This episode explores the growing competition and complex interdependence between the U.S. and China in the global biotechnology and biopharma sectors. With China’s state-backed biotech ecosystem advancing rapidly, particularly through faster, cheaper clinical trials, Chinese companies are developing high-quality drug candidates that are being out-licensed to Western pharmaceutical firms. This dynamic is putting pressure on U.S. biotechs, prompting a geopolitical response exemplified by legislation such as the Biosecure Act, which aims to reduce reliance on Chinese contract manufacturing and research organizations (CROs/CDMOs) due to national security and IP concerns. Despite this tension, both countries continue to leverage each other’s strengths, as AI integration into drug development and the FDA's regulatory adaptation highlight the industry’s rapid technological transformation. Produced by Dr. Jake Chen.