Why Are They So Angry?

Join Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square as they reminisce about their three years recording Why Are They So Angry? episodes and creating the WATSA? ecosphere. They’ll stroll down memory lane to tell which episodes were favorites then spill the tea on what’s next for them and the WATSA? project. Want more like this?  Check us out at www.whyaretheysoangry.com

The carnival dunking booths used to be a midway staple, but that seemingly innocent amusement has a sinister and racist history. Join Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square as they expose the horrific side of carnivals and why a baseball thrown at 100 miles per hour had deadly consequences. Want more history of systemic racism,  check us out at https://www.podpage.com/why-are-they-so-angry/

The landmark Supreme Court decision making it illegal to use race as a factor in college and university admissions is sending shockwaves through America. Listen as Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square dissect how the ruling could possibly have a negative impact on elementary and secondary education, businesses, industry, and employment practices and how the decision is unraveling decades of work to level the playing field for Blacks and minorities.  Want more history like this, check us out at https://www.podpage.com/why-are-they-so-angry/

Are new technologies exacerbating societal inequities and even reinforcing systemic racism? What role is facial recognition playing in government oversight and policing of citizens? How is reliance on algorithms undermining our basic freedoms? Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square explore these and other questions about artificial intelligence and its impact on racial, social, and economic justice. Want more hidden history, check out our website at www.whyaretheysoangry.com.

Resistance to the American form of chattel slavery took many forms. Listen as Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square illuminate the history of antebellum midwifery and its role in resisting forced breeding of enslaved women then trace this resistance to its modern day role in supporting positive, alternative birthing methods for Black women. Want more hidden history, check out our website at www.whyaretheysoangry.com.

Nearly 179 years ago, Rev. Henry Highland Garnett declared to Black enslaved people, “Let your motto be resistance! resistance! RESISTANCE!” Black people have resisted historic and ongoing oppression in all forms, especially the racial terrorism of lynching, racial pogroms, and police killings, since their arrival upon American shores. Listen as Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square tell the story of  the bloody Christiana Resistance and other heroic and mostly unsung and unknown acts of resistance from the past up to the present that Blacks have enacted in their struggle for freedom and equality. Want more hidden history, check out our website at www.whyaretheysoangry.com.

Did you know Mississippi’s first ever labor union was formed in 1866 by a group of Black washerwomen? Join Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square as they tell about the impact these women and their strike had on labor movements in the South and around America both then and now. Want more? Learn unadulterated history at https://learn-whyaretheysoangry.thinkific.com/

We’re delighted to share with you our entry into the American Black Film Festival (ABFF) Podcast Competition. Listen here and wish us luck!

The 2022 year is winding down, so join Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square, her niece, as they wrap up season three with a look back on and update about some of the year’s episodes. They’ll also make gift and reading recommendations just in time for holiday gift giving. And they’ll announce the winner of the notorious “Rutherford B Hayes Award”--- an award the hosts give to a person or persons who tried to derail efforts to dismantle systemic racism. Want more, take our course Systemic Racism: See it, Say it, Confront it at www.whyaretheysoangry.com and find us anywhere at www.podpage.com.whyaretheysoangry Citations Adams, McEachin, Fitzpatrick introduce African American Burial Grounds Preservation Act Best Black-Owned Banks | The Ascent Ceremony marks official return of Bruce's Beach - Los Angeles Times HBCyoU dolls on sale at Target created by Hampton University alumna https://news.yahoo.com/hbcyou-dolls-sale-target-created-170836100.html?fr=sycsrp_catchall Independent Voices of the Black American Press - JSTOR Daily Puzzles of Color Shop - Dash of Jazz

