The Friday edition of the AgNet News Hour opened with hosts Nick Papagni—the Ag Meter—and Lorrie Boyer welcoming listeners to another episode filled with agricultural insight, industry analysis, and expert voices. This week’s feature was a compelling interview with one of California’s most respected winemakers: Nicholas Karavidas, whose four-decade career spans cellar floors, tasting rooms, distillation, consulting, and global wine policy.

What followed was an in-depth, candid, and far-reaching conversation covering the evolution of California wine, today’s unprecedented industry slump, the future of global markets, and why automation is now essential for survival.

A Winemaking Journey That Began at 18

Karavidas’s entry into the wine world started by chance. After his family moved from Glendale to the historic Cucamonga Valley, he found himself surrounded by a vibrant —though now largely forgotten—grape-growing region.

At just 18 years old, he took a position as a union cellar man at an old Gallo facility owned by Brookside, a major direct-to-consumer winery producing 600,000 cases a year across 38 tasting rooms. The work hooked him instantly.

He loved:

• The intellectual side of winemaking


• The hands-on craft


• The lifestyle—surfing in the mornings, working swing shift, and still being a teenager

His career ascended quickly:

• Senior lab technician


• Associate winemaker


• Full winemaking responsibility by age 21

He later joined the fourth-generation Filippi family winery, producing 3,000–4,000 tons per year. For 16 years, he managed everything “from the still to the bottle,” often running the distillery late at night before receiving fruit at sunrise.

Forty Years of Change: From Jug Wine to Napa Prestige

When asked how the industry has changed since those early days, Karavidas didn’t hesitate: “Dramatically.”

The 1970s–1980s:

• U.S. shelves were dominated by semi-generic wines like Chablis and Burgundy


• Four-liter jugs were standard


• Zinfandel was largely a blending grape


• Cabernet Sauvignon was not yet king

The 1990s–2000s Shift:

• Varietal wines became mainstream


• Bottles got smaller and more premium


• Napa Valley transformed the American palate

This evolution reshaped California wine into the global powerhouse it is today.

Today’s Wine Slump: “Unlike Any Cycle We’ve Seen Before”

Following a commercial break, the Ag Meter steered the conversation toward the most pressing topic: the current wine downturn, especially pronounced in regions like Lodi, where Karavidas resides.

He explained that while the industry has always cycled between under-supply and over-supply, the current slump is fundamentally different.

How We Got Here

From 1990 to 2000:

• U.S. wine consumption surged


• Vineyard plantings increased rapidly

But all those vines reached full production at the same time. By 2005, California hit a 3-million-ton harvest, outpacing domestic demand.

Back then, wine imports represented just 10–18% of the U.S. retail market.

Today: A New Reality

• Imports now exceed 40%


• U.S. consumption is flat


• Production costs are rising


• Exporting wine is harder and less profitable

International sales face steep:

• Duties


• VATs


• Fees


• Regulatory costs


• Shipping


• Hidden logistical expenses

Some countries—India among the most extreme—can add up to 300% of the wine’s value in export-related costs, making competition nearly impossible.

Vineyard Removals: A Potential Over-Correction

The most visible impact of today’s imbalance is on the land itself.

Karavidas estimates:

• Lodi has removed up to 30% of its vineyards in just 24 months


• Removals continue weekly


• Thousands of acres are gone, with risk of pulling out too much too quickly

Making matters worse: European producers stockpiled massive volumes of wine in the U.S. just before tariffs hit. This “pre-load” flooded the market and pushed the 2025 California crop “into the weeds,” creating a backlog that could take years to unwind.

Global Wine Vision 2035: A Call for Worldwide Alignment

Karavidas also discussed his major initiative, Global Wine Vision 2035—a project he launched over a year ago after publishing digital essays that caught international attention.

Its aim:

Establish a more balanced, cooperative, and sustainable global wine economy.

