What separates the Orthodox Church and the various Non-Chalcedonian churches? Is it merely semantics and misunderstandings, as some today proclaim? The Holy Monastery of Gregoriou on Mount Athos, in this 1994 treatise, gives a detailed examination of the issues and offers much for anyone interested in the truth of Christ, His Church, and the Non-Chalcedonian heresy.

📖 This is a reading of _The Non-Chalcedonian Heretics_ by the Monastery of Gregoriou (Mount Athos) (originally published as _The Non-Chalcedonian Heresy_ in Orthodox Life (Jordanville)). Buy here:
https://www.ctosonline.org/ecumenism/N.html

0:00 Beginning
0:19 Prologue by Abbot George Kapsanis
2:00 Introduction

Part I: Ecclesiological Presuppositions
5:30 The Orthodox Church is the One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church
6:01 The Church is Conscious of Her Identity Over Time
6:47 Using “Polemical” Language

Part II: The Historical Witness
8:34 Union Attempts in the Past
13:24 The Agreements of 433 Expose the Non-Chalcedonians
22:03 The Witness from the Synaxaria (Lives of Saints)

Part III: Dogmatic Differences
28:42 Is Severos Orthodox?
32:32 1) The Theology of Serveros is Aristotelian
37:09 2) Severos Accepts that the Human Nature of Christ Subsists as a Hypostasis
43:54 3) The Hypostatic Union According to Severos
50:59 4) Severos teaches Monoenergism
56:56 5) Severos Accepts the Heretical Teaching of Individual Essences
59:03 6) How Does Severos Conceive the Deification of Man?
1:02:22 The Theopaschite Addition to the Trisagion
1:06:10 St. Maximus the Confessor on the Phrase “In Thought Alone”
1:09:26 Iconoclasm and its Monophysite Presuppositions

1:14:00 Thoughts on the Joint Declarations of 1989 and 1990
1:17:22 Conclusions

*Primary Sources*
📖 _The Acts of the Council of Chalcedon_ translated and introduced by Fr. Richard Price (Roman Catholic)
https://archive.org/details/the-acts-of-the-council-of-chalcedon-translated-texts-for-historians-lup-volume-45
📖 Letters 1-50 of St. Cyril of Alexandria
https://archive.org/details/letters-1-50-cyril-of-alexandria-etc.-z-library
📖 Letters 51-110 of St. Cyril of Alexandria
https://dokumen.pub/fathers-of-the-church-saint-cyril-of-alexandria-letters-51-110-0813200776-9780813200774.html
📖 The "Tome" of Pope St. Leo of Rome
https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/3604028.htm
📖 _Exact Exposition of the Orthodox Faith_ by St. John of Damascus (see Book 3)
https://stanthonysmonastery.org/products/exact-exposition-of-the-orthodox-faith

*Secondary Sources*
📖 _Saint Cyril of Alexandria and the Christological Controversy_ by Fr. John McGuckin
https://svspress.com/saint-cyril-of-alexandria-and-the-christological-controversy/
📖 The Political Subterfuge of Chalcedon by Patrick Craig Truglia
https://orthodoxchristiantheology.com/2022/09/07/the-political-subterfuge-of-chalcedon/

*Audio*
🎧 Oriental Orthodoxy Refuted (Playlist) by David Erhan
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL3QQ7jHr1GrTO3WLauMBQ6kbTEphu2rHg&si=epm0F_1DRZaz3Aqc

*From Non-Chalcedonians*
📖 From V.C. Samuel (a Copt), quoted in the text from Gregoriou: _The Council of Chalcedon Re-Examined_
https://a.co/d/if45jyR

From an historical perspective, it should be said that the Holy Fathers knew well with whom they were conversing, and there is no possibility that they misconstrued and condemned the Non-Chalcedonians on account of a misinterpretation. It is neither theological terminology nor racial and cultural factors that played a decisive role in the separation of the Non-Chalcedonians from the communion of the Catholic [i.e., Orthodox] Church, but chiefly their erroneous conception, and consequently their formulation, of the manner of the union of the two Natures in Christ. The dogmatic differences between the two sides are so great that, if they were forgotten, salvation itself would be put at risk.