5 questions to ask when your product stops growing | Jason Cohen (2x unicorn founder)
Digest
This episode delves into the critical issue of stalled product growth, offering a comprehensive framework for founders to diagnose and address the problem. It begins by emphasizing customer churn as a primary indicator of stalled growth, explaining how high churn rates create a ceiling for expansion. The discussion then moves to pricing and positioning strategies, highlighting how incorrect pricing can attract the wrong customer segment and how strategic positioning can significantly impact perceived value. The importance of Net Revenue Retention (NRR) is explored, underscoring its role in offsetting churn and driving sustainable growth in SaaS businesses. The episode also examines marketing channel saturation, using the "elephant curve" analogy to illustrate the natural decline of channels and the necessity of exploring new growth avenues. Finally, it prompts a philosophical debate on the inherent need for growth, suggesting that profit maximization or stasis can be valid alternatives. Practical insights on improving onboarding, analyzing churn effectively, and leveraging customer referrals are also provided.
Outlines

Understanding Stalled Product Growth and Customer Churn
Founders often face stalled growth after initial success. This episode introduces a framework to diagnose and address this, starting with the critical issue of customer churn. High churn rates prevent growth and can damage reputation, acting as a significant barrier to expansion.

Diagnosing Churn and Optimizing Pricing
The first step in diagnosing stalled growth is analyzing customer churn. Digging deeper than superficial reasons for cancellation is crucial. The episode also explores how pricing is often too low due to guesswork and how strategic pricing and positioning can attract a more valuable market segment and increase perceived value.

Net Revenue Retention (NRR) and Customer Value
Net Revenue Retention (NRR) measures revenue growth from existing customers through upgrades and cross-sells, vital for offsetting churn. Focusing on increasing customer-perceived value is key to driving NRR. Strategies like "land and expand" are discussed in relation to NRR.

Marketing Channel Saturation and New Growth Avenues
The conversation shifts to addressing stalled growth by examining marketing channel saturation and decline, using the "elephant curve" analogy. It emphasizes the need to explore new growth channels when existing ones become saturated and provides examples of creative channel expansion.

New Products, Markets, and the Necessity of Growth
The possibility of launching new products or entering new markets is discussed as a strategy for growth. The episode also critically re-evaluates the universal need for growth, questioning whether continuous expansion is always the primary goal and exploring alternatives like profit maximization.

AI, AB Testing, and Hidden Multipliers
This section covers AI data analysis with Gemini, discusses the limitations of A/B testing for strategic decisions, and introduces the concept of "Hidden Multipliers" – small actions with significant impact.

