors). Avi provides insights into the big ideas in his book Extraterrestrial, including the hypothesis that Oumuamua might be a lightsail from an alien civilization. Interestingly, Avi’s team is trying to create one via the Breakthrough StarshotInitiative–Avi hopes to achieve 10% the speed of light with a laser-lightsail carrying a Starchip to get to our closest neighbor star Proxima Centauri. They address the story of the 2014 meteor, journal rejection, as well as, the story behind the USSPACECOM release of the data on the extraterrestrial meteor, and Avi’s plans to recover it. They cover Avi’s recent paper, ‘PHYSICAL CONSTRAINTS ON UNIDENTIFIED AERIAL PHENOMENA’ for the Pentagon’s AARO, the controversial headline it created (‘Pentagon UFO chief says alien mothership in our solar system possible’), and why the subject of UAP’s or extraterrestrial civilization is a puzzlingly taboo subject in the science community despite significant public and government interests. They consider UAP’s, and the efforts of Project Galileoto capture anomalous signatures, and what sort of funding would be required to deploy at scale. They review the White House tasking to DoD for Planetary Defense, and the utility of looking for extraterrestrial signatures as part of an in-space Space Domain Awareness (SDA) sensor architecture. Finally, they question what potential discoveries might arise from attempting to test the extraterrestrial hypothesis, a long-term vision for the preservation of humanity and its values and seeding the galaxy with life and intelligence, as well as short-term opportunities for policy to align government (and perhaps even USSF) funding on extraterrestrial objects, SETI, and UAP with public interests.

In this episode, Senior Fellow Peter Garretson interviews Lieutenant General John E. Shaw, Deputy Commander of United States Space Command (USSPACECOM). They begin by explaining the role and responsibilities of USSPACECOM. They examine Gen. Shaw's new article, Sailing the Wine-Dark Sea: Space as a Military Area of Responsibilities (AOR), including its key propositions: the importance of Earth; the insufficiency of the term "global"; the need to re-imagine strategic terrain (upwell, downwell, cislunar); and the importance of the AOR to everyone. They detail the role of a COCOM in peace and in war. Next, they discuss the utility of a naval / maritime analogy for Spacepower, and the potential new missions. They touch on Gen. Shaw's book, Whither Space Power, and where it has proved prescient. They outline interagency challenges ahead such as rescue of space tourists and deflecting asteroids—including a recent NASA-FEMA-USSF-USSPACEOM tabletop exercise (TTX). Finally, they conclude with a vision of humanity's future in space if we play our cards right, and an invitation to young people to join the adventure through service in the United States Space Force. About Gen. John Shaw: https://www.spacecom.mil/Leaders/Bio/Article/2433977/lt-gen-john-e-shaw/ USSPACECOM: https://www.spacecom.mil/ Article: Sailing the Wine-Dark Sea https://www.airuniversity.af.edu/Portals/10/AEtherJournal/Journals/Volume-1_Issue-1/06-Shaw.pdf Book: Whither Space Power https://media.defense.gov/2017/May/05/2001742912/-1/-1/0/FP_0008_WORDEN_SHAW_WHITHER_SPACE_POWER.PDF USSPACECOM Posture Statement https://www.armed-services.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/USSPACECOM%20FY23%20Posture%20Statement%20SASC%20FINAL.pdf https://www.spacecom.mil/Testimony/ Planetary Defense TTX: https://www.jhuapl.edu/NewsStory/220310c-planetary-defense-exercise https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/pd/cs/ttx22/ Gen. Shaw Presenting on Planetary Defense at Space Symposium: https://www.dvidshub.net/image/7137185/usspacecom-deputy-presents-planetary-defense-37th-annual-space-symposium Gen. Shaw Wired Interview https://www.wired.com/story/space-commands-lt-gen-john-shaw-on-the-future-of-space-security/ Gen. Shaw OpEd  https://spacenews.com/op-ed-the-u-s-space-force-must-be-independent-but-not-insular/

