In 1948, Israel was created amidst a complex historical and political landscape. Jewish leaders declared its establishment as a safe haven for persecuted Jews and a national homeland. This move followed escalating conflicts between Jewish and Arab militias. After Israel's declaration, five Arab nations attacked, leading to the displacement of hundreds of thousands of Palestinians, known as Al Nakba.A ceasefire the following year left Israel in control of significant territory, while Jordan occupied the West Bank, and Egypt took Gaza. Jerusalem was divided between Israeli and Jordanian forces. The absence of a formal peace agreement led to ongoing conflicts in the region. The creation of Israel in 1948 remains a contentious issue with lasting implications for the Middle East.