The ReasonRx Podcast

In this episode, Scott Harris joins us to discuss:-what philosophy is-why you need it-why students need it-why it should be taught-his background in all that-how he teaches it-his scope and sequence-what students get out of it-some of his teacing experiences-how philosophy has helped his students-and moreAbout Scott:Scott K. Harris (https://www.linkedin.com/in/scott-k-harris-b037966) has a Bachelor of Arts in History/Psychology from Texas State University and a Master’s in Education from Lamar University. He received the Mirabeau B. Lamar Award for Teaching Excellence, and was the first teacher in Texas to receive the Quality School Teacher Award.In his 29th year of teaching, Harris has taught U.S. History, World History, Psychology, A.P. Psychology, A.P. Macroeconomics, Philosophy, and International Baccalaureate’s capstone course Theory of Knowledge. He also coached swimming and water polo for 17 years. Harris has guest-lectured at Texas State in Philosophy, and at the University of Texas San Antonio’s graduate school in Education. For nearly two decades he was a member of the Mind Science Foundation and the National Association of Scholars. Harris piloted curriculum for what is now John Stossel-in-the-Classroom, serves as a consultant to Free- to-Choose Media, and is an associate producer for Izzit.org, all of which produce videos advocating liberty and economic education.Contact Scott: https://www.linkedin.com/in/scott-k-harris-b037966Contact Michael:1. reasonrxpodcast@aol.com2. https://www.goldams.com 3. https://www.facebook.com/EpistemeRx/4. https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/To support the show and help us grow our audience -- so we have more of an impact on education and the culture -- please help us with a donation:1. https://www.patreon.com/reasonrxpodcast 2. https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=SP6QPQKJU4XSS&source=url Also, please consider liking us on your podcast app, and leaving a rational review.And if you find an episode valuable, please share it with parents, teachers, school personnel, friends, and family. Help spread the word, help spread rational ideas for better livinng.Notes.1. "What is Philosophy?" (22 min 55 sec)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dXKHJLxM7lM2. "Certainty" (10 min 37 sec)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ph9ttUjI-y03. "What is Science?" (6 min 14 sec)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DBYArLiumEc4. "Logic: Basics of Induction vs Deduction" (10 min 2 sec)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DBYArLiumEc5. "Deep Thinking: Finding the Empirical and Causal in the Traditional" (27 min 23 sec)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zeBxMkfhSnc6. "Bruce Lee incorporated philosophical ideas into his martial arts fighting style, jeet kune do."Chinese martial arts styles are grounded in traditional philosophy, and Hong Kong martial arts superstar Bruce Lee worked hard to endow jeet kune do, a fighting style he created, with philosophical underpinnings."Lee owned a library of around 2,000 books on martial arts, and he would often refer to these for inspiration. While a student at the University of Washington in the United States, Lee studied two courses in philosophy – Introduction to Philosophy and Chinese Philosophy – and he applied what he had learned there to martial arts."Excerpt from "Bruce Lee as philosopher: 10 of the ideas animating his martial art style ‘jeet kune do’, such as letting nature take its course" ( South China Morning Post, 8 Dec 2019)See: https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/entertainment/article/3040994/bruce-lee-philosopher-10-ideas-actor-imbued-his-martial-art7. "He enrolled at Edison Technical School where he fulfilled the requirements for the equivalent of high school graduation and then enrolled at the University of Washington. At the university, Bruce majored in philosophy. His passion for gung fu inspired a desire to delve into the philosophical underpinnings and many of his written essays during those years would relate philosophical principles to certain martial arts techniques."Excerpt from "Long Bio"See: https://brucelee.com/bruce-lee8. "I fully agree with you about the significance and educational value of methodology as well as history and philosophy of science. So many people today — and even professional scientists — seem to me like someone who has seen thousands of trees but has never seen a forest. A knowledge of the historic and philosophical background gives that kind of independence from prejudices of his generation from which most scientists are suffering. This independence created by philosophical insight is — in my opinion — the mark of distinction between a mere artisan or specialist and a real seeker after truth." --Albert Einstein (Letter to Robert A. Thorton, Physics Professor at University of Puerto Rico (7 December 1944) [EA-674, Einstein Archive, Hebrew University, Jerusalem]. Thorton had written to Einstein on persuading colleagues of the importance of philosophy of science to scientists (empiricists) and science.See: https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Albert_Einstein)9. Monty Python sketch "Argument"i. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xpAvcGcEc0kii. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ohDB5gbtaEQ10. “Sir, you are drunk.”“And you, Bessie, are ugly. But I shall be sober in the morning, and you will still be ugly.”Rumored to have been said by Wiston Churchill. See: https://winstonchurchill.org/publications/churchill-bulletin/bulletin-031-jan-2011/drunk-and-ugly-the-rumor-mill/See also: https://quoteinvestigator.com/2011/08/17/sober-tomorrow/11. "Man's Search for Meaning" by Viktor E. Franklhttps://www.amazon.com/Mans-Search-Meaning-Viktor-Frankl/dp/0807014273/12. "Harrison Bergeron," aka "2081"i. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_GVHgpCnBmkii. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sU3myZ3H6u013. "Harrison Bergeron Full Movie - 1995 Starring Sean Astin, Christopher Plummer - Award Winning"i. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xxLhqVIhIWQii. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBcpuBRUdNs14. In "How to Argue With Kindness and Care: 4 Rules from Philosopher Daniel Dennett," they write:"The subject of sound rhetoric—with its subsets of ethical and emotional sensitivity—has been taken up by philosophers over hundreds of years, from medieval theologians to the staunchly atheist philosopher of consciousness Daniel Dennett. In his book Intuition Pumps and Other Tools for Thinking, Dennett summarizes the central rhetorical principle of charity, calling it 'Rapoport’s Rules' after an elaboration by social psychologist and game theorist Anatol Rapoport."Like their classical predecessors, these rules directly tie careful, generous listening to sound argumentation. We cannot say we have understood an argument unless we’ve actually heard its nuances, can summarize it for others, and can grant its merits and concede its strengths. Only then, writes Dennett, are we equipped to compose a ‘successful critical commentary’ of another’s position. Dennett outlines the process in four steps:1) Attempt to re-express your target's position so clearly, vividly and fairly that your target says: ‘Thanks, I wish I'd thought of putting it that way.’2) List any points of agreement (especially if they are not matters of general or widespread agreement).3) Mention anything you have learned from your target.4) Only then are you permitted to say so much as a word of rebuttal or criticism." They also write: "These are remedies for better social cohesion and less shouty polarization, for deploying 'the artillery of our righteousness from behind the comfortable shield of the keyboard,' as Maria Popova writes at Brain Pickings, 'which is really a menace of reacting rather than responding.'"Yelling, or typing, into the void, rather than engaging in substantive, respectful discussion is also a terrible waste of our time—a distraction from much worthier pursuits. We can and should, argues Dennett, Rapoport, and philosophers over the centuries, seek out positions we disagree with. In seeking out and trying to understand their best possible versions, we stand to gain new knowledge and widen our appreciation."Image and bio courtesy Scott Harris.

In this episode I read Dr. Michael Fowler's "Teaching Heat: the Rise and Fall of the Caloric Theory" and discuss its significance. It recommends teaching physics historically, which also helps students learn science, logic, and reasoning, which they need for using thought in the world and they need for adult life. Note: sorry for some of the reading in the episode. I was tired, so my contacts were blurry, so I could not read too well sometimes. I should have put my glasses on before I started!It's a great article with lots of lessons. How does science develop? Do scientists always accept truth and reject falsity?What does history say? Scientists are nothing more and nothing less than human — and what do humans do? How do groups, cliques, bullies, cults, etc., work? Galileo was put under house arrest and was harassed for his scientific views. Someone at his time, Bruno, was burned at the stake for saying the earth went around the sun. Ignaz Semmelweiss was ridiculed for advocating doctors wash their hands before surgery, even though he had inductive evidence and proof. James Joule was ridiculed for claiming that heat was a form of motion, because ‘all he had was hundredths of a degree to prove his point.’Scientists of his day were committed to the “caloric” theory of heat. They rejected the idea that heat was a form of motion. We see failures on the part of some "scientists" throughout human history: -rejecting Aristarchus, Copernicus, Kepler, Bruno, Galileo on heliocentrism-rejecting Kolreuter that bees pollinate plants-rejecting Berger that the EEG was a useful tool-rejecting Mayer on energy conservation-rejecting some scientists who discovered that Killer Whales live in pods-rejecting some scientists who discovered that Wolves are social pack animals, not "lone killers"-Etc. Ad Infinitum. And the social group of scientists sometimes have errant, unfounded beliefs. Jane Goodall was the one who went and actually studied Chimpanzees to find out about them, instead of merely assuming things about them. She discovered that Chimpanzees eat meat, and are not merely fruit-eaters — a discovery anyone could have made if they’d have had the independence of thought to go look. Thank goodness for Jane Goodall! This kind of thing happens some all through human history. It is with us today. Why? Humans are social animals. We are not committed only to truth, but also to the group. Of course, the group needs to be committed to reality, else it suffers, fails, and dies, to the extent it departs from truth. But we need some group commitment to survive and thrive.There is a difference between science (a method of thought), the products of science, and the scientific community. An important difference students should learn deeply. Contact Michael:1. Email: reasonrx@aol.com2. Gold Academy: https://www.goldams.com 3. Total Human Fitness: https://total-human-fitness.com4. Cypress Creek Ecological Restoration Project: https://ccerp.org5. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/ 6. Twitter/Instagram: EpistemeRxNotes.1. "Teaching Heat: the Rise and Fall of the Caloric Theory" by Michael Fowler, University of Virginiahttp://galileoandeinstein.physics.virginia.edu/more_stuff/TeachingHeat.htm2. More good lecture, courses, and articles by Dr. Fowler: https://galileo.phys.virginia.edu/~mf1i/home.html3. In "Scurvy: An Example of Science vs. the Scientific Community" I give an example of a failure of the scientific community to get things right.https://goldams.com/scurvy-and-science-vs-the-scientific-community/4. Introductory physics; an historical approach by Herbert Priestleyhttps://archive.org/details/introductoryphys0000prie5. Physics For The Inquiring Mind by Eric Rogershttps://archive.org/details/PhysicsForTheInquiringMind-Rogers/mode/2upImage from: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Joule%27s_Apparatus_(Harper%27s_Scan).png

In this episode I discuss the great, classic article "The Median Isn't the Message" by Stephen Jay Gould. We delve into the article, its meaning, and lots of the depth and breadth we can get out of it. It should be read and studied by every statistics teacher and statistics student -- and everyone else, it is so full of lessons.Contact Michael:1. Email: reasonrx@aol.com2. Gold Academy: https://www.goldams.com 3. Total Human Fitness: https://total-human-fitness.com4. Cypress Creek Ecological Restoration Project: https://ccerp.org5. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/ 6. Twitter/Instagram: EpistemeRxNotes.1. "The Median Isn't the Message" by Stephen Jay Gouldhttps://www.edwardtufte.com/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=0003ms2. Left skewed vs. right skewedi. https://www.statology.org/left-skewed-vs-right-skewed/ii. https://www.cuemath.com/data/right-skewed-histogram/3. An article on Aristotle and science (high school- or college-level reading): https://galileoandeinstein.phys.virginia.edu/lectures/aristot2.html“To summarize: Aristotle’s philosophy laid out an approach to the investigation of all natural phenomena, to determine form by detailed, systematic work, and thus arrive at final causes. His logical method of argument gave a framework for putting knowledge together, and deducing new results. He created what amounted to a fully-fledged professional scientific enterprise, on a scale comparable to a modern university science department. It must be admitted that some of his work - unfortunately, some of the physics - was not up to his usual high standards. He evidently found falling stones a lot less interesting than living creatures. Yet the sheer scale of his enterprise, unmatched in antiquity and for centuries to come, gave an authority to all his writings.“It is perhaps worth reiterating the difference between Plato and Aristotle, who agreed with each other that the world is the product of rational design, that the philosopher investigates the form and the universal, and that the only true knowledge is that which is irrefutable. The essential difference between them was that Plato felt mathematical reasoning could arrive at the truth with little outside help, but Aristotle believed detailed empirical investigations of nature were essential if progress was to be made in understanding the natural world.”4. The BBC provides a great, honest tribute to Aristotle for his work in science and biology: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JN8ortM4M3oThe BBC program is also here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e12pbSHrzAs&list=PL2VcIjTwDHoLScpo2c26t-x3EdTP6WepL&index=15. From: https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/oct/02/the-lagoon-armand-marie-leroi-aristotle-reviewExcerpt 1. "The Greeks are famous, perhaps notorious, for casting their science whole, from first principles, without troubling to examine the natural world it sought to explain. But Aristotle changed everything, providing lengthy accounts of fish and fowl, their lives, courtships, kinds, anatomies, functions, distribution and habits. They were often erroneous, but what sets Aristotle apart is his workmanlike attitude. One gets the impression of a practical man, given to neither the remote and crystalline idealism of his predecessors, nor the flights of fancy of later natural historians such as Pliny the Elder."Excerpt 2. "Darwin knew almost nothing of Aristotle until 1882, when William Ogle, physician and classicist, sent him a copy of The Parts of Animals he'd just translated. In his note of thanks, Darwin wrote: 'From quotations which I had seen I had a high notion of Aristotle's merits, but I had not the most remote notion of what a wonderful man he was. Linnaeus and Cuvier have been my two gods, though in very different ways, but they were mere schoolboys to old Aristotle.' “6. See also this article by Dr. James Lennox: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/aristotle-biology/7. A quote about Galileo that discusses the importance of Aristotle, reasoning, and a correct view of logic.In the book Galileo Galilei – When the World Stood Still, Atle Naess wrote:“Galileo’s radical renewal sprang, nevertheless, from the Aristotelian mind set, as it was taught at the Jesuits’ Collegio Romano: human reason has a basic ability to recognize and understand the objects registered by the senses. The objects are real. They have properties that can be perceived, and then ‘further processed’ according to logical rules. These logical concepts are also real (if not in exactly the same way as the physical objects).”8. A quote of Galileo himself that shows the importance of Aristotle to science and all human reasoning, and that identifies a basic principle of reason and logic: they are based on the evidence of the senses. "I should even think that in making the celestial material alterable, I contradict the doctrine of Aristotle much less than do those people who still want to keep the sky inalterable; for I am sure that he never took its inalterability to be as certain as the fact that all human reasoning must be placed second to direct experience."From the Second Letter of Galileo Galilei to Mark Welser on Sunspots, p. 118 of Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo, translated by Stillman Drake, (c) 1957 by Stillman Drake, published by Doubleday Anchor Books, Doubleday & Co., Garden City, New York.9. Newton's Four Rules of Reasoning (showing he was Aristotelian, not Platonic, and showing you some fundamentals of how to reason and do science): http://apex.ua.edu/uploads/2/8/7/3/28731065/four_rules_of_reasoning_apex_website.pdfNewton explicitly rejects Platonic thinking and the practice of some at the time of making stuff up in their heads when he says, in Rule 4, “not withstanding any contrary hypothesis that may be imagined.” So he is with Galileo in method and philosophy of science. He says himself that we stick to facts, we find causes, and that we use induction: “Rule 1 We are to admit no more causes of natural things than such as are both true and sufficient to explain their appearances.“Rule 2 Therefore to the same natural effects we must, as far as possible, assign the same causes.“Rule 3. The qualities of bodies, which admit neither intensification nor remission of degrees, and which are found to belong to all bodies within the reach of our experiments, are to be esteemed the universal qualities of all bodies whatsoever.“Rule 4. In experimental philosophy we are to look upon propositions inferred by general induction from phenomena as accurately or very nearly true, not withstanding any contrary hypothesis that may be imagined, till such time as other phenomena occur, by which they may either be made more accurate, or liable to exceptions.”10. In "Plato And Saving The Appearances," The Bedford Astronomy Club writes:"Plato lays down the principle that the heavenly bodies' motion is circular, uniform, and constantly regular. Thereupon he sets the mathematicians the following problem: what circular motions, uniform and perfectly regular, are to be admitted as hypotheses so that it might be possible to save the appearances presented by the planets? (Duhem, To Save the Phenomena, 5)"Continuing, Simplicius explained:"The curious problem of astronomers is the following: First, they provide themselves with certain hypotheses: . . . Starting from such hypotheses, astronomers then try to show that all the heavenly bodies have a circular and uniform motion, that the irregularities which become manifest when we observe these bodies—their now faster, now slower motion; their moving now forward, now backward; their latitude now southern, now northern; their various stops in one region of the sky; their at one time seemingly greater, and at another time seemingly smaller diameter—that all these things and all things analogous are but appearances and not realities. (Duhem, To Save the Phenomena, 23)"See: https://www.astronomyclub.xyz/uniform-circular/plato-and-saving-the-appearances.html11. The "Saving the appearances" quote I mentioned.https://goldams.com/galileo-rejecting-plato/12. Here is a good example of the failure of Platonic and “lost in math” “science.”Excerpt: ”Galileo claimed to have seen moons around the planet Jupiter. Another scholar, Francesco Sizi, attempted to refute Galileo, not with observations, but with the following argument:“ 'There are seven windows in the head, two nostrils, two ears, two eyes and a mouth; so in the heavens there are two favorable stars, two unpropitious, two luminaries, and Mercury alone undecided and indifferent. From which and many other similar phenomena of nature such as the seven metals, etc., which it were tedious to enumerate, we gather that the number of planets is necessarily seven...ancient nations, as well as modern Europeans, have adopted the division of the week into seven days, and have named them from the seven planets; now if we increase the number of planets, this whole system falls to the ground...moreover, the satellites are invisible to the naked eye and therefore can have no influence on the earth and therefore would be useless and therefore do not exist.' (Holton & Roller, 1958, p. 160)"From: https://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubs/using_research_stanovich