In this episode, Senior Fellow in Defense Studies Peter Garretson interviews Dennis Wingo, CEO of SkyCorp, Inc. and author of Moonrush. They discuss the strategic rationale for space development and industrialization, the strategic importance of the Moon, the grand strategy consequences of failure, and the proper division of labor between government and the private sector. Dennis lays out a vision for Lunar development, and concrete policy steps to mobilize private capital and accelerate Lunar industrial development. Dennis Wingo: https://www.linkedin.com/company/skycorp-incorporated?trk=public_profile_topcard-current-company NDU Towards A Theory of Spacepower (see Chapter 8): https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Portals/68/Documents/Books/spacepower.pdf Moonrush: https://www.amazon.com/Moonrush-Improving-Earth-Resources-Apogee/dp/1894959108 The Early Path Not Taken:   https://denniswingo.wordpress.com/2015/02/16/the-early-space-age-the-path-not-taken-then-but-now/ https://denniswingo.wordpress.com/2015/02/17/the-early-space-age-the-path-not-taken-then-but-now-part-ii/ The Lunar Industrial Facilty: https://denniswingo.wordpress.com/2017/07/31/the-lunar-industrial-facility-and-orbital-shipyards-how-to-get-there/ Dr. John Lewis' Mining the Sky https://www.amazon.com/Mining-Sky-Untold-Asteroids-Planets/dp/0201328194 Dr. Paul Spudis The Value of the Moon https://www.amazon.com/Value-Moon-Explore-Prosper-Resources/dp/1588345033 Skycorp: https://www.linkedin.com/company/skycorp-incorporated?trk=public_profile_topcard-current-company https://www.skycorpinc.com/

In this episode, Senior Fellow in Defense Studies Peter Garretson interviews Henry Sokolski, Executive Director of the Nonproliferation Policy Education Center, about their recent China-U.S. wargame. They discuss the impetus for the game, who was involved, the force structure, how the game unfolded, the surprises, and the key takeaways. Key takeaways included the need for bodyguard satellites, 'self-executing' norms that allow self-defense, the emerging importance of orbits above GEO and in Cislunar, the space domain awareness required to keep track of dual-use servicing assets, the need to work and share with allies, and to engage South Korea on space cooperation. Henry: https://www.linkedin.com/in/henry-sokolski-3b5409ab https://npolicy.org/leadership-staff/henry-d-sokolski/ NPEC: https://npolicy.org/mission/ @NuclearPolicy A China-US war in space: The after-action report https://thebulletin.org/premium/2022-01/a-china-us-war-in-space-the-after-action-report/ https://npolicy.org/china-waging-war-in-space-an-after-action-report-occasional-paper-2104/ https://npolicy.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/2104-China-Space-Wargame-Report.pdf What a space war might look like Circa 2030: https://npolicy.org/article_file/What_War_In_Space_Might_Look_Like_In_The_Next_One_To_Two_Decades.pdf Why Cislunar Is Important and Hard: https://www.afrl.af.mil/Portals/90/Documents/RV/A%20Primer%20on%20Cislunar%20Space_Dist%20A_PA2021-1271.pdf?ver=vs6e0sE4PuJ51QC-15DEfg%3D%3D https://spaceforcejournal.org/posturing-space-forces-for-operations-beyond-geo/ Federalist Papers on Public Debate: https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Madison/01-10-02-0178

