Review of the normal anatomy, physiology, and disorders of adrenal gland.
A detailed review of hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer.
A review of panhypopituitarism and its causes. We conclude with a discussion on how to differentiate primary, secondary, and tertiary hormone disorders along the HPA axis.
Review of a couple disorders affecting the anterior pituitary hormones - prolactin and growth hormone.
Review of disorders that occur due deficiencies and excessive release of ADH.
Overview of the different hormones of the endocrine system along the hypothalamic-pituitary-axis. Details regarding the different hormones and associated pathologies will be discussed in subsequent sections.
A couple miscellaneous topics to briefly review including nephrogenic systemic fibrosis and analgesic nephropathy.
Comparing benign versus malignant cysts, and review of polycystic kidney disease.
Review of the causes of nephrolithiasis, stone composition, and management.
Brief comparison of renal artery stenosis and fibromuscular dysplasia.
A rapid review of the three main subtypes of renal tubular acidosis.
Review of the many causes of nephritic and nephrotic syndrome. We conclude with a review of the types of proteinuria.
Review of the definition of CKD, its complications, and their management.
Review of the causes and management of acute kidney injury including pre-renal, intra-renal, and post-renal azotemia.
Extensive review of electrolyte disorders including sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphate.
Review of congenital nephron disorder including Fanconi syndrome and others.
Review of some basic nephrology physiology, anatomy, and acid-base disorders.
Review of acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer.