Salespeople worldwide use frameworks to measure meeting success, but Japan's unique business culture challenges many Western methods. Let's explore the BANTER model—Budget, Authority, Need, Timing, Engagement, Request—and see how it fits into Japan's sales environment.

1. What is the BANTER model in sales?

BANTER is a simple six-point scoring system for sales calls. Each letter stands for a key factor: Budget, Authority, Need, Timing, Engagement, and Request. A salesperson assigns one point for each element successfully confirmed. A perfect score means six out of six, showing a fully productive meeting.

In Japan, however, acronyms like BANTER face cultural headwinds. Consensus decision-making, indirect communication, and reluctance to disclose financial details make scoring all six nearly impossible.

Mini-summary: BANTER is a six-step framework to assess sales calls. In Japan, cultural barriers make a perfect score rare.

2. Why is budget so hard to confirm in Japan?

Budget transparency is crucial in sales, yet in Japan, buyers rarely share numbers openly. Many fear that revealing too much will encourage vendors to push for higher spending. As a result, responses are often vague or evasive.

This contrasts sharply with Western practices, where budget conversations are normal and allow salespeople to tailor proposals. In Japan, salespeople often end up working blind.

Mini-summary: Japanese buyers protect budget details, leaving salespeople without clear financial guidance.

3. Who really has authority in Japanese companies?

In many countries, the people at the table can make decisions. In Japan, it's different. Authority is diffused through ringi-seido, a process of circulating documents for approval. Stakeholders who never attend the meeting may hold veto power.

This means even strong supporters in the meeting may lack final say. Authority is hidden, and salespeople must navigate carefully.

Mini-summary: Decision-making in Japan is consensus-driven, so real authority is often invisible in the meeting.

4. Do Japanese buyers express their needs clearly?

In consultative selling, uncovering client needs is the first priority. But in Japan, cultural norms make direct questioning difficult. Salespeople often feel compelled to begin with detailed presentations before asking what the client truly needs.

This reversal wastes time and often leaves core needs unspoken. Identifying pain points is possible, but rarely straightforward.

Mini-summary: Japanese sales meetings emphasise presenting solutions before probing needs, making "N" hard to score.

5. Why is timing both clear and paradoxical in Japan?

Japanese buyers are usually precise about timing once a decision is made. Execution must be flawless and fast, sometimes immediate. However, decision-making can take weeks or months due to consensus processes.

The result is a paradox: slow approvals but urgent delivery expectations. At least here, salespeople can usually secure clarity.

Mini-summary: Timing in Japan is paradoxical—decisions are slow, but execution is expected immediately.

6. How do Japanese buyers show engagement?

Engagement is often signalled through questions and objections. In fact, objections are a positive sign in Japan. Silence or polite agreement may actually indicate lack of interest.

This is where salespeople can earn a point in BANTER. Detailed questions show buyers are seriously considering the solution.

Mini-summary: Objections in Japan mean engagement. No objections usually mean no interest.

7. Why do Japanese meetings rarely end with clear requests?

In other markets, meetings often end with a next step: proposal, trial, or follow-up meeting. In Japan, it is common to hear "we will think about it." Far from being a brush-off, this reflects the need for internal alignment.

Still, the absence of a concrete request means this element is rarely scored.

Mini-summary: Meetings end vaguely in Japan, as decisions move to backroom consensus.

Conclusion: What's Japan's BANTER score?

Adding it all up: Budget 0, Authority 0, Need 0, Timing 1, Engagement 1, Request 0. That's two out of six.

It may sound discouraging, but that's the reality of selling in Japan. If you can succeed here, you can succeed anywhere. The difficulty makes the victories even more meaningful.

Mini-summary: Japan scores two out of six on BANTER, proving why sales here is among the toughest in the world.

About the Author

Dr. Greg Story, Ph.D. in Japanese Decision-Making, is President of Dale Carnegie Tokyo Training and Adjunct Professor at Griffith University. He is a two-time winner of the Dale Carnegie "One Carnegie Award" (2018, 2021) and recipient of the Griffith University Business School Outstanding Alumnus Award (2012). As a Dale Carnegie Master Trainer, Greg is certified to deliver globally across all leadership, communication, sales, and presentation programs, including Leadership Training for Results.

He has written several books, including three best-sellers — Japan Business Mastery, Japan Sales Mastery, and Japan Presentations Mastery — along with Japan Leadership Mastery and How to Stop Wasting Money on Training. His works have also been translated into Japanese, including Za Eigyō (ザ営業), Purezen no Tatsujin (プレゼンの達人), Torēningu de Okane o Muda ni Suru no wa Yamemashō (トレーニングでお金を無駄にするのはやめましょう), and Gendaiban "Hito o Ugokasu" Rīdā (現代版「人を動かす」リーダー).

In addition to his books, Greg publishes daily blogs on LinkedIn, Facebook, and Twitter, offering practical insights on leadership, communication, and Japanese business culture. He is also the host of six weekly podcasts, including The Leadership Japan Series, The Sales Japan Series, The Presentations Japan Series, Japan Business Mastery, and Japan's Top Business Interviews. On YouTube, he produces three weekly shows — The Cutting Edge Japan Business Show, Japan Business Mastery, and Japan's Top Business Interviews — which have become leading resources for executives seeking strategies for success in Japan.