What did John the Baptist mean when he called people to repent? What is the rapture? What is the chaff that will be burned in "unquenchable fire?" Should we repent? If so, how?

"What does repentance look like?" is based on Matthew 3:1-12

In those days John the Baptist appeared in the wilderness of Judea, proclaiming, “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven has come near.” This is the one of whom the prophet Isaiah spoke when he said,
“The voice of one crying out in the wilderness:
‘Prepare the way of the Lord;
make his paths straight.’ ”
Now John wore clothing of camel’s hair with a leather belt around his waist, and his food was locusts and wild honey. Then Jerusalem and all Judea and all the region around the Jordan were going out to him, and they were baptized by him in the River Jordan, confessing their sins.
But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming for his baptism, he said to them, “You brood of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the coming wrath? Therefore, bear fruit worthy of repentance, and do not presume to say to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham as our ancestor,’ for I tell you, God is able from these stones to raise up children to Abraham. Even now the ax is lying at the root of the trees; therefore every tree that does not bear good fruit will be cut down and thrown into the fire.
“I baptize you with water for repentance, but the one who is coming after me is more powerful than I, and I am not worthy to carry his sandals. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire. His winnowing fork is in his hand, and he will clear his threshing floor and will gather his wheat into the granary, but the chaff he will burn with unquenchable fire.”

References

Barber, William J, II, and Jonathan Wilson-Hartgrove. “The Danger of Retribution in God’s Name. Our Moral Moment w/ Bishop William Barber & Jonathan Wilson-Hartgrove. September 24, 2025. https://ourmoralmoment.substack.com/p/the-danger-of-retribution-in-gods

Boring, M. Eugene. “The Gospel of Matthew.” In New Interpreter’s Bible, Volume VII. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 2015.

Case-Winters, Anna. Matthew: A Theological Commentary on the Bible (Belief: a Theological Commentary on the Bible). Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster John Knox Press, 2015. Kindle Edition.

Collins, John J. Introduction to the Hebrew Bible: Third Edition. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2018. Kindle edition. 

Greyman-Kennard, Danielle. “Why is the Rapture trending right now? - explainer.” The Jerusalem Post. September 24, 2025. https://www.jpost.com/christianworld/article-868475

Powell, Mark Allen. Matthew (Interpretation Bible Commentary). Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster John Knox Press, 2025. Kindle Edition.

Schlimm, Matthew. “Noah gets drunk. Then he curses Ham.” Christian Century Vol. 142, No. 9 (September 2025: 72-76.

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible. “3340. metanoeó.” In Bible Hub.com. Accessed September 23, 2025. https://biblehub.com/greek/3340.htm 

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