It's said that there were three sources of power in Chile: God, Pinochet, and DINA. The DINA was Chile's secret police from 1973 to 1977 in the early years of the Pinochet dictatorship. They were often compared to the Gestapo or the KGB by American intelligence. 

La Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional (DINA) was the regime’s iron fist that kidnapped, brutalized, butchered, and disappeared thousands of people inside Chile. Under the guidance of director Manuel Contreras, the DINA also launched terror campaigns in the United States, Europe, and Chile’s neighbors. DINA answered to Pinochet only and in many ways superseded the armed forces.

Socials:

IG: @secretpolicepodcast

X: hush_popo

Gmail: secretpolicepodcast@gmail.com

 

Sources: 

The Pinochet Files: a declassified dossier on atrocity and accountability. Peter Kornbluh. 2013.

 

The Condor Years: how Pinochet and his allies brought terrorism to three continents. John Dinges. 2004.

 

Geography Now! Chile. Geography Now! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8P4Hi99hUJc&list=PLyw95kShWfm8YA_28vi9Z__aac61xES84&index=7&ab_channel=GeographyNow 

 

Why is the Atacama Desert called the “Driest Desert in the World”? Tierra Atacama. January 29, 2021. https://tierraatacama.com/journal/why-is-the-atacama-desert-called-the-driest-desert-in-the-world/ 

 

The world’s ten largest copper mines. Mining Technology. June 18, 2024. https://www.mining-technology.com/marketdata/ten-largest-coppers-mines/?cf-view 

 

Which countries produce the most copper? World Economic Forum. December 12, 2022. https://www.weforum.org/stories/2022/12/which-countries-produce-the-most-copper/ 

 

World Factbook. Chile. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Updated January 15, 2025. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/chile/#people-and-society 

 

Biotec-LATAM. Chile. https://biotec-latam.com/en/countries/chile 

 

Chile - Country Commercial Guide. International Trade Administration. Updated December 7, 2023. https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/chile-agricultural-sector 

 

Pisco Sour. Liquor.com. November 13, 2020. https://www.liquor.com/recipes/pisco-sour/  

 

The San Antonio, Both the Gem and the Rogue of Magellan’s Fleet. John Sailors. Medium. June 19, 2022. https://johnsailors.medium.com/the-san-antonio-both-the-gem-and-the-rogue-of-magellans-fleet-79d8f19f01d4#:~:text=The%20San%20Antonio%20was%20the,a%20price%20of%20330%2C000%20maravedis. 

 

A Super Quick History of Chile. Mr History. November 4, 2019. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I9na4XyC3-4&ab_channel=MrHistory 

 

Ferdinand Magellan - First Circumnavigation of the Earth. Simple History. February 9, 2018. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ylwiOLab5AA&ab_channel=SimpleHistory 

 

The Germans in Chile: Immigration and Colonization, 1849-1914. By Young, George F. W.. New York, 1974. Center for Migration Studies. Maps. Tables. Figures. Appendices. Bibliography. Index. Pp.  xi,  234. Paper.

 

Chile - History, Geography, Economy and Culture. Geodiode. January 31, 2023. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gGfBc4N86mA&list=PLyw95kShWfm8YA_28vi9Z__aac61xES84&index=6&ab_channel=Geodiode 

 

General Augusto Pinochet - General & Dictator of Chile Documentary. The People Profiles. August 5, 2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NhOjb_MYueo&list=PLyw95kShWfm8YA_28vi9Z__aac61xES84&index=3&ab_channel=ThePeopleProfiles 

 

Real Dictators. Pinochet Part 1: An Arrest in London. Noiser. August 27, 2024. 

 

History of Chile. Encyclopedia Britannica. Paul W. Drake & John J. Johnson. https://www.britannica.com/topic/history-of-Chile 

 

Brief Life History of Augusto José Ramón. FamilySearch. https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/LZR7-7NL/augusto-jos%C3%A9-ram%C3%B3n-pinochet-ugarte-1915-2006 

 

What is nitrate?. United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). https://www.epa.gov/mn/what-nitrate#:~:text=Nitrate%20(NO3)%20is%20a%20compound,fertilizers%20for%20crops%20and%20lawns. 

 

Brief Political History of Chile. Crónica Panamericana. December 4, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gsWDarMiVCw&ab_channel=Cr%C3%B3nicaPanamericana 

 

History of our constitutions. Hagamos Historia. Educatión Civica Constitucional. Ministry Secretary General of the Government. https://www.gob.cl/hagamoshistoria/en/timeline/ 

 

Chile Under Pinochet: Recovering the Truth by Mark Ensalaco. November 15, 1999.

 

The Van Buren Hospital in the history of Chile by Carlos Astudillo. 2014. https://hekint.org/2017/02/22/the-van-buren-hospital-in-the-history-of-chile/ 

 

María Verónica Pinochet renuncia a herencia de su madre Lucía Hiriart by Cristián Meza. June 9, 2023. https://www.eldinamo.cl/pais/2023/06/09/maria-veronica-pinochet-renuncia-a-herencia-de-su-madre-lucia-hiriart/ 

 

Intelligence Memorandum/ Chile: Allende’s Economic Record. Central Intelligence Agency Office of Economic Research. April 1972. Sanitized Copy released on September 23, 2011. 

 

Friedman, Jeremy, John Masko, and Jingyu Liu. "Copper Nationalization in Chile." Harvard Business School Case 722-016, March 2022.

 

Salvador Allende. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Salvador-Allende

 

The Case of Chile. Rodrigo Caputo and Diego Saravia. January 2019. Macro Finance Research Program. Becker Friedman Institute. University of Chicago. 

 

Salvador Allende. Last Words to the Nation. https://www.marxists.org/archive/allende/1973/september/11.htm 

 

Biglaiser, Glen. (2002). The Internationalization of Chicago's Economics in Latin America. Economic Development and Cultural Change. 50. 269-86. 10.1086/322875. 

 

Milton Friedman. The Library of Economics and Liberty. https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/bios/Friedman.html  

 

Point Four Program. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Point-Four-Program 

 

Pinochet's German godfather by Wilfried Huismann. March 9, 2023. Tagesschau. https://www.tagesschau.de/investigativ/wdr/chile-pinochet-diktatur-nazis-rauff-100.html 

 

The Assassination of Chilean Ambassador Orlando Letelier: The FBI Files | Retold. 

Retold - Documentaries & Reconstructions. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WnwAGLpuRiY&ab_channel=Retold-Documentaries%26Reconstructions 

Orlando Letelier. Frederick Shepherd. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/money/Orlando-Letelier 

 

In Memoriam, Ronni Moffitt. JewishCurrents. September 21, 2012. https://jewishcurrents.org/september-21-in-memoriam-ronni-moffitt 

 

Augusto Pinochet. John Simkin. Spartacus Educational. September 1997 (updated January 2020). https://spartacus-educational.com/COLDpinochet.htm 

 

It became an obsession’: the long search for the remains of Pinochet’s victims.John Ba