BIRD FLU BULLETIN: DAILY H5N1 UPDATE

Good evening. This is your Bird Flu Bulletin for Saturday, November 29th, 2025. I'm bringing you the latest developments in avian influenza tracking and public health response.

TOP STORIES

Our first story concerns a tragic milestone in the United States. Washington state officials have confirmed that a Grays Harbor County resident has died from H5N5 avian flu infection. This marks the first human death from bird flu in the U.S. since a Louisiana case in January. The patient was an older adult with underlying health conditions who kept a mixed backyard flock exposed to wild birds. Significantly, this is the first-ever human case of the H5N5 strain, making it a notable development in flu surveillance.

Moving to commercial poultry operations, Indiana remains the epicenter of avian flu activity. The U.S. Department of Agriculture reported 11 new detections over the weekend, including seven commercial duck breeder facilities. Indiana is the nation's largest duck producer, and affected flock sizes range from 23,000 to 2,900 birds. Additionally, a large commercial turkey outbreak in South Dakota affected 35,400 birds, while a breeder facility in North Carolina reported 9,800 infected birds.

Our third major story involves an unexpected discovery in South America. Researchers have found evidence that common vampire bats in Peru may have contracted H5N1 bird flu. The bats fed on marine animals affected during the devastating 2022 outbreak that killed thousands of sea lions and other marine mammals. While concerning, experts emphasize that the virus did not spread efficiently between bats, suggesting they are unlikely to become a permanent viral reservoir.

CASE NUMBERS AND GUIDANCE

Globally, between early 2003 and late September 2025, the World Health Organization reported 991 human cases of H5N1 avian flu across 25 countries, with a 48 percent fatality rate. Public health authorities continue to stress that human infection remains uncommon, though recent research highlights a worrying development: bird flu viruses possess a genetic mechanism to dodge the body's fever response, potentially making infections more severe.

Health officials emphasize that seasonal flu vaccination, while not preventing bird flu directly, reduces the risk of simultaneous infection with both viruses. Dual infection could theoretically create a more transmissible avian influenza strain.

EXPERT PERSPECTIVE

Dr. Sam Wilson from Cambridge University's Institute of Therapeutic Immunology notes that while human bird flu infection remains rare, the field documents dozens of cases annually. He stresses that understanding viral mechanisms causing severe illness is crucial for pandemic preparedness, particularly given the ongoing threat posed by H5N1 in wild bird populations.

LOOKING AHEAD

Monitoring will intensify around the Washington case for any evidence of human-to-human transmission. Public health officials will track contacts of the deceased patient closely. Continued surveillance of Indiana poultry operations is expected, as duck and turkey producers implement biosecurity measures. Researchers will likely publish additional findings on vampire bat exposure in coming weeks.

Thank you for tuning in to the Bird Flu Bulletin. Please join us next week for more updates on avian influenza developments. This has been a Quiet Please production. For more information, check out Quiet Please Dot A I.

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