Owning foreign accounts or assets isn’t illegal, and it’s not inherently unlawful to fall outside FATCA’s scope. The real issue is knowing what counts as a reportable asset and making sure you’re not failing to disclose something that is covered.

FATCA is primarily an information-reporting regime. For individuals, this means filing Form 8938 (Statement of Specified Foreign Financial Assets) if the value of certain foreign assets exceeds set thresholds. These “specified assets” include accounts at foreign banks or brokerages, as well as stock in foreign corporations.

Not everything is reportable. Directly held real estate, personal property like art or jewelry, and assets inside U.S.-based retirement accounts are not covered by FATCA. But if you hold property through a foreign company, the company itself becomes reportable.

A big source of confusion is the difference between FATCA and the FBAR (FinCEN Form 114). FATCA has higher thresholds ($50k+ for U.S. residents, higher for expats), while FBAR applies if your total foreign accounts exceed just $10,000 at any time. That means an account that doesn’t trigger FATCA might still require FBAR filing.

What is illegal? Using foreign structures to deliberately hide income or assets. That’s when mistakes cross into tax evasion, false return filings, and willful FBAR violations—all of which can bring severe civil and criminal penalties.

#FATCA #FBAR #USTax #TaxCompliance #OffshoreAccounts