In this episode I discuss what grammar is and why we need it. It ain't about blindly following rules or being rude to each other. Rather, grammar is how we put thoughts together so we can think better, so we can be better understood, so we can better understand others, so we can write and speak better at work, so we can teach and learn better, etc.Contact Michael:1. Email: reasonrx@aol.com2. Gold Academy: https://www.goldams.com 3. Total Human Fitness: https://total-human-fitness.com4. Cypress Creek Ecological Restoration Project: https://ccerp.org5. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/ 6. Twitter/Instagram: EpistemeRxNotes.I. A definition of grammar: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/grammarII. Haptic: https://www.etymonline.com/word/haptic?ref=etymonline_crossreference" 'pertaining to the sense of touch,' 1890 from Greek haptikos 'able to come into contact with,' from haptein 'to fasten' (see apse)."III. Readings from Writing and thinking. A Handbook of Composition and Revision by Norman Foerster and J.M. Steadman. 1. Thought and Expression: https://archive.org/details/writingthinkingh0000norm/page/2/mode/2up2. Grammar: https://archive.org/details/writingthinkingh0000norm/page/126/mode/2up3. Economy: https://archive.org/details/writingthinkingh0000norm/page/48/mode/2up4. Parallelism: https://archive.org/details/writingthinkingh0000norm/page/22/mode/2up5. General Obscurity — Loose Thinking: https://archive.org/details/writingthinkingh0000norm/page/414/mode/2upIV. Ayn Rand on grammar and logic: https://goldams.com/the-importance-of-grammar/V. Walden drafts1. The Walden Woods Projecthttps://www.walden.org/what-we-do/library/thoreau/the-writings-of-henry-david-thoreau-the-digital-collection/2. The Walden Manuscript Projecthttps://digitalthoreau.org/the-walden-manuscript-project/VI. Parallelism i. What parallelism is and some examples in literature: https://literarydevices.net/parallelism/ii. Some benefits of parallelism and more examples: http://sixminutes.dlugan.com/parallelism/VII. Sentence Diagramming To learn grammar, you can study sentence diagramming. I recommend it. Good stuff. Here are some resources.1. Free online sentence diagramming books.i. GLENCOE LANGUAGE ARTS, Sentence Diagramming (answers at end)https://d3jc3ahdjad7x7.cloudfront.net/Uw3BMx78pj032cWUNrOWrznKoOtEzR2iCVP5krMeqziiIxpi.pdfii. Basics First Sentence Diagramming (answers at end):http://jwoodsdistrict205.yolasite.com/resources/BASICS%20FIRST%20DIAGRAMING%20SENTENCES%20A.pdf2. Sentence diagramming books you could purchase.i. Rex Barks: Diagramming Sentences Made Easy by Phyllis Davenport: https://www.amazon.com/Phyllis-Davenport/dp/1889439355/ii. Diagramming Step by Step: One Hundred and Fifty-Five Steps to Excellence in Sentence Diagramming by Eugene Moutoux: https://www.amazon.com/Diagramming-Step-Fifty-Five-Excellence-Sentence/dp/1935497650/3. Courses I teach.A. Can be done on a variety of media or in personi. https://goldams.com/services/language-and-literature/sentence-diagramming-grammar-course-session-1/ii. https://goldams.com/services/language-and-literature/sentence-diagramming-grammar-course-session-2/B. On Outschool.i. https://outschool.com/classes/sentence-diagramming-grammar-class-session-1-AbFeysbi#abl8xusnkvii. https://outschool.com/classes/sentence-diagramming-grammar-class-session-2-VHt7Knntiii. https://outschool.com/classes/sentence-diagramming-grammar-camp-session-1-4Rk6AvMWiv. https://outschool.com/classes/sentence-diagramming-grammar-camp-session-2-uG9DZ7hA

Nick Burroughs (PT, MSPT) and Dr. Phil Lombardo (PT, DPT, SCS), each a Physical Therapist and a MovNat Certified Fitness Trainer, join us to discuss-fitness-physical therapy-successes they have had working with physical therapy clients-ideas and techniques for working with physical therapy clients-theory and practice of physical therapy (and fitness)-philosophy of physical therapy (and fitness)-MovNat-MovNat MedicalUpcoming events!1. MovNat Medical: Clinical Applications of Natural Movement – Albuquerque, NM,17-18 September 2022Sign up here: https://www.movnat.com/event/movnat-medical-clinical-applications-of-natural-movement-albuquerque-nm/2. MovNat Medical: Clinical Applications of Natural Movement – Richmond, VA10-11 December 2022Sign up here: https://www.movnat.com/event/movnat-medical-clinical-applications-of-natural-movement-richmond-va/About Nick Burroughs, PT, MSPT, MCT: "Nick received his Bachelor of Science degree in Biology from James Madison University in 1998 and then his Master of Science in Physical Therapy from Virginia Commonwealth University in 2001. After graduation, Nick served as a Peace Corps Volunteer in Madagascar in the Public Health Sector from 2001-2002. Nick has accumulated vast experience in physical therapy, working with a plethora of medical conditions in multiple settings over his 20 year career. His speciality within physical therapy is in the area of functional movement and is certified with Functional Movement Systems, both in Level I and II. He also holds a Level II MovNat Certification in Natural Movement and is very passionate about restoring movement can bring about healing, restore function and mobility, and decrease pain."Follow him on Instagram at @ironspinemovment. About Dr. Phil Lombardo, PT, DPT, SCS, CSCS, PES, CES, NFHS, USATF, MCT, EMRT:"Dr. Phil Lombardo, a superior physical therapist, has extensive experience in the care of both sports injuries and general musculoskeletal injuries for patients of all ages. In 2007, Phil joined the top one percent of the Doctor of Physical Therapy in the country by becoming an APTA Board Certified Specialist in Sports (SCS). Dr. Lombardo has distinguished himself as a provider of choice in Sports Medicine and is recognized by the National Federation of State High School Association as a Certified Coach specializing in Track and Field (NFHS). His expert knowledge as a Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialist (CSCS), a Sports Performance Enhancement Specialist (PES), and a Certified Corrective Exercise Specialist (CES) guarantee his patients the highest quality of care. Phil earned both his undergraduate degree and Doctoral degree in Physical Therapy from New York University. It was also there that he received the department’s Service Award for Excellence in giving to others. "It brings Phil great joy as he shares MovNat, a physical education system for developing real-world capability through natural movement with his patients and now to the public. His journey led him to becoming a MovNat certified instructor, hosting the first-ever MovNat Elements Workshop in NJ and then becoming the first-ever licensed MovNat facility in NJ. "As a devoted fitness enthusiast, Phil loves to constantly learn about and train in all areas, including strength training, running, hiking, and kayaking. He grew up in Leonia and now resides in Butler with his wife and sons. Around the clinic, in addition to his passion for physical therapy, Phil is also known for his love of and expertise in chocolate, especially dark — 86% cacao, to be precise!"Contact Phil at phil@movnat.com or www.paramuspt.comContact Michael:1. Email: reasonrx@aol.com2. Gold Academy: https://www.goldams.com 3. Total Human Fitness: https://total-human-fitness.com4. Cypress Creek Ecological Restoration Project: https://ccerp.org5. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/ 6. Twitter/Instagram: EpistemeRxTo support the show and help us grow our audience -- so we have more of an impact on education and the culture -- please help us with a donation:1. https://www.patreon.com/reasonrxpodcast 2. https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=SP6QPQKJU4XSS&source=url Also, please consider liking us on your podcast app, and leaving a rational review.And if you find an episode valuable, please share it with parents, teachers, school personnel, friends, and family. Help spread the word, help spread rational ideas for better living. Show notes:1. Spark: The Revolutionary New Science of Exercise and the Brain by John Ratey, M.D.https://www.amazon.com/Spark-Revolutionary-Science-Exercise-Brain/dp/0316113514/2. Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World by David Epsteinhttps://www.amazon.com/Range-Generalists-Triumph-Specialized-World/dp/0735214506/3. The Learning Scientists Podcasthttps://www.learningscientists.org/podcast-episodes4. MovNati. Website: https://www.movnat.comii. YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/user/MovNat5. MovNat Medicali. https://www.movnat.com/movnat-for-medical-professionals/ii. https://www.movnat.com/event/movnat-medical-1/6. MovNat Certificationsi. Level 1: https://www.movnat.com/certification-guide/level-one-certification/ii. Level 2: https://www.movnat.com/certification-guide/level-two-certification/iii. Level 3: https://www.movnat.com/certification-guide/level-three-certification/7. Adriaan Louwi. https://evidenceinmotion.com/people/adriaan-louw/ii. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Adriaan-Louw-2iii. https://www.amazon.com.au/s?i=digital-text&rh=p_27%3AAdriaan+Louw&s=relevancerank&text=Adriaan+Louw&ref=dp_byline_sr_ebooks_28. Training: Drago vs. Rocky in the movie "Rocky IV"i. A 3 min 6 sec video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wVP1wO_E4ykii. A 7 min 41 sec video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B_9FyTiq3SA9. Root Cause Analysisi. "Five whys"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_whysii. "5 Whys: Getting to the Root of a Problem Quickly"https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMC_5W.htmiii. "5 Whys: The Ultimate Root Cause Analysis Tool"https://kanbanize.com/lean-management/improvement/5-whys-analysis-tooliv. "The 5 Whys Process We Use to Understand the Root of Any Problem"https://buffer.com/resources/5-whys-process/v. "Understanding the Five Whys"https://www.creativesafetysupply.com/articles/understanding-the-five-whys/10. Philosophy and logic/epistemology matter. Deeply. Get them right, and we'll do well, get them wrong, and we'll be unsuccessful. i. "I fully agree with you about the significance and educational value of methodology as well as history and philosophy of science. So many people today — and even professional scientists — seem to me like someone who has seen thousands of trees but has never seen a forest. A knowledge of the historic and philosophical background gives that kind of independence from prejudices of his generation from which most scientists are suffering. This independence created by philosophical insight is — in my opinion — the mark of distinction between a mere artisan or specialist and a real seeker after truth." --Albert Einstein (Letter to Robert A. Thorton, Physics Professor at University of Puerto Rico (7 December 1944) [EA-674, Einstein Archive, Hebrew University, Jerusalem]. Thorton had written to Einstein on persuading colleagues of the importance of philosophy of science to scientists (empiricists) and science.https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Albert_Einstein)ii. “Practical scientists who rashly allow themselves to listen to philosophers are likely to go away in a discouraged frame of mind, convinced that there is no logical foundation for the things they do, that all their alleged scientific laws are without justification, and that they are living in a world of naïve illusion. Of course, once they get out into the sunlight again, they know that this is not so, that scientific principles do work, bridges stay up, eclipses occur on schedule, and atomic bombs go off.“Nevertheless, it is very unsatisfactory that no generally acceptable theory of scientific inference has yet been put forward. … Mistakes are often made which would presumably not have been made if a consistent and satisfactory basic philosophy had been followed.” — An Introduction to Scientific Research by E. Bright Wilson, Professor Chemistry at Harvard. (About Edgar Bright Wilson: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Bright_Wilson)iii. “Few [scientists] are philosophers. Most are intellectual journeyman, exploring locally, hoping for a strike, living for the present." --E.O. Wilson, Consilience: The Unity of KnowledgePictures and bios courtesy Nick and Phil.