His framework focuses on:

• Regulatory consistency


• Fair trade policies


• Countering anti-alcohol and neo-prohibitionist movements


• Industry sustainability


• Representation for small & mid-sized producers

Interest in the initiative is growing among academics in Canada, UK regulators, EU stakeholders, and others worldwide. A Global Wine Advisory Board is now in development, representing the 99% of producers who are not multinational giants.

Karavidas shares ongoing insights via his Purple Happy Wine Inside Out Newsletter on LinkedIn.

Why Younger Consumers Drink Less Wine

The conversation turned to a key demographic shift. According to Karavidas, younger adults face multiple barriers:

• Health consciousness


• Rising interest in organic lifestyles


• Competition from cannabis & ready-to-drink beverages


• Too many choices and little guidance


• High prices


• Intimidating wine environments

“You walk into a store with hundreds of bottles,” he said. “Where do you even start?”

The Future Is Accessible: Cans, Single Serves & Less Intimidation

Karavidas believes the current oversupply will help break down barriers and usher in a more modern, approachable wine culture.

Expect more:

• Single-serve options


• Canned wines


• Affordable ready-to-drink portions


• Lower price points


• Less pressure and more fun

He remains optimistic:

“I’m bullish on the wine industry—not because it will return to the boomer boom, but because we’re getting better at understanding our markets and our customers.”

Advice to New Wine Drinkers: Keep It Fun

His guidance for young couples or new consumers?

• Visit accessible regions like Lodi


• Talk to small producers


• Try new things—no rules


• Mix a spritzer if you want


• Chill reds if it tastes good


• Dive into technical knowledge only if it sparks curiosity

Wine, he emphasized, should never be intimidating.

Imports Are Winning—And Why California Must Automate Fast

The Ag Meter raised the growing presence of low-price French, Italian, and other imported wines on U.S. shelves.

Why are they so cheap?

• Foreign subsidies


• Lower labor costs


• Lower production costs


• Easier global export models

California, meanwhile, pays:

• Higher wages


• Higher regulatory costs


• More expensive production inputs

Karavidas’s solution:

Rapid mechanization and automation over the next 3–5 years.

Automation: The Next Great Wine Revolution

Karavidas predicts sweeping changes, including:

• Robotics in vineyards


• Mechanical pruning & pre-pruning


• Unmanned tractors


• Advanced mechanical harvesting


• Automated pump-overs


• Rotary screen systems for tank emptying


• Robotics in bottling & barrel cellars


• Smart-power systems like VinWizard


• Reduced water & energy use


• Alternatives to oak barrels

This isn’t about eliminating jobs, he stressed—it’s about creating new ones for technicians, mechanics, and automation specialists.

Automation will help California:

• Lower costs


• Improve consistency


• Compete internationally


• Maintain quality

Connect with Nicholas Karavidas

For consulting, winery guidance, or conversation:

• Email: nick@consultingwine.com


• Office: 209-625-6339


• Websites: thewinefirm.com | design2wine.com

He welcomes calls, texts, and messages.

Industry Reflections from the Hosts

After the interview, Papagni and Boyer reflected on:

• The complex challenges facing the wine industry


• Declining consumption


• An aging population


• Stockpiled EU wine


• Tariffs, duties, and labor constraints


• The rise in organic preferences


• The importance of modernization

They also promoted Monday’s upcoming interview with Tim Hanni, focusing on why younger demographics are drinking less wine.

Stay Connected with AgNet West

Listeners can access more interviews, podcasts, and ag-industry coverage at AgNet West through their:

• Website


• Podcast feed


• Social media platforms

AgNet West continues to deliver trusted agricultural reporting for growers, producers, and industry professionals statewide.

A Wine Industry in Transition—And Opportunity

The full conversation with Nicholas Karavidas offered a rare insiders’ look at an industry undergoing profound change. From global trade pressures and shifting consumer behavior to automation, vineyard redevelopment, and new packaging innovations, wine is at a defining moment.

Yet Karavidas is clear: