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The Petrozavodsk phenomenon refers to a series of mysterious sightings on September 20, 1977, across Petrozavodsk, USSR, and other parts of Europe and Asia. Witnesses reported unusual celestial activity, including bright, luminous objects and formations that defied simple explanation.

Sightings

1. 
   

   Petrozavodsk, USSR:

   
   
   
   
   • Residents described seeing a bright object in the sky, radiating beams of light resembling a "jellyfish" shape.
   
   
   • The light reportedly caused a luminous, fine rain to fall, leading some to think the phenomenon had physical effects on the environment.
   
   
   • The object moved slowly, hovered for a time, and then ascended.
   
   
   
   


2. 
   

   Other Locations:

   
   
   
   
   • Similar sightings were reported over Scandinavia, the Baltic Sea, and parts of Eastern Europe and Asia.
   
   
   • Observers described glowing disks, bright flashes, and unusual atmospheric phenomena, often lasting for several minutes.
   
   
   
   

These reports were widely documented in the media and prompted scientific investigations. The sightings occurred during a period of heightened interest in UFOs and cosmic phenomena in the late 20th century.

Possible Explanations

Several theories have been proposed to explain the Petrozavodsk phenomenon:

1. 
   

   Soviet Satellite Launch (Cosmos-955):

   
   
   
   
   • The Soviet Union launched the Kosmos-955 satellite on the same day. The rocket's exhaust or re-entry effects could have produced unusual atmospheric light displays.
   
   
   
   


2. 
   

   Auroral Phenomena:

   
   
   
   
   • Some researchers suggested that natural auroras or other atmospheric phenomena might account for the lights, especially given the region's proximity to the Arctic Circle.
   
   
   
   


3. 
   

   Meteorological Effects:

   
   
   
   
   • Rare weather conditions, such as high-altitude ice crystals reflecting light or specific cloud formations, could have contributed to the unusual visual effects.
   
   
   
   


4. 
   

   UFO Hypothesis:

   
   
   
   
   • Some proponents of extraterrestrial theories interpreted the phenomenon as evidence of an unidentified flying object or alien activity.
   
   
   • The "jellyfish" description, coupled with the luminous rain, has fueled speculation among UFO enthusiasts.
   
   
   
   


5. 
   

   Psychological and Perceptual Factors:

   
   
   
   
   • Mass hysteria or misinterpretation of ordinary objects (e.g., aircraft or celestial events) might have influenced eyewitness reports.