Dr. Jon Morey is back to talk about modern physical education, its pros and cons, and what we can do to do it better.Jon's bio and info in a previous episode: https://www.spreaker.com/user/11043023/59-dr-jon-morey-on-fitness-thriving-and-Contact Jon:1. Uncivilized Vitality: https://greatlakesmovement.com/uncivilized-vitality/2. Great Lakes Chiropractic & Movement Center: https://greatlakesmovement.comContact Michael:1. Email: reasonrx@aol.com2. Gold Academy: https://www.goldams.com 3. Total Human Fitness: https://total-human-fitness.com4. Cypress Creek Ecological Restoration Project: https://ccerp.org5. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/ 6. Twitter/Instagram: EpistemeRxTo support the show and help us grow our audience -- so we have more of an impact on education and the culture -- please help us with a donation:1. https://www.patreon.com/reasonrxpodcast 2. https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=SP6QPQKJU4XSS&source=url Also, please consider liking us on your podcast app, and leaving a rational review.And if you find an episode valuable, please share it with parents, teachers, school personnel, friends, and family. Help spread the word, help spread rational ideas for better living. Show notes.1. Spark: The Revolutionary New Science of Exercise and the Brain by John J. Ratey MDhttps://www.amazon.com/Spark-Revolutionary-Science-Exercise-Brain/dp/B08RZD6D4Z/Book description: "A groundbreaking and fascinating investigation into the transformative effects of exercise on the brain, from the best-selling author and renowned psychiatrist John J. Ratey, MD...."In Spark, John J. Ratey, MD, embarks upon a fascinating and entertaining journey through the mind-body connection, presenting startling research to prove that exercise is truly our best defense against everything from depression to ADD to addiction to aggression to menopause to Alzheimer's. "Filled with amazing case studies (such as the revolutionary fitness program in Naperville, Illinois, which has put this school district of 19,000 kids first in the world of science test scores), Spark is the first book to explore comprehensively the connection between exercise and the brain. It will change forever the way you think about your morning run - or, for that matter, simply the way you think."2. "MovNat in Schools: Educator Certification"Albuquerque, New Mexico, 13-14 Aug 2022Learn more: https://www.movnat.com/event/2022-educator-certification-usa/They say: "This course is best suited for educators across subject areas and disciplines who work with children in preK – 12th grade. This includes physical education, classroom education, special education, homeschool education, after school programs, summer camps, and anyone else who works with children for fitness, educational, or physical education purposes."Our Educator Certification Program is an innovative and fundamental movement certification for those who work with children in school-based settings."We offer a one day certification for all educators (MCE) and a more in-depth, two-day certification for physical educators (MCE-PE). Educators who take the one day certification will walk away with the knowledge and skills to strategically use essential natural movements to help students do their best learning, including self-regulation and community-building strategies, in any classroom setting."Along with learning the fundamentals in Day 1, Physical Educators will extend their knowledge on Day 2 by learning more movement skills as well as techniques for structuring and implementing natural movements into their physical education classes so that all students can better learn how to move their physical bodies and achieve health and empowerment."Learn more: https://www.movnat.com/event/2022-educator-certification-usa/3. MovNat in Schools Case Study: Chinook Trail Middle School with Audra Holckhttps://www.movnat.com/movnat-in-schools-chinook-case-study/Excerpts: i. "Audra Holck, a physical education teacher at Chinook Trail Middle School in Colorado Springs, Colorado, has a unique approach to her physical education classes: she only teaches MovNat. As a level 2 MovNat Certified Trainer, she draws upon her certification experience to design and implement her own MovNat program for 6th-8th grade students. And her students absolutely love it!"ii. "Audra’s application of MovNat is just one way to bring MovNat into a physical education class. There are many different ways to structure and implement Natural Movement in a school-based setting that also compliments pre-existing programs or curriculum. Audra suggests starting small, such as incorporating breathing and ground movement into the beginning of class or creating a 2-3 week mini unit. There are also cost-effective ways to build Natural Movement obstacles (think a 2×4 for balancing, a pull-up bar in the door frame, or rocks/logs for lifting) to create new movement opportunities for your students."4. "MovNat at Chinook Trail Middle School – Case Study" (3 min 24 sec)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KjDYQuwZT5Y&t=157s5. The LaSierra Programi. Fitness standards from LaSierra High School Physical Education Department’s 1966 Concept Philosophy handbook: https://goldams.com/fitness-standards/ii. "The Motivation Factor - Physical Education in schools in 1960's" (5 min)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fISgKl8dB3Miii. " 'The School Where Fitness Counts' (LaSierra High PE)"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gmNLwMJNak0iv. '"LaSierra High PE Demonstrations' (B-ROLL, Reel #3, Color, No Sound)" (25 min 14 sec)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yk88M_Q76hs6. The Classical Tradition and Some History of Physical Educationi. "Physical Fitness (1936)" (1 min 13 sec)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cOsMiLxQHuAii. "Boys' P.T. Aka Children Of South Africa (1944)" (1 min 49 sec)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ug0iMg04VNYiii. "Physical Training Battalion Boys In Action (1945)" (1 min 58 sec)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nkrwlM3wlGEiv. "Men Of Tomorrow! (1938)" (1 min 34 sec)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=65rww9nZtEA7. "DECLINING RATES OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE UNITED STATES: What Are the Contributors?" by Ross C. Brownson, Tegan K. Boehmer, and Douglas A. Lukehttps://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.26.021304.144437From the abstract: "This review describes current patterns and long-term trends (up to 50 years when possible) related to (a) physical activity, (b) employment and occupation, (c) travel behavior, (d) land use, and (e) related behaviors (e.g., television watching). On the basis of available data, the following trends were observed according to type of physical activity: relatively stable or slightly increasing levels of leisure-time physical activity, declining work-related activity, declining transportation activity, declining activity in the home, and increasing sedentary activity. These result in an overall trend of declining total physical activity. Large differences were noted in the rates of walking for transportation across metropolitan statistical areas. A strong linear increase existed in vehicle miles traveled per person over the past half century, coupled with a strong and consistent trend toward Americans living in suburbs. ..."8. Speaking of "modern" training vs optimal training fit for a human, enjoy this video of Rocky doing things right! "Rocky IV Training Montage | 720p HD" (7 min 41 sec)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B_9FyTiq3SA9. Root Cause Analysisi. "Five whys"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_whysii. "5 Whys: Getting to the Root of a Problem Quickly"https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMC_5W.htmiii. "5 Whys: The Ultimate Root Cause Analysis Tool"https://kanbanize.com/lean-management/improvement/5-whys-analysis-tooliv. "The 5 Whys Process We Use to Understand the Root of Any Problem"https://buffer.com/resources/5-whys-process/v. "Understanding the Five Whys"https://www.creativesafetysupply.com/articles/understanding-the-five-whys/10. Hierarchy of Knowledge and Skills"Knowledge, therefore, has a hierarchical structure. 'Hierarchy,' in general, as the Oxford English Dictionary reports, means 'a body of persons or things ranked in grades orders, or classes, one above another.' A hierarchy of knowledge means a body of concepts and conclusions ranked in order of logical dependence, one upon another, according to each item's distance from the base of the structure. The base is the perceptual data with which cognition begins."The concept of 'hierarchy' in this sense is epistemological, not metaphysical. In reality, facts are simultaneous. The facts discovered by Einstein, for instance, do not come into existence later than the facts discovered by Newton; the facts themselves exist eternally. But an order of logical dependence among them exists from man's perspective, because man cannot come to know all facts with the same directness." --Dr. Leonard Peikoff, OPAR11. Context of Knowledge" 'Context' means 'the sum of cognitive elements conditioning an item of knowledge.' This sum is what enables us to reach the new conclusion, to prove it, to interpret it, to apply it."Picture and bio courtesty Jon Morey.

Dr. Jon Morey joins us to discuss-being outdoors and making the most of it-benefits of nature-his background and fitness journey-physical therapy-our fitness culture-MovNat-and moreDr. Morey's bio: "Doctor Jon Morey’s career in the health sciences began in January 1988 when he stepped into the Korean Hapkido Academy. Hapkido, he quickly discovered, differed from most other martial arts, emphasizing the practice of joint locking and throws in addition to the more common milieu of kicks and punches."Dr. Morey became fascinated with Human Anatomy and the vulnerabilities of the body for self-defense, earning a 5th degree black belt in the process; but he wanted to understand more about how this information could be used in the promotion of health as well. This desire led Dr. Morey back to school where he graduated from the National University of Health Sciences with degrees in Chiropractic Medicine and Human Physiology. Doctor Morey also holds a B.A. in Anthropology and a B.S. in Human Biology both from the University of Michigan."After becoming a licensed and practicing Chiropractic Physician, Dr. Morey has continued his quest for improved patient health. One of the innovations he has incorporated into his clinic is MovNat®. Dr. Morey is a Movnat Master Trainer."MovNat®, is a physical education and fitness system based on the full range of natural human movements that prepare one to meet the contextual demands of daily life. MovNat® is a holistic system that embraces all age groups and physical abilities with instruction in all three Human Movement Domains; Locomotives, Manipulatives, and Combatives."Dr. Morey lives in Flushing, Michigan, with his wife Kerry Ann, and their four sons. He considers his marriage and his boys his most amazing accomplishments in a life filled with achievement. He currently practices Chiropractic medicine and teaches MovNat® at his clinic located in Flint, Michigan."In addition, he also teaches Human Anatomy and biology classes at a major Michigan University, a local Hospital and several local high schools. In his spare time, he explores the woods in Michigan ‘s north country teaching his Uncivilized Vitality™, program of Health & Happiness Optimization, developed in large part through Dr. Morey’s experiences with his Asperger’s experiences in Nature and his study of Anthropology."Uncivilized Vitality: https://greatlakesmovement.com/uncivilized-vitality/Great Lakes Chiropractic & Movement Center: https://greatlakesmovement.comContact Michael:1. Email: reasonrx@aol.com2. Gold Academy: https://www.goldams.com 3. Total Human Fitness: https://total-human-fitness.com4. Cypress Creek Ecological Restoration Project: https://ccerp.org5. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/ 6. Twitter/Instagram: EpistemeRxTo support the show and help us grow our audience -- so we have more of an impact on education and the culture -- please help us with a donation:1. https://www.patreon.com/reasonrxpodcast 2. https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=SP6QPQKJU4XSS&source=url Also, please consider liking us on your podcast app, and leaving a rational review.And if you find an episode valuable, please share it with parents, teachers, school personnel, friends, and family. Help spread the word, help spread rational ideas for better living. Show notes, mentioned and relevant.1. The Shrike is So Metalhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kE6y-v7m-JY2. Katy Bowmanhttps://www.nutritiousmovement.com/3. Katy Bowman and eye exercises, a starter for youi. https://www.nutritiousmovement.com/the-eyes-have-it/ii. https://www.nutritiousmovement.com/podcast-transcript-ep-45-natural-movement-and-eyes/4. FMS: Gray Cook, Lee Burton, et. al. i. https://www.functionalmovement.com/ii. https://www.youtube.com/c/FMStv5. Diseases of Civilization, a starter for you.i. "Diseases of Civilization - Cancer, Diabetes, Obesity and Acne - the Implication of Milk, IGF-1 and mTORC1" by Victor Gabriel Clatici, Cristiana Voicu, Catalina Voaides, Anca Roseanu, Madalina Icriverzi, Stefana Jurcoanehttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30774725/ii. "The Western diet and lifestyle and diseases of civilization" by Pedro Carrera-Bastos, Maelan Fontes-Villalba, James H O’Keefe, Staffan Lindeberg, and Loren Cordain3https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228866917_The_Western_diet_and_lifestyle_and_diseases_of_civilizationiii. "Lifestyle Diseases"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifestyle_diseaseiv. "Diseases of civilization, today and tomorrow" by W. Kuryłowicz & J. Kopczyński https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF009334916. Katy Bowman: Diseases of Captivityhttps://www.nutritiousmovement.com/diseases-of-captivity/7. "If I am not for myself, who will be for me? And being only for myself, what am I? And if not now, when?" --Hillel the Elderi. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hillel_the_Elderii. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Hillel_the_Elder8. Man’s Search For Meaning by Victor FranklFrom the description on Amazon: "Viktor Frankl’s riveting account of his time in the Nazi concentration camps, and his insightful exploration of the human will to find meaning in spite of the worst adversity, has offered solace and guidance to generations of readers since it was first published in 1946. At the heart of Frankl’s theory of logotherapy (from the Greek word for “meaning”) is a conviction that the primary human drive is not pleasure, as Freud maintained, but rather the discovery and pursuit of what the individual finds meaningful."https://www.amazon.com/Mans-Search-Meaning-Viktor-Frankl/dp/0807014273/9. Deep Survival: Who Lives, Who Dies, and Why by Laurence GonzalezFrom the description on Amazon: "Laurence Gonzales’s bestselling Deep Survival has helped save lives from the deepest wildernesses, just as it has improved readers’ everyday lives. Its mix of adventure narrative, survival science, and practical advice has inspired everyone from business leaders to military officers, educators, and psychiatric professionals on how to take control of stress, learn to assess risk, and make better decisions under pressure."https://www.amazon.com/Deep-Survival-Who-Lives-Dies/dp/0393353710/10. The Autism Revolution: Whole-Body Strategies for Making Life All It Can Be by Dr. Martha Herbert and Karen Weintraub"After years of treating patients and analyzing scientific data, Harvard Medical School researcher and clinician Dr. Martha Herbert offers a revolutionary new view of autism and a transformative strategy for dealing with it. Autism, she concludes, is not a hardwired impairment programmed into a child’s genes and destined to remain fixed forever. Instead, it is the result of a cascade of events, many seemingly minor." (That is epigenetic factors are relevant.)https://www.amazon.com/Autism-Revolution-Whole-Body-Strategies-Making/dp/0345527208/11. "The Workout the World Forgot"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SKGF-ErsJiI12. The Squat Get-upi. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wTQM0eSJ658ii. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=19r88Qven_o13. "The History of Physical Fitness" by Erwan LeCorrehttps://www.movnat.com/history-of-fitness/14. MovNati. Website: https://www.movnat.comii. YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/user/MovNat15. The Practice of Natural Movement: Reclaim Power, Health, and Freedom by Erwan Le Correhttps://www.amazon.com/Practice-Natural-Movement-Reclaim-Freedom/dp/162860283X/16. "5 Ways Fitness Programs Are Evolving (And How To Stay Ahead Of The Curve)"https://www.movnat.com/5-ways-fitness-is-evolving/17. Articles about how MovNat helps physical therapists and their clientshttps://www.movnat.com/?s=physical+therapist18. Kelly Starrett, Gray Cook of FMS, Lee Burton of FMS, Katy Bowman, Pavel Tsatsouline and others all know the MovNat people, and they all work together to help each other, to learn, to grow, to improve, and to help our world at large.i. Kelly Starrett was a guest on the FMS Podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/free-to-be-pain-free/id1516334100?i=1000535507272ii. Lee and Gray have talked about MovNat in a number of episodes of their FMS Podcast.iii. Gray Cook and Erwan LeCorre (Erwan founded MovNat) did a course together: https://sensecourse.com/product/gray-cook-erwan-le-corre-exploring-functional-movement/. iv. Danny Clark of MovNat and Katy Bowman have also done a course together: https://brainlearns.com/courses/katy-bowman-danny-clark-natural-movement-fundamentals-2/v. Katy Bowman was a guest on the FMS Podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/permission-to-move-your-dna/id1516334100?i=1000539982355vi. Pavel Tsatsouline’s Strong First works with MovNat’s Vic Verdier: https://strongfirst.skilltrain.com/Pages/Public/Bio?enc=uWNrw6mT5HxmWnfway69dQ%3d%3dvii. Brett Jones, with StrongFirst, was a guest on the FMS Podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/unlocking-more-strength/id1516334100?i=1000541466127Picture and bio courtesy Jon Morey.