Lightning Round: Recommendations and Insights
A rapid-fire segment featuring book recommendations, favorite TV shows, product discoveries, life mottos, and the story behind an award, offering diverse insights and personal recommendations.
Keywords
Stalled Growth
A situation where a product or company experiences a significant slowdown or cessation of growth after an initial period of success. This can be due to market saturation, increased competition, changing customer needs, or internal issues. Addressing stalled growth requires diagnosing the root causes and implementing strategic changes.
Customer Churn
The rate at which customers stop doing business with a company over a given period. High churn indicates dissatisfaction, product-market fit issues, or competitive pressures. Reducing churn is critical for sustainable growth and profitability.
Logo Churn
A metric representing the percentage of customers who cancel their subscriptions or stop using a service within a specific timeframe. It focuses on the number of customer accounts lost, regardless of their revenue contribution.
Pricing Strategy
The method and approach a company uses to set prices for its products or services. Effective pricing strategies consider market value, customer perception, competitive landscape, and business goals to maximize revenue and profitability.
Market Positioning
The process of establishing a distinct image or identity for a product or brand in the minds of the target audience. It involves highlighting unique benefits and differentiating from competitors to appeal to specific customer needs and preferences.
Marketing Channels
The various platforms and methods used to promote and sell products or services. This includes digital channels (social media, SEO, PPC) and traditional channels (print, broadcast). Understanding channel saturation is key to effective marketing.
Net Revenue Retention (NRR)
A key SaaS metric measuring the change in recurring revenue from existing customers over a period, accounting for upgrades, downgrades, and churn. An NRR above 100% indicates growth from the existing customer base.
Onboarding
The process of introducing new customers to a product or service, guiding them through initial setup and usage to ensure they understand its value and can achieve their desired outcomes. Effective onboarding is crucial for reducing churn and increasing retention.
Elephant Curve
A concept describing the lifecycle of marketing channels, where initial growth (the trunk) is followed by a plateau and then a decline (the sagging butt). It illustrates that channels are not sustainable indefinitely and eventually diminish in effectiveness.
Hidden Multipliers
Small, often overlooked actions or decisions that can have a disproportionately large positive impact on a business's revenue or profit. The concept emphasizes identifying and leveraging these subtle yet powerful growth levers.
Q&A
What is the primary reason for stalled product growth?
Stalled growth often stems from customer churn. If customers are leaving faster than new ones are acquired, growth will inevitably slow down or halt, regardless of marketing efforts.
How can companies diagnose the root cause of customer churn?
Companies should move beyond superficial reasons like "too expensive." By asking "What made you cancel?" and digging deeper into the underlying issues, they can uncover product failures or unmet expectations.
Why is pricing often too low for new companies?
New companies frequently guess at pricing or simply match competitors. This leads to prices being too low, which can attract the wrong market segment and limit perceived value, hindering growth.
What is Net Revenue Retention (NRR) and why is it important?
NRR measures revenue growth from existing customers through upgrades and expansion. It's crucial for SaaS companies as it directly offsets churn and is a key indicator of sustainable growth and long-term success.
How can companies improve Net Revenue Retention (NRR)?
NRR can be improved by focusing on increasing the value customers receive from the product. This involves adding features, offering different tiers, or adjusting pricing structures to align with the value delivered.
What is the "leaky bucket" metaphor in relation to growth?
The leaky bucket metaphor illustrates that if the rate of water leaking out (churn) is higher than the rate of water being added (new customers), the bucket will never fill. In business, this means churn can overpower growth efforts.
Why is focusing on onboarding critical for reducing churn?
Effective onboarding helps new customers quickly understand and experience the value of a product. This early success significantly increases the likelihood of long-term retention and reduces the chances of early cancellation.
How does pricing influence the market segment a company attracts?
Pricing acts as a filter. Low prices might attract customers who don't perceive high value or have limited budgets, while appropriate pricing can attract customers who recognize and are willing to pay for the value offered.
What is the significance of "land and expand" strategies in SaaS?
"Land and expand" involves acquiring customers with a lower initial price and then upselling or cross-selling to increase revenue over time. This strategy is directly linked to achieving positive NRR.
Why is it important to differentiate between "saving money" and "driving growth" in product positioning?
Positioning a product as a driver of growth allows for higher perceived value and pricing potential compared to positioning it solely for cost savings or efficiency, which can cap perceived value.
What is the "elephant curve" and how does it relate to marketing channels?
The "elephant curve" describes how marketing channels initially experience rapid growth (the trunk), then plateau, and eventually decline (the sagging butt). This illustrates that channels are not sustainable long-term and their effectiveness diminishes over time due to factors like audience saturation.
Why is A/B testing often considered ineffective for important business decisions?
A/B testing is often ineffective for strategic decisions because it cannot test core elements like vision or market viability. Furthermore, mundane A/B tests frequently produce false positives due to statistical inaccuracies in the tools, leading to wasted effort and misleading results.
What is the core message of the "Hidden Multipliers" book?
"Hidden Multipliers" focuses on identifying small, impactful actions or decisions that can significantly boost revenue or profit. It aims to help businesses uncover these often-overlooked growth levers, whether through better pricing, improved onboarding, or reduced churn.
What is the significance of the question "Do you need to grow?"
This question challenges the conventional wisdom that growth is always the ultimate goal. It prompts consideration of alternatives like maximizing profit, achieving stasis, or prioritizing personal fulfillment, especially for bootstrapped companies or individuals.