You’ve probably seen the iconic poster of a white woman in a red bandanna proudly flexing her muscles with the words “We Can Do It” emblazoned across the top. The poster became known as Rosie the Riveter. Few know that image easily could have been of a Black woman since over 600,000 Black American women were “Rosies” in defense industry and government jobs supporting WWII war efforts. Listen as Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square describe and honor their accomplishments as a Veterans' Day tribute. Want more like this? Go to https://www.podpage.com/why-are-they-so-angry/ to get the history they didn’t teach you in school. Citations A Bouquet of “Black Rosies”: A Dozen Facts About the African American “Rosies” of World War II — Live in Everett Betty Reid Soskin - Rosie the Riveter WWII Home Front National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service) ‘Black Rosies’: The Forgotten African American Heroines of the WWII Homefront - HISTORY “Film honors African American women who were ‘Rosie the Riveters’ during World War II”, The Washington Post, Dana Hedgpeth, December 31, 2021. Honoring Our Country’s Black Rosies Image of Rosie Broadens to Embrace African American Women | Kaiser Permanente Invisible Warriors Public Work Provides Economic Security for Black Families and Communities - Center for American Progress Rosie the Riveter https://youtu.be/EErJupzj2hw ‘Rosie the Riveter’ and the Black Women Who Joined a Movement - The Sacramento Observer Rosie the Riveter isn’t who you think she is - The Washington Post

If you think Halloween is scary, listen as Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square tell real horror stories of how African American cemeteries have been desecrated, destroyed, and disrespected through grave robbing and gentrification. Want more like this? Go to https://www.podpage.com/why-are-they-so-angry/ to get the history they didn’t teach you in school. Citations Dallas' First Freeway Built Over Freedman's Cemetery Freedman’s Cemetery Memorial (Dallas, TX) Freedman's Cemetery Memorial | Texas Time Travel Grave Robbing, Black Cemeteries, and the American Medical School - JSTOR Daily How African American Cemeteries Are Lost, Found, and Protected Historic Black cemetery buried below parking lot at center of legal dispute Inside the Effort for Black Cemeteries to Gain Historical Status - Texas Highways 'Thank God you found me': Florida officials unearth a fourth forgotten Black cemetery The Gory New York City Riot that Shaped American Medicine | History| Smithsonian Magazine The Moses Cemetery: Where Serial Displacement Meets History

If you’ve never heard of the Reverse Freedom Rides of 1962, you’re not alone. Join Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square as they tell this hidden history of how Southern segregationists tricked Blacks into boarding buses bound for what they thought was a brighter new life in the North. Then listen as your hosts draw a through line from that pernicious incident to current news stories about migrants in Arizona, Florida, and Texas being bused and flown to Northern cities. Want more like this? Go to https://www.podpage.com/why-are-they-so-angry/ to get the history they didn’t teach you in school.  Citations  A Lesson From the Past for Ron DeSantis  Biden Dismisses DeSantis’ Immigrant Relocation | National News  Lunch Hour Live: The Forgotten Story of the Reverse Freedom Rides  Migrant Buses Compared to 1962 'Reverse Freedom Rides' of Black Families  Migrants sent to Martha's Vineyard have been voluntarily taken to military base for support , officials say  Moseley, Margaret. Papers - The Civil Rights History Project: Survey of Collections and Repositories (The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress)  New poll indicates a majority of Texas voters support relocating migrants  Newsom Asks DOJ to Probe Florida, Texas Migrant Relocation Schemes  Reverse Freedom Rides - Wikipedia  962 THROWBACK: "REVERSE FREEDOM RIDES"  The Cruel Story Behind The 'Reverse Freedom Rides'  'The future is here.' Migrants step off buses from Texas into New York homeless shelters  The relocation of migrants by Republican governors recalls painful memories of the 'Reverse Freedom Rides'  Three Venezuelan migrants flown from Texas to Massachusetts sue Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis  To End Systemic Racism, Ensure Systemic Equality | News & Commentary | American Civil Liberties Union  Webb, Clive, "A Cheap Trafficking in Human Misery": The Reverse Freedom Rides of 1962 Journal of American Studies, Vol. 38, No. 2, Civil Rights and Reactions (Aug., 2004), pp. 249-271  Woman Recounts ‘Reverse Freedom Rides’ of 1962 After Migrants Sent to Martha’s Vineyard – NBC Boston