Nick Burroughs (PT, MSPT) and Dr. Phil Lombardo (PT, DPT, SCS), each a MovNat Level 2 Certified Fitness Trainer, join us to discuss-our fitness culture, its pros and cons-principles of good training-how to avoid overspecializing (i.e., setting oneself up for injury)-how to be strong and functional, and not to strengthen dysfunction-the importance of balance and control to strength and power-MovNat and how it's helped them and their clients-the depth and breadth of MovNat compared to other fitness systemsUpcoming event! 12-13 March 2022.MovNat Medical: Clinical Applications of Natural Movement (Riverdale, NJ), 12-13 March 2022Sign up here: https://www.movnat.com/event/movnat-medical-1/About Nick Burroughs, PT, MSPT, MCT: "Nick received his Bachelor of Science degree in Biology from James Madison University in 1998 and then his Master of Science in Physical Therapy from Virginia Commonwealth University in 2001. After graduation, Nick served as a Peace Corps Volunteer in Madagascar in the Public Health Sector from 2001-2002. Nick has accumulated vast experience in physical therapy, working with a plethora of medical conditions in multiple settings over his 20 year career. His speciality within physical therapy is in the area of functional movement and is certified with Functional Movement Systems, both in Level I and II. He also holds a Level II MovNat Certification in Natural Movement and is very passionate about restoring movement can bring about healing, restore function and mobility, and decrease pain."Follow him on Instagram at @ironspinemovment. About Dr. Phil Lombardo, PT, DPT, SCS, CSCS, PES, CES, NFHS, USATF, MCT, EMRT:"Dr. Phil Lombardo, a superior physical therapist, has extensive experience in the care of both sports injuries and general musculoskeletal injuries for patients of all ages. In 2007, Phil joined the top one percent of the Doctor of Physical Therapy in the country by becoming an APTA Board Certified Specialist in Sports (SCS). Dr. Lombardo has distinguished himself as a provider of choice in Sports Medicine and is recognized by the National Federation of State High School Association as a Certified Coach specializing in Track and Field (NFHS). His expert knowledge as a Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialist (CSCS), a Sports Performance Enhancement Specialist (PES), and a Certified Corrective Exercise Specialist (CES) guarantee his patients the highest quality of care. Phil earned both his undergraduate degree and Doctoral degree in Physical Therapy from New York University. It was also there that he received the department’s Service Award for Excellence in giving to others. "It brings Phil great joy as he shares MovNat, a physical education system for developing real-world capability through natural movement with his patients and now to the public. His journey led him to becoming a MovNat certified instructor, hosting the first-ever MovNat Elements Workshop in NJ and then becoming the first-ever licensed MovNat facility in NJ. "As a devoted fitness enthusiast, Phil loves to constantly learn about and train in all areas, including strength training, running, hiking, and kayaking. He grew up in Leonia and now resides in Butler with his wife and sons. Around the clinic, in addition to his passion for physical therapy, Phil is also known for his love of and expertise in chocolate, especially dark — 86% cacao, to be precise!"Contact Phil at phil@movnat.com or www.paramuspt.comContact Michael:1. Email: reasonrx@aol.com2. Gold Academy: https://www.goldams.com 3. Total Human Fitness: https://total-human-fitness.com4. Cypress Creek Ecological Restoration Project: https://ccerp.org5. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/ 6. Twitter/Instagram: EpistemeRxTo support the show and help us grow our audience -- so we have more of an impact on education and the culture -- please help us with a donation:1. https://www.patreon.com/reasonrxpodcast 2. https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=SP6QPQKJU4XSS&source=url Also, please consider liking us on your podcast app, and leaving a rational review.And if you find an episode valuable, please share it with parents, teachers, school personnel, friends, and family. Help spread the word, help spread rational ideas for better living. Show notes:1. "The History of Physical Fitness" by Erwan LeCorrehttps://www.movnat.com/history-of-fitness/2. "Nick’s Amazing Transformation with Natural Movement" by Nick Burroughshttps://www.movnat.com/nicks-success-story/3. "Nick’s Level 3 Certification Experience: The 'True Essence of MovNat' ” by Nick Burroughshttps://www.movnat.com/nicks-success-story-level-3-certification-review/4. "MovNat For Medical Professionals" by Dr. Phil Lombardohttps://www.movnat.com/movnat-for-medical-professionals/5. "4 Lessons This Doctor Learned From Natural Movement" by Dr. Phil Lombardohttps://www.movnat.com/4-lessons-this-doctor-learned-from-natural-movement/6. Upcoming event: MovNat Medical: Clinical Applications of Natural Movement (Riverdale, NJ), 12-13 March 2022 Sign up here: https://www.movnat.com/event/movnat-medical-1/7. MovNati. Website: https://www.movnat.comii. YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/user/MovNat8. The Practice of Natural Movement: Reclaim Power, Health, and Freedom by Erwan Le Correhttps://www.amazon.com/Practice-Natural-Movement-Reclaim-Freedom/dp/162860283X/9. "5 Ways Fitness Programs Are Evolving (And How To Stay Ahead Of The Curve)"https://www.movnat.com/5-ways-fitness-is-evolving/10. Articles about how MovNat helps physical therapists and their clientshttps://www.movnat.com/?s=physical+therapist11. The Feldenkrais Methodhttps://feldenkrais.com/12. John McPherson of P3 CrossFiti. https://www.spreaker.com/user/11043023/episode-16-crossfit-owner-john-mcphersonii. https://www.spreaker.com/user/11043023/episode-17-crossfit-box-owner-john-mcpheiii. P3 CrossFit: http://www.p3crossfit.com13. Kelly Starrett, Gray Cook of FMS, Lee Burton of FMS, Katy Bowman, Pavel Tsatsouline and others all know the MovNat people, and they all work together. They percolate, ferment, compost, and chew the cud. They network, learn, and improve.i. Kelly Starrett was a guest on the FMS Podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/free-to-be-pain-free/id1516334100?i=1000535507272ii. Lee and Gray have talked about MovNat in a number of episodes of their FMS Podcast.iii. Gray Cook and Erwan LeCorre (Erwan founded MovNat) did a course together: https://sensecourse.com/product/gray-cook-erwan-le-corre-exploring-functional-movement/. iv. Danny Clark of MovNat and Katy Bowman have also done a course together: https://brainlearns.com/courses/katy-bowman-danny-clark-natural-movement-fundamentals-2/v. Katy Bowman was a guest on the FMS Podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/permission-to-move-your-dna/id1516334100?i=1000539982355vi. Pavel Tsatsouline’s Strong First works with MovNat’s Vic Verdier: https://strongfirst.skilltrain.com/Pages/Public/Bio?enc=uWNrw6mT5HxmWnfway69dQ%3d%3dvii. Brett Jones, with StrongFirst, was a guest on the FMS Podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/unlocking-more-strength/id1516334100?i=1000541466127viii. Here is a CrossFit Level 3 Certified Trainer (and MovNat Level 1 Certified Trainer) interviewing a MovNat Level 3 Certified Trainer: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/tfp-065-bernd-reicheneder-movnat/id1020926228?i=1000500045204ix. “Top-ranking UFC fighter Carlos Condit shares great insights about his MovNat / Natural Movement Fitness training with founder Erwan Le Corre.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3I8wIvC65Qx. “Navy SEAL on MovNat: Brilliant, Practical, Not Flashy: How this Navy SEAL Commander Takes Real World Fitness to Another Level with Natural Movement” by Mark Bollonghttps://www.movnat.com/navy-seal-on-movnat/Bios and pictures courtesy Nick Burroughs and Phil Lombardo.

Nick Burroughs (PT, MSPT) and Dr. Phil Lombardo (PT, DPT, SCS), each a MovNat Level 2 Certified Fitness Trainer, join us to discuss-their professional backgrounds-their fitness backgrounds-our fitness culture-principles of good programming and training-the importance of fitness goals-MovNat and how it's helped them and their clients-the fun of movement and fitness-the new MovNat Medical courseUpcoming event! 12-13 March 2022.MovNat Medical: Clinical Applications of Natural Movement (Riverdale, NJ), 12-13 March 2022Sign up here: https://www.movnat.com/event/movnat-medical-1/About Nick Burroughs, PT, MSPT, MCT: "Nick received his Bachelor of Science degree in Biology from James Madison University in 1998 and then his Master of Science in Physical Therapy from Virginia Commonwealth University in 2001. After graduation, Nick served as a Peace Corps Volunteer in Madagascar in the Public Health Sector from 2001-2002. Nick has accumulated vast experience in physical therapy, working with a plethora of medical conditions in multiple settings over his 20 year career. His speciality within physical therapy is in the area of functional movement and is certified with Functional Movement Systems, both in Level I and II. He also holds a Level II MovNat Certification in Natural Movement and is very passionate about restoring movement can bring about healing, restore function and mobility, and decrease pain."Follow him on Instagram at @ironspinemovment. About Dr. Phil Lombardo, PT, DPT, SCS, CSCS, PES, CES, NFHS, USATF, MCT, EMRT:"Dr. Phil Lombardo, a superior physical therapist, has extensive experience in the care of both sports injuries and general musculoskeletal injuries for patients of all ages. In 2007, Phil joined the top one percent of the Doctor of Physical Therapy in the country by becoming an APTA Board Certified Specialist in Sports (SCS). Dr. Lombardo has distinguished himself as a provider of choice in Sports Medicine and is recognized by the National Federation of State High School Association as a Certified Coach specializing in Track and Field (NFHS). His expert knowledge as a Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialist (CSCS), a Sports Performance Enhancement Specialist (PES), and a Certified Corrective Exercise Specialist (CES) guarantee his patients the highest quality of care. Phil earned both his undergraduate degree and Doctoral degree in Physical Therapy from New York University. It was also there that he received the department’s Service Award for Excellence in giving to others. "It brings Phil great joy as he shares MovNat, a physical education system for developing real-world capability through natural movement with his patients and now to the public. His journey led him to becoming a MovNat certified instructor, hosting the first-ever MovNat Elements Workshop in NJ and then becoming the first-ever licensed MovNat facility in NJ. "As a devoted fitness enthusiast, Phil loves to constantly learn about and train in all areas, including strength training, running, hiking, and kayaking. He grew up in Leonia and now resides in Butler with his wife and sons. Around the clinic, in addition to his passion for physical therapy, Phil is also known for his love of and expertise in chocolate, especially dark — 86% cacao, to be precise!"Contact Phil at phil@movnat.com or www.paramuspt.comContact Michael:1. Email: reasonrx@aol.com2. Gold Academy: https://www.goldams.com 3. Total Human Fitness: https://total-human-fitness.com4. Cypress Creek Ecological Restoration Project: https://ccerp.org5. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/ 6. Twitter/Instagram: EpistemeRxTo support the show and help us grow our audience -- so we have more of an impact on education and the culture -- please help us with a donation:1. https://www.patreon.com/reasonrxpodcast 2. https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=SP6QPQKJU4XSS&source=url Also, please consider liking us on your podcast app, and leaving a rational review.And if you find an episode valuable, please share it with parents, teachers, school personnel, friends, and family. Help spread the word, help spread rational ideas for better living. Show notes:1. Spark: The Revolutionary New Science of Exercise and the Brain by John Ratey, M.D.https://www.amazon.com/Spark-Revolutionary-Science-Exercise-Brain/dp/0316113514/2. "Nick’s Amazing Transformation with Natural Movement" by Nick Burroughshttps://www.movnat.com/nicks-success-story/3. "Nick’s Level 3 Certification Experience: The 'True Essence of MovNat' ” by Nick Burroughshttps://www.movnat.com/nicks-success-story-level-3-certification-review/4. "MovNat For Medical Professionals" by Dr. Phil Lombardohttps://www.movnat.com/movnat-for-medical-professionals/5. "4 Lessons This Doctor Learned From Natural Movement" by Dr. Phil Lombardohttps://www.movnat.com/4-lessons-this-doctor-learned-from-natural-movement/6. Upcoming event: MovNat Medical: Clinical Applications of Natural Movement (Riverdale, NJ), 12-13 March 2022 Sign up here: https://www.movnat.com/event/movnat-medical-1/7. MovNati. Website: https://www.movnat.comii. YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/user/MovNat8. The Practice of Natural Movement: Reclaim Power, Health, and Freedom by Erwan Le Correhttps://www.amazon.com/Practice-Natural-Movement-Reclaim-Freedom/dp/162860283X/9. MovNat Certificationsi. Level 1: https://www.movnat.com/certification-guide/level-one-certification/ii. Level 2: https://www.movnat.com/certification-guide/level-two-certification/iii. Level 3: https://www.movnat.com/certification-guide/level-three-certification/10. "5 Ways Fitness Programs Are Evolving (And How To Stay Ahead Of The Curve)"https://www.movnat.com/5-ways-fitness-is-evolving/11. Articles about how MovNat helps physical therapists and their clientshttps://www.movnat.com/?s=physical+therapist12. Katy Bowmani. https://www.nutritiousmovement.com/ii. https://www.amazon.com/Katy-Bowman/e/B0057HLJY2%3Fref=dbs_a_mng_rwt_scns_share13. Presidential traversei. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_Traverseii. https://sectionhiker.com/great-hikes-a-presidential-traverse/iii. https://www.alltrails.com/trail/us/new-hampshire/presidential-traverse-trail14. “Let your movement be your medicine and your medicine be your movement" is a paraphrase of "Let food be thy medicine, and medicine be thy food" by Hippocrates (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippocrates).15. "The good physician treats the disease; the great physician treats the patient who has the disease.” --William OslerBios and pictures courtesy Nick Burroughs and Phil Lombardo.

Assistant Scoutmaster Hans Schantz joins us to discuss ways to better teach, educate, and manage children and teens. We discuss:-Hans' experience and background with the Scouts-the history of the Scouts-the founder, Robert Baden-Powell-the Patrol Method-how Scouting is structured and how it works-successes Hans has seen with Scouts-the connection between Baden-Powell and Maria Montessori (just a mention; more info in show notes, below)-how schools, homeschoolers, parents, organizations could use principles of Scouting and The Patrol MethodAbout Hans: Hans G. Schantz is a scientist, inventor, entrepreneur, and science fiction writer. Principal Scientist at Geeks and Nerds Corporation, he was formerly a co-founder and Chief Technical Officer of the Q-Track Corporation, and co-inventor of the company's near-field precision indoor location systems. A theoretical physicist by training, he wrote the book The Art and Science of Ultrawideband Antennas. More recently, he branched out into science fiction, authoring the Amazon top-ten alternate history science fiction techno-thriller, The Hidden Truth. Hans lives in Huntsville, Alabama. His wife Barbara, inventor of the Baby Dipper Bowl, looks after the couple's two sets of twins.You can contact Dr. Schantz at https://amzn.to/33CcKS5Contact Michael:1. Email: reasonrx@aol.com2. Gold Academy: https://www.goldams.com 3. Total Human Fitness: https://total-human-fitness.com4. Cypress Creek Ecological Restoration Project: https://ccerp.org5. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/ 6. Twitter/Instagram: EpistemeRxTo support the show and help us grow our audience -- so we have more of an impact on education and the culture -- please help us with a donation:1. https://www.patreon.com/reasonrxpodcast 2. https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=SP6QPQKJU4XSS&source=url Also, please consider liking us on your podcast app, and leaving a rational review.And if you find an episode valuable, please share it with parents, teachers, school personnel, friends, and family. Help spread the word, help spread rational ideas for better living.Show notes :1. Boy Scoutsi. https://www.scouting.orgii. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boy_Scouts_of_America2. Venturingi. https://www.scouting.org/programs/venturing/ii. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venturing3. Sea Scoutsi. https://seascout.orgii. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_Scout4. Cub Scoutsi. https://www.scouting.org/programs/cub-scouts/ii. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cub_Scout5. Girl Scoutsi. https://www.girlscouts.orgii. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girl_Scouts_of_the_USA6. Robert Baden-Powelli. https://www.scout.org/node/52292/introductionii. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Baden-Powell,_1st_Baron_Baden-Powelliii. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-Stephenson-Smyth-Baden-Powell-1st-Baron-Baden-Powell7. Montessori and Baden-Powelli. http://www.kelpin.nl/fred/download/scouting/montessori/mariaenrobert.pdfii. https://www.montessori.school.nz/blog-capital-montessori-parenting-early-childhood-education/2016/10/27/learning-with-the-sensesiii. http://www.faqs.org/childhood/Ar-Bo/Baden-Powell-Robert-1857-1941.htmliv. https://infed.org/robert-baden-powell-as-an-educational-innovator/8. Scout badgehttps://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/202/flashcards/2332202/jpg/firstclass1354490989303.jpg9. Eagle Scouthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eagle_Scout_(Boy_Scouts_of_America)10. "Notable recipients" of the Eagle Scout rankhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Eagle_Scouts11. The Patrol Methodi. https://blog.scoutingmagazine.org/2014/09/05/patrol-method/ii. https://bsatroop883.com/about-scouting/the-patrol-method-explained/iii. http://www.whitestag.org/patrol_method/iv. http://www.ncacbsa.org/colonial/wp-content/uploads/sites/16/2016/02/The-Patrol-Method-_-Dos-and-Don_ts-NovemberRT1.pdfv. https://scoutmastercg.com/the-patrol-method-in-practice-what-the-patrol-does/12. Aids to Scouting: For N.-C.Os. & Men by Sir Robert Baden-Powellhttps://www.amazon.com/Aids-Scouting-Sir-Robert-Baden-Powell/dp/1535281502/13. Scouting for Boys by Robert Baden-Powelli. https://www.amazon.com/Scouting-Boys-Original-Dover-Editions/dp/0486457192/ii. https://www.amazon.com/Scouting-Boys-1908-Version-Legacy/dp/1643890603/14. Boy Scouts Handbookhttps://www.amazon.com/Boy-Scouts-Handbook-First-Americana/dp/0486439917/https://www.amazon.com/Scouts-First-Handbook-Boys-Legacy/dp/1643890085/15. Girl Scouts Handbook: The Original 1913 Edition by W. J. Hoxiehttps://www.amazon.com/Girl-Scouts-Handbook-Original-1913/dp/1631583522/16. Boy Scouts Handbook (2021 edition)i. https://www.scoutshop.org/scouts-bsa-handbook-14th-edition-655930.htmlii. https://www.amazon.com/Scouts-BSA-Handbook-14th-Edition/dp/B084JG9PQ2/17. Trail Life USAi. https://www.traillifeusa.comii. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trail_Life_USA18. The Scarlet Pimpernel (1934)https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0025748/19. The Scarlet Pimpernel, the floweri. https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/791928-Lysimachia-arvensisii. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anagallis_arvensisPicture and bio courtesy Hans Schantz.

