In this conversation, Melissa Parvis and Claire Wayner discuss the urgent need for modernization of the US transmission grid, the role of RMI in the clean energy transition, and the challenges of transmission planning. They explore the differences between local and regional transmission projects, the regulatory gaps that have led to increased local spending, and the importance of proactive long-term planning. The discussion highlights the need for transparency in project approvals and the potential benefits of regional planning to enhance efficiency and reduce costs for consumers.