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On this edition of Parallax Views it's a double feature delving into the question of Donald Trump and U.S. foreign policy as we head into the 2nd Trump Presidency. In the first segment, the Cato Institute's Jon Hoffman return to discuss his Responsible Statecraft article "Trump now faces 'out of control' conflict in the Middle East". We'll delve into the problems that Hoffman argues at the heart of the bipartisan consensus in U.S. foreign policy and why a change of direction is needed, especially in regard to Israel/Palestine. We'll discuss Israel's wars in Gaza and Lebanon, Hezbollah continued stiff resistance to Israel despite the assassination of its leader Hassan Nasrallah, the return of Hamas in areas of Gaza that Israel has claimed to have cleared of its influence, Israel's stated objective of total elimination of Hamas and why some argue this objective is not achievable, the situation in the West Bank, the need for a new political equilibrium to solve the Israel-Palestine conflict and achieve peace, Iran and Israel's tit-for-tat exchanges with each other and the possibility of further dangerous escalation, the relationship between Iran and Saudi Arabia and what it may mean for the second Trump administration's foreign policy agenda, Trump's hawkish nominations (Mike Waltz, Pete Hegseth, etc.), reckless in both Israel and the U.S.'s policies in the Middle East, the Biden administration's approach to Israel and Gaza, the crisis of humanitarian aid being in relation to Gaza, U.S. arms to Israel, J.D. Vance's comments that American and Israeli interests do not always align (especially in relation to Iran), the role of policy inertia in how the U.S. approaches the Middle East, Jon's argument for U.S. disentanglement and de-prioritization of the Middle East, and more!

In the second segment of the show (starts around 36:16 ), Curt Mills, executive director of The American Conservative, joins the show to discuss what realism and restraint minded conservatives want out of the 2nd Trump administration's foreign policy agenda. In the beginning of the conversation will discuss the trajectory of U.S. foreign policy and how the realist viewpoint fell out of favor after the Cold War. In particular Curt will talk about the period of the Reagan years to the neoconservatives of the George W. Bush administration. We'll also discuss what realism & restraint in U.S. foreign policy thought entails and how the realist and restraint movement is a broad tent that's encompasses elements from both the right and the left.

Then Curt talks about "mixed bag" of Trump's nominations for his cabinet if you come from a realist and restraint viewpoint. He'll also talk about how there's been a shift, at least in tone, towards realism and restraint in Trumpian circles since the President-elect's first term in office and go over how realism and restraint conservatives are feeling about Trump's cabinet nominations thus far like Mike Waltz, Marco Rubio, Pete Hegseth, Pete Hegseth, Tulsi Gabbard, and Matt Gaetz. Curt speaks about how, in his view, Hegseth could represent a break from business-as-usual in the Pentagon despite his hawkish views. He also discusses what realist and restraint proponents hope for with regards to U.S. involvement in Ukraine/Russia and Israel/Palestine in the second Trump administration. We'll then delve into the idea of Trump as the heir to Richard Nixon and discuss the "madman theory" of U.S. foreign policy (and Curt will provide some International Relations 101 in the process that illustrates the differences between liberal internationalists and realists). How realist and restraint conservatives have differences in how they view how the U.S. should deal with Ukraine/Russia vs. how the U.S. should deal with either Israel/Palestine, Iran, China. All that and much more in a conversation that will hopefully illustrate what a good portion of "America First" and MAGA conservatives want out of Trump's foreign policy.