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TED(指Technology,Entertainment,Design在英语中的缩写,即技术、娱乐、设计)是美国的一家私有非营利机构,该机构以它组织的TED大会著称,这个会议的宗旨是“传播一切值得传播的创意”。TED诞生于1984年,其发起人是理查德·索·乌曼。2001年起,克里斯·安德森接管TED,创立了种子基金会(The Sapling Foundation),并运营TED大会。
每年3月,TED大会在北美召集众多科学、设计、文学、音乐等领域的杰出人物,分享他们关于技术、社会、人的思考和探索。
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Sleep deprivation among American teenagers is an epidemic. Only about 1 in 10 teens gets the 8 to 10 hours of sleep per night recommended by sleep scientists and pediatricians. So, what’s going on? And what changes can be made to address this issue? Wendy Troxel shares how early school start times and public policy are depriving adolescents of sleep at a time when they need it most. [Directed by Laura Jayne Hodkin, music by Cem Misirlioglu, WORKPLAYWORK].睡眠不足是美国青少年中的一种流行病。睡够儿科医生和睡眠科学家推荐的每晚8-10小时的青少年只有十分之一。 所以,发生了什么?我们如何才能改善这个情况?温迪 · 特罗克塞尔(Wendy Troxel)分享了过早的上课时间以及公共政策是如何剥夺青少年最重要时间的睡眠的。
获取全套TED资料(音频、视频、英中双语对照文本),请关注公众号【悦读烩】You’re sure you know your 3rd grade teacher’s name— it’s like you’re hovering over it in your mind, but it just won’t materialize. Researchers call this tantalizing torment a “tip-of-the-tongue state,” and it’s something everyone experiences. But what’s actually happening when a word’s caught here, and how can you best get it unstuck? Cella Wright explores why your brain can struggle with recall. [Directed by Avi Ofer, narrated by Susan Zimmerman, music by Stephen LaRosa].你肯定知道你三年级老师的名字,它就萦绕在你的脑海中,你却说不出口。研究人员将这种让人干着急的折磨称为“舌尖现象”,人人都会经历。但词语卡壳的时候,究竟发生了什么?你该怎么说出口呢?塞拉·莱特(Cella Wright)探索了为什么大脑会如此吃力地回忆某个词语。
"Desertification is a fancy word for land that is turning to desert," begins Allan Savory in this quietly powerful talk. And it's happening to about two-thirds of the world's grasslands, accelerating climate change and causing traditional grazing societies to descend into social chaos. Savory has devoted his life to stopping it. He now believes -- and his work may show -- that a surprising factor can protect grasslands and even reclaim degraded land that was once desert.“荒漠化是个华丽的词,用来描述正在变成沙漠的土地,”艾伦·萨弗瑞(Allan Savory)用这句话开始了这个强有力的演讲。可怕的是,世界上三分之二的草地正在变成沙漠,加快了气候变化并导致传统放牧社会陷入混乱。萨弗瑞奉献一生的时间来制止它。现在他相信——他的工作也显示了——一个惊人的因素能保护草原并恢复退化成沙漠的土地。艾伦·萨弗瑞认为,全球草原的荒漠化是贫困、社会崩溃、暴力冲突、文化灭绝的直接诱因,同时也是造成气候变化的一大重要因素。20 世纪 60 年代,萨弗瑞在非洲致力于解决贫困加剧与野生动物锐减这两大相互关联的问题时,在理解草原生态系统退化和荒漠化方面取得了重大突破。历经数十年的研究与合作,如今五大洲数千名土地、牲畜及野生动物管理者都在践行他提出的 “整体管理” 方法论。1992 年,萨弗瑞与其妻子乔迪・巴特菲尔德在津巴布韦成立了非洲整体管理中心,为全非洲的相关从业者提供学习交流的平台。2010 年,该中心因在荒漠化逆转方面的突出成果斩获巴克敏斯特・富勒挑战奖。同年,萨弗瑞夫妇联合其他人士在美国科罗拉多州博尔德市创办了萨沃里研究所,旨在推动全球范围内草原的大规模修复工作。
Cameron Russell admits she won "a genetic lottery": she's tall, pretty and an underwear model. But don't judge her by her looks. In this fearless talk, she takes a wry look at the industry that had her looking highly seductive at barely 16 years old.卡梅伦・拉塞尔(Cameron Russell承认她是个遗传的幸运儿,她是个高挑漂亮的内衣模特。但不要光用外表来评判她。在这场无所畏惧的演讲中,她用另类的方式来看待这个让她16岁时就变得充满魅力的的行业。拉塞尔已从事模特行业十年。作为维多利亚的秘密(Victoria's Secret)的热门模特,她曾登上多个国际版本的《Vogue》杂志,还为拉尔夫・劳伦(Ralph Lauren)、贝纳通(Benetton)等品牌拍摄过广告。但她内心深处认为,外在形象并非一切。