How can AI, specifically Gemini, be useful for data analysis?
AI tools like Gemini can effectively convert visual data, such as charts, into usable tables for spreadsheets. This simplifies data extraction and analysis, enabling individuals to test theories and utilize real-world data more readily in their work.
Show Notes
Jason Cohen is a four-time founder (including two unicorns, one being WP Engine) and an investor in over 60 startups, and has been sharing his lessons on company building at A Smart Bear for nearly 20 years. In this episode, Jason shares his methodical five-step framework for diagnosing stalled growth—a problem that faces almost every team.
We discuss:
1. Jason’s five-step framework: logo retention, pricing, NRR, marketing channels, target market
2. A small tweak that’ll double response rates on your cancellation surveys
3. Why “it’s too expensive” is almost never the real reason customers cancel
4. The “elephant curve” of growth
5. How repositioning the same product can increase revenue 8x
6. When to reconsider if growth is even the right goal for your business
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Brought to you by:
10Web—Vibe coding platform as an API
Strella—The AI-powered customer research platform
Brex—The banking solution for startups
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Episode transcript: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/why-your-product-stopped-growing
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Archive of all Lenny's Podcast transcripts: https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fo/yxi4s2w998p1gvtpu4193/AMdNPR8AOw0lMklwtnC0TrQ?rlkey=j06x0nipoti519e0xgm23zsn9&st=ahz0fj11&dl=0
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Where to find Jason Cohen:
• Preorder Jason’s book: https://preorder.hiddenmultipliers.com/
• LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jasoncohen
• Blog: https://longform.asmartbear.com
• Website: https://wpengine.com
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Where to find Lenny:
• Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com
• X: https://twitter.com/lennysan
• LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/
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In this episode, we cover:
(00:00 ) Introduction to Jason Cohen
(05:19 ) Jason’s writing journey
(08:25 ) Questions to ask when your product stops growing
(18:17 ) Getting real customer feedback
(20:27 ) Analyzing cancellation reasons
(26:54 ) Onboarding and activation
(29:35 ) Quick summary
(35:46 ) Revisiting pricing strategies
(41:46 ) Positioning strategies
(47:52 ) Why pricing is inseparable from your strategy
(52:06 ) The importance of net revenue retention (NRR)
(01:00:25 ) Asking whether or not this is good for the customer
(01:04:34 ) Leveraging existing customers
(01:06:42 ) Are your acquisition channels saturated? The “elephant curve”
(1:09:41 ) Why all marketing channels eventually decline
(01:12:04 ) Direct vs. indirect marketing channels
(1:13:36 ) Getting creative with new channels
(01:19:04 ) Do you actually need to grow?
(01:25:57 ) Deciding when to quit
(01:29:27 ) Book announcement
(01:33:21 ) AI corner
(01:34:35 ) Contrarian corner
(01:37:43 ) Lightning round and final thoughts
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Referenced:
• Tyler Cowen’s website: https://tylercowen.com
• How to Perform a Customer Churn Analysis (and Why You Should): https://www.groovehq.com/blog/learn-from-customer-churn
• Linear: https://linear.app
• Jira: https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira
• Patrick Campbell’s post on X about pricing: https://x.com/Patticus/status/1702313260547006942
• The art and science of pricing | Madhavan Ramanujam (Monetizing Innovation, Simon-Kucher): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/the-art-and-science-of-pricing-madhavan
• Pricing your AI product: Lessons from 400+ companies and 50 unicorns | Madhavan Ramanujam: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/pricing-and-scaling-your-ai-product-madhavan-ramanujam
• Pricing your SaaS product: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/saas-pricing-strategy
• M&A, competition, pricing, and investing | Julia Schottenstein (dbt Labs): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/m-and-a-competition-pricing-and-investing
• “Sell the alpha, not the feature”: The enterprise sales playbook for $1M to $10M ARR | Jen Abel: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/the-enterprise-sales-playbook-1m-to-10m-arr
• Buffer: https://buffer.com
• AG1: https://drinkag1.com
• How to find hidden growth opportunities in your product | Albert Cheng (Duolingo, Grammarly, Chess.com): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/how-to-find-hidden-growth-opportunities-albert-cheng
• How Duolingo reignited user growth: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/how-duolingo-reignited-user-growth
• The Elephant in the room: The myth of exponential hypergrowth: https://longform.asmartbear.com/exponential-growth
• HubSpot: https://www.hubspot.com
• Zigging vs. zagging: How HubSpot built a $30B company | Dharmesh Shah (co-founder/CTO): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/lessons-from-30-years-of-building
• Adjacency Matrix: How to expand after PMF: https://longform.asmartbear.com/adjacency/
• Ecosystem is the next big growth channel: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/ecosystem-is-the-next-big-growth
• ChatGPT apps are about to be the next big distribution channel: Here’s how to build one: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/chatgpt-apps-are-about-to-be-the
• 10 contrarian leadership truths every leader needs to hear | Matt MacInnis (Rippling): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/10-contrarian-leadership-truths
• Breaking the rules of growth: Why Shopify bans KPIs, optimizes for churn, prioritizes intuition, and builds toward a 100-year vision | Archie Abrams (VP Product, Head of Growth at Shopify): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/shopifys-growth-archie-abrams
• Geoffrey Moore on finding your beachhead, crossing the chasm, and dominating a market: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/geoffrey-moore-on-finding-your-beachhead
• ER on Prime Video: https://www.amazon.com/ER-Season-1/dp/B0FWK5WJQ4
• The Pitt on Prime Video: https://www.amazon.com/The-Pitt-Season-1/dp/B0DNRR8QWD
• Wispr Flow: https://wisprflow.ai
• Anker: https://www.anker.com
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Recommended books:
• Will: https://www.amazon.com/Will-Smith/dp/1984877925
• Monetizing Innovation: How Smart Companies Design the Product Around the Price: https://www.amazon.com/Monetizing-Innovation-Companies-Design-P