In this episode, James Lennox, PhD Philosophy, joins us to discuss:-running and fitness-Dr. Lennox's academic background-why you should study science from a historical perspective-his study of the history and philosophy of science-the nature of science-the nature of philosophy-the dependence of science on philosophy-specific examples, through history, of science and its dependence on philosophy-recommendations for studying science-why it all mattersAbout Jim: "James G. Lennox is Professor Emeritus of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Pittsburgh. His publications include Aristotle: On the Parts of Animals (Oxford 2001) and Aristotle’s Philosophy of Biology: Essays on the Origins of Life Science (Cambridge 2001), and Aristotle on Inquiry: Erotetic Frameworks and Domain-Specific Norms (Cambridge 2021). He co-edited Concepts and Their Role in Knowledge: Reflections on Objectivist Epistemology (Pittsburgh 2013), Metaethics, Egoism, and Virtue: Studies in Ayn Rand’s Normative Theory (Pittsburgh 2013), Being, Nature, and Life in Aristotle (Cambridge 2010), Self-Motion from Aristotle to Newton (Princeton 1994), and Philosophical Issues in Aristotle’s Biology (Cambridge 1987). He is the author of “Aristotle and the Origins of Zoology” for The Cambridge History of Science: Volume 1. Lennox has held fellowships at Harvard’s Center for Hellenic Studies and at the University of Bologna’s Institute for Advanced Study. He is a founding member and currently co-secretary of the Ayn Rand Society, affiliated with the American Philosophical Association."To support the show and help us grow our audience -- so we have more of an impact on education and the culture -- please help us with a donation:1. https://www.patreon.com/reasonrxpodcast 2. https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=SP6QPQKJU4XSS&source=url Also, please consider liking us on your podcast app, and leaving a rational review.And if you find an episode valuable, please share it with parents, teachers, school personnel, friends, and family. Help spread the word, help spread rational ideas for better living. Contact Michael:1. reasonrxpodcast@aol.com2. http://www.goldams.com 3. https://www.facebook.com/EpistemeRx/4. https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/Show notes:1. Books by Dr. Lennox (written, edited, or contributed)https://www.amazon.com/kindle-dbs/entity/author/B001HOQWT62. Works of Dr. Lennoxhttps://philpapers.org/s/James%20G.%20Lennox3. Fitnessi. Movnata. https://www.movnat.comb. https://www.youtube.com/user/MovNatii. Katy Bowman and Nutritious Movementa. https://www.nutritiousmovement.comb. https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/move-your-dna-with-katy-bowman/id894200695iii. Functional Movement Systemsa. https://www.functionalmovement.comb. https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/movement-podcast/id15163341004. Bernd Heinrichi. https://www.spreaker.com/episode/17806876ii. https://www.spreaker.com/episode/178727215. E.O. Wilson in Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge: "Few [scientists] are philosophers. Most are intellectual journeyman, exploring locally, hoping for a strike, living for the present."6. E. Bright Wilson, Professor Chemistry at Harvard, in An Introduction to Scientific Research: “Practical scientists who rashly allow themselves to listen to philosophers are likely to go away in a discouraged frame of mind, convinced that there is no logical foundation for the things they do, that all their alleged scientific laws are without justification, and that they are living in a world of naïve illusion. Of course, once they get out into the sunlight again, they know that this is not so, that scientific principles do work, bridges stay up, eclipses occur on schedule, and atomic bombs go off.“Nevertheless, it is very unsatisfactory that no generally acceptable theory of scientific inference has yet been put forward. … Mistakes are often made which would presumably not have been made if a consistent and satisfactory basic philosophy had been followed.” 7. Isaac Newton’s Rules of Reasoning in Science: “Rule 1 We are to admit no more causes of natural things than such as are both true and sufficient to explain their appearances.“Rule 2 Therefore to the same natural effects we must, as far as possible, assign the same causes.“Rule 3. The qualities of bodies, which admit neither intensification nor remission of degrees, and which are found to belong to all bodies within the reach of our experiments, are to be esteemed the universal qualities of all bodies whatsoever.“Rule 4. In experimental philosophy we are to look upon propositions inferred by general induction from phenomena as accurately or very nearly true, not withstanding any contrary hypothesis that may be imagined, till such time as other phenomena occur, by which they may either be made more accurate, or liable to exceptions.”8. Alexander Pope: “Nature and Nature's laws lay hid in night:God said, Let Newton be! and all was light.”https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/168406-nature-and-nature-s-laws-lay-hid-in-night-god-said9. Galileo: "I should even think that in making the celestial material alterable, I contradict the doctrine of Aristotle much less than do those people who still want to keep the sky inalterable; for I am sure that he never took its inalterability to be as certain as the fact that all human reasoning must be placed second to direct experience."From the Second Letter of Galileo Galilei to Mark Welser on Sunspots, p. 118 of Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo, translated by Stillman Drake, (c) 1957 by Stillman Drake, published by Doubleday Anchor Books, Doubleday & Co., Garden City, New York10. Atle Naess, in his book Galileo Galilei – When the World Stood Still: “Galileo’s radical renewal sprang, nevertheless, from the Aristotelian mind set, as it was taught at the Jesuits’ Collegio Romano: human reason has a basic ability to recognize and understand the objects registered by the senses. The objects are real. They have properties that can be perceived, and then ‘further processed’ according to logical rules. These logical concepts are also real (if not in exactly the same way as the physical objects).”11. Aristotle's book The Posterior Analyticsi. http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/posterior.htmlii. https://www.amazon.com/Aristotle-Posterior-Analytics-Topica-Classical/dp/0674994302/12. Archimedeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes13. Apolloniushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollonius_of_Perga14. Ptolemyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemy15. John Herschelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Herschel16. William Whewellhttps://plato.stanford.edu/entries/whewell/17. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegela. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegelb. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/hegel/c. https://iep.utm.edu/hegelsoc/18. Immanuel Kanta. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immanuel_Kantb. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/kant/c. philosophy of mind: https://iep.utm.edu/kantmind/19. Plato's Republica. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_(Plato)b. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/plato-ethics-politics/c. https://iep.utm.edu/republic/20. Dr. Lennox's quoted translation of Aristotle in the Parts of Animals, Chapter 5, Book 1https://goldams.com/aristotle-on-loving-biology/21. Recommendations for physics laid out historically (but not for their philosophy of science):i. Introductory Physics: An Historical Approach by Dr. Herbert Priestleyhttps://www.amazon.com/Introductory-physics-historical-approach-College/dp/B0000CK5V4/ii. Notes of Dr. Michael Fowlera. http://galileoandeinstein.physics.virginia.edub. http://galileo.phys.virginia.edu/classes/252/home.htmliii. The astronomy section in Physics for the Inquiring Mind by Dr. Eric Rogersa. https://www.amazon.com/Physics-Inquiring-Mind-Philosophy-Physical/dp/069108016X/b. https://archive.org/details/PhysicsForTheInquiringMind-Rogersc. http://self.gutenberg.org/wplbn0003099703-physics-for-the-enquiring-mind-by-eric-m-rogers.aspxOther notes:Daniel Robinson, in Lecture 12: Aristotle on the Knowable, The Great Ideas of Philosophy: “I have occasionally said to classes that if I had to single out any event as evidence of some civilization in a distant galaxy beyond the Milky Way, taking pity on us for the slow progress of the human imagination in dealing with its problems, the evidence might well be the life of Aristotle and his accomplishments. It's almost as if such a distant galactic neighbor might have said 'For goodness sake those human beings don't seem to be getting on with it at all. Aristotle, why don't you go down there and get things going?’ " (https://www.amazon.com/Great-Ideas-Philosophy-2nd/dp/B00DTO51JY)Bio and image courtesy James Lennox.

In this episode, Scott and Michael discuss:-current events and recent public letters to some private high schools-some ideas about racism and attempts to deal with it today: the good and the bad-racism (all bad, no good to it)-the philosophic and historical roots of some of these bad attempts-the social vs. the metaphysical-the practicality of some of these attempts-how they affects our children-how, in truth and in reality, to deal with racismTo support the show and help us grow our audience -- so we have more of an impact on education and the culture -- please help us with a donation:1. https://www.patreon.com/reasonrxpodcast 2. https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=SP6QPQKJU4XSS&source=url Also, please consider liking us on your podcast app, and leaving a rational review.And if you find an episode valuable, please share it with parents, teachers, school personnel, friends, and family. Help spread the word, help spread rational ideas for better living. About Scott:Scott K. Harris (https://www.linkedin.com/in/scott-k-harris-b037966) has a Bachelor of Arts in History/Psychology from Texas State University and a Master’s in Education from Lamar University. He received the Mirabeau B. Lamar Award for Teaching Excellence, and was the first teacher in Texas to receive the Quality School Teacher Award."In his 29th year of teaching, Harris has taught U.S. History, World History, Psychology, A.P. Psychology, A.P. Macroeconomics, Philosophy, and International Baccalaureate’s capstone course Theory of Knowledge. He also coached swimming and water polo for 17 years. "Harris has guest-lectured at Texas State in Philosophy, and at the University of Texas San Antonio’s graduate school in Education. For nearly two decades he was a member of the Mind Science Foundation and the National Association of Scholars. "Harris piloted curriculum for what is now John Stossel-in-the-Classroom, serves as a consultant to Free- to-Choose Media, and is an associate producer for Izzit.org, all of which produce videos advocating liberty and economic education."Contact Scott: https://www.linkedin.com/in/scott-k-harris-b037966Contact Michael:1. reasonrxpodcast@aol.com2. http://www.goldams.com 3. https://www.facebook.com/EpistemeRx/4. https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/Show notes1. "Education must also train one for quick, resolute and effective thinking. To think incisively and to think for one’s self is very difficult. We are prone to let our mental life become invaded by legions of half truths, prejudices, and propaganda. At this point, I often wonder whether or not education is fulfilling its purpose. A great majority of the so-called educated people do not think logically and scientifically. Even the press, the classroom, the platform, and the pulpit in many instances do not give us objective and unbiased truths. To save man from the morass of propaganda, in my opinion, is one of the chief aims of education. Education must enable one to sift and weigh evidence, to discern the true from the false, the real from the unreal, and the facts from the fiction...."If we are not careful, our colleges will produce a group of close-minded, unscientific, illogical propagandists, consumed with immoral acts. Be careful, “brethren!” Be careful, teachers!” --Martin Luther King, Jr. (From MLK’s 1947 article “The Purpose of Education,” published in the Morehouse College campus newspaper The Maroon Tiger. See: https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/king-papers/documents/purpose-education)2. "Like every other form of collectivism, racism is a quest for the unearned. It is a quest for automatic knowledge—for an automatic evaluation of men’s characters that bypasses the responsibility of exercising rational or moral judgment—and, above all, a quest for an automatic self-esteem (or pseudo-self-esteem)." -- Ayn Rand (http://aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/racism.html)3. "Dad who wrote scathing letter to Brearley about race focus: ‘Someone had to’ " by Dana Kennedy (17 April 2021) https://nypost.com/2021/04/17/dad-who-wrote-letter-to-brearley-about-race-focus-someone-had-to/4. "You Have to Read This Letter" by Bari Weiss (16 April 2021)https://bariweiss.substack.com/p/you-have-to-read-this-letter5. "One Parent of New York City Indoctrination School Has Had Enough" (17 April 2021)https://theconservativetreehouse.com/2021/04/17/one-parent-of-new-york-city-indoctrination-school-has-had-enough/6. "Parents anger as $45,000-a-year Brentwood School scraps Lord of the Flies and To Kill a Mockingbird for new anti-racism curriculum" (19 April 2021)https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9489139/Brentwood-School-locked-ideological-struggle-canceling-Kill-Mockingbird.html7. "The Miseducation of America’s Elites: Affluent parents, terrified of running afoul of the new orthodoxy in their children’s private schools, organize in secret." by Bari Weiss (9 March 2021)https://www.city-journal.org/the-miseducation-of-americas-elites?wallit_nosession=18. The Website "New Discourses: Pursuing the light of objective truth in subjective darkness. Translations from the Wokish"https://newdiscourses.com/translations-from-the-wokish/9. Michel Foucaulta. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Foucaultb. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Michel-Foucaultc. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/foucault/d. https://iep.utm.edu/foucault/10. Karl Marxa. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marxist_philosophyb. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/marx/c. https://iep.utm.edu/socialis/d. http://aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/communism.html11. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegela. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegelb. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/hegel/c. https://iep.utm.edu/hegelsoc/12. Immanuel Kanta. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immanuel_Kantb. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/kant/c. philosophy of mind: https://iep.utm.edu/kantmind/d. http://aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/kant,_immanuel.html13. Plato's Republica. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_(Plato)b. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/plato-ethics-politics/c. https://iep.utm.edu/republic/d. http://aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/platonic_realism.html14. John Deweya. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Deweyb. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/dewey/c. https://iep.utm.edu/dewey/d. http://aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/pragmatism.html15. The Khmer Rougea. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmer_Rougeb. https://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/the-khmer-rougec. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Khmer-Rouged. http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1879785,00.htmle. https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-are-the-khmer-rouge-killing-fields.html16. The Great Leap Forwarda. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Leap_Forwardb. https://www.britannica.com/event/Great-Leap-Forwardc. https://www.thegreatcoursesdaily.com/great-leap-forward-mao-zedong/d. https://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/modern-world-history-1918-to-1980/china-1900-to-1976/the-great-leap-forward/17. "The Weimar Renaissance"a. https://www.britannica.com/place/Germany/The-Weimar-Renaissanceb. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weimar_culture18. "Harrison Bergeron" by Kurt Vonneguta. http://tnellen.com/cybereng/harrison.htmlb. https://archive.org/stream/HarrisonBergeron/Harrison%20Bergeron_djvu.txtc. https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=sites&srcid=ZGVmYXVsdGRvbWFpbnxtc3JlZG1hbmVuZ2xpc2h8Z3g6MjdlZjYzZmNmMjFjMjgxZA19. "The Autobiography of Frederick Douglass: Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave "https://www.amazon.com/Autobiography-Frederick-Douglass-Narrative-American/dp/197985444020. "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American SlaveFrederick Douglass (1845)" a. https://resources.saylor.org/wwwresources/archived/site/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/SAYLOR-ENGL405-7.2-DOUGLASS.pdfb. https://www.ibiblio.org/ebooks/Douglass/Narrative/Douglass_Narrative.pdfc. http://mrbecker9.weebly.com/uploads/4/8/5/7/4857123/frederickdouglassfulltext.pdf21. "In the Heat of the Night" (1967), starring Sidney Poitier and Rod Steigerhttps://www.imdb.com/title/tt0061811/22. "Gentleman's Agreement," staring Gregory Peck and Dorothy McGuirehttps://www.imdb.com/title/tt0039416/23. "Racism is the lowest, most crudely primitive form of collectivism. It is the notion of ascribing moral, social or political significance to a man’s genetic lineage—the notion that a man’s intellectual and characterological traits are produced and transmitted by his internal body chemistry. Which means, in practice, that a man is to be judged, not by his own character and actions, but by the characters and actions of a collective of ancestors."Bio and image courtesy of Scott Harris.