"Tipping Point" author Malcolm Gladwell gets inside the food industry's pursuit of the perfect spaghetti sauce -- and makes a larger argument about the nature of choice and happiness.《引爆点》的作者马尔科姆・格拉德威尔(Malcolm Gladwell)揭开食品行业探寻完美的意粉酱的历程 —— 并进一步探讨了选择和快乐的本质。格拉德威尔以多部《纽约时报》畅销书闻名,包括《引爆点》(The Tipping Point)、《眨眼之间》(Blink)、《异类》(Outliers)、《与陌生人交谈》(Talking to Strangers)和《轰炸机黑手党》(The Bomber Mafia)。他的下一部作品是什么?《引爆点:回归》(Revenge of the Tipping Point)—— 这本新书将重新审视他的经典之作,定于 2024 年 10 月出版。格拉德威尔是普什金传媒公司(Pushkin Industries)的联合创始人,该公司是一家有声书和播客制作公司,出品的播客包括《修正主义历史》(Revisionist History)、《迈克尔・刘易斯的打破常规》(Against the Rules with Michael Lewis)、《劳里・桑托斯博士的幸福实验室》(The Happiness Lab with Dr. Laurie Santos)以及《破碎唱片》(Broken Record)。
Approximately seven million people around the world die from heart attacks every year. And cardiovascular disease, which causes heart attacks and other problems like strokes, is the world's leading killer. So what causes a heart attack? Krishna Sudhir examines the leading causes and treatments of this deadly disease. [Directed by Chadwick Whitehead, narrated by Addison Anderson, music by Dreikelvin Media & Sound].全世界每年大概有七百万人死于心脏病发作。而心血管疾病引起的心脏病发作和其它问题,如中风,是世界首要的死亡病因。是什么导致了心脏病发作?克里希纳·苏迪尔(Krishna Sudhir)探索了这些致命疾病的主要病因和治疗方式。
Charlie Todd causes bizarre, hilarious, and unexpected public scenes: Seventy synchronized dancers in storefront windows, "ghostbusters" running through the New York Public Library, and the annual no-pants subway ride. His group, Improv Everywhere, uses these scenes to bring people together.喜剧演员查理・托德(Charlie Todd)发起一些古怪滑稽令人无法意料的活动:商店橱窗前一同起舞的70名舞者;在纽约公共图书馆乱窜的“捉鬼天师”;还有一年一度的不穿裤子乘地铁。他在TEDxBloomington,他展示了其“随处即兴”团队是怎么通过以上活动将人们聚集起来。受临时工作的枯燥所扰,又厌倦了等待他人给予舞台,托德决定自己创造机会。于是他走进一家酒吧,假装成音乐人本・福尔兹(Ben Folds)。这次尝试大获成功,启发他创立了 “即兴无处不在”(Improv Everywhere)——“一个总部位于纽约的恶作剧团体,致力于在公共场所制造充满混乱与欢乐的场景”。十年来,托德一直负责该团体作品的策划、执导、表演及记录工作。在此期间,他们开展了超过 100 场恶作剧行动,部分行动涉及数百甚至数千名参与者,每一场都创造了奇妙且不可复制的体验。他是纽约 “正直公民旅剧院”(Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre)的演员,同时著有《制造场景》(Causing a Scene)一书。托德与 “即兴无处不在” 的合作伙伴们共同为迪士尼 + 执导并监制了一部真人剧集《皮克斯真人奇遇记》(Pixar In Real Life)。该剧集邀请皮克斯电影中的经典角色现身纽约街头,为普通人带来意外惊喜。
Russell Foster is a circadian neuroscientist: He studies the sleep cycles of the brain. And he asks: What do we know about sleep? Not a lot, it turns out, for something we do with one-third of our lives. In this talk, Foster shares three popular theories about why we sleep, busts some myths about how much sleep we need at different ages -- and hints at some bold new uses of sleep as a predictor of mental health.拉塞尔·福斯特(Russell Foster)是一位睡眠神经科学家,他研究脑部的睡眠周期。他提问:关于睡眠,我们知道什么?事实证明,对于占据我们三分之一生命时光的这件事,我们知之甚少。