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In part one of a three-part mini-series on the theme of "university", we go on a whirlwind tour of the history of universities, from medieval student guilds in Bologna to the modern day.

 

• The University of Bologna nears its thousand-year anniversary.


• Why universities emerged: stability, trade, rediscovered texts, Church needs.


• Student guilds hired teachers; papal charters granted privileges, recognition.


• Medieval curriculum and university specialisations in law, theology, medicine.


• Renaissance humanism broadened studies beyond law and theology.


• Scientific Revolution made universities producers of new knowledge.


• Humboldt model united teaching and research in modern universities.


• Post-war expansion massified higher education around the world.


• Today: many universities, 250 million students; degrees often required.


• UK participation reaches 50%; rising costs and student debt.

Full interactive transcript, subtitles and key vocabulary available on the website: https://www.leonardoenglish.com/podcasts/history-of-university

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