In this episode, Senior Fellow in Defense Studies Peter Garretson interviews Jean-Jacques Tortora, Director of the European Space Policy Institute in Vienna.  They talk about European space policy, the organization and roles of the European Space Agency (ESA), European Commission (EC), NATO, and member states. They discuss changes in how Europe is thinking about the security dimension of space. They also cover European perspectives on natural and man-made threats (Near Earth Objects, Solar Flares, Debris, Congested Traffic, ASATs), and a vision for global governance in space. They discuss the Russian ASAT test, change in NATO posture, French Defense Space Strategy, China & Russia's International Lunar Research Station, the Artemis program, Artemis Accords, a vision for space commerce, and opportunities for U.S.-European space cooperation. Jean-Jacques: https://www.iafastro.org/biographie/jean-jacques-tortora.html https://www.linkedin.com/in/jean-jacques-tortora-3b32645a/ ESA: https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/ESA_facts#:~:text=Us%20%2F%20Corporate%20news-,The%20European%20Space%20Agency%20(ESA)%20is%20Europe's%20gateway%20to%20space,organisation%20with%2022%20Member%20States. EU Space Policy Web Page: https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/eu-space-programme/ European Space Strategy: https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Business_with_ESA/ESA_and_the_European_Union_adopt_a_common_strategy_for_space https://www.siliconrepublic.com/innovation/eu-space-strategy-2021 https://espi.or.at/publications/espi-public-reports/send/2-public-espi-reports/549-european-space-strategy-in-a-global-context-executive-summary NATO: Space as an Operational Domain https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/topics_175419.htm NATO’s Overarching Space Policy :"Such attacks could lead to the invocation of Article 5. A decision as to when such attacks would lead to the invocation of Article 5 would be taken by the North Atlantic Council on a case-by-case basis"https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/official_texts_190862.htm French Defense Space Strategy: https://www.defense.gouv.fr/english/layout/set/print/content/download/574375/9839912/version/5/file/Space+Defence+Strategy+2019_France.pdf UK Proposal: https://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/C.1/75/L.45/Rev.1 https://www.orfonline.org/research/assessing-the-british-proposal-on-space-security/

In this episode, Senior Fellow in Defense Studies Peter Garretson interviews Wayne White, author of the Space Pioneer Act. They discuss the utility of real property rights in space, consistence with the Outer Space Treaty, and how national legislation can help set norms and enable U.S. leadership. They outline the contents of the Space Pioneer act and the next steps for the draft legislation. Wayne White: https://www.linkedin.com/in/waynenwhite/ https://independent.academia.edu/WhiteWayne Space Pioneer Act (Full Act): https://www.academia.edu/45290412/The_Space_Pioneer_Act Space Pioneer Act (FAQ): https://www.academia.edu/49138575/The_Space_Pioneer_Act_Frequently_Asked_Questions Space Pioneer Act (Outline Only): https://www.academia.edu/49138580/The_Space_Pioneer_Act_Outline Real Property Rights in Space: http://www.space-settlement-institute.org/Articles/research_library/WayneWhite98-2.pdf https://www.academia.edu/9176166/Real_Property_Rights_in_Outer_Space_unpublished_long_version_1985 Salvage Law for Outer Space: https://www.academia.edu/6983159/Salvage_Law_for_Outer_Space National Space Society (About): https://space.nss.org/nss-statement-of-philosophy/ NSS Space Settlement Library: https://space.nss.org/space-settlement-library/

In this episode, Senior Fellow in Defense Studies Peter Garretson interviews Dean Cheng, a Senior Research Fellow with the Heritage Foundation on Chinese political and security affairs. They discuss modern China, whether it is a peer or near-peer, whether it is totalitarian or a dictatorship, what are its national interests, and how the regime thinks about space. They examine China's global and space ambitions, the reasons for its behavior and adversarial stand, its Lunar, Mars, Space station and anti-satellite and orbital hypersonic program and its capabilities, its military reorganization, whether it can innovate and what policymakers and the Space Force must do in response. Dean Cheng: https://www.heritage.org/staff/dean-cheng https://www.linkedin.com/in/dean-cheng-b340221 Cyber Dragon: Inside China's Information Warfare and Cyber Operations https://www.amazon.com/dp/1440835640/ref=cm_sw_r_awdo_navT_a_JWEQ8803R313FX73EJ1X Lawfare https://www.heritage.org/asia/report/winning-without-fighting-chinese-legal-warfare

