At its peak around 1712, New France was a vast territory in North America that stretched from Newfoundland to the Rocky Mountains and from Hudson Bay down to the Gulf of America. This immense territory was divided into five main colonies: Canada, Acadia, Newfoundland, Hudson Bay, and Louisiana—encompassing the vast interior of today’s United States, including the Mississippi River valley. However, French settlement was sparse, making New France an enormous zone of influence rather than a densely populated area. New France’s government under the French Crown consisted of a Sovereign Council consisting of three major officials: a Governor General, an Intendant and a Bishop, and a number of minor officials, including five councilors, an attorney-general and a clerk. The Sovereign Council was to be the sole governing authority in the colony and the intermediary between the king in France and his overseas subjects in New France.

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Source: Challenge & Survival: The History of Canada by Herstein, Hughes, Kirbyson (Prentice-Hall).

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