Several studies explore the impact of choline supplementation on Down syndrome (DS), specifically using the Ts65Dn mouse model. Research investigates the effects of this supplementation on attention, basal forebrain cholinergic neuron morphology, and gene expression in various brain regions. Additional studies examine sex differences in glutamate transporter expression in major depression and suicide, linking this to potential therapeutic targets. Finally, some papers discuss the use of stereological methods for unbiased quantification of neurons in neurodegenerative diseases, and the importance of considering total neuron number over density.