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Lucas Cranach - Der Jungbrunnen (The Fountain of Youth), 1564 (Wikimedia Commons)

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Bo and I discuss some of the leading candidates for extending both human lifespan and “health-span”, including metformin, nicotinamide riboside & nicotinamide mononucleotide, and caloric restriction. We also chat about some of the companies working in this area, as well as novel business models that may or may not be a strategy to enable rigorous research of something as difficult to study as human lifespan.

References:

Longevity References

 

1.      Bridgeman SC, Ellison GC, Melton PE, Newsholme P, Mamotte CDS. Epigenetic effects of metformin: From molecular mechanisms to clinical implications. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2018 Jul;20(7):1553-1562. doi: 10.1111/dom.13262. Epub 2018 Mar 22. Review. PubMed PMID: 29457866.

2.      Qian M, Liu B. Pharmaceutical Intervention of Aging. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1086:23 5-254. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-1117-8_15. PubMed PMID: 30232763.

3.      Yoshino J, Baur JA, Imai SI. NAD+ Intermediates: The Biology and Therapeutic Potential of NMN and NR. Cell Metab. 2018 Mar 6;27(3):513-528. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.11.002. Epub 2017 Dec 14. Review. PubMed PMID: 29249689; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5842119.

4.      2017 Karen Weintraub, Medium - The life extension death match: https://medium.com/neodotlife/elysium-and-basis-vs-chromadex-and-tru-niagen-10264fca0bdb

5.      2018 Karen Weintraub, Medium - More on the supposed youth pill (NR): https://medium.com/neodotlife/nr-chromadex-niagen-elysium-basis-blood-pressure-study-cd1b383ccea

6.      2017 Karen Weintraub, MIT Technology Review - Critics Blast Star-Studded Advisory Board of Anti-Aging Company: https://www.technologyreview.com/s/603199/critics-blast-star-studded-advisory-board-of-anti-aging-company/

7.      2019 Alzforum - In small trial, EH301 (Elysium's Basis) Appears to Halt Progression of ALS: https://www.alzforum.org/news/research-news/small-trial-eh301-appears-halt-progression-als

8.      2019 Feb 17 - Marisa Taylor, Kaiser Health News - A pill to reverse aging; Enthusiasm outpaces reality: https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/pill-reverse-aging-enthusiasm-outpaces-reality-n971616

9.      2016 Sarah Zhang, WIRED – The Weird Business Behind A Trendy “Anti-Aging” Pill: https://www.wired.com/2016/07/confused-elysiums-anti-aging-drug-yeah-fda/

10.   Konopka AR, Miller BF. Taming expectations of metformin as a treatment to extend healthspan. Geroscience. 2019 Feb 12;. doi: 10.1007/s11357-019-00057-3. [Epub ahead of print] Review. PubMed PMID: 30746605.

11.   Piskovatska V, Stefanyshyn N, Storey KB, Vaiserman AM, Lushchak O. Metformin as a geroprotector: experimental and clinical evidence. Biogerontology. 2019 Feb;20(1):33-48. doi: 10.1007/s10522-018-9773-5. Epub 2018 Sep 25. Review. PubMed PMID: 30255224.

12.   Zhou G, Myers R, Li Y, Chen Y, Shen X, Fenyk-Melody J, Wu M, Ventre J, Doebber T, Fujii N, Musi N, Hirshman MF, Goodyear LJ, Moller DE. Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in mechanism of metformin action. J Clin Invest. 2001 Oct;108(8):1167-74. doi: 10.1172/JCI13505. PubMed PMID: 11602624; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC209533.

13.   Witters LA. The blooming of the French lilac. J Clin Invest. 2001 Oct;108(8):1105-7. doi: 10.1172/JCI14178. Review. PubMed PMID: 11602616; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC209536.

14.   Stein LR, Imai S. The dynamic regulation of NAD metabolism in mitochondria. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Sep;23(9):420-8. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2012.06.005. Epub 2012 Jul 21. PubMed PMID: 22819213; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3683958.

15.   Aravinthan A. Cellular senescence: a hitchhiker's guide. Hum Cell. 2015 Apr;28(2):51-64. doi: 10.1007/s13577-015-0110-x. Epub 2015 Feb 18. Review. PubMed PMID: 25690721.

16.   2015 David Stipp, Scientific American Guest Blog - Beyond Resveratrol: The Anti-Aging NAD Fad: https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/beyond-resveratrol-the-anti-aging-nad-fad/

17.   2015 Jessica Leber, Fast Company - One Of The World’s Top Aging Researchers Has A Pill To Keep You Feeling Young: https://www.fastcompany.com/3041800/one-of-the-worlds-top-aging-researchers-has-a-pill-to-keep-you-feeling-young

18.   2015 Karen Weintraub, MIT Technology Review - The Anti-Aging Pill: https://www.technologyreview.com/s/534636/the-anti-aging-pill/

19.   2015 Stefanie Friedhoff, Boston Globe - Five Nobel laureates backing antiaging dietary supplement: https://www.bostonglobe.com/business/2015/02/03/anti-aging-supplement-from-prominent-local-scientists/FvHsy28Hd9fILmrR4OZArO/story.html

20.   Barzilai N, Crandall JP, Kritchevsky SB, Espeland MA. Metformin as a Tool to Target Aging. Cell Metab. 2016 Jun 14;23(6):1060-1065. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.011. Review. PubMed PMID: 27304507; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5943638.

21.   2017 Marina N. Bolotnikova, Harvard Magazine – Anti-Aging Approaches: https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2017/09/anti-aging-breakthrough

22.    Bridgeman SC, Ellison GC, Melton PE, Newsholme P, Mamotte CDS.