In this episode, Scott and Michael discuss, in this COVID quarantine:-what we each did today and yesterday, just saying hi-sports and athletics-teaching-the importance of longer-term assignments as opposed to 40-minute worksheets-the CDC, government, Lysenkoism, and science-why to get outdoors-fitness and movement-the importance of thinking of things holistically; thinking of things in isolation or in compartments is logically compromised To support the show and help us grow our audience -- so we have more of an impact on education and the culture -- please help us with a donation:1. https://www.patreon.com/reasonrxpodcast 2. https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=SP6QPQKJU4XSS&source=url Also, please consider liking us on your podcast app, and leaving a rational review.And if you find an episode valuable, please share it with parents, teachers, school personnel, friends, and family. Help spread the word, help spread rational ideas for better living. About Scott:Scott K. Harris (https://www.linkedin.com/in/scott-k-harris-b037966) has a Bachelor of Arts in History/Psychology from Texas State University and a Master’s in Education from Lamar University. He received the Mirabeau B. Lamar Award for Teaching Excellence, and was the first teacher in Texas to receive the Quality School Teacher Award."In his 29th year of teaching, Harris has taught U.S. History, World History, Psychology, A.P. Psychology, A.P. Macroeconomics, Philosophy, and International Baccalaureate’s capstone course Theory of Knowledge. He also coached swimming and water polo for 17 years. "Harris has guest-lectured at Texas State in Philosophy, and at the University of Texas San Antonio’s graduate school in Education. For nearly two decades he was a member of the Mind Science Foundation and the National Association of Scholars. "Harris piloted curriculum for what is now John Stossel-in-the-Classroom, serves as a consultant to Free- to-Choose Media, and is an associate producer for Izzit.org, all of which produce videos advocating liberty and economic education."Contact Scott: https://www.linkedin.com/in/scott-k-harris-b037966Contact Michael:1. reasonrxpodcast@aol.com2. http://www.goldams.com 3. https://www.facebook.com/EpistemeRx/4. https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/Show notes1. "Education must also train one for quick, resolute and effective thinking. To think incisively and to think for one’s self is very difficult. We are prone to let our mental life become invaded by legions of half truths, prejudices, and propaganda. At this point, I often wonder whether or not education is fulfilling its purpose. A great majority of the so-called educated people do not think logically and scientifically. Even the press, the classroom, the platform, and the pulpit in many instances do not give us objective and unbiased truths. To save man from the morass of propaganda, in my opinion, is one of the chief aims of education. Education must enable one to sift and weigh evidence, to discern the true from the false, the real from the unreal, and the facts from the fiction...."If we are not careful, our colleges will produce a group of close-minded, unscientific, illogical propagandists, consumed with immoral acts. Be careful, “brethren!” Be careful, teachers!” --Martin Luther King, Jr. (From MLK’s 1947 article “The Purpose of Education,” published in the Morehouse College campus newspaper The Maroon Tiger. See: https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/king-papers/documents/purpose-education)2. Exercise and America's Declining health (starting info for you to do your own research; I have not read all this, and don't claim it's all valid)"Lack of exercise is a major cause of chronic diseases" (Comprehensive Physiology; April 2012) by Frank W. Booth, Ph.D., Christian K. Roberts, Ph.D., and Matthew J. Laye, Ph.D.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4241367/3. Exercise, movement, the mind, the brain, consciousness, and cognition (some starting info for you, the podcasts of which I have not listened to)i. Spark: The Revolutionary New Science of Exercise and the Brain by John Ratey, MDhttps://www.amazon.com/Spark-Revolutionary-Science-Exercise-Brain/dp/0316113514/ii. "Exercise and the Brain," (Episode 33 of the Brain Science Podcast with Ginger Campbell, MD)https://brainsciencepodcast.com/bsp/exercise-and-the-brain-bsp-33.htmliii. "How Regular Movement Makes You Smarter" (Episode 30 of the Optimize Yourself Podcast by Zack Arnold)https://optimizeyourself.me/john-ratey-podcast-interview/iv. "Why the Brain is Built for Movement" (TED talk by Anders Hansen)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9p3Z7L0f0Uv. "Climb a Tree for Working Memory" by Tracy Packiam Alloway, Ph.D, and Ross Alloway, PhDhttp://www.huffingtonpost.com/tracy-alloway-phd-and-ross-alloway-phd/climb-a-tree-for-working-_b_7909180.htmlvi. "Climb a Tree for Working Memory: Part 2" by Tracy Packiam Alloway, Ph.D, and Ross Alloway, PhD. (About Tracy: https://www.tracyalloway.com)https://www.huffpost.com/entry/climb-a-tree-for-working-_1_b_79442004. Fitness and movementi. a "movement library"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cf0XEBKYNfU&list=PLC5sbdn5ESCRN_VeYcEimsilu7IXiLmP_ii. another "movement library"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eVdaMhrNhzQ&list=PLC5sbdn5ESCSKU66Fbp6stQFPLaNQ8ribiii. Short videos (of 1.5-3.5 minutes) of sample intermediate workoutsa. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=91s9A4XgvuUb. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ec-dcixX-SYc. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xxBVcnwane0d. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CrZkoRp8-Fwe. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kdqztr2rbgAiv. Short videos (of 1.5-3.5 minutes) of sample advanced workoutsa. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_jMIaSxyvhEb. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W4zyP3uA23Qc. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5gyaGwHlHJAd. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1EYzdhkzpece. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aj4mA4g0JAs5. Breathing, while we are talking fitness and health"How to breathe" TEDx talk by Belisa Vranichhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1sgb2cUqFiY6. Sittingi. "To Sit or Not To Sit w/ Katy Bowman," an article and an episode of Brock Armstrong's podcast Workplace Herohttps://workplacehero.me/to-sit-or-not-to-sit-w-katy-bowman/ii. "Ways to Avoid Sitting All Day" by Selene Yeager https://www.runnersworld.com/health-injuries/a20796441/ways-to-avoid-sitting-all-day/iii. Move Your DNA by Katy Bowman https://www.amazon.com/Move-Your-DNA-Movement-Expanded/dp/19433701097. Lysenkoismi. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysenkoismii. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Trofim-Lysenko8. Cofactors of Vitamin D (starting info for you to do your own research; I have not read all this, and don't claim it's all valid)i. https://thyroidproblemsdoctor.com/dont-overlook-the-necessity-of-vitamin-d-cofactors/ii. https://vitamindwiki.com/Vitamin+D+Cofactors+in+a+nutshelliii. https://www.vitad.org/tiki-index.php?page=Low+cost+cofactors+for+vitamin+D9. Vitamin D (starting info for you to do your own research; I have not read all this, and don't claim it's all valid)i. https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/vitamins/vitamin-Dii. https://chriskresser.com/vitamin-d-more-is-not-better/iii. https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements-vitamin-d/art-20363792iv. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_D10. Vitamin D and COVID (starting info for you to do your own research; I have not read all this, and don't claim it's all valid)i. "Vitamin D deficiency may raise risk of getting COVID-19" (3 Sept 2020). by Gretchen Rubinhttps://www.uchicagomedicine.org/forefront/coronavirus-disease-covid-19/vitamin-d-deficiency-may-raise-risk-of-getting-covid19ii. "Study suggests high vitamin D levels may protect against COVID-19" (19 March 2021) by Alison Caldwell, PhD https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/forefront/coronavirus-disease-covid-19/vitamin-d-covid-studyiii. "Vitamin D Might Help Fight COVID-19" (28 Jan 2021) by Cara Murezhttps://www.webmd.com/lung/news/20210128/vitamin-d-might-help-fight-covid-19iv. “Effect of calcifediol treatment and best available therapy versus best available therapy on intensive care unit admission and mortality among patients hospitalized for COVID-19: A pilot randomized clinical study” (Oct 2020) by Marta Entrenas Castillo, Luis Manuel Entrenas Costa, José Manuel Vaquero Barrios, Juan Francisco Alcalá Díaz, José López Miranda, Roger Bouillon, José Manuel Quesada Gomezhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0960076020302764?via%3Dihubv. "The First Randomized Controlled Trial on Vitamin D and COVID-19"(3 Sept 2020) by Chris Masterjohn, PhDhttps://chrismasterjohnphd.com/covid-19/finally-confirmed-vitamin-d-nearly-abolishes-icu-risk-in-covid-19vi. "The Role of Vitamin D and Supportive Nutrients in the COVID-19 Pandemic" by Chris Kresserhttps://vimeo.com/530879066/e9b314a0be11. The Outdoorsi. "10 Reasons Why Being Outside is Important"https://askthescientists.com/outdoors/Bio and image courtesy Scott Harris.

In this episode, we discuss logic — but couched in writing an essay about William Blake's poem The Tyger, which I actually helped a student with years ago, way back in 2006 or 2012 or thereabouts. So this episode is about what I remember doing with that student to correct mistakes he had about the assignment and to help him write an A paper. We had to use some logic and thinking skills like definition, classification, contrast, similarity and difference, thinking as asking and answering questions, and concept-formation. Being about logic, this episode applies to all things: physics, chemistry, math, history, literature, medicine, marketing, philosophy, fitness, and more -- it applies to any use of conceptual thought to understand things in the world, because everywhere we turn to think conceptually, we need logic to do it right and be true.We need to train students to always think about concretes to not get lost in words and not get lost in math. We should help them be real. We and they need to be rooted in reality to not waste money — or injure people or destroy lives. Logic is not a joke or mere academic issue. Students need the cognitive tools to be true to reality. Their and our lives and well-being depend on it. And teachers have the responsibility to provide it. To support the show and help us grow our audience -- so we have more of an impact on education and the culture -- please help us with a donation:1. https://www.patreon.com/reasonrxpodcast 2. https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=SP6QPQKJU4XSS&source=url Also, please consider liking us on your podcast app, and leaving a rational review.And if you find an episode valuable, please share it with parents, teachers, school personnel, friends, and family. Help spread the word, help spread rational ideas for better living. Contact Michael:1. Email: reasonrx@aol.com2. Gold Academy: https://www.goldams.com 3. Total Human Fitness: https://total-human-fitness.com4. Cypress Creek Ecological Restoration Project: https://ccerp.org5. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/ 6. Twitter/Instagram: EpistemeRxShow notes1. William Blake's poem The Tyger: https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/43687/the-tyger2. Some of the other poems in Blake's Songs of Innocence and of Experience: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Songs_of_Innocence_and_of_Experience 3. "A literary element, or narrative element,[1] or element of literature[2] is a constituent of all works of narrative fiction—a necessary feature of verbal storytelling that can be found in any written or spoken narrative. This distinguishes them from literary techniques, or non-universal features of literature that accompany the construction of a particular work rather than forming the essential characteristics of all narrative. For example, plot, theme, character and tone are literary elements, whereas figurative language, irony, or foreshadowing would be considered literary techniques.” (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literary_element)4. Literary devices: https://literarydevices.neta. Assonance: https://literarydevices.net/assonance/b. Alliteration: https://literarydevices.net/alliteration/Examples: https://examples.yourdictionary.com/alliteration-examples.htmlc. Euphemism: https://literarydevices.net/euphemism/Examples: https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-euphemism.htmld. Synecdoche: https://literarydevices.net/synecdoche/Examples: https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-synecdoche.htmle. Foreshadowing: https://literarydevices.net/foreshadowing/Examples: https://examples.yourdictionary.com/foreshadowing-examples.htmlf. Hyperbole: https://literarydevices.net/hyperbole/Examples: https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-hyperbole-in-literature.htmlg. Imagery: https://literarydevices.net/imagery/Examples: https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-imagery-poems.htmlh. Metaphor: https://literarydevices.net/metaphor/Examples: https://examples.yourdictionary.com/reference/examples/extended-metaphor-examples.htmli. Simile: https://literarydevices.net/simile/j. Personification: https://literarydevices.net/personification/Examples: https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-personification.htmlk. Symbolism: https://literarydevices.net/symbolism/5. Literary devices, see also: https://blog.prepscholar.com/list-of-literary-devices-techniques6. Examples of alliterationa. "I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.” — Martin Luther King, Jrb. "I have looked down the saddest city lane.I have passed by the watchman on his beatAnd dropped my eyes, unwilling to explain.I have stood still and stopped the sound of feetWhen far away an interrupted cryCame over houses from another street”—Robert Frost (Acquainted with the Night)c. “Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation…” — Abraham Lincoln, Gettysburg Addressd. "He was four times a father, this fighter prince:one by one they entered the world,Heorogar, Hrothgar, the good Halgaand a daughter, I have heard, who was Onela´s queen,a balm in bed to the battle-scarred Swede.”-Beowolfe “Deep into that darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing,Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before”-Edgar Allen Poe, The Ravenf. "Education must also train one for quick, resolute and effective thinking. To think incisively and to think for one’s self is very difficult. We are prone to let our mental life become invaded by legions of half truths, prejudices, and propaganda. At this point, I often wonder whether or not education is fulfilling its purpose. A great majority of the so-called educated people do not think logically and scientifically. Even the press, the classroom, the platform, and the pulpit in many instances do not give us objective and unbiased truths. To save man from the morass of propaganda, in my opinion, is one of the chief aims of education. Education must enable one to sift and weigh evidence, to discern the true from the false, the real from the unreal, and the facts from the fiction.” --Martin Luther King, Jr. (From MLK’s 1947 article “The Purpose of Education,” published in the Morehouse College campus newspaper The Maroon Tiger. See: https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/king-papers/documents/purpose-education)g. "Voilà! In view, a humble vaudevillian veteran, cast vicariously as both victim and villain by the vicissitudes of Fate. This visage, no mere veneer of vanity, is a vestige of the vox populi, now vacant, vanished. However, this valorous visitation of a by-gone vexation, stands vivified and has vowed to vanquish these venal and virulent vermin vanguarding vice and vouchsafing the violently vicious and voracious violation of volition. The only verdict is vengeance; a vendetta, held as a votive, not in vain, for the value and veracity of such shall one day vindicate the vigilant and the virtuous. Verily, this vichyssoise of verbiage veers most verbose, so let me simply add that it's my very good honor to meet you and you may call me V.” (source: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/v_for_vendetta/quotes/)7. Related resources I found in getting notes together for this episodea. https://www.sparknotes.com/poetry/blake/section9/b. https://literarydevices.net/the-tyger/Image from: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Tyger_BM_a_1794.jpg

In this episode, we discuss some essentials of teacher training and hence provide a guide to teacher education reform. Education is the systematic training of the conceptual faculty of the young in order to instill in them the knowledge and methods they each need to be a good, independent, adult human animal. "A teacher (also called a schoolteacher or formally, an educator) is a person who helps students to acquire knowledge, competence or virtue.” (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teacher) And to teach is "to give someone knowledge or to train someone." (https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/teach)So teachers should be master craftsman of reason and conceptual knowledge in general and in their particular field, and be able to help other people achieve, in whole or in part, that same mastery.. Good teacher training must include:1. logic2. grammar 3. multidisciplinary thinking4. an awareness of the history, biology, and ecology of human lifeWe discuss this in detail in this show. To support the show and help us grow our audience -- so we have more of an impact on education and the culture -- please help us with a donation:1. https://www.patreon.com/reasonrxpodcast 2. https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=SP6QPQKJU4XSS&source=url Also, please consider liking us on your podcast app, and leaving a rational review.And if you find an episode valuable, please share it with parents, teachers, school personnel, friends, and family. Help spread the word, help spread rational ideas for better living. Contact Michael:1. Email: reasonrx@aol.com2. Gold Academy: https://www.goldams.com 3. Total Human Fitness: https://total-human-fitness.comShow notes.1. "Why Have American Education Standards Collapsed?" by Marc Tucker (23 April 2015): https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/opinion-why-have-american-education-standards-collapsed/2015/042. "Across the Board, Scores Drop in Math and Reading for U.S. Students" by Lauren Camera (30 Oct 2019) :https://www.usnews.com/news/education-news/articles/2019-10-30/across-the-board-scores-drop-in-math-and-reading-for-us-students3. "Myth Of The Week: The Declining Quality of Education" by Marianne Stenger (4 Jun 2013)https://www.opencolleges.edu.au/informed/other/the-myth-of-the-declining-quality-of-education/4. Nation's Report Card: https://www.nationsreportcard.gov5. Sample Teacher Training Programsa. Broward College: https://www.broward.edu/academics/education/certification-courses/index.htmlb. University of North Texas: http://catalog.unt.edu/preview_program.php?catoid=24&poid=9975&returnto=2587#c. Missouri State: https://www.missouristate.edu/registrar/catalog/teacher-certification-teacher-education-secondary-ed.htmd. Andrews University: https://www.andrews.edu/sed/tlc/certification/index.html5a. Sample Montessori Programsa. https://www.montessoritrainingusa.com/early-childhoodb. https://www.teach-montessori.org/montessori-training/c. http://www.montessori.edu/info.html6. "The vision of the teacher should be at once precise like that of the scientist, and spiritual like that of the saint. The preparation for science and the preparation for sanctity should form a new soul, for the attitude of the teacher should be at once positive, scientific and spiritual."Positive and scientific, because she has an exact task to perform, and it is necessary that she should put herself into immediate relation with the truth by means of rigorous observation..."Spiritual, because it is to man that his powers of observation are to be applied, and because the characteristics of the creature who is to be his particular subject of observation are spiritual." (Dr. Maria Montessori, 'The Advanced Montessori Method - I', Clio Press Ltd, 107)From: https://montessori-ami.org/resource-library/quotes/montessori-guide7. The Scientist in the Classroom: The Montessori Teacher as ScientistSackett, Ginni, NAMTA Journal, v41 n2 p5-20 Spr 2016"Ginni Sackett shares insights ignited by a presentation given by Professori Raniero Regni in Rome at an AMI International Trainers Meeting. Dr. Regni stated that, 'To go beyond Montessori is to rediscover Montessori. Montessori is waiting for us in the future.' By re-examining Montessori's writings, Sackett traces the subtle ways in which Montessori's scientific pedagogy has gradually become more associated with the teaching profession than with that of scientists, and she urges us to remember Maria's scientific foundations: 'experiment…observation…evidence or proof.' Because we study 'children, not brains' in a prepared environment and because we offer experiences and do not impose experiences, we are uniquely poised to 'help contemporary neuroscience' and contribute to future research. [This paper was presented at the NAMTA conference titled 'A Montessori Integrated Approach to Science, Mathematics, Technology, and the Environment' in Portland, OR, Mar 31-Apr 3, 2016.]"From: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ11122578. “Those who know, do. Those that understand, teach.” ― Aristotle vs. “Those who can, do; those who can’t, teach.” — George Bernard Shaw9. "The ‘Those Who Can’t Do, Teach’ Fallacy" by Strontium: https://medium.com/the-innovation/the-those-who-cant-do-teach-fallacy-8116b0e12de510. John Wooden: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Wooden11. "Education must also train one for quick, resolute and effective thinking. To think incisively and to think for one’s self is very difficult. We are prone to let our mental life become invaded by legions of half truths, prejudices, and propaganda. At this point, I often wonder whether or not education is fulfilling its purpose. A great majority of the so-called educated people do not think logically and scientifically. Even the press, the classroom, the platform, and the pulpit in many instances do not give us objective and unbiased truths. To save man from the morass of propaganda, in my opinion, is one of the chief aims of education. Education must enable one to sift and weigh evidence, to discern the true from the false, the real from the unreal, and the facts from the fiction.” --Martin Luther King, Jr. (From MLK’s 1947 article “The Purpose of Education,” published in the Morehouse College campus newspaper The Maroon Tiger. See: From: https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/king-papers/documents/purpose-education)12. "For their part, Casadevall and Bosch write that science education reform should result in scientists who are: (1) broadly interested, creative and self-directed, as were some scientists in the era of Louis Pasteur, Marie Curie, Albert Einstein, and Linus Pauling; (2) versed in epistemology, sound research conduct and error analysis, according to the "3R" norms of good scientific practice—rigor, responsibility and reproducibility; (3) skilled in reasoning using mathematical, statistical and programming methods and able to tackle logical fallacies." From: https://hub.jhu.edu/2018/01/03/biomedical-science-education-reform-casadevall-bosch/13. "Much of what medical researchers conclude in their studies is misleading, exaggerated, or flat-out wrong. So why are doctors—to a striking extent—still drawing upon misinformation in their everyday practice? Dr. John Ioannidis has spent his career challenging his peers by exposing their bad science.” from "Lies, Damned Lies, and Medical Science” by David Freedman (The Atlantic, Nov 2010). From: https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2010/11/lies-damned-lies-and-medical-science/308269/14. “Few [scientists] are philosophers. Most are intellectual journeyman, exploring locally, hoping for a strike, living for the present." --E.O. Wilson, Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge15. "Judging Books by Their Covers" by Richard FeynmanShort excerpt: “The same thing happened: something would look good at first and then turn out to be horrifying. For example, there was a book that started out with four pictures: first there was a wind-up toy; then there was an automobile; then there was a boy riding a bicycle; then there was something else. And underneath each picture it said, ‘What makes it go?’“I thought, ‘I know what it is: They're going to talk about mechanics, how the springs work inside the toy; about chemistry, how the engine of the automobile works; and biology, about how the muscles work.’“It was the kind of thing my father would have talked about: ‘What makes it go? Everything goes because the sun is shining.’ And then we would have fun discussing it:" ‘No, the toy goes because the spring is wound up,’ I would say.‘How did the spring get wound up?’ he would ask.‘I wound it up.’‘And how did you get moving?’‘From eating.’‘And food grows only because the sun is shining. So it's because the sun is shining that all these things are moving.’ That would get the concept across that motion is simply the transformation of the sun's power."