Choosing, applying to, and getting accepted into a college or university is fraught with stress as well as excitement. The process is doubly challenging for Black students who often face personal racist acts and systemic racism at predominantly white institutions (PWIs). Join Dr. Carol Francois and Kourtney Square as they tell the story of two talented young Black men who faced an angry mob over a hundred years ago at the University of Maine and how the terror they encountered is repeated on college and university campuses even today. Want more like this? Go to https://www.podpage.com/why-are-they-so-angry/ to get the history they didn’t teach you in school. Citations African American Students at Predominantly White Institutions: A Collaborative Style Cohort Recruitment & Retention Model American University student Taylor Dumpson sues over racist attacks | CNN “Applications to HBCUs rise dramatically as nationwide college enrollment falls,” https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/applications-to-hbcus-rise-dramatically-as-nationwide-college-enrollment-falls?fbclid=IwAR3pMfIg80KItYKt-6OPpbAWKHZardK1RyuwK-Ao304q66oI7cmL5PbR8EA Exploring the experiences, challenges, and resilience of Black students at private K Column: Acknowledge struggle Black students face at primarily white institutions - The Daily Gamecock at University of South Carolina Coming from Where We're From Disproportionality in student discipline: Connecting policy to research Exploring the experiences, challenges, and resilience of Black students at private K 5 Things That Make It Hard To Be A Black Student At A Mostly White College – ThinkProgress 5 Ways to Prepare Your Black Son For a Predominantly White Institution Former Lehigh University student allegedly poisoned black roommate after racist incident - ABC News Growing up as a Black Male Student in White Suburbia: What I learned In 1919, a Mob in Maine Tarred and Feathered Two Black College Students | History| Smithsonian Magazine Keys to the Survival of Predominantly White Institutions: Recruitment and Retention of Black and Brown Students | New England Board of Higher Education NEWS ROUNDUP: Brianna Brochu Facing Possible Charge; Second NYC Terror Suspect; El Museo Del Barrio Closing Predominantly white colleges tackle racism, diversity, equity and inclusion Radical Mainers: When a White Mob Attacked Two Black Students at the University of Maine Racism, Black College Students’ Mental Health, And The Efficacy Of Diversity And Inclusion Initiatives: A Case Study. The Black Student Experience - Texas A&M Today The burnout faced by Black students – The Hawk Newspaper (sjuhawknews.com) The hidden story of when two Black college students were tarred and feathered Tips for Attending a PWI as a Black Student What It Is Like to Be A Person Of Color At A Predominantly White Institution - The Pavlovic Today What Is Privilege? White Roommate Who Harassed Black Student Jazzy Rowe Avoids Jail Time

If you think the school choice movement and policies are about allowing parents to use tax dollars to get the best education for their children, you’d better listen to this episode to hear what’s really going on. Join Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square as they show the link between segregation academies of the Jim Crow South era and the systemic racism behind today’s proposed school choice policies. Though these policies could potentially re-create highly segregated schools, listeners will learn the surprising hidden purpose and true end game that exposes school choice as the ultimate bait and switch tactic. Go to https://www.podpage.com/why-are-they-so-angry/ to get the history they didn’t teach you in school. Citations Are US Taxpayers Funding Modern Segregation Academies In North Carolina? Charter Schools and Segregation: What the Research Says - FutureEd Choice Without Equity: Charter School Segregation and the Need for Civil Rights Standards Democracy in Chains: The Deep History of the Radical Right’s Stealth Plan for America Does Integration Still Matter in Public Schools? | Separate and Unequal | FRONTLINE | PBS | Official Site Exposing ALEC: How Conservative-Backed State Laws Are All Connected - The Atlantic How Milton Friedman Aided and Abetted Segregationists in His Quest to Privatize Public Education In Indiana, school choice means segregation - kappanonline.org In the 1950s, rather than integrate some public schools, Virginia closed them | Race | The Guardian Massive Resistance – Encyclopedia Virginia Massive Resistance in a Small Town | The National Endowment for the Humanities Racism and the Charter School Movement: Unveiling the Myths Reparations Are Possible—They Happened in Virginia - Pacific Standard Schools are still segregated, and black children are paying a price | Economic Policy Institute Segregation academy - Wikipedia The Closing of Prince Edward County's Schools | Virginia Museum of History & Culture The Ongoing Debate Over School Choice p>