In this episode, Senior Fellow in Defense Studies Peter Garretson interviews Kevin O'Connell, Founder and CEO of Space Economy Rising, and former Director of the Office of Space Commerce. They discuss the Kevin's time at Commerce, including the three types of entrepreneurs: the disruptors, the inventors, and the infrastructure builders. Kevin details the history and future of the Office of Space Commerce, and the appropriate roles for government within markets. They outline work to improve the methodology for measuring the space economy and the U.S. proportion of the broader $450 billion space economy, which enables >$5 Trillion in economic value to the U.S. They cover the various current and emerging space sectors, the problems and opportunities of proliferating satellite mega constellations, debris, space traffic management and active debris removal. They predict how reusability and On-Orbit Servicing, Assembly and Maintenance will change the economics of space. They detail the imperative to regulate at the speed of business, and how the U.S. may lose companies overseas if its regulation is too tight. They speak to the potential for the cislunar economy and the need for enabling infrastructure, resource exploration, and new services to better life on Earth. Next, they discuss space resources, asteroid mining, the Starship Singularity, and the challenge of China. Kevin outlines the need to energize the human capital talent base, and in general, that this is "a game of offense not defense" and that the U.S. needs to run faster. Finally, they close with a discussion on the possibility of space settlements, the role of U.S. states, a space agenda worthy of the nation, and what work remains undone and opportunities for the new administration's space council. Kevin O’Connell: https://www.linkedin.com/in/kevin-o-connell-092a684/ https://spaceeconomyrising.com/about Space Economy Rising: https://spaceeconomyrising.com/ Dept of Commerce Office of Space Commerce https://www.space.commerce.gov/ Efforts to Elevate Office: https://spacepolicyonline.com/news/house-appropriators-continue-to-reject-elevating-noaas-office-of-space-commerce-to-department-level/ State of the Space Industrial Base 2021 https://www.diu.mil/latest/state-of-the-space-industrial-base-2021

In this episode, Senior Fellow in Defense Studies Peter Garretson interviews Todd Harrison, Director of Defense Budget Analysis, Director of the Aerospace Security Project, and Senior Fellow with the International Security Program at the Center for Strategic & International Studies (CSIS). They discuss the role of thinking tanks in helping policymakers ask the right questions, and what Todd sees as the most important question at present: How to improve protection of our critical space assets. Their talk focuses on the importance of space to our nation both militarily and economically. They cover the history and emergence of the Space Force and Todd's thoughts on a separate department and consolidation of the NRO. They discuss the changed orientation and priorities of the Biden administration and what major policy initiatives are left undone, including on norms, regulation and licensing. They assess the recent Chinese hypersonic and perhaps fractional orbital bombardment test, the contribution of a sensing layer to missile defense, the technical concerns with space-based missile defense. They close by speaking about Space Force Acquisition reform, and end with a discussion of a space agenda worthy of the nation. Todd: https://www.csis.org/people/todd-harrison https://www.linkedin.com/in/todd-harrison-7832461/ CSIS: https://www.csis.org/ CSIS Aerospace: https://aerospace.csis.org/ CSIS Space Threat Assessment 2021 https://www.csis.org/analysis/space-threat-assessment-2021

In this episode, Senior Fellow in Defense Studies Peter Garretson interviews General Steve "Bucky" Butow, Director of the Space Portfolio at the Defense Innovation Unit.  They discuss the recently released State of the Space Industrial Base Report 2021 and its findings, with particular emphasis on the commercial sector, its importance and needs. Gen. Steve Butow: https://www.linkedin.com/in/steve-butow-32724a27/ https://www.diu.mil/team/Steven-Butow State of the Space Industrial Base 2021 https://www.diu.mil/latest/state-of-the-space-industrial-base-2021 Formal Release of Report at Atlantic Council https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/event/state-of-the-space-industrial-base-2021/ State of the Space Industrial Base 2020 https://cdn.afresearchlab.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/27223753/State-of-the-Space-Industrial-Base-2020-Report_July-2020_FINAL.pdf DIU Space https://www.diu.mil/solutions/portfolio#Space Multi-Orbit Logistics https://www.c4isrnet.com/battlefield-tech/space/2020/02/05/the-pentagon-wants-a-roadside-assistance-service-in-space/ https://blog.executivebiz.com/2020/02/diu-seeks-vehicles-fuel-depots-for-space-logistics/ Outpost https://www.c4isrnet.com/battlefield-tech/space/2020/07/16/defense-innovation-unit-issues-contract-for-unmanned-orbital-outpost/ http://spaceref.com/news/viewsr.html?pid=52649 Remote Sensing https://insidedefense.com/insider/diu-seeks-commercial-remote-sensing-technology Space Futures Workshop https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/AD1101899.pdf

In this episode, Senior Fellow in Defense Studies Peter Garretson interviews George Pullen, Chief Economist of Milky Way Economy, a Fifth Industrial Revolution think tank and boutique consultancy based in Washington, DC. They discuss alternate markets, the space industry, and the space economy—its size and how it is expected to grow to exceed $4T, and why it is important to US national security. They examine the coming 5th industrial revolution in space, including the expectation of 6-12 commercial space stations engaged in biotech and extreme high purity products, and eventually large-scale manufacturing and the use of space resources, including rare earths. They outline important roles for government to help create supporting infrastructure (including the 'guard rails' on transportation), ensure freedom of movement, establish international norms of behavior, and provide search and rescue functions. They put forward visions for settlement, and the increasing maturity of Space Solar Power. They discuss the Space Force and its need to balance its dual role to support the other terrestrial armed forces as well as to 'extend out. They consider the opportunity that a US-India partnership offers for the brightest future. Finally, they conclude discussing what is a space agenda worthy of the nation, and what it would take to get there. George Pullen: https://www.linkedin.com/in/georgepullen/ Milky Way Economy: https://www.milkywayeconomy.com/ The Space Economy Podcast: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCR63DCdyLNLUYOlzbHoVxRA Book: Blockchain & The Space Economy https://www.milkywayeconomy.com/store https://www.amazon.com/Blockchain-Space-Economy-George-Pullen/dp/B084QMCCP5 Book: The Space Economy https://www.amazon.com/Space-Economy-Book-Zero/dp/1638778973

In this episode, Senior Fellow in Defense Studies Peter Garretson interviews General John Olson from Headquarters Space Force. They discuss the new 2021 State of the Space Industrial Base Report and its findings and recommendations, including the hybrid space architecture, JADC2, space mobility and logistics, and the space super highway, and the need to build a Cislunar Econosphere and ensure its ecurity. They also cover the strong sense of urgency felt by the participants at this inflection point in history, and the need for a bold 'North Star' vision to unite all elements of national power to become a true spacefaring nation. Gen Olson: https://www.af.mil/About-Us/Biographies/Display/Article/1732380/brigadier-general-john-m-olson/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/john-olson-jo/ State of the Space Industrial Base 2021 https://www.diu.mil/latest/state-of-the-space-industrial-base-2021 Formal Release of Report at Atlantic Council https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/event/state-of-the-space-industrial-base-2021/  (Last Year's) State of the Space Industrial Base 2020 https://cdn.afresearchlab.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/27223753/State-of-the-Space-Industrial-Base-2020-Report_July-2020_FINAL.pdf US Space Force https://www.spaceforce.mil/ US Space Force Doctrine https://www.spaceforce.mil/Portals/1/Space%20Capstone%20Publication_10%20Aug%202020.pdf US Space Force CSO Planning Guidance https://media.defense.gov/2020/Nov/09/2002531998/-1/-1/0/CSO%20PLANNING%20GUIDANCE.PDF Space Futures Workshop https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/AD1101899.pdf

In this episode, Senior Fellow in Defense Studies Peter Garretson interviews Tim Chrisman, Co-Founder and Executive Director of the Foundation for the Future (F4F). They discuss the need for space infrastructure and logistics and associated financing. Tim describes the Foundation for the Future's Space Corporation concept, efforts by the Foundation to create a broader conversation about space infrastructure, as well as several big infrastructure ideas. They outline the challenge the US faces in China, and the critical role space will play in the determination of the future our children will live in. Finally, they cover what sort of space agenda is worthy of the nation, and how F4F is working with Congress to create a new arm to enable a brighter future and millions of new jobs. Tim: https://www.linkedin.com/in/space-tim/ Foundation for the Future: https://www.f4f.space/ The Space Corporation Act: https://www.f4f.space/space-act https://e83ae7c1-b7f1-4890-ba38-f2ae424e123e.filesusr.com/ugd/94f02a_a5e19d9f3a5b4becab138d9a747afabe.pdf Conversations for the Future: https://www.f4f.space/conversations Infrastructure for the Future: https://www.f4f.space/infrastructure