在此次演讲中,福斯特分享了关于睡眠原因的三种流行的理论,揭示了对于不同年龄层需要睡眠量的一些迷思,也提出了一些大胆的将睡眠作为预测心理健康的新用途。就像耳朵身兼二职(平衡与听觉)一样,拉塞尔・福斯特提出,眼睛也有两项功能:一是形成视觉,二是 —— 作为一项完全独立的功能 —— 调控我们对明暗的感知,为昼夜节律提供所需线索,以调节睡眠 - 觉醒周期。他与牛津大学的研究团队正在探索眼睛中的第三种光感受器:它既非视杆细胞也非视锥细胞,而是一种光敏视网膜神经节细胞(pRGC),这种细胞能检测明暗变化,并将相关信息传递给昼夜节律系统。正如福斯特所解释的:“在我们的基因中,以及地球上几乎所有生命的基因里,都蕴含着生物钟的指令,它标记着大约 24 小时的时间流逝。” 明暗变化帮助我们将这种内在时钟与外部世界同步。关于光感知的研究与我们的衰老过程密切相关 —— 随着视力衰退,我们的睡眠周期也可能受到干扰,而这会引发非常严重的后果,包括注意力不集中、抑郁和认知能力下降。我们对眼睛和身体如何构建睡眠周期的了解越深入,就越能重视将睡眠作为一种疗法的重要性。
It's a classic underdog tale: David, a young shepherd armed only with a sling, beats Goliath, the mighty warrior. The story has transcended its biblical origins to become a common shorthand for unlikely victory. But, asks Malcolm Gladwell, is that really what the David and Goliath story is about?这是个经典的逆袭故事:大卫,一个年轻的牧羊人,手里只有一条投石绳,却打败了强大的敌人哥利亚。这个故事从圣经版本演变成一个逆袭胜利的大众版本。但是,马尔科姆・格拉德威尔(Malcolm Gladwell)提出了他的质疑,这真的是大卫与哥利亚的故事所要表达的吗?格拉德威尔凭借多部《纽约时报》畅销书闻名,其中包括《引爆点》(The Tipping Point)、《眨眼之间》(Blink)、《异类》(Outliers)、《与陌生人交谈》(Talking to Strangers)以及《轰炸王》(The Bomber Mafia)。他的下一部作品是什么呢?答案是《引爆点:回归》(Revenge of the Tipping Point)—— 这本新书将以全新视角重新解读他的经典著作,预计于 2024 年 10 月出版。此外,格拉德威尔还是普什金传媒公司(Pushkin Industries)的联合创始人。这是一家有声书与播客制作公司,旗下出品的播客节目包括《修正主义历史》(Revisionist History)、《迈克尔・刘易斯:打破常规》(Against the Rules with Michael Lewis)、《劳里・桑托斯博士:幸福实验室》(The Happiness Lab with Dr. Laurie Santos)以及《破纪录》(Broken Record)。
The report you've been putting off is due tomorrow. It's time to buckle down, open your computer ... and check your phone. Maybe watch your favorite YouTube channel? Or maybe you should just start in the morning? This is the cycle of procrastination. So, why do we procrastinate when we know it's bad for us? Explore how your body triggers a procrastination response, and how you can break the cycle. [Directed by Vitalii Nebelskyi, and action agency, narrated by Jack Cutmore-Scott, music by Stephen LaRosa].那篇你一直拖着没有完成的报告明天必须提交。现在该开始努力工作了。于是你打开电脑……又刷了刷手机。也许再看几段你最钟爱的 YouTube 视频?或者等到明天再说?这就是拖延症的恶性循环。明知拖延症于己无益,但是我们为何依旧难以摆脱拖延症呢?本视频探讨了触发拖延反应的身体机制,以及摆脱拖延症恶性循坏的方法。
Imagine being by yourself in the dead center of a 3,000-foot vertical cliff -- without a rope to catch you if you fall. For professional rock climber Alex Honnold, this dizzying scene marked the culmination of a decade-long dream. In a hair-raising talk, he tells the story of how he summited Yosemite's El Capitan, completing one of the most dangerous free solo climbs ever.想像一下你独自处在九百多米高的垂直峭壁正中间。如果你掉下去,没有绳索会拉住你。对职业攀岩者艾力克斯·霍诺德(Alex Honnold)而言,这个让人晕眩的场景,是他十年梦想的高潮。在这场让人寒毛直竖的演说中,他诉说如何爬上酋长岩顶峰的故事,完成了史上最危险的单人徒手攀岩壮举之一。霍诺德是一位天赋异禀却依旧勤奋的运动员,他既因谦逊低调的态度为人熟知,也因徒手攀登令人眩晕的高耸悬崖(坠落时无绳索保护)而闻名。他曾接受《60 分钟》和《纽约时报》专访,登上《国家地理》杂志封面,出演过国际电视广告,还主演了多部探险影片,包括艾美奖提名作品《孤身绝壁》。他也是纪录片《徒手攀岩》的主角,该片由国家地理纪录片公司发行。霍诺德是霍诺德基金会的创始人,这是一家致力于推动全球太阳能普及的非营利组织。时至今日,他仍保持着 “背包客式攀岩者” 的简朴生活,以房车为家,将大部分收入捐赠给霍诺德基金会,同时环游世界,寻找下一次伟大的垂直冒险。
