A Proctosigmoidoscope is a medical instrument used to examine the rectum and lower portion of the colon. It is a type of endoscope, which is a long, thin tube with a light and a lens system to view the inside of the body. This device is typically inserted through the anus and up into the rectum and sigmoid colon to inspect for any signs of abnormalities, such as polyps, bleeding, or inflammation. The Proctosigmoidoscope is commonly used to diagnose conditions such as colon cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, and other digestive disorders. The device is typically used by a doctor or specialist and is a safe, non-invasive way to evaluate the lower gastrointestinal tract.