Welcome to Simply Science, the podcast where we break down the complex mysteries of the universe into ideas we can all understand. We are Max and Enola, and today, we’re diving into an intriguing open problem in physics and artificial intelligence: the mystery of neural networks and the challenge of making them explainable.

Neural networks, the AI systems that mimic how our brains work, are revolutionizing physics. From predicting complex systems to analyzing massive datasets, these networks are becoming indispensable. But there’s a catch. They’re often called "black boxes" because, while they produce results, we don’t always know how they get there. Join us this Season 4, as we explore these open problems, why they matter, and how researchers are working to crack the code of these mysterious AI systems.