In the second episode of Keys, as the Second World War ends, people long for better times, and the United Nations does something about it, declaring genocide a crime against humanity, declaring slavery an abuse of human rights, declaring asylum and freedom of thought to be human rights, as well as the right to own property and not have it stolen. But two states immediately deny that right to refugees from their terror. Mike’s mother is one of many thousands, denied that right.

PLACE NAMES

When the place names in Keys get confusing, these notes will help.

Mike’s grandparents came from Galicia, a part of eastern Europe on no
modern map. Today some of Galicia is southeast Poland, another part is western Ukraine. Galicia no longer exists.

In the last century, many of Galicia’s Jews, Ukrainians and Poles also ceased to exist, violently, as their province was repeatedly ruptured by the front lines of two World Wars, genocide and ethnic cleansing.

Before 1918, Galicia was the Austro-Hungarian Empire’s most eastern province. Its capital was Lemberg (German) = Lwów (Polish) = Lviv (Ukrainian).

Three names, but one city.

Further south, Mike’s grandfather grew up in Stanislau (German); left
Stanislaviv (Ukrainian) in 1918 for a better life in Germany; deported back to Stanisławów (Polish) in 1938, which became Stanislaviv (Ukrainian) in 1939; killed in Stanislau (German) in 1941.

Before Mike first visited that city in 1999, the Soviet Union renamed it Ivano-Frankovsk (Russian). Today the place where he found his grandfather’s surviving colleagues and allies is called Ivano-Frankivsk (Ukrainian).

Five names, but one city.

Fatima Abu Salem grew up in the thriving Palestinian village of Burayr, at
crossroads leading to Gaza, Hebron and Beersheba. Today a few ruins of Burayr are surrounded by the fields of kibbutz Bro’r Hayyil.

Two names, but one place.

Place names matter. How we name places reveals our own histories,
identities and yearnings.

CREDITS for this episode

Testimony

Testimony and commentary by Mike Joseph, Asha Phillips, Lilli Gold, Rose Gold.

Interpreters and Translators

Dina Brandt           

Alex Dunai

Markus Hartmann   

Burkhardt Kolbmuller

Svitlana Kovalyk

Itamar Shapira

Nadia Slobodyan

Audio sources

The Hundred Year House, BBC 1999

Images

Lilli Gold

Mike Joseph

Holger Jackisch

Sami Abu Salem

PRODUCTION

Mike Joseph - Producer

Zac Ware - Sound Editor

Micha Wink - Keys Theme & Variations on a Bach Prelude in B minor

Pamela Koehne-Drube - Audience and Web Advisor

PRESENTERS

Mike Joseph

Asha Phillips

CAST in programme order

Terry Dimmick as Car Park Attendant

Peter Kirsten as Leipzig Policeman

Young Asha Phillips as Dorothea Gold

Wera Hobhouse as Marie Nummer

Zac Ware as Fritz Grunsfeld

James Stewart as Ralph Dippmann [English]

Klaus Riekemann as Leipzig Property Administrator [German]

Richard Tebboth as Leipzig Property Administrator [English]

James Stewart as Wolfgang Vogel [German]

Patrick Thomas as Wolfgang Vogel [English]