Black owned newspapers have been community bedrocks for sharing issues, news, and concerns since 1827. Join Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square as they tell about a courageous female journalist who was terrorized and threatened with death for protesting three brutal lynchings in Memphis, TN. She went on to be central to the crusade against lynching, the development of Black newspapers, and the techniques of investigative journalism. Want more like this? Go to https://www.podpage.com/why-are-they-so-angry/ to get the history they didn’t teach you in school. Citations Black journalists push media to cover ‘hyper-racial’ moment in politics - POLITICO Black Press History | NNPA BlackPressUSA Timeline: Milestones of the Black Press in the U.S. - Nieman Reports  Independent Black-Owned Newspapers in the United States 7 facts about black Americans and the news media | Pew Research Center The Black Press: Past and Present - Nieman Reports Social media continue to be important political outlets for Black Americans

Since the time of the ancient empires of Western Africa until the present, Black business people and entrepreneurs have created wealth and prosperity for their communities. Listen as Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square describe how Black wheelers and dealers prospered and hear the surprising story of the Oyster King, a Black man who created his own empire in New York City’s oyster dining industry.  Want more like this? Go to https://www.podpage.com/why-are-they-so-angry/ to get the history they didn’t teach you in school. Citations Black-owned businesses in U.S. cities: The challenges, solutions, and opportunities for prosperity Ghana Empire - World History Encyclopedia Legendary Black Entrepreneurs The Mali Empire | National Geographic Society Songhai Empire (ca. 1375-1591)  THE VENERABLE THOMAS DOWNING – BLACK OYSTER KING OF NEW YORK Thomas Downing - NYC Oyster King & Abolitionist Top 20 Biggest Black Owned Companies in the US

Join Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square as they debunk the myth that chattel slavery was not practice in Northern American states. You’ll also hear  the riveting story of Ona Judge and the surprising founding father who doggedly tried to re-enslave her until his dying day. Want more? Go to https://www.podpage.com/why-are-they-so-angry/ to hear more untold and hidden history. Citations African Americans in the Revolutionary War - Wikipedia Deeper Roots of Northern Slavery Unearthed - HISTORY Fugitive Slave Acts - HISTORY Myths & Misunderstandings: The North and Slavery - American Civil War Museum Never Caught Audiobook by Erica Armstrong Dunbar, Robin Miles | Official Publisher Page | Simon & Schuster Slavery in the North Slavery Persisted in New England Until the 19th Century https://www.history.com/news/slavery-new-england-rhode-island The Remarkable Story of Ona Judge - White House Historical Association When Did Slavery Really End in the North? — Civil Discourse When One of George Washington's Enslaved Workers Escaped to Freedom

Taxes and slavery are intertwined in ways most people can't imagine. Join Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square as they trace how taxing plantation owners on the enslaved people they held in bondage lead to economic shortcomings in the South that still resonate today. Want more? Go to https://www.podpage.com/why-are-they-so-angry/ for more unknown and untold history.  Citations  A permanent wound: How the slave tax warped Alabama finances  #BlackTaxpayersMatter: Anti-Racist Restructuring of US Tax Systems  Dorothy Brown: Tax Code Is 'Designed to Build White Wealth'  Property Taxes on Slaves | Encyclopedia.com  Opinion: America's tax system is rigged to protect the rich and powerful - CNN  “The Secret IRS Files: Trove of Never-Before-Seen Records Reveal How the Wealthiest Avoid Income Tax,” Jesse Eisinger, Jeff Ernsthausen and Paul Kiel, Pro Publica, June 8, 2021 https://www.propublica.org/article/the-secret-irs-files-trove-of-never-before-seen-records-reveal-how-the-wealthiest-avoid-income-tax?fbclid=IwAR2sisB2eQBU5Bf28-uaBG_6toFofV063r28CgreD5dKtz0JMv4LOt3jDws