In this episode, Senior Fellow in Defense Studies Peter Garretson interviews Theresa Hitchens, space pundit, NATO and nuclear war expert, former UN diplomat, and now space reporter for Breaking Defense. They discuss her essay, "How ‘The Expanse’ Is A Cautionary Tale For Real World Space Commercialization," exploring its parallels to current commercial space development and regulation, and parallels to history. Next, they address the utility of science fiction to strategy, and why strategists should read scifi. They cover the benefits space brings to understanding our reality, to economic benefits today, to future economic benefits from space resources, the human need as a migratory species to expand and explore and to ensure survival. They outline the importance of sustaining space as a resource for human betterment; avoiding conflict that may be unnecessary over resources, dampening tensions and misunderstandings among nation states. Additionally, they detail the PRC's space weapons program and the utility of norms. They also discuss Space Force, 'warfighting,' military space doctrine, nuclear deterrence, SDI, norms and commercial regulation. Finally, they close by talking about opportunities before the National Space Council and Space Force / USSPACECOM leadership to address current problems as well as shape the far future. Theresa:   https://breakingdefense.com/2019/04/theresa-hitchens-joins-breaking-d-just-in-time-for-space-symposium/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/theresa-hitchens-2b0883107/ Theresa's Journalism at Breaking Defense: https://breakingdefense.com/author/thitchens/ To Boldly Go: https://www.casematepublishers.com/to-boldly-go.html#.YXbEmtnMLX0 Strategy Strikes Back https://www.amazon.com/Strategy-Strikes-Back-Explains-Military/dp/1640120335 Winning Westeros https://www.amazon.com/Winning-Westeros-Explains-Military-Conflict/dp/1640124810 UNIDIR https://unidir.org/ Forwarding Multilateral Space Governance: Next Steps https://cissm.umd.edu/research-impact/publications/forwarding-multilateral-space-governance-next-steps-international CISSM: https://cissm.umd.edu/ OST: https://www.unoosa.org/pdf/gares/ARES_21_2222E.pdf Chinese test of a FOB?:  https://breakingdefense.com/2021/10/questions-linger-over-chinas-reported-hypersonic-space-weapon-test/

In this episode, Senior Fellow in Defense Studies Peter Garretson interviews Dr. Scott Pace, Director of the Space Policy Institute at the George Washington University's Elliott School of International Affairs and former Deputy Assistant to the President and Executive Secretary of the National Space Council from 2017-2020. They discuss the criticality of broad and bipartisan consensus to sustainable space exploration and development. Next, follows a discussion on exploration policy, space as a warfighting domain, China, spacepower theory (Dolman’s Astropolitics vs Bowen’s Continental Seapower), arms control, the record of the National Space Council’s space policy directives, their rational and significance. The speakers cover the possible futures in space depending on whether we can live off the land and pay our own way leading to different analogies: settlements, ‘Everest’, ‘McMurdo’, and deep sea drilling platforms. They provide details about space property rights, development and industrialization, asteroid defense and how it is getting worked into the missions of the agencies such as NASA and DoD. Finally, they discuss opportunities available to the new administration and space council and define a space agenda worthy of our nation and its values. Dr. Pace: https://elliott.gwu.edu/scott-pace GWU Space Policy Institute https://spi.elliott.gwu.edu/ Report on National Space Council Activities https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Final-Report-on-the-Activities-of-the-National-Space-Council-01.15.21.pdf National Space Policy https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/presidential-actions/memorandum-national-space-policy/ A New Vision for Deep Space Exploration and Development https://aerospace.org/sites/default/files/2020-07/NSpC%20New%20Era%20for%20Space%2023Jul20.pdf National Near Earth Object Strategy and Action Plan https://aerospace.csis.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/OSTP-NEO-Strategy-Action-Plan-Jun18.pdf Spacepower Doctrine https://www.spaceforce.mil/Portals/1/Space%20Capstone%20Publication_10%20Aug%202020.pdf Artemis Accords https://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis-accords/index.html Collected Space Space Policy Directives https://www.spacefoundation.org/space_brief/space-policy-directives/

