401. Guidelines: 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure – Question #38 with Dr. Randall Starling
Description
The following question refers to Sections 7.4 and 7.5 of the 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure.
The question is asked by the Director of the CardioNerds Internship Dr. Akiva Rosenzveig, answered first by Vanderbilt AHFT cardiology fellow Dr. Jenna Skowronski, and then by expert faculty Dr. Randall Starling.
Dr. Starling is Professor of Medicine and an advanced heart failure and transplant cardiologist at the Cleveland Clinic where he was formerly the Section Head of Heart Failure, Vice Chairman of Cardiovascular Medicine, and member of the Cleveland Clinic Board of Governors. Dr. Starling is also Past President of the Heart Failure Society of America in 2018-2019. Dr. Staring was among the earliest CardioNerds faculty guests and has since been a valuable source of mentorship and inspiration. Dr. Starling’s sponsorship and support was instrumental in the origins of the CardioNerds Clinical Trials Program.
The Decipher the Guidelines: 2022 AHA / ACC / HFSA Guideline for The Management of Heart Failure series was developed by the CardioNerds and created in collaboration with the American Heart Association and the Heart Failure Society of America. It was created by 30 trainees spanning college through advanced fellowship under the leadership of CardioNerds Cofounders Dr. Amit Goyal and Dr. Dan Ambinder, with mentorship from Dr. Anu Lala, Dr. Robert Mentz, and Dr. Nancy Sweitzer. We thank Dr. Judy Bezanson and Dr. Elliott Antman for tremendous guidance.
American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2024
- As heard in this episode, the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2024 is coming up November 16-18 in Chicago, Illinois at McCormick Place Convention Center. Come a day early for Pre-Sessions Symposia, Early Career content, QCOR programming and the International Symposium on November 15. It’s a special year you won’t want to miss for the premier event for advancements in cardiovascular science and medicine as AHA celebrates its 100th birthday. Registration is now open, secure your spot here!
- When registering, use code NERDS and if you’re among the first 20 to sign up, you’ll receive a free 1-year AHA Professional Membership!
<svg viewBox="0 0 192 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M0 384.662V127.338c0-17.818 21.543-26.741 34.142-14.142l128.662 128.662c7.81 7.81 7.81 20.474 0 28.284L34.142 398.804C21.543 411.404 0 402.48 0 384.662z"></path></svg>
<svg viewBox="0 0 320 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z"></path></svg>
Question #38
Mrs. M is a 65-year-old woman with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (LVEF 40%) and moderate to severe mitral regurgitation (MR) presenting for outpatient follow-up. Despite improvement overall, she continues to experience dyspnea on exertion with two flights of stairs and occasional PND. She reports adherence with her medication regimen of sacubitril-valsartan 97-103mg twice daily, metoprolol succinate 200mg daily, spironolactone 25mg daily, empagliflozin 10mg daily, and furosemide 80mg daily. A transthoracic echocardiogram today shows an LVEF of 35%, an LVESD of 60 mm, severe MR with a regurgitant fraction of 60%, and an estimated right ventricular systolic pressure of 40 mmHg. Her EKG shows normal sinus rhythm at 65 bpm and a QRS complex width of 100 ms.
What is the most appropriate recommendation for management of her heart failure? | |
A | Continue maximally tolerated GDMT; no other changes |
B | Refer for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) |
C | Refer for transcatheter mitral valve intervention |
<svg viewBox="0 0 192 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M0 384.662V127.338c0-17.818 21.543-26.741 34.142-14.142l128.662 128.662c7.81 7.81 7.81 20.474 0 28.284L34.142 398.804C21.543 411.404 0 402.48 0 384.662z"></path></svg>
<svg viewBox="0 0 320 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z"></path></svg>
Answer #38
Explanation | Choice C is correct. The 2020 ACC/AHA Guidelines for the management of patients with valvular heart disease outline specific recommendations. In patients with chronic severe secondary MR related to LV systolic dysfunction (LVEF <50%) who have persistent symptoms (NYHA class II, III, or IV) while on optimal GDMT for HF (Stage D), M-TEER is reasonable in patients with appropriate anatomy as defined on TEE and with LVEF between 20% and 50%, LVESD ≤70 mm, and pulmonary artery systolic pressure ≤70 mmHg (Class 2a, LOE B-R). Conversely, mitral valve surgery may have a role in the following contexts:
Choice A is incorrect. GDMT has been shown to improve MR and LV dimensions in patients with HFrEF and secondary MR, and it is a Class 1 recommendation (LOE B-R) to optimize GDMT before any intervention for secondary MR related to LV dysfunction. This includes both medical GDMT and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) where appropriate. Our patient is still having symptoms despite being on the maximally tolerated doses of medical GDMT. This highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to the management of valvular heart disease in patients with HF in accordance with clinical practice guidelines to prevent worsening of HF and adverse clinical outcomes (Class 1, LOE B-R). A cardiologist with expertise in the management of HF is integral in the shared decision-making for valve intervention and should guide optimization of GDMT to ensure that medical options for HF and secondary MR have been effectively applied for an appropriate time-period and exhausted before considering intervention. Choice B is incorrect. While CRT has been shown to improve MR, LV dimensions, and outcomes in patients with HFrEF and secondary MR in appropriately selected patients, our patient would not be a candidate given that her QRS duration was < 120ms (Class 3: no benefit, LOE B-R). |
Main Takeaway | In patients with severe secondary MR and reduced ejection fraction with persistent symptoms despite GDMT, M-TEER is reasonable in patients with appropriate anatomy as defined on TEE and with LVEF between 20% and 50%, LVESD ≤70 mm, and pulmonary artery systolic pressure ≤70 mmHg. Conversely, surgery may be appropriate for some patients. HF ad VHD should be managed in a multidisciplinary fashion. |
Guideline Loc. | Sections 7.4-7.5 Figure 10 Also: Section 7.3 from “Otto, C. M., Nishimura, R. A., Bonow, R. O., Carabello, B. A., rwin, J. P., Gentile, F., Jneid, H., Krieger, ric v., Mack, M., McLeod, C., O’Gara, P. T., Rigolin, V. H., Sundt, T. M., Thompson, A., & Toly, C. (2021). 2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. In Circulation (Vol. 143, Issue 5, pp. E72–E227). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000923  Comments Top Podcasts The Best New Comedy Podcast Right Now – June 2024The Best News Podcast Right Now – June 2024The Best New Business Podcast Right Now – June 2024The Best New Sports Podcast Right Now – June 2024The Best New True Crime Podcast Right Now – June 2024The Best New Joe Rogan Experience Podcast Right Now – June 20The Best New Dan Bongino Show Podcast Right Now – June 20The Best New Mark Levin Podcast – June 2024 In Channel   Download from Google Play  Download from App Store  United States00:00 00:00 x   401. Guidelines: 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure – Question #38 with Dr. Randall StarlingCardioNerds |