API security is the process of safeguarding Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) from vulnerabilities and attacks. APIs facilitate communication between various software applications; however, they may be exploited by adversaries to obtain illicit access, pilfer data, or disrupt services if they are not adequately safeguarded. Authentication (which guarantees that only verified users have access to the API), authorization (which limits actions based on user permissions), encryption (which safeguards data in transit and at rest), and monitoring (which detects and responds to anomalous activity) are all critical components of API security. The reliability of digital services is guaranteed, privacy is preserved, and data is protected by effective API security.