戳这里欣赏维瓦尔第的小提琴协奏曲《四季》�安东尼奥·维瓦尔第《四季》Light, bright, and cheerful, "The Four Seasons" by Antonio Vivaldi is some of the most familiar of all early 18th century music, featured in numerous films and television commercials. But what is its significance, and why does it sound that way? Betsy Schwarm uncovers the underlying narrative of this musical masterpiece. [Directed by Compote Collective, narrated by Betsy Schwarm, music by Big Banda Soundscapers].轻松,明快,令人愉悦,这就是安东尼奥·维瓦尔第的“四季”,它是最为人熟知的18世纪早期的音乐之一,曾数出现在电影和电视广告中。 又为什么给人留有这种印象呢?贝特西·施沃姆(Betsy Schwarm)为你揭开这一音乐杰作背后的故事。
They're cute, they're lovable, and judging by the 26 billion views on over 2 million YouTube videos of them, one thing is certain: cats are very entertaining. But their strange feline behaviors, both amusing and baffling, leave many of us asking: Why do cats do that? Tony Buffington explains the science behind some of your cat's strangest behaviors. [Directed by Chintis Lundgren, narrated by Addison Anderson, music by Edi Premate].他们很可爱并招人喜欢,Youtu上的200万个视频被观看了260亿次,可以确定:猫是非常有趣的动物。可是,猫科动物的奇怪行为,既有趣又令人困惑,许多人可能会问:猫为什么这个样子呢?托尼·巴芬顿(Tony Buffington)解释了这些古怪行为背后的科学原理。
Gold may glitter, but the hidden cost of mining it is devastating. Amazon researcher and TED Fellow Claudia Vega exposes how mercury pollution from artisanal gold mining poisons local communities and destroys rainforests — and shows why protecting the planet is far more valuable than any treasure.黄金可能会闪闪发光,但开采黄金背后隐藏的代价却极为惨重。亚马逊研究员及 TED 会员克劳蒂雅‧维加(Claudia Vega)会在演说中揭露人工开采黄金怎么透过汞污染毒害当地小区、破坏雨林——并说明为何保护地球比任何宝藏都更有价值。
The AI revolution and our aging power grid are on a historic collision course, threatening to stall innovation and raise energy costs for everyone. Physicist and AI grid futurist Varun Sivaram reveals how we might flip this looming crisis into a once-in-a-generation opportunity — turning AI into a flexible user of power that actually strengthens the grid. Learn how this innovation could unlock new capacity for AI data centers while lowering costs and accelerating the energy future we’ve been waiting for.人工智能革命和我们老化的电网正处于历史性的碰撞过程中,有可能阻碍创新并增加每个人的能源成本。物理学家和人工智能电网未来学家瓦伦·西瓦拉姆 (Varun Sivaram) 揭示了我们如何将这场迫在眉睫的危机转变为千载难逢的机会——将人工智能转变为灵活的电力用户,真正加强电网。了解这项创新如何释放人工智能数据中心的新容量,同时降低成本并加速我们一直在等待的能源未来。
It took alcohol 200 years to go from scientific discovery to industrial revolution, but tech innovator Xu Hao says we can’t afford to wait that long to tackle the climate crisis. He explores why most climate solutions are still stuck in labs — despite breakthrough science that can turn planet-warming CO₂ into everyday products like toothpaste, water bottles and smartphone components — and explains what it will take for a clean future to arrive sooner than we think.酒精从科学发现到引发工业革命,耗时 200 年,但科技创新者徐浩(Xu Hao)表示,应对气候危机,我们根本耗不起这么久。他深入探讨了为何多数气候解决方案仍停留在实验室阶段 —— 尽管已有突破性科学技术能将导致全球变暖的二氧化碳转化为牙膏、水瓶、智能手机零部件等日常用品 —— 并阐释了如何才能让清洁未来比我们预想的更快到来。
