Join Drs Benjamin Schlechter and Joshua Smith as they discuss the evolution of nonoperative rectal cancer management and organ preservation, highlighting groundbreaking trials like OPRA and JANUS.

Relevant disclosures can be found with the episode show notes on Medscape https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/1000092. The topics and discussions are planned, produced, and reviewed independently of advertisers. This podcast is intended only for US healthcare professionals.

Resources

ALLIANCE A022104/NRG-GI010: The Janus Rectal Cancer Trial: A Randomized Phase II/III Trial Testing the Efficacy of Triplet Versus Doublet Chemotherapy Regarding Clinical Complete Response and Disease-Free Survival in Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38712176/

Operative Versus Nonoperative Treatment for Stage 0 Distal Rectal Cancer Following Chemoradiation Therapy: Long-Term Results https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15383798/

Long-Term Results of Organ Preservation in Patients With Rectal Adenocarcinoma Treated With Total Neoadjuvant Therapy: The Randomized Phase II OPRA Trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37883738/

Patient-Reported Outcomes During and After Treatment for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer in the PROSPECT Trial (Alliance N1048) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37270691/

Consolidation mFOLFOX6 Chemotherapy After Chemoradiotherapy Improves Survival in Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Final Results of a Multicenter Phase II Trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30192323/

Overall Survival After Treatment Failure Among Patients With Rectal Cancer https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37902752/

Short-Course Radiotherapy Followed by Chemotherapy Before Total Mesorectal Excision (TME) Versus Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy, TME, and Optional Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (RAPIDO): A Randomised, Open-Label, Phase 3 Trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33301740/

Locoregional Failure During and After Short-course Radiotherapy Followed by Chemotherapy and Surgery Compared With Long-course Chemoradiotherapy and Surgery: A 5-Year Follow-up of the RAPIDO Trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36661037/

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With FOLFIRINOX and Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy for Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (UNICANCER-PRODIGE 23): A Multicentre, Randomised, Open-Label, Phase 3 Trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33862000/

Phase III Trial of Short-Course Radiotherapy Followed by CAPOXIRI Versus CAPOX in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: The ENSEMBLE Trial https://www.esmogastro.org/article/S2949-8198(23)00003-1/fulltext