One could argue there are two ways of aggregating knowledge: by guessing or by verifying information. The current system for verifying is by checking one another's work through peer review, a process by which experts first review the quality of the work submitted for publication and only allowing information through that is rigorous in its method or arguments. This is not without its flaws, however. Bias and blinding (or lack thereof) can prevent legitimate science from being disseminated or too eagerly publish bad science that is favorable to the reviewers. We explain the ins and outs of the peer review system and some ways it might improve. 

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Links and References: 

1. https://authorservices.wiley.com/Reviewers/journal-reviewers/what-is-peer-review/types-of-peer-review.html 
2.  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11804526/
3.  https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.210681
4. https://researchintegrityjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41073-020-00092-1
5. https://publications.aap.org/hospitalpediatrics/article/12/11/e409/189689/Research-Methods-How-to-Perform-an-Effective-Peer?autologincheck=redirected
6.  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4975196/
7. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5999550/

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