The Italian island of Sardinia has more than six times as many centenarians as the mainland and ten times as many as North America. Why? According to psychologist Susan Pinker, it's not a sunny disposition or a low-fat, gluten-free diet that keeps the islanders healthy -- it's their emphasis on close personal relationships and face-to-face interactions. Learn more about super longevity as Pinker explains what it takes to live to 100 and beyond.意大利撒丁岛上的百岁老人是大陆的六倍多,也是北美的十倍。这是为什么呢?根据心理学家苏珊·平克(Susan Pinker)的研究,使得那里的人们长寿的,既不是阳光普照,也不是低脂无糖饮食,而是他们对亲密关系和面对面互动关系的重视。想要了解怎样长寿,就看看平克是解释如何才能活到百岁及百岁以上的。在她获得奖项的著作《性别悖论》(The Sexual Paradox) 中,平克提出,生物差异可能在形成课堂、人生历程和职场性别差距方面具有超乎想象的影响力。而在其著作《村落效应》(The Village Effect) 中,她则探讨了另一股潮流:社交性的、面对面的互动不仅对我们的幸福感至关重要,对我们的生存也同样关键;同时,她也阐述了技术如何可能使我们与这些维系生命的纽带隔绝开来。正如她所写:“疏于与对你重要的人保持紧密联系,其对健康的危害至少等同于每天抽一包烟的习惯、高血压或肥胖。”除了著书立说,平克还为《华尔街日报》撰写专栏“思想与物质世界”(Mind and Matter),该专栏旨在揭示人类行为研究中的惊人进展。平克的大量文章(包括她的每周专栏“问题解决”(Problem Solving) 和“商业头脑”(The Business Brain))曾发表于《卫报》、《纽约时报》、《金融时报》等众多媒体。海伦・沃尔特斯(Helen Walters)是TED 的内容策划负责人。
In the US, your taxes fund academic research at public universities. Why then do you need to pay expensive, for-profit journals for the results of that research? Erica Stone advocates for a new, open-access relationship between the public and scholars, making the case that academics should publish in more accessible media to help the public be well-educated and well-informed. [Directed by Jeff Le Bars, JetPropulsion.space, music by Salil Bhayani, cAMP Studio].在美国,你纳的税被用来资助大学的学术研究。可为什么你还需要再付款给营利性期刊来获取这些研究成果呢?埃丽卡・斯通(Erica Stone)倡导一种公众与学者间新型的公开获取的关系,即学者们应该在大众更易获取信息的媒体上发表成果,从而帮助提高公众的受教育程度和知情程度。[导演:Jeff Le Bars,JetPropulsion.space, 音乐制作:Salil Bhayani,cAMP Studio]通过协作项目,埃丽卡・斯通为学者、学生和社区成员创造机会,让他们参与对话及公民问题解决,旨在构建一个更公平公正的民主制度。作为研究者,她热衷于让学术研究成果免费且易于获取。
When conservationists talk about rewilding, most people picture wolves and bison roaming endless landscapes — but Isabella Tree discovered the real revolution is happening in ordinary backyards. She shares the incredible story of how she and her husband transformed their failing farmland into a nature paradise, offering a three-step formula for anyone looking to turn their green space wild.当环保人士谈论 “野化” 时,大多数人会想象到狼和野牛在广袤无垠的土地上漫步 —— 但伊莎贝拉・特里(Isabella Tree)却发现,真正的变革正发生在普通人家的后院里。她分享了一个不可思议的故事:自己与丈夫如何将自家濒临衰败的农田改造成自然天堂,同时为所有希望让自家绿地恢复野性的人,提供了一个三步法方案。
More than 8,000 satellites orbit Earth, taking photos every day. Food security specialist and TED Fellow Catherine Nakalembe shows how she uses this imagery to help smallholder farmers across Africa prepare for floods, droughts and crop failures. Learn why real innovation isn’t always about shinier technology — it’s about making the tech truly fit the problem it’s solving.超过 8000 颗卫星绕地球运行,每天拍照。粮食安全专家兼 TED 研究员凯瑟琳·纳卡勒姆贝(Catherine Nakalembe)将展示她如何利用这些图像帮助非洲各地的小农户应对洪水、干旱和作物歉收。了解为什么真正的创新并不总是关乎更酷炫的技术——而是让科技真正契合其所要解决的问题。