After the Civil War, the Freedmen’s Bureau and its bank were established to help transition newly freed enslaved Blacks into citizenry. Unfortunately, the Bureau and its bank had a sordid, corrupt history that marked the beginning of a cultural legacy of mistrust by the Black community towards banking institutions and creation of the systemic wealth gap between Blacks and whites that continues to this day.  Join Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square as they trace the rise of one 19th Century Black owned bank, the empire it created, and the role of Black owned banks in America today. Want more? Go to https://www.podpage.com/why-are-they-so-angry/ for more unknown and untold history.  Citations "A Sense of Their Own Power": Black Virginians, 1619-1989 (Jul., 1989), The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography Vol. 97, No. 3,  pp. 375-398 After years of banks overcharging and undervaluing Black customers, 'banking Black' is gaining popularity as an effective way to fight systemic racism An analysis of financial institutions in Black-majority communities: Black borrowers and depositors face considerable challenges in accessing banking services Champion of the Black Community Is Given Her Rightful Due in Richmond | Smart News | Smithsonian Magazine Dr. Malika Mitchell-Stewart of Houston sues Chase Bank for denial of service while trying to deposit a check for $16,000 Ex-Inmates Struggle in a Banking System Not Made for Them - WSJ Follow the Money: How the Big Banks Fund Systemic Racism | Sierra Club Fossil Fuel Industry Pollutes Black & Brown Communities While Propping Up Racist Policing – Eyes on the Ties 'Racial bias runs deep' at America's largest banks, study says - CNN Second-Largest Black-owned Bank Receives $3M Deposit to Help Minority-owned Businesses The Legacy of Racism in the Banking Industry | NorthOne The Racialized Costs of Banking This Is What Racism Sounds Like in the Banking Industry - The New York Times The True Reformers Bank https://www.blackpast.org/?s=True+reformers  What's in Your Wallet? Racism, If You Have a Capital One Credit Card | by Louis L. Reed | Jan, 2022 | Medium

America had its own versions of the Berlin Wall, in fact there are twenty-six existing, demolished or planned segregation walls, fences, road barricades/closures, and buffer strips in Alabama, California, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, New York, Ohio, Tennessee, and Virginia built between white and Black/African American neighborhoods as late as the 1970’s. Known as segregation walls, these barricades were erected by cities, neighborhood developers, and the like with the express purpose of keeping Black/African Americans out of exclusively white home sites. Join Dr. Carol François and Kourtney Square, her niece, as they reprise a virtual driving tour of America’s segregation walls. Want more, take our course Systemic Racism: See it, Say it, Confront it at www.whyaretheysoangry.com and find us anywhere at www.podpage.com.whyaretheysoangry Citations A Nation of Walls — Design Trust for Public Space A Nation of Walls A storm destroyed part of the 'segregation wall' in Arlington, Virginia Atlanta's "Berlin Wall" Chicago's Wall: Race, Segregation and the Chicago Housing Authority Detroit segregation wall still stands, a stark reminder of racial divisions nbcnews.com Detroiturbex.com - The 8 Mile Wall Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism, Loewen, James,  Touchstone, 2006 Members Only: Gated Communities and Residential Segregation in the Metropolitan United States Perspective | Not far from the White House stands another wall, one that divided blacks from whites PEYTON, HARLAN AND WILLIS Proposed Community Stabilization Plan StoryMap illuminates impacts of Miami's historic racial segregation The Untold History of Liberty City's Segregation Walls Walls are the foundation of civilization. But do they work?