In this episode, we discuss what logic really is so we can stick to the real, and so we can dismiss the misconceptions and misunderstandings of logic that are common today and avoid the disasters that come with them. We need to know what logic really is so we can better structure and sequence curriculum, as well as education overall, and we need to know what it really is so we can teach more effectively and efficiently, and so we can make it matter. We need to bring in clarity of explanation and love of life.And every human who thinks conceptually needs to know what logic is so they can improve their thinking to improve their life: physically, socially, cognitively, emotionally, and in every way.Show notes.1. Basic steps to get a concept of logic (these are not all: they do not make a comprehensive and exhaustive list, but are essentials; plus, we need to get our own concrete, real examples of all this to make it real and make it knowledge; following an empty formula is neither knowledge nor understanding; we need to do the work to grasp this in each our own minds and by each our own efforts)Experience stuffLearn first wordsLearn language and sentencesLearn that people can be wrong, can err, can make believe, can lie. From this, we learn that we need to ID something real in the world for truthLearn some ideas we learn later than others; some things depend on othersLearn method from algebra, geometry, or suchGeneralize that method to thinking in generalLearn that we have to go through steps to be correct in all reasoningLearn that applies to concepts, definitions, classification, induction, etc.Logic: our means for making sure our concepts and thoughts are logically related to and derived from experience, the evidence of the senses2. In “Aristotle” (http://galileoandeinstein.phys.virginia.edu/lectures/aristot2.html) Dr. Michael Fowler wrote: “To summarize: Aristotle’s philosophy laid out an approach to the investigation of all natural phenomena, to determine form by detailed, systematic work, and thus arrive at final causes. His logical method of argument gave a framework for putting knowledge together, and deducing new results. He created what amounted to a fully-fledged professional scientific enterprise, on a scale comparable to a modern university science department. It must be admitted that some of his work - unfortunately, some of the physics - was not up to his usual high standards. He evidently found falling stones a lot less interesting than living creatures. Yet the sheer scale of his enterprise, unmatched in antiquity and for centuries to come, gave an authority to all his writings.“It is perhaps worth reiterating the difference between Plato and Aristotle, who agreed with each other that the world is the product of rational design, that the philosopher investigates the form and the universal, and that the only true knowledge is that which is irrefutable. The essential difference between them was that Plato felt mathematical reasoning could arrive at the truth with little outside help, but Aristotle believed detailed empirical investigations of nature were essential if progress was to be made in understanding the natural world.”3. In the book Galileo Galilei – When the World Stood Still, Atle Naess wrote:“Galileo’s radical renewal sprang, nevertheless, from the Aristotelian mind set, as it was taught at the Jesuits’ Collegio Romano: human reason has a basic ability to recognize and understand the objects registered by the senses. The objects are real. They have properties that can be perceived, and then ‘further processed’ according to logical rules. These logical concepts are also real (if not in exactly the same way as the physical objects).”4. Galileo wrote: "I should even think that in making the celestial material alterable, I contradict the doctrine of Aristotle much less than do those people who still want to keep the sky inalterable; for I am sure that he never took its inalterability to be as certain as the fact that all human reasoning must be placed second to direct experience."From the Second Letter of Galileo Galilei to Mark Welser on Sunspots, p. 118 of Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo, translated by Stillman Drake, (c) 1957 by Stillman Drake, published by Doubleday Anchor Books, Doubleday & Co., Garden City, New York5. Newton’s Rules of Reasoning in Science“Rule 1 We are to admit no more causes of natural things than such as are both true and sufficient to explain their appearances.“Rule 2 Therefore to the same natural effects we must, as far as possible, assign the same causes.“Rule 3. The qualities of bodies, which admit neither intensification nor remission of degrees, and which are found to belong to all bodies within the reach of our experiments, are to be esteemed the universal qualities of all bodies whatsoever.“Rule 4. In experimental philosophy we are to look upon propositions inferred by general induction from phenomena as accurately or very nearly true, not withstanding any contrary hypothesis that may be imagined, till such time as other phenomena occur, by which they may either be made more accurate, or liable to exceptions.”6. Alan Gotthelf wrote: ”Charles Darwin's famous 1882 letter, in which he remarks that his ‘two gods’, Linnaeus and Cuvier, were ‘mere school‐boys to old Aristotle’, has been thought to be only an extravagantly worded gesture of politeness. However, a close examination of this and other Darwin letters, and of references to Aristotle in Darwin's earlier work, shows that the famous letter was written several weeks after a first, polite letter of thanks, and was carefully formulated and literally meant. Indeed, it reflected an authentic, and substantial, increase in Darwin's already high respect for Aristotle, as certain documents show. It may also have reflected some real insight on Darwin's part into the teleological aspect of Aristotle's thought, more insight than Ogle himself had achieved, as a portion of their correspondence reveals." (from: https://oxford.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199287956.001.0001/acprof-9780199287956-chapter-15)7. Martyn Shuttleworth wrote: "Aristotle's zoology earns him the title of the father of biology, because of his systematic approach to classification and his use of physiology to uncover relationships between animals. He influenced Theophrastes and, whilst other Greeks and later Roman philosophers contributed, these three can lay claim to being at the starting point of the history of biology.”And: "Aristotle's' zoology and the classification of species was his greatest contribution to the history of biology, the first known attempt to classify animals into groups according to their behavior and, most importantly, by the similarities and differences between their physiologies. Using observation and dissection, he categorized species. Although his broad classifications seem strange to modern zoologists, considering the limited equipment and store of knowledge he had access to, Aristotle's zoology stands as a tribute to his systematic methods and empirical approach to acquiring knowledge." (from: hhttps://explorable.com/aristotles-zoology)8. Michael Boylan wrote: "What is most important in Aristotle’s accomplishments is his combination of keen observations with a critical scientific method that employs his systematic categories to solve problems in biology and then link these to other issues in human life.” (From "Aristotle: Biology" on the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, https://www.iep.utm.edu/aris-bio/)9. In "The Lagoon: How Aristotle invented science by Armand Marie Leroi – review" (https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/oct/02/the-lagoon-armand-marie-leroi-aristotle-review) Henry Gee wrote: Excerpt 1. "The Greeks are famous, perhaps notorious, for casting their science whole, from first principles, without troubling to examine the natural world it sought to explain. But Aristotle changed everything, providing lengthy accounts of fish and fowl, their lives, courtships, kinds, anatomies, functions, distribution and habits. They were often erroneous, but what sets Aristotle apart is his workmanlike attitude. One gets the impression of a practical man, given to neither the remote and crystalline idealism of his predecessors, nor the flights of fancy of later natural historians such as Pliny the Elder."Excerpt 2. "Darwin knew almost nothing of Aristotle until 1882, when William Ogle, physician and classicist, sent him a copy of The Parts of Animals he'd just translated. In his note of thanks, Darwin wrote: 'From quotations which I had seen I had a high notion of Aristotle's merits, but I had not the most remote notion of what a wonderful man he was. Linnaeus and Cuvier have been my two gods, though in very different ways, but they were mere schoolboys to old Aristotle.' “10. James Lennox wrote: "Aristotle is properly recognized as the originator of the scientific study of life. ...Aristotle was able to accomplish what he did in biology because he had given a great deal of thought to the nature of scientific inquiry. ... The goal of inquiry, he argued, was a system of concepts and propositions organized hierarchically, ultimately resting on knowledge of the essential natures of the objects of study and certain other necessary first principles."Image from Wikipedia.

Experienced engineer Hannes Hacker joins us to discuss:-the importance of logic and thinking skills to engineering-what induction is-some examples of using induction in engineering-how induction is related to deduction-the importance of clear, defined language and concepts-some tragic examples of what happens without clearly defined language-how engineering education could and should improve-and moreAbout Hannes: "I have almost thirty years of professional experience in space mission systems engineering with emphasis in flight dynamics, attitude control subsystems, and mission operations. This experience spans the entire spacecraft program lifespan from proposal writing through spaceflight operations. I have worked on the Space Shuttle, International Space Station, Iridium communications constellation, various Geostationary communications satellites, micro satellites for the Department of Defense, and the Dream Chaser space plane. I currently work for the Globalstar communications constellation. I have a bachelor of science degree in aerospace engineering from the University of Notre Dame and a master of science in aerospace engineering from the University of Texas at Austin."To support the show and help us grow our audience -- so we have more of an impact on education and the culture -- please help us with a donation:1. https://www.patreon.com/reasonrxpodcast 2. https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=SP6QPQKJU4XSS&source=url Also, please consider liking us on your podcast app, and leaving a rational review.And if you find an episode valuable, please share it with parents, teachers, school personnel, friends, and family. Help spread the word, help spread rational ideas for better living. Contact Michael:1. Email: reasonrx@aol.com2. Gold Academy: https://www.goldams.com 3. Total Human Fitness: https://total-human-fitness.com4. Cypress Creek Ecological Restoration Project: https://ccerp.org5. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/ 6. Twitter/Instagram: EpistemeRxShow notes.1. Science is the inductive, integrated understanding of the nature of things and their cause-effect relationships. 2. Engineering is "the art or science of making practical application of the knowledge of pure sciences, as physics or chemistry, as in the construction of engines, bridges, buildings, mines, ships, and chemical plants." (https://www.dictionary.com/browse/engineering)3. Inductiona. A generalization/induction is a universal statement true, regardless of time or place, of all things of a specific kind in a specific context.b. Rules of induction.1. Find concretes/particulars that are numerous and varied2. (looking for disconfirming (as well as confirming) instances)3. in contrast to other things in a context,4. then form a statement about all things of the kind: a statement about their nature, or a statement about what they do or how they behave,5. making sure there is a causal link involved.6. Then, to check the logic of your statement (your generalization):a. identify the context of your generalization.b. identify the hierarchical structure of your generalization (trace the induction back through other inductions, ideas, and concepts back to the evidence of the senses)4. Deduction is the mental process of applying a universal statement to a particular thing, a less general statement, or a statement of the same "level of generality."5. Tacoma Narrows Bridge Collapse "Gallopin' Gertie" (some videos showing the event, some discussing it).a. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=esfpcnQW6qsb. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-zczJXSxnwc. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mXTSnZgrfxMd. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1lX0UHdaPpge. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lXyG68_caV46. Octave Chanutea. https://disciplesofflight.com/octave-chanute/b. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octave_Chanutec. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Octave-Chanuted. https://www.nationalaviation.org/our-enshrinees/chanute-octave/7. Temperature vs. Number of Pirates: https://churchoftheflyingspaghettimonsteraustralia.files.wordpress.com/2013/12/pchart1.jpg8. Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster, or Pastafarianisma. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flying_Spaghetti_Monsterb. http://spaghettimonster.com/pastafarianism/9. Tenerife Airport Disaster ( KLM Flight 4805 and Pan Am Flight 1736)a. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife_airport_disasterb. https://www.historynet.com/disaster-on-tenerife-historys-worst-airline-accident.htm10. Words/concepts/languagea. A concept (aka a word) is a unit of knowledge formed by abstraction from two or more things that are the same in some way (in contrast to other similar things) and that stores everything we know about things of a kind.b. Some rules for forming concepts:1. Get some things in a context, 2. finding out how they are similar 3. by contrasting them with related things,4. and thus making your idea/concept.5. Sketch out the prior concepts necessary to know the concept.6. Formulate a defintion. 11. Definitionsa. A definition is a statement of the essence of a thingb. Rules of definition1. a good definition should have a genus and a differentia2. a good definition should state the essence of a thing12. Antoine-Laurent Lavoisiera. https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/lavoisier.htmlb. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisierc. https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/antoine-laurent-lavoisier13. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunologya. "Science students learned the facts of their specific field without understanding how science should work in order to draw true conclusions." --David Epstein, Range: How Generalists Triumph in a Specialized Worldb. "Part of the problem, [Arturo Casadevall] argued, is that young scientists are rushed to specialize before they learn how to think. They end up unable to produce good work themselves and unequipped to spot bad or fraudulent work by their colleagues.” — David Epstein, Range: How Generalists Triumph in a Specialized Worldc. "But educators at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health assert that memorization alone does not a scientist make — above all, students must be critical, creative thinkers who are honest and responsible with data. In order to train scientists as critical thinkers, the R3 Graduate Science Initiative was recently created in the Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology (MMI), led by director Gundula Bosch, Ph.D." (from: https://biomedicalodyssey.blogs.hopkinsmedicine.org/2018/03/revolutionizing-with-r3-a-new-ph-d-program-seeks-to-train-scientists-as-critical-thinkers/)d. "For their part, Casadevall and Bosch write that science education reform should result in scientists who are: (1) broadly interested, creative and self-directed, as were some scientists in the era of Louis Pasteur, Marie Curie, Albert Einstein, and Linus Pauling; (2) versed in epistemology, sound research conduct and error analysis, according to the "3R" norms of good scientific practice—rigor, responsibility and reproducibility; (3) skilled in reasoning using mathematical, statistical and programming methods and able to tackle logical fallacies." (from: https://hub.jhu.edu/2018/01/03/biomedical-science-education-reform-casadevall-bosch/)14. "Quantum Experiment Suggests There Is No Objective Reality" (MIT Tech Review, MIT Technology Review March 13, 2019a. https://www.technologyreview.com/2019/03/12/136684/a-quantum-experiment-suggests-theres-no-such-thing-as-objective-reality/b. https://www.realclearscience.com/2019/03/13/quantum_experiment_suggests_there_is_no_objective_reality_285107.htmlc. https://phys.org/news/2019-11-quantum-physics-reality-doesnt.html15, Educationa. Education is “the systematic training of the conceptual faculty by means of supplying in essentials both its content and its method.” --Philosopher Dr. Leonard Peikoffb. "Education must also train one for quick, resolute and effective thinking. To think incisively and to think for one’s self is very difficult. We are prone to let our mental life become invaded by legions of half truths, prejudices, and propaganda. At this point, I often wonder whether or not education is fulfilling its purpose. A great majority of the so-called educated people do not think logically and scientifically. Even the press, the classroom, the platform, and the pulpit in many instances do not give us objective and unbiased truths. To save man from the morass of propaganda, in my opinion, is one of the chief aims of education. Education must enable one to sift and weigh evidence, to discern the true from the false, the real from the unreal, and the facts from the fiction.” --Martin Luther King, Jr.c. "The present system does not give elasticity to the mind. It casts the brain into a mold. It insists that the child must accept. It does not encourage original thought or reasoning, and it lays more stress on memory than on observation. The result of accepting unrelated facts is the fostering of conservatism [in thinking]. It breeds fear, and from fear comes ignorance.” --Thomas Edison16. Dr. Leonard Peikoffa. Philosophy of Educationhttps://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqsoWxJ-qmMuBX7zBP-x-PlTBjsapUAlub. Introduction to Logichttps://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqsoWxJ-qmMtr7i6D_yvSpPC-hTOzdWasc. The Art of Thinkinghttps://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqsoWxJ-qmMvupo-OGr21AUS9nv3COQRwd. Induction in Physics and Philosophyhttps://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqsoWxJ-qmMvgyTXdOjsdszOZ3ppFJAnpBio and picture courtesy Hannes Hacker.