In this episode, Senior Fellow in Defense Studies Peter Garretson interviews Col. Eric Felt, Director of Air Force Research Lab Space Vehicles Directorate--The Space Force's Lab. Col. felt provides an overview of the role of the Air Force Research Lab (AFRL), Space Vehicles, its size, budget, and relation to the Space Force. They discuss how AFRL cooperates with funding agencies and partner agencies (SDA, Space RCO, AF RCO, SSC, DARPA, DIU) as well as with the commercial sector. Next, they dive into AFRL's past successes such as DSX, Eagle/Mycroft and their impact on deterrence, as well as current experiments such as NTS-3, SPIDER, and CHPS. Then the focus shifts to a discussion on how the Space Force is considering an exciting future of Cislunar commerce, the possibility of space mining, power beaming, settlements and on-orbit servicing, assembly and maintenance (OSAM), and future roles and missions including the defense of commerce, planetary defense, search and rescue which might arise. They provide a definition for the meaning of "warfighting" and how it forms a lens for investment to ensure deterrence. Finally the close with a discussion on the working culture of both Space Force and AFRL, and the "opportunity to shape the opportunity." Col Felt: https://www.linkedin.com/in/eric-felt-bb686316/ Space Force (and Recruiting): https://www.spaceforce.mil/ https://www.airforce.com/spaceforce?gclid=EAIaIQobChMIkYnvmazH8AIVmonICh2ngAXHEAAYASAAEgIULPD_BwE&gclsrc=aw.ds AFRL (and Recruiting): https://afresearchlab.com/ https://afresearchlab.com/careers-and-opportunities/career-employment/ "One Lab Two Services": https://afresearchlab.com/technology/space Space Vehicles: https://www.afrl.af.mil/RV/ https://afresearchlab.com/technology/space Primer for S&T: https://sgp.fas.org/crs/natsec/IF10553.pdf https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IF/IF10553 Space Technology Funding: https://www.afpc.org/uploads/documents/Defense_Technology_Briefing_-_Issue_23.pdf NTS-3: https://afresearchlab.com/technology/space-vehicles/successstories/nts-3 DSX: https://afresearchlab.com/technology/space-vehicles/successstories/demonstration-and-science-experiments-dsx-satellite-2/ Eagle/Mycroft: https://afresearchlab.com/technology/space-vehicles/eagle/ https://afresearchlab.com/technology/space-vehicles/mycroft/

In this episode, Senior Fellow in Defense Studies Peter Garretson interviews Tyler Bates, a Captain in the USSF about his article in The Space Force Journal about Cislunar Mission Concepts for the Department of Defense.  They discuss the strategic importance of the Moon, China's activities, and potential U.S. Space Force roles in enabling and securing commerce.  They delve into specific mission concepts of satellite communication, precision navigation and timing, space domain awareness, Lunar surface awareness, as well as deep space search and rescue and planetary defense. They also cover how Tyler got interested in Cislunar, what made him join the Space Force, what it is like to be a guardian, and how the Space Force's culture is evolving. Tyler Bates: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tyler-bates-9770b21b6/  Tyler's Article: https://thespaceforcejournal.com/issue-2-7-cislunar The Space Force Journal:  https://thespaceforcejournal.com/ Space Capstone Publication: Spacepower: https://www.spaceforce.mil/Portals/1/Space%20Capstone%20Publication_10%20Aug%202020.pdf The Guardian Ideal https://media.defense.gov/2021/Sep/21/2002858512/-1/-1/1/GUARDIAN%20IDEAL%20-%20FINAL.PDF A Primer on Cislunar Space: https://www.afrl.af.mil/Portals/90/Documents/RV/A%20Primer%20on%20Cislunar%20Space_Dist%20A_PA2021-1271.pdf?ver=vs6e0sE4PuJ51QC-15DEfg%3D%3D   Artemis Accords:  https://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis-accords/index.html Artemis Program:  https://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis/ China in Space: A Strategic Competition?:  https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/Namrata%20Goswami%20USCC%2025%20April.pdf  Gray Zone Project:  https://www.csis.org/grayzone Planetary Defense White Paper: https://assets.pubpub.org/ylzrdc5n/41617915537633.pdf China International Lunar Research Station: http://www.cnsa.gov.cn/english/n6465652/n6465653/c6812150/content.html NASA-USSF MOU:  https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/nasa_ussf_mou_21_sep_20.pdf NASA Nuclear Thermal: https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-announces-nuclear-thermal-propulsion-reactor-concept-awards DARPA DRACO: https://www.darpa.mil/program/demonstration-rocket-for-agile-cislunar-operations