In this episode, Brad joins us to discuss:-his background-human nature and human health -why exercise is important-his experience in athletics and what he learned from it-how to train smart-overcoming your fears, and being real and pure-and moreAbout Brad: "Decades removed from the pro triathlon circuit, where I was 2x national champion and ranked #3 in the world in 1991, I've turned my attention to broader fitness goals aligned with longevity. In 2018, I broke the Guinness World Record for the fastest single hole of golf ever played, sprinting a 503-yard par 5 in 1 minute, 38 seconds and making a birdie 4!"I'm currently in devoted training for my longtime passion of high jumping. In 2020, I'm ranked #1 in the USA and #3 in the world for Masters Track&Field age 55-59 high jump with this 5'0" (1.52m) clearance. I'm trying to raise the bar in life and this endeavor requires so many complex skills of speed/power/explosiveness, incredible flexibility to bend over the bar, endurance for tough and varied workouts. I'm certain I can go much higher than 5'0" when the meets are back on, but it's a nice achievement of attrition since not many 50+ guys can jump or bend anymore."More about Brad: https://www.bradkearns.com/about/Brad's biography/life story: https://www.bradkearns.com/meet-brad/Brad's Website: https://www.bradkearns.comBrad's Podcast "Get Over Yourself:" https://www.bradkearns.com/getoveryourself/Brad's books: https://www.amazon.com/Brad-Kearns/e/B001ITTG5C?ref=sr_ntt_srch_lnk_1&qid=1582579962&sr=8-1To support the show and help us grow our audience -- so we have more of an impact on education and the culture -- please help us with a donation:1. https://www.patreon.com/reasonrxpodcast 2. https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=SP6QPQKJU4XSS&source=url Also, please consider liking us on your podcast app, and leaving a rational review.And if you find an episode valuable, please share it with parents, teachers, school personnel, friends, and family. Help spread the word, help spread rational ideas for better living. Contact Michael:1. reasonrxpodcast@aol.com2. http://www.goldams.com 3. https://www.facebook.com/EpistemeRx/4. https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/Show notes. 1. Brad's Podcast "Get Over Yourself:" https://www.bradkearns.com/getoveryourself/2. Brad's Speedgolf Guinness World Recorda. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Sys0r6Jvn8b. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OM6YlL3NmjE3. Brad Kearns: Age 55 High Jump 5'0" (1.52m)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KDj6HEpf2YM4. Spark: The Revolutionary New Science of Exercise and the Brain by John J. Ratey MDhttps://www.amazon.com/Spark-Revolutionary-Science-Exercise-Brain/dp/03161135145. Podcast interviews of Dr. Ratey. a. https://brainsciencepodcast.com/bsp/exercise-and-the-brain-bsp-33.htmlb. https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/43-john-ratey-on-the-power-of-exercise-for-the-brain/id1434948381?i=1000444019457c. https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/dr-john-ratey-on-revolutionary-new-science-exercise/id1381332747?i=10004441413776. Vitamin D3a. "More than 80 per cent of hospitalized COVID-19 patients had vitamin D deficiency: study" by Jackie Dunham (CTVNews.ca)https://www.ctvnews.ca/mobile/health/more-than-80-per-cent-of-hospitalized-covid-19-patients-had-vitamin-d-deficiency-study-1.5162396?fbclid=IwAR1jJ409HM0IkuGOqNFpXMoR-WJ8K1sAE2-TQz8mSfCoHHQvn-xpZVfflmUb. “Effect of calcifediol treatment and best available therapy versus best available therapy on intensive care unit admission and mortality among patients hospitalized for COVID-19: A pilot randomized clinical study” by Marta Entrenas Castillo, Luis Manuel Entrenas Costa, José Manuel Vaquero Barrios, et. al.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960076020302764c. Some detail about how Vitamin D is made (started, that is) in the skin.http://www.uvguide.co.uk/vitdpathway.htm?fbclid=IwAR11Xp1Rkq-8NkjazHH0hwU5vATkGyZ4oLOAwp3xL77wmX55xAJ9oyaItr8d. "The weird history of vitamin D — and what it actually has to do with sun" by Leigh Cowarthttps://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2016/05/12/the-weird-history-of-vitamin-d-and-what-it-actually-has-to-do-with-sun/e. "What is the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the US?" by Vin Tangpricha, MD, PhD (Medscape, Updated: Dec 15, 2020)https://www.medscape.com/answers/128762-54281/what-is-the-prevalence-of-vitamin-d-deficiency-in-the-usf. "Vitamin D Status: United States, 2001–2006" by Anne C. Looker, Ph.D.; Clifford L. Johnson, M.P.H; et. al. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db59.pdfg. "Vitamin D deficiency soars in the U.S., study says" by Jordan Lite (Scientific American, March 23, 2009)https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/vitamin-d-deficiency-united-states/7. Cytokine storma. https://www.physiciansweekly.com/cytokine-storm-the-sudden-crash-in-patients-with-covid-19/b. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMra2026131c, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytokine8. Vaccines and Sleepa. "Sleep Affects Potency of Vaccines" By Elizabeth Fernandez (UCSF, August 1, 2012)https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2012/08/12458/sleep-affects-potency-vaccinesb. "Can Better Sleep Mean Catching Fewer Colds?" by Denise Mannhttps://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/features/immune-system-lack-of-sleepc. "Want to reduce your COVID-19 risk? You need to sleep more." by Emily Sohnhttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/10/sleep-more-reduce-coronavirus-risk/d. "Why you shouldn’t be sleep-deprived before getting a flu shot" by Nancy Clanton (The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, Oct 21, 2020)https://www.ajc.com/life/why-you-shouldnt-be-sleep-deprived-before-getting-a-flu-shot/ZZNNHFDYLJCYTOPPZBJBRMFSBE/9. Scott Dawley: http://www.scottdawley.com10. Katy Bowmana. website: https://www.nutritiousmovement.comb. her books: https://www.nutritiousmovement.com/the-books-ive-written/c. podcasts: https://www.nutritiousmovement.com/category/podcast-transcripts/d. books on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/Katy-Bowman/e/B0057HLJY211. Sleepa "America's biggest problem" | Kirk Parsley | TEDxReno: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7s9C_8-OoxIParsley is a medical doctor, ex-Navy SEAL, and doctor to Navy SEALs. b. "Why Sleep Matters" | Matthew Walker | Talks at Google: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c1yGw_hfEfkc. "The Rhythms of Life: What your body clock means to you from eye disease to jet lag” by Professor Russell Foster of Oxford University: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pp6rfOr_LRgd. "Secrets of Sleep Science: From Dreams to Disorders" by Craig H. Heller: https://www.amazon.com/Secrets-Sleep-Science-Dreams-Disorders/dp/B00DTO4G2C/e. the BBC Documentary "The Secret Life of Your Bodyclock Horizon" is good.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9zVsvZjD5DMf. Impact of School Start Time on Teen Sleep Need | Julie Dahl | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y4X1i683MIMg. Sleepy teens: A public health epidemic | Wendy Troxel | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G0Zj_InJ4BQPicture and bio courtesy Brad Kearns.

In this episode, humor theorist Chris Land joins us in a first discussion of what humor is, what you can learn from the art and science, and how you can use it to teach and learn better. You can learn more on Chris' website Why Funny is Funny: https://whyfunnyisfunny.comTo support the show and help us grow our audience -- so we have more of an impact on education and the culture -- please help us with a donation:1. https://www.patreon.com/reasonrxpodcast 2. https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=SP6QPQKJU4XSS&source=url Also, please consider liking us on your podcast app, and leaving a rational review.And if you find an episode valuable, please share it with parents, teachers, school personnel, friends, and family. Help spread the word, help spread rational ideas for better living. Contact Michael:1. reasonrxpodcast@aol.com2. http://www.goldams.com 3. https://www.facebook.com/EpistemeRx/4. https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/Show notes. 1. Chris' "cheat sheet" that he discussed in the episode: https://whyfunnyisfunny.com/clash-theory-humor-model-2/2. Humora. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humourb. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/basics/humorc. "the mental faculty of discovering, expressing, or appreciating the ludicrous or absurdly incongruous : the ability to be funny or to be amused by things that are funny" (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/humor)d. "a comic, absurd, or incongruous quality causing amusement" (https://www.dictionary.com/browse/humor)3. Comedya. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comedyb. "humorous entertainment" (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/comedy)c. "a play, movie, etc., of light and humorous character with a happy or cheerful ending; a dramatic work in which the central motif is the triumph over adverse circumstance, resulting in a successful or happy conclusion." (https://www.dictionary.com/browse/comedy?s=t)4. Humor in education (a little here to get you started, if you are interested)a. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/education/training-and-events/education-competencies/humor.aspxb. https://www.apa.org/ed/precollege/ptn/2018/02/humor-college-classroomc. https://www.psychologicalscience.org/observer/engaging-students-with-humord. https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/2916105-using-humor-to-maximize-learninge. https://www.apa.org/monitor/jun06/learningf. https://www.thewellnessnetwork.net/health-news-and-insights/blog/humor-teaching-tool/g. https://www.edutopia.org/blog/laughter-learning-humor-boosts-retention-sarah-hendersonBio and picture courtesy Chris Land.

Mother and daughter Gail Paquette and Kira Withrow join us to discuss what education is, what good teaching is, the state of modern education, and why one might homeschool. After telling us about their backgrounds, they discuss the culture in general and their experiences homeschooling in the 1990s. About Gail: "Gail Paquette was a homeschooling mom in the 90's when the internet was in its infancy. She holds an MBA and worked in business development settings before starting a family. Homeschooling her two daughters eventually led to an early website (there were not many websites back then!), conference speaking, and a home-based school for other families' children. HomeTaught School in Austin, TX lasted for 5 years (1997-2002) before an opportunity to work for a CEO of a multi-state private school system in Salt Lake City, UT presented itself. Gail relocated to Challenger School's headquarters to work as a staff writer & editor, curriculum reviewer, and teacher trainer. Later she held roles as a Sr. Instructional Designer for American Express, and the Manager of Training at Intermountain Healthcare - the largest healthcare system in Utah."Gail is a life-long learner and teacher at heart. She left corporate training in mid 2017 to apply her teaching skill to fitness as a Personal Trainer, and today she owns the Fit2Flourish Studio in Park City, UT. She works with all ages and body types, young and "active agers" who enjoy the wealth of recreational activities inherent in mountain life." Contact GailFit2Flourish Pilates & Personal Training, Park CityGail Paquette, CPT-ACE, STOTT Pilates InstructorFollow on FB: Fit2FlourishPC Fit2FlourishPC@gmail.com 801-897-2072FB url: https://www.facebook.com/ParkCityFit/ Contact KiraWebsite: https://atlas-tutoring.business.site/To support the show and help us grow our audience -- so we have more of an impact on education and the culture -- please help us with a donation:1. https://www.patreon.com/reasonrxpodcast 2. https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=SP6QPQKJU4XSS&source=url Also, please consider liking us on your podcast app, and leaving a rational review.And if you find an episode valuable, please share it with parents, teachers, school personnel, friends, and family. Help spread the word, help spread rational ideas for better living. Contact Michael:1. reasonrxpodcast@aol.com2. http://www.goldams.com 3. https://www.facebook.com/EpistemeRx/4. https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-gold-2883921/Show notes.1. Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World by David Epsteinhttps://www.amazon.com/Range-Generalists-Triumph-Specialized-World/dp/07352144842. Johns Hopkins Universitya. "Science students learned the facts of their specific field without understanding how science should work in order to draw true conclusions." --David Epstein, Range: How Generalists Triumph in a Specialized Worldb. "Part of the problem, [Arturo Casadevall] argued, is that young scientists are rushed to specialize before they learn how to think. They end up unable to produce good work themselves and unequipped to spot bad or fraudulent work by their colleagues.” — David Epstein, Range: How Generalists Triumph in a Specialized Worldc. "But educators at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health assert that memorization alone does not a scientist make — above all, students must be critical, creative thinkers who are honest and responsible with data. In order to train scientists as critical thinkers, the R3 Graduate Science Initiative was recently created in the Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology (MMI), led by director Gundula Bosch, Ph.D." (from: https://biomedicalodyssey.blogs.hopkinsmedicine.org/2018/03/revolutionizing-with-r3-a-new-ph-d-program-seeks-to-train-scientists-as-critical-thinkers/)d. "For their part, Casadevall and Bosch write that science education reform should result in scientists who are: (1) broadly interested, creative and self-directed, as were some scientists in the era of Louis Pasteur, Marie Curie, Albert Einstein, and Linus Pauling; (2) versed in epistemology, sound research conduct and error analysis, according to the "3R" norms of good scientific practice—rigor, responsibility and reproducibility; (3) skilled in reasoning using mathematical, statistical and programming methods and able to tackle logical fallacies." (from: https://hub.jhu.edu/2018/01/03/biomedical-science-education-reform-casadevall-bosch/)3. "A human being should be able to change a diaper, plan an invasion, butcher a hog, conn a ship, design a building, write a sonnet, balance accounts, build a wall, set a bone, comfort the dying, take orders, give orders, cooperate, act alone, solve equations, analyze a new problem, pitch manure, program a computer, cook a tasty meal, fight efficiently, die gallantly. Specialization is for insects.” ― Robert A. Heinlein. (from https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/12051-a-human-being-should-be-able-to-change-a-diaper)4. On being "interdisciplinary," the famous basketball coach John Wooden (UCLA) was also an English teacher. a. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Woodenb. https://www.espn.com/classic/biography/s/Wooden_John.htmlc. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Woodend. http://www.coachwooden.com5. Socratic methoda. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socratic_methodb. https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-the-socratic-method-2154875c. https://tomprof.stanford.edu/posting/8106. Diderot a. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Diderotb. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/diderot/Pictures and bios courtesy Gail Paquette